A literature review on IOT Based Home Automation System

Md Tausif Khana, Tanzim Alama, Mohammad Tanveera, Arjun Singhb.

a
Department of Computer Science Engineering, Student of Engineering, Greater Noida
Institute of Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, India.
b
Department of Computer Science Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Greater Noida
Institute of Technology, Greater Noida, 201310, India.

Abstract
A major problem we still face today in this connected world, where more than 100 Quadrillion bytes of data are created every day,
accelerating with the growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), needs to be properly harvested. There is not one complete solution to monitor
one’s homes securely and remotely with less human intervention. Since, each device comes with its own way to connect, it makes the system
clustered and difficult to control and automate. Thus, lack of intercommunication between various appliances makes the complete system
obsolete which ultimately affects the security of one’s home or offices. This paper proposes an efficient home automation system using Node
Microcontroller Unit (Node MCU) which focuses on sensing and maintaining suitable indoor climate conditions like temperature and
humidity. Additionally, paying attention to secure homes from any theft or hazard. Also, providing flexibility to control electronic devices
from any part of the world through smartphones or PC’s via internet.

Subject Classification: Internet of Things (IoT); Home Automation.

Keywords: Home security, Home automation, Internet of Things(IoT), Arduino UNO, Smartphones,Bluetooth HC-05

1.Introduction.

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a more expansive concept that allows us to connect different common appliances
to the Internet. The ability to control multiple electronic devices with voice assistance [1] or motion sensors that
activate a light or carry out an action when they detect motion is a basic example of an Internet of Things object.
In many aspects of their lives, people now rely more on technology than ever before, and this also applies to
human surveillance. Numerous smart home system architectures have been published in scholarly works.
. Online platforms, home servers, and sensors are combined to create these systems [2]. It is even possible to
accomplish all of this oversight and control by not being present all the time. Improper control of certain
components can lead to excessive energy consumption and higher electricity costs. As a result, a home
automation system based on SMS or the Internet is suggested, allowing anyone to remotely control household
appliances at any time and from any location [3]. The proliferation of wireless technologies, including Wi-Fi
and cloud networks, has resulted in their increased use across nearly all industries [4]. In a 2014 survey, 39% of
respondents stated that security is their top worry when it comes to implementing Internet of Things technology.
[5]. The term "Internet of Things" refers to a broad idea of how networked devices can sense and gather
information from their environment, share that information online, and have it processed for different uses [6].
Not only can a truly smart home connect, but it can also "think" for itself. It is possible to approximate scenarios
with high comfort and accuracy.
It is mesmerizing that the power of connectivity has given the smart home the ability to extend a person’s
life and have more control over their homes, which includes increased energy efficiency. Some other benefits
include solar energy that will help in cutting energy bills and reduce the carbon footprint of a home - but along
with battery storage, solar will also play an important role in home automation and IoT [7].
In [8] a toggle on / off operation with voice automated design setup is built, which focuses on giving signals
to sensors by designing an arrangement through a handheld device with a built-in microphone method system.
This can be used to say commands without the need to get on the switchboard. But we oppose such a system since
microphones can’t be placed everywhere and it also demolishes the idea of automating your home on its own. [9]
The hunger for automation brought many revolutions to existing technologies. They were valued more than any
other technologies due to its user-friendly nature. This interrelation of physical articles is dependent on
intensifying the important effects that large-scale organized interchange is having on society.
The Internet of Things is a system that allows anyone to use their smartphone or computer to access the Internet
and use it to control and collect everything in their home, including security and home automation systems, from
anywhere in the world. IoT sensors can help protect a person's home from danger or theft in addition to
collecting data on indoor climate conditions like temperature, humidity, and dust.
. We are living in the 21st century where we have the desire to automate everything that can be for a small
room to the entire industry. And harness the data collected from sensors parameters to have a productive lifestyle.

2.Literature Review.

Table 1
Comprehensive details of different IoT projects
Ref. Year Project Description Microcontroller Used Major Outcome
No.

[13] 2019 Smart Home: Speech Arduino Uno Different electrical appliances were
Recognition Based Home controlled by an
Automation Using IoT Arduino board just by using a smartphone.

[1] 2019 IOT-Based Arduino Home Automation Arduino, an IoT-based anti-theft and vehicle tracking
System for 2019A clever way to systemThe system that was created
manage the lighting in the smart successfully offers the use of Internet of
homeroom has been devised. Things applications in transportation.
2019 Arduino, GSMGPS,
[22] 2019 The system that was created Arduino A clever way to manage the lighting in the
successfully offers the use of Internet smart homeroom has been devised.
of Things applications in GSMGPS,
transportation.

[17] 2019 Biometric authentication in internet of Arduino Conceptual idea of securing internet of
things Things network using biometric
authentication with iris recognition is
presented.

[18] 2019 Security risk management in IoT Arduino A deep analytical study has been
environment performed for describing IoT vision,
protocols, technologies, architecture,
applications and security/privacy risks,
attacks and threats

[7] 2018 IoT WiFi that plugs in and plays Arduino Uno Smart Home system model designed for
Electronic Human Monitoring Smart behavioural analysis has been made
Home System. available.

[20] 2018 Smart Home Automation with Home Arduino Control of home automation and home
Security using IoT security.

[21] 2018 SMART HOME AUTOMATION Arduino An automated home can be achieved with
USING IOT: Arduino Home Automation.
[24] 2018 Advanced Anti-Theft Arduino UNO R3 This paper acknowledges user friendly, low
& Home Safety System cost, augmented home security system.
Using GSM

[19] 2017 Home Automation using IOT and Arduino Mega 2560 A smart home system that is based on the
Mobile App Internet can be controlled after user
verification is implemented.

[23] 2017 IOT BASED HOME Arduino A technique was suggested that will give us
AUTOMATION SYSTEM an improved understanding of the
USING ARDUINO Environmental conditions in our homes.
BOARD

[10] 2016 Home Automation Arduino Uno A system of distributed home automation
Prototype using IoT. consisting of a server & sensors is proposed.
ICCIT16

[14] 2019 HOME AUTOMATION Raspberry Pi An intelligent solution for the control of
USING IOT. International lighting in the smart homeroom is devised.
Research Journal of
Computer Science (IRJCS)

[16] 2019 IoT based home automation using Raspberry Pi Studied the drawback of a standard home
Raspberry Pi and how smart home is a more reliable and
efficient solution.

[8] 2017 Intensification of Home Automation Raspberry Pi The static database for authentication
using IoT. purposes is maintained.
Journal for Research.

[11] 2016 Face detection and recognition using Raspberry Pi A face recognition system based on
Raspberry pi. Raspberry Pi using traditional face detection
and recognition techniques has been
implemented.

[2] 2019 Home Automation System Bluetooth Alternate provision of the SMS along with
Using IOT. International Research the Bluetooth which extends the range & the
Journal of Engineering and ability for non-smart phone users to control
Technology (IRJET) the devices.

[15] 2013 ANTI-THEFT HOME SECURITY Atmega 8515 Microcontroller based

SYSTEM Home security system using Wireless alerts
& RF signals as communication standards
implemented
 Table 2
Differences between different Microcontroller units [5]

Parameter Arduino Uno Raspberry Pi B+ ESP8266

(NodeMCU)
Processor ATMega328P Quad-core ARM Tensilica L106 32-bit
Cortex A53 RISC
GPU - 400 MHz -
Broadcom Video
Core IV
Working Voltage 7 - 12 V 5V 6-12 V
Clock Speed 16 MHz 1.2 GHz 26 MHz - 52 MHz
System Memory 2 kB 1 GB < 42 kB
Flash Memory 32 kB - upto 128 MB
EEPROM 1 kB - -
Development Arduino IDE Linux based IDE Arduino IDE, Lua
Environment Loader
Programming C, C++ Python C, C++, C, C++
Language Java, Scratch, Ruby
Cost Low High Low

Proposed Model.

We have proposed a model that aims to combat the issues we face today in IOT based home automation
system. We used Bluetooth HC-05 technology because it can link the entire system network to a single database
at

Figure 1
Proposed model
3. Future scope

• Integration with Smart Cities: By extending the home automation system to interface with
smart city infrastructure, more applications like smart parking, community energy
management, and public safety are made possible.
• Healthcare and assisted living: Using IoT for healthcare applications, including telemedicine,
remote patient monitoring, and senior and disabled assisted living options.
• Agricultural Automation: Using the concepts of Internet of Things automation to smart
farming, this approach allows for precise control over crop monitoring, fertilisation, and
irrigation.

4. Conclusion

• This project work makes it clear that a low-cost, locally available component can be
used to create an individual control home automation system, which can be used to
control a variety of home appliances, including the air conditioning system, security
lamps, televisions, and even the entire lighting system. Even better, the parts needed
are so little and few that they can be bundled into a discreet little container. With the
help of these systems, homeowners can design environments that are safer, smarter,
and more accommodating to their individual needs and tastes. The future of home
automation holds enormous promise for additional innovation and advancements as
technology develops and grows, ultimately changing how we work, live, and interact
with our surroundings. The planned home automation system underwent numerous tests
and received certification to operate various household appliances, including those used in
the entertainment, lighting, and air conditioning systems, among many others. This makes the
system flexible and scalable.

References.

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[4] V . Ram Kumar.Voice Operated Home Automation for Senior citizens. International Journal of Trend in
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[5] E merging Trends in Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering (ETEEC-2018) | April 2018
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