Céng nghigp rimg MO HINH BANG TAI PHAN LOAI SAN PHAM THEO CHIEU CAO DIEU KHIEN BANG PLC UNG DYNG TRONG DAO TAO Tran Céng Chi TAS. Bai hoc Lam nghiép TOM TAT Phin loai sin phim 18 mot yéu edu cfp thidt wong cOng nghiép nhim thay thé cho con ngudi dBe bigs Ia phiin Jogi sin phim theo nhigu tiéu cht khée nbau, BA 06 nhigu mo hinh e6 thé phiinlogi cfc sin phim theo ef tiéu cf dom gin nhur pha logi theo ti inh, theo mau sic, hoge theo Khéi lugmg. Thiét Ké vA tong dung PLC (Programmable logic conteol) dé dieu khién m6 kink bing tii phi logi sin phim theo chiu cao 18 n6i dung chia cia bai vit, M6 kink bao gdm khéi co Khf va khdi digu khiéa, Dé lim duge eng vige pie top mdy tée gi sir dung mut héthdng ba bing ti két hop vei hai cém bién quang khéc nhau. BO xi ly tin higu digu kin cia diy chuyén phan logi mly sir dung PLC S7- 200 CPU 224 thudc ho PLC phé bidn cia Siemens véi nbitu tinh ning uu vigt va gié than rit tt, Mc di 18 md bin dam gién nhung n6 6 thé cho phép ngudi hoe gidi quyét duge mot ‘cao chit lurgng dio (go. ndi dung v8 digu khién te ding. Day fa mét tong nhiing gidi phép quan trong nhlim ning ‘Ti khod: Diéu khién PLC, ma hinh bang tai, md hinh dao tao, phan logi sin phim. LDAT VAN DE Hign nay, phan logi sin pham 1a mét céng doan dugc sir dung rat nbiéu trong thye té san xudt. Khi ding strc ngwdi, céng viée nay ddi héi su tip trung cao va c6 tinh Lp lai nén ngudi thao téc khé dim bao duge sit chinh xéc trong cng vige. Mgt khéc, c6 nhiing yéu clu phan logi dya trén ede yéu cdu ki thuat rit nhé ‘ma mit thudng kh6 ¢6 thé nbn ra. Diéu nay anh huéng rye tiép tdi nding suat va chat lugng san pham. Vi vay, hé théng ty d6ng nhan dang va phan loai san phim ra déi da din dap img dugc nhu cau cp bach nay [4], [6] Bang tai 14 loai thiét bi thudng duge sit dung dé van chuyén céc loai vat ligu theo Phuong ngang va phuong nghiéng, Do bing tit 6 uu diém céu tao don giin, bén ol kha ning vin chuyén da dang nén trong céc day chuyén san xuat, cc thiét bi nay duge str dyng rng rai dé van chuyén nhiéu dang san phim khdc nhau. V6i muc tiéu dao dao nguén nhan lye chat lugng cao dp img duge yéu cau cla ting Dai hoc Lam nghiép, sinh vién ra truémg khong chi nim ving ly thuyét ma cdm phai 6 ky nang nghé nghiép t6t. Vi vay, cin phai diu tu bé sung va hién dai héa céc thiét bj giang eva C6 day, thyc hanh. Tuy nhién, day 14 mét vin 48 tuong déi kh6 khan trong diéu kién co sé vat chat ctia Nha truéng con nhiéu han ché. Trong cae chyong tinh dio 1go tai khoa Ché bién lam san (nginh ché bién Lam si cOng nghé vat ligu), vige gidng day cic mon hoc lién quan dén tinh vuc diéu khién tu déng chua c6 nhiéu thiét bi, mé hinh truc quan cho sinh vin thyc hanh. Van dé nay anh huéng rat I6n dén qué trinh hoe va viée tiép thu kién thite cua sinh vién do mite 46 phite tap ca e&ée mon hoc. Do 6, viéc thiét ké ché tao bd sung céc m6 hinh thuc hanh 18 rat cin thiét. Tuy khong thé thay thé hoan toan viéc mua sim va hién dai hoa thiét bj nhung van c6 thé dim bio duge yéu cu, Két qua nghién ctu 18 mt trong nhing gidi phép higu qua dé nang cao chat lugng dio tao, nghién ciu khoa hoc va g6p phan g6p phan vao su nghiép phat trién chung cia Nha truéng. IL. VAT LIEU, PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN CUU 2.1. Déi twong nghién ciru ‘Thiét ké m6 hinh phan loai sin pham méc dang thanh theo chiéu cao (chiéu day) sit dung. trong dio tao thuc hanh. Mé6 hinh thiét ké bao gdm: + Hé théng 3 bang tai hoat dgng riéng biét 88 TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014ng nghigp rimg - Co edu diy phan loai bing xi lanh khi nén - Hé théng cam bién phat hign vat 2.2. Phuong php nghién ciru - Phuong phap diéu tra: khdo sét thyc té tinh hinh dao tao trong linh vue diéu khién ty déng; céng doan phan loai san phdm trong san xuat; cdu tgo vA nguyén ly hoat dng cia b6 diéu khién PLC phuc vu cho viée hé thong héa sé Tigu ban dau dé thiét ké. - Cac phuong phép tinh toan, thiét ké m6 hinh va céc hé théng wr dng: Sir dung céc phan mém AutoCAD; Solidworks dé thiét ké, mé phéng hoat dng ciia m6 hinh; STEP 7- MicroWIN dé viét chuong trinh diéu khién. + Phuong phép chuyén gia sir dung trong dénh gid, hodn thign cfc két qua nghién ctu IIL KET QUA NGHIEN CUU VA THAO LUAN 3.1. Co sé lya chon mé hinh thiét ké ‘Cac hé théng phan loai sin phim trong thyc té thudng cé mét dic diém chung 1A chi phi cho cdc hé théng nay khé lén, dic biét déi voi diéu kign cua Viét Nam. Vi vay hién nay da so cdc hé théng phan loai tu dong da phan méi chi duge 4p dung trong céc hé théng ¢6 yéu cdu phan loai phite tap, cdn mét Iugng rat lén céc doanh nghiép Viét Nam van str dung truc tiép site luc con ngwdi dé lam viéc. Tay theo dang phan loai sin pham va theo yéu cdu cia nha sn xuat ma thyc té c6 cc hé théng phan loai nhw: phan logi sin phim theo kich thuée; theo mau sic; khdi lugng; ma vach, ‘inh 01. Mé hinh phan logi san pham theo mau séc Trong linh vuc ché bién lim sin 6 Viet Nam, vié dugc 4p dung rdng rai trong san xudt. Thuc té cho thay, c6 rat nhiéu céng doan can duge 4p dung dé tng higu qua va chat lugng sin pham cing nhu dim bao vé van dé an toan lao dong. Cu thé, trong cde may bao gé (may bao cudn; ‘mg dung phan loai san phim chua bao hai mat; bao bén mat) déu c6 yéu cau ve kich thuée khi dua v swt kiém sodt thi dé xay ra sy cé géy mat an toan cho ngudi thao téc va tudi tho ciia thiét bj voi diéu kign thyc té trong linh vuc gia céng gia céng, néu khong c6 . nghién cifu Iya chon mé binh phan loai san phdm theo chiéu cao cho loai san phim 1a gd tu nhién, dang thanh cé chiéu dai cé dinh 1=100 mm. 3.2. Thiét ké két cu cia mé hinh 3.2.1. Yeu cu thiét ké ‘Voi muc tigu [A m6 hinh thye hanh phuc vu dao tao nén khéng thé dép img dugc diy di cA yéu cdu trong thuc té cing nhu cdc diéu kign phan logi phite tap. Tuy nhién, m6 hinh thiét ké phai dim bao mt s6 yéu cau ky thuat chung nhu sau: TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2- 2014 89Céng nghigp rimg - M6 hinh co ban phai phi hop véi nguyén ly phn loai trong thy té; - Lap rp, dau néi va van hanh diéu khién 8 dng; - Str dung cdc vat tu, thiét bi, linh kién thong dung dé dé dang thay thé sita chita; - Dam bao tinh thim my va gon gang. Cac co cu truyén déng, két néi phai dam bao cimg. ving va tudi thg cao. 3.2.2. Lua chon phiong dn thiét ké Trén yéu cdu ky thuat da phan ti tac gid Iya chon phuong dn thiét ké cia md hinh phan loai sir dung bang tai nhw sau: 6 uén - M6 hinh str dung 3 bing tai duge dn dng dgc lap bang 3 déng co riéng biét, trong dé bang tai chinh c6 thé thay déi duge téc d6 - Din dng gitta déng co va bing tai sit dung bé truyén dai - M6 hinh sir dung hai cam bién quang CB va CB2 phat hign vat duge lip & hai d6 cao khéc nhau, san pham cé chiéu dai cé dinh. Si dung hai xi lanh khi nén thye hign abiém vy phan loai, = Str dung b6 diéu khién PLC $7-200 va phan mém STEP 7-MicroWIN dé lip trinh. So 46 nguyén ly dugc mé ta nhu hinh 02: Xilanh 2.” Bang tai 2 Xilanh 4“ Hinh 02. So dé nguyén ly hogt ding ciia ma hinh Khi khoi d6ng hé théng cc bing tai hoat d6ng, sin phim can phan loai duge dua vao bang tai 1 c6 d6 cao khdc nhau. Néu san phim ¢6 46 cao thip hon chiéu cao cia cam bién 1 va cam bién 2 thi cho sin phdm di qua. Khi san pham cé d6 cao cao hon yj tri cam bién 1 thi xi lanh 1 hoat dgng day san pham vao bang tai 2. ‘Truémg hop san pham c6 d6 cao thap hon vj tri cam bién 1 va cao hon vj ti cdm bién 2 thi xi Janh 2 hoat d6ng day san phdm vo bing tai 3 90 3.2.3, Ban vé ché tao mé hinh Dé thiét ké x4y dung m6 hinh téc gia sir dung phan mém CAD (Solidworks 2011) két hop Iya chon cdc chi tiét may 6 trong dé thiét ké téng thé va xay dung cdc ban vé ché tao (theo TCVN) cdc chi tiét may khic (hinh 03). Do m6 hinh c6 kich thudc nho, két céu don gidn va tai trong nhé nén téc gid khdng di tinh toan déng hoc; dng lure hoe va digu kign bén céc chi tiét 1,7. uén thi TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014ng nghigp rimg @) (b) Hinh 03..M6 hinh 3D va ban vé lip cia mo hinh thi ké (a): M6 hinh 3D: 1- san phim, 2- bang tai 1, 3- xi lanh2, 4- xi lanh 3 ‘S- bling tai 2, 6- bling tai 3, 7- cdim bién 2, 8-cdm bién 1. (b): Ban vé lip. 3.3. Thiét ké hé théng diéu khién 3.3.1. Nguyén If hogt dng diéu khién cia mé hinh Khi dn nit khoi dng hé théng, hé théng bat dau lam viéc. Bang tai | hoat déng vai an chuyén san pham, bang tai 2 hoat d6ng sau bang tai 1 thoi gian 5s, bang tai 3 hoat déng sau bang tai 2 thoi gian Ss, ‘Truéng hgp 1: Khi san pham nam trén bang tai 1 6 49 cao thap va khong c6 tin higu t4¢ dng cia cam bién 1 va cam bién 2 (khong cé tin higu tac déng vao cam bién 1 va cim bién 2) thi cho san phim di qua. ‘Trung hop 2: Khi sin phim nam trén bing tai 1 6 d9 cao cao hon vi tri cam bién | (tin higu téc dong vao cam bién 1) thi xi lanh 1 hoat déng day sin phim vio bang tai 2. ‘Trudng hop 3: Khi sin phdm c6 46 cao H thdp hon vi tri bién 2 (tin higu téc dong vio cam bién 2 va khéng tac déng cam bién 1) thi xilanh 2 hoat dgng day san pham vao bang tai 3. 3.3.2, So dé hé thong truyén dong khi nén Theo thiét ké, co cu day phan loai sin phdm duge thyc hign bing hai xi lanh khf nén. So a4 truyén déng duoc mé ta nhu hinh 04: am bién 1 va cao hon vi ti cdm jase — Hinh 04. So dé hé thong khi nén cia co cdu day phan logi 1 én khinén, 2- van loc, 3- van di 4-ng hd do dp sut, S- van phn phi su chinh 4p sud, 5/2, 6 van ti TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2- 2014 1Céng nghigp rimg Hoat d6ng phan loai san pham duge thye hign bang hai xi lanh khi nén mét chiéu, toc 46 day ctia piston duge diéu chinh thi céng bang hai van tiét (6) lau lap dau vao xi lank. Diéu khién hai xi lanh khi nén duge thyc hién bang hai van phan phdi (5) diéu khién dién (van dio chiéu) 3/2 [5] 3.3.3, So dé két néi bp diéu khién PLC va ede thiét bj ngoai vi [9] B6 diéu khién PLC $7-200 CPU 224 6 14 céng vao dinh dia chi tir 10.0 dén 10.7; tir 11.0 dén 11.5 va c6 10 céng ra dinh dia chi tir Q0.0 dén Q0.7; Q1.0 dén Q1.1. Véi yéu cau cia m6 hinh téc gia sit dung céc dia chi YO nhu bang O1 va so dé dau noi céc thiét bj duoc mé ta nhv hinh 05. Bang 01. Dja chi 1/0 sir dung cho mé hinh TT Kihigu Dia chi Mé ta 1 Start 100 Nat khdi dong he thong 2 Stop 10.1 Nit dime he théng 3 Sensor 1 102 cam bién 1 (CBI) 4 Sensor 2 103 cam bién 2 (CB2) 5 DC_Speed 1 10.4 d6 ding co 1 (Speed) 6 — DC_Conveyor 1 00 Bing ai 1 (1) 7 DC_Conveyor 2 0.1 Bing tai 2 (M2) 8 DC_Conveyor3 02 9 DC_Pushi 203 Xilanh 1 (Sol 1) 10 DC_Push 04 Xilanh 2 (Sol 2) Hinh 05. So dé két néi PLC voi ede thiét bj ngogi vi 92 TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014ng nghigp rimg 3.3.4, Liu dé thugt todn va lap trinh diéu khién Tir nguyén ly hoat déng cia mo hinh, hu dé thudt toan duge mé ta nhw hinh 06 (Chwong trinh con nhan 1 a ( Chong trinh * —h ‘con nhin 1 ee ene aie 137= 10 i Khai bio. SMB67=16+DB ‘SMW68= 1000 ‘SMW70=500 PLSQO0 st C= (Choong ich >) Kenai? D ee Khai béo: SMW70=750 Goi CTC PWM Qo.) PLS QO.0 Hinh 06. Linu dé thug todn diéu khién ma hinh BE xéc dinh théi diém céc xi Janh day phdi —_gian tac déng va duge tinh ton dya vio so dé tir khi e6 tin higu téc dng ciia cae cam bién, (hin 07) nhur sau: Chuong trinh sir dung bé Timer dé dat thoi 7 Hinh 07. So dé tink todn thoi gian thye hign phan logi TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2- 2014 93Céng nghigp rimg - Dng co DC c6 m=45 viph; ~ Puly di=50 mm; d:=100 mm - Chiéu dai san phim L,=100 mm; khong céch gitta hai cam bién a=80 mm - Khoding céch L,=600 mm; L.=385 mm Gia thiét céc thi 100%; san pham dat trén bing tai song song voi canh bang tai. Ket qua tinh todn so b6 nhw sau: - $6 vong quay ciia true bang tai Sm, = 22,5 viph 1g tai bj Lam vige véi higu sudt BHU SaAgo A - Thai gian tir lie e6 tin higu dén Iie xi lanh 1 day phéi: L, _600- 1 v 35 = Théi gian tir hic cé tin hiéu dén lic xi lanh 2 day phdi: 14s Fa7hp _ 385-100 Vv 35 Lap tinh PLC duge thye hign trén phan mém STEP 7-MicroWIN tit may tinh va két néi véi b6 diéu khién théng qua céng tuyén thong RS 485 - 322 9. 8s =i o> iti > =) <> Hinh 08. Phan mam l6p trinh va chirong trinh didu khién Hinh 08 gidi thigu phan mém STEP 7- MicroWIN sit dung dé lap tinh va chuong trinh diéu khién, Chuong trinh duge viét trén co sé thuat toén diéu khién cia mé hinh, sir dung mét sé bé timer dé thiét lap cdc thoi diém te dgng ciia céc xi lanh diy phan logi sin pham. IV. KET LUAN Nghién citu thiét ké m6 hinh thiét bi tu d6ng phan loai sin phdm theo chiéu cao dat ra tir thye té san xudt cia mot s6 thiét bi gia cong go higén nay. Nghién ciru da thiét ké va viét chuong trinh diéu khién tg dung PLC $7-200 CPU 224 phan loai sin phim sir dung hé théng cdc bang tai. C6 thé phin loai duge 3 sin phim cé kich thuéc khéc nhau (chiéu cao nhé nhat 14 10 mm ‘ya cao nhat 1a 40mm) phy thuée vao viée digu chinh vi tri cao d6 ca cde cam bién. ‘Vé6i muc tiéu chinh 1A phuc vu dao tao, m6. 94 TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2 - 2014ng nghigp rimg hinh duge thiét ké don gin, d@ chinh xée chua cao nhung van hoan toan dap ung duge mét s6 n@i dung thyc hanh trong linh vyc diéu khién tw dong. Day 1& mot trong nhing gidi phap higu qua dé nang cao chat long dao tao, nghién ctru khoa hoc trong diéu kién hién nay. TAI LIEU THAM KHAO, 1. Nguyén Thj Xun Biy, Ninh Dife Tén (2003). Gido trinh dung sai lip ghép va KS thudt do ledng. Nxb Gigo duc, Ha Néi. 2. Trinh Chit, Lé Van Uyén (2008). Tinh todn shit ké he dn ding ca khi TL, T2. Nxb Gio duc, HA NG 3. Pham Vain Hoi (chi bién) (2006). Két cd shep vat cde kign ca bin, Nxb khoa hoe & kY thust, Ha NGi 4, Hoing Nguyén et al, 2006). Te déng hod srong ché bién g6 va lam sin. Nxb Nong nghigp, Ha Néi 5. Nguyén Ngoo Phuong (1998). Hé thdng didu Khién biing khi nén. Nxb Gigo duc, Ha Néi. 6, Nguyén Xudn Quinh, Trin Vin Dich (2007), Ung lung PLC trong he thang phan loa sin phd, Lvin va, ‘Thgc s¥ DH Bach Khoa Ha N6i, Ha Néi. 7. Neuyén Hang Thi (2006). Ung dung Solidworks trong this ké co Kh. Nxb koa he & kj thust, HA Ni 8. Hoang Vigt (2012), May va thiét bj ché bid 6. NXBNN, Ha 9. Siemens, Controller, This 6£87298-SEA01-8BHO. Simatic $7-200 Programmable manual has the order number: MODELING OF CONVEYOR SORTING PRODUCT BY HEIGHT WITH CONTROL USING A PLC FOR TRAINING Tran Cong Chi SUMMARY ‘The classification of products is a critical requirement in the industry to replace humans; especially classify products according to many different criteria. There have been many models can sort products according to simple criteria classification such as by magnetism, by color, or by weight. Design and application « PLC (Programmable logic control) to control the conveyor model sorting products by height is the main content of this article, The model consists of mechanical module and control module. In order to do this complicated task, we use three conveyor belts combined with two optical sensors. The signal control processor for this system is Siemens PLC $7-200 CPU 224 which belong to the popular Siemens PLC family with many features. Although this model is simple system, students can solve some practices of automatic process control. This is ‘one of the important solutions to increase quality of training Keywords: Conveyor model, PLC control, sorting product, training model Ngudi phan bign: TS. Hoang Vigt Ngay nhdn bai 11022014 Neay nhan phan bign ; 07/05/2014 Ngay quyét dinh ding : 10/06/2014 TAP CHi KHOA HQC VA CONG NGHE LAM NGHIEP SO 2- 2014 95