READ 4000:

Connecting Theory & Practice in K-12 Literacy Instruction

Annotated Bibliography Template Part 2

My K-12 literacy instruction inquiry question with a DEI lens: Reading Comprehension using Multicultural Literature. DEI is related to this
topic by focusing on selecting text that target different cultures and while also incorporating students’ cultural backgrounds into their reading
comprehension.
How is equity, diversity, and inclusion central to this question? Literacy is central in this topic as students are using multicultural literature
while learning how to comprehend text.
My questions about this literacy question specific to equity, diversity, and inclusion are:
- Does the use of multicultural literature increase reading comprehension?
- Does cultural diversity influence learning?
- Are teachers creating a safe place to promote diversity in the classroom?
- Does the use of multicultural literature create a more inclusive classroom atmosphere?
- Does curriculum focus on diverse learners?
- What role can culture have on reading comprehension?

I hope to learn about the question: I hope to learn different strategies and implementation methods to use when teaching about different cultures.
I also would like to know the best types of text to use for different grades. I want to give my students the freedom to learn about their own cultures
as well as their peers.
How would I explain this literacy question and the importance of equity, diversity, and inclusion to someone who is not an educator? I
would explain this literacy topic and the importance of equity, diversity, and inclusion to someone who is not an educator as “Using multicultural
literature when teaching reading comprehension means including text that targets different cultures, backgrounds, and ethnicities. This means
students will get to learn different perspectives and become culturally educated. This creates a more inclusive classroom environment”.
Why is this literacy question from a lens of equity, diversity, and inclusion important for educators to know? This topic is important for
educators to know because literature is a great way to teach diversity, equity and inclusion in the classroom. Students feel valued and seen when
they read text that focuses on their own cultures. It also teaches them about other cultures so they can better understand their peers. It also gives
them a wider range of understanding and comprehending different types of literature.

Source APA formatted source (& LINK to article or Write a 3-4 sentence summary of the Write a 2-3 sentence evaluation of the
website) article in your own words. Name the type source in your own words about why
of resource: Research article, Practitioner this source is important to your K-12
article, website literacy instruction topic.

1 Kibler, K., & Chapman, L.A. (2019). Six tips for Practitioner article This source is important to my literacy
using culturally relevant texts in This article explains how the use of instruction topic because it provides
multicultural text can help readers better evidence of how multicultural text can
diverse classrooms. The Reading

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Connecting Theory & Practice in K-12 Literacy Instruction

Teacher, 72(6), 741–744. https://doi.org comprehend text because they can draw improve reading comprehension. It
/10.1002/trtr.1775 from their background knowledge to make includes six tips for implementing
predictions and inferences. These culturally relevant texts in the
culturally text also promote engagement classroom.
and a love for reading. A quote from this
article states “using student culture as the
basis for helping students understand
themselves and others”. Reading this
cultural relevant text overall make students
better readers.

2 Kelly-Howard, K.S. (2021). Lessons learned
from a review of diverse literature in
the reading teacher (2015–2020). Read
Teach, 75(1), 51–60. https://doi.org/10.
1002/trtr.2015
Research article
This was a review of multiple articles
where teachers used multicultural text with
diverse characters. Reading these texts
promotes acceptance of cultural
differences and can helps students discover
their own cultural identities. Students are
able to discuss and comprehend how these
texts are relevant. It suggests that teachers
need to provide books that allow students
to engage in text with various cultures.
This article is important to my literacy
instruction topic because it provides
research on how to incorporate
culturally relevant text into the
classroom. As well as the outcomes of
students when they read and
comprehend these types of text.

3 Bennett, S.V., Gunn, A.A.,
& Peterson, B.J. (2021). Access to
multicultural children’s literature
during COVID-19. Read
Teach, 74(6), 785–796. https://doi.org/
10.1002/trtr.2003
Research article
This article explains how educators can
support students access to multicultural
literature outside of the classroom and how
to offer literacy instruction at home to
students and their families. A quote from
this article states “it is essential to provide
students with literature that is age
appropriate and relevant to their lives and
interest to increase achievement and
motivation to read”. This quote
summarizes how important it is to provide
students with the access to multicultural
This article is important to my literacy
instruction topic because it reaches out
past the classroom and provides ways to
continue literacy instruction at home. It
also explains how important it is for
students to have access to multicultural
text. As well as a book delivery that was
set up during Covid-19 to help provide
books to students.

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Connecting Theory & Practice in K-12 Literacy Instruction

text. They provided an example of a

“Postcard and Parent Interview” for
parents to monitor how well their child
was comprehending what they were
reading. This is how literacy instruction
can be supported at home, outside the
classroom.

4 Chaghervand, S. M., & Bintz, W. (2021). Using
paired text of multicultural literature
to create welcoming classrooms for all
students. Ohio Journal of English
Language Arts, 61(1), 35–47.
https://web.p.ebscohost.com/ehost/d
etail/detail?vid=3&sid=096e2eba-dfb1-
4b22-b70b-
892dc788f355%40redis&bdata=JkF1d
GhUeXBlPWlwLHNoaWImc2l0ZT1laG9
zdC1saXZlJnNjb3BlPXNpdGU
%3d#db=ehh&AN=152945763
Practitioner article
This article focuses on using paired
multicultural text to create a welcoming
classroom environment. When students
use text that relates to their cultural
background it promotes better reading
outcomes. Students can become part of
discussions of different cultures and use
their own experiences to comprehend text
and make inferences.
This article is important to my literacy
instruction topic because it provides
examples of how to create a safe
environment for students. As well as
how to incorporate diverse text into
everyday reading.

5 Mandarani, V., Retnaningdyah, P., & Mustofa,
A. (2024). Employing multicultural
literature by practicing multiliteracies
in the extensive reading
classroom. Pegem Journal of Education
& Instruction / Pegem Egitim ve
Ögretim, 14(2), 297–308.
https://doi.org/10.47750/pegegog.14.0
2.34
Research article This article is important to my literacy
This article is based off research done on instruction topic because it provides
different steps to teaching multicultural steps on how to teach multicultural
literature in the classroom. Including literature in the classroom. It promotes
teacher instruction, guided reading, critical critical thinking and reflection. Students
thinking skills, connecting texts, growing are doing more than just reading a book.
mastery, reflective practice and lastly
assessment. It provides check list for how
teachers can implement culturally relevant
text into the classroom. This type of
instruction increases students critical
thinking skills.

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6 Clark, A., & Fleming, J. (2019). “They almost
become the teacher”: Pre-K to third-grade
teachers’ experiences reading and discussing
culturally relevant texts with their
students. Reading Horizons, 58(3), 23–51.
Practitioner article This is an important article for my
Culturally relevant texts are books that literacy instruction topic because it
students can make deep personal explains why CRTs are so important for
connections, and which main characters reading comprehension. Evidence shows
remind them of themselves and families. that reading CRTs has a positive effect
CRTs are a great component to texting text on reading comprehension and
to self when students are learning how to engagement.
connect with a text. Teachers can create
questions that promote higher level
thinking and overall improve reading
comprehension. This article states “there is
a positive association between prior
knowledge for the topic of a text and
reading comprehension”. Therefore, the
use of multicultural text can improve
reading comprehension because students
are able to relate to the text.

7 Reading Rockets. (n.d.). Reading without walls:
A nationwide program celebrating
reading and Diversity. Reading Rockets.
https://www.readingrockets.org/topics/
childrens-books/articles/reading-
without-walls-nationwide-program-
celebrating-reading-and
Website
This website focuses on exploring books
about characters who look differently as
well as topics that are unknown to you.
Reading unfamiliar and diverse texts is a
great way for students to open their mind
to new people, places and things. It allows
them to connect to their peers and
appreciate differences.
This article is important for my literacy
instruction topic because it explains how
important it is for students to reach past
the walls of reading. Students need to
read diverse text to make connections
and better comprehend the world around
them.

Based on your reading and the sources in your AB, what recommendations have the authors made that you would include in your
classroom implementation of this literacy question specific to equity, diversity, and inclusion (this will guide your implementation plan)?
One of the main recommendations that I would include in my classroom is creating a safe and positive environment for my students. I also
think to teach multicultural literature I need to learn more about my own culture as well as learn about every one of my students. This will help me
be able to select text that is appropriate for my students. I also think it’s important to not make assumptions when I’m selecting text for my
students and not select books with stereotypes. One article suggests having students pick out their own text to make connection to their own lives.
I think this would be a great idea once students have had more reading experience. As well as lead student centered discussions and creating

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projects where students get to display their own cultures and experiences. Learn how to alter literacy practices to teach culturally responsive
teaching if curriculum is not supporting diversity.

What resources and materials would you need to have in your classroom to implement these recommendations specific to equity,
diversity, and inclusion (these will guide the additional web resources you will collect)?
To create a safe and inclusive environment I would need to have activities to learn about my students and also have a place in the
classroom they can go when they feel overwhelmed. I need to do extend research on where to find culturally relevant text. I would also like to
arrange my classroom in groups so students can be encouraged to discuss their thoughts with one another. As well as have thought out and specific
lesson plans to encourage higher thinking. I need to fill my classroom library with a diverse selection for my students.

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