2023-2

MAA/MAA/MHA

UNIVERSITY OF
TURKISH AERONAUTICAL ASSOCIATION
AERONAUTICAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
AEE 211 FLUID MECHANICS
HOMEWORK 5
1. Water flows steadily through the Venturi meter, which is shown in the figure. The
velocity in the pipe is 3 m/s. The cross-sectional areas of the pipe and throat of the
Venturi meter are 0.05 m2 and 0.03 m2, respectively. The densities of water and
mercury are 1000 kg/m3 and 13600 kg/m3, respectively. Neglecting the surface
tension and the viscosity, determine
a) the velocity at the throat of the Venturi meter and
b) the rise of the mercury column, h.
(Ans. a) 5 m/s; b) 0.06472 m)

Water

h
Mercury

Problem 1

2. Water flowing at a volumetric flow rate of 0.2 m3/s splits equally into two branches,
as shown in the figure. The gage pressure at the inlet is 200 kPa. Neglecting all losses,
determine
a) the gage pressures at sections 2 and 3 and
b) the angle  so that there is no force exerted in the y-direction.
(Ans. a) 50 kPa, 147.9 kPa; b) 18.470)
 A2 = 0.005 m2

A1 = 0.02 m2
2 y
Q2
Q1
Q3 x

1 3
300
A3 = 0.007 m2

Problem 2

3. A Venturi meter with a throat diameter of 0.125 m is connected to a pipe with a

diameter of 0.2 m, as shown in the figure. The mercury manometer shows a
deflection of 0.865 m. The densities of water and mercury are 1000 kg/m3 and 13600
kg/m3, respectively. Determine the
a) velocity at the throat and
b) volumetric flow rate.
(Ans. a) 15.89 m/s; b) 0.195 m3/s)

0.2 m 0.125 m

Water

0.865 m
Mercury

Problem 3

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4. A cylindrical tank with a cross-sectional area of A1 is filled with an inviscid liquid to
a height of 25 m, as shown in the figure. The liquid leaves the tank through a hole
with a cross-sectional area of A2 = 0.04A1 which is located at the bottom of the tank.
Neglecting the unsteady effects, determine the time required for the height of the
liquid to drop to 10 m. (Ans. 20.73 s)

A1

25 m

10 m
A2

Problem 4

5. A suction device is arranged, as shown in the figure. Determine the volumetric flow
rate through the main pipe at the instant at which the suction will begin. The fluid is
incompressible and the friction can be neglected. The external atmospheric pressure

2gh
is uniform throughout. (Ans. A1 A2 )
A  A12
2
2

Area, A1 Area, A2

Jet

h p = patm
Suction
pipe
a
g

Problem 5

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6. A pump takes water from a reservoir and discharges it to an elevation which is 30 m
higher than the surface of the reservoir, as shown in the figure. The frictional losses
in the piping are given by kV2/2g, where V is the velocity in the pipe and k is the head
loss coefficient. The contraction coefficient at the pipe discharge is 1.0. The relation
between the total head rise across the pump, hs, and the volumetric flow rate of the
pump, Q, is shown in the figure. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3. If the pipe
diameter is 0.1 m and k = 20, determine
a) the volumetric flow rate through the pump and
b) the power required to drive the pump.
The efficiency of the pump is 70 percent.
(Ans. a) 0.02047 m3/s; b) 10.69 kW)

V hs (m)

60
Pump
30 m
30

0 Q (m3/s)
0 0.027 0.054

Problem 6

7. The hydraulic system of a space shuttle consists of two closed reservoirs, which are
connected by a pipe with a cross-sectional area of 0.002 m2. The pressure in the upper
and lower reservoirs is 300 kPa and 600 kPa, respectively. The hydraulic oil with a
density of 800 kg/m3 is to be pumped at a volumetric flow rate of 0.005 m3/s from
the upper reservoir to the lower one by means of a pump with an efficiency of 75
percent. The elevation difference between the two reservoirs is 6 m. The overall head
loss coefficient for the pipe is 10. Determine the power required by the pump, when
the space shuttle accelerates upwards of with an acceleration of 4g. (Ans. 597 W)

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 Space
4g shuttle

Pipe
6m g

Pump

Problem 7

8. The pump, which is shown in the figure, pumps 0.027 m3/s of water from the
reservoir through the pipe and nozzle assembly. The flow is frictionless except for
the nozzle, which has a velocity coefficient of 0.8. The contraction coefficient of the
nozzle is 1.0. The elevations of the various stations, which are indicated in the figure,
are z1 = 3 m, z2 = 1.5 m and z3 = z4 = z5 = 2.4 m. The cross-sectional areas of the pipe
and nozzle are A2 = A3 = A4 = 0.009 m2 and A5 = 0.0027 m2. Determine the
a) pump head,
b) power required to drive the pump, which has an efficiency of 70 percent
and
c) lengths h1 and h2.
(Ans a) 7.364 m; b) 2.787 kW; c) 2.541 m, 9.905 m)

9. The discharge of a turbine installation is 30 m below the water level of the dam, as
shown in the figure. The velocity of the water jet at the exit of the nozzle is 10 m/s.
The head loss coefficient in the piping is 3. The cross-sectional areas of the pipe and
nozzle exit are 0.05 m2 and 0.01 m2, respectively. The velocity and contraction
coefficients of the nozzle are 0.80 and 0.95, respectively. The density of water is
1000 kg/m3. If the efficiency of the turbine is 70 percent, determine
a) the head absorbed by the turbine and

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 b) the power developed by the turbine.
(Ans. a) 21.48 m; b) 14.01 kW)

3 4 5
Reservoir
p = patm
z1 Pump h2 Nozzle
h1
z3 = z4 = z5

2 z2

Problem 8

30 m
Turbine

10 m/s

Problem 9

10. The set-up, which is shown in the figure, is used for evaluating the performance of
an axial flow fan. The velocity distribution at the inlet of the duct is given as
u = umax(1 - r2/R2) and a Pitot tube is installed for the measurement of the maximum
velocity, umax, at the centerline of the tube. The densities of water, alcohol and air are

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 1000 kg/m3, 800 kg/m3 and 1.2 kg/m3, respectively. Neglect the losses across the fan.
Determine
a) the volumetric flow rate,
b) the pressure difference across the fan,
c) the power delivered by the fan and
d) the frictional head loss in the duct.
(Ans a) 1.212 m3/s; b) 979.8 Pa; c) 1188 W; d) 95.26 m)

patm Flow
0.45 m 0.3 m patm
Fan
Alcohol 0.09 m
0.1 m Water

Problem 10

QUIZ 8 BASED ON THIS HOMEWORK (PROBLEMS 1 TO 5) WILL BE GIVEN

ON MAY 07, 2024 AT 8:20 a.m.