LRUT G4mini Casestudies

CASE STUDIES
LONG RANGE SCREENING
This case study demonstrates the capability of

the Wavemaker® System to screen long lengths of
pipework from a single location.
Job Details
• Main gas gathering line
• 20” schedule 40
• Uncoated pipe surface
• Desert Terrain
An overview of the 20” main gas gathering line.

Main Findings
• Up to 230m coverage from a single test point
• Some weld misalignments were highlighted
• No corrosion was found within the test range
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 EFC Inflatable Ring Guided wave testing can screen under sliding and
clamped supports.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
Email : info@guided-ultrasonics.com
Guided Ultrasonics Ltd.
Website : www.guided-ultrasonics.com
Tel: +44 845 605 0227 Wavemaker House,
The Ham, Brentford, TW8 8HQ
©2016 Guided Ultrasonics Ltd. All rights reserved.
2016CaseStudy1_rev0
United Kingdom
C-SCAN SCREENING
This case study demonstrates the capabilities of

the C-Scan, which is a synthetic focusing tool to
determine the axial position and circumferential
orientation of defects and pipe features.
Job Details
• 10” Natural gas line

• Painted pipe surface
• Pipe resting on simple supports
The view of the test pipe in the backward direction.
Main Findings
• Isolated pitting was found at two locations with-

in the test range
• The C-scan plot provides precise circumferential
orientation of the defects for further prove up
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 EFC Inflatable Ring

The view of the test pipe in the forward direction.
12 o’clock 6 o’clock
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy2_rev0
United Kingdom
SCREENING OVERHEAD PIPE
Many sections of pipework within petrochemical

plants are located high above the ground where
they cross roadways or other pipe racks. Guided
wave testing offers a unique solution to minimise
access cost.
Job Details
• 4” Hydrogen gas line

• Work at height (mobile scaffolding)
An overview of the piping at the jump-over location
Main Findings
• Overhead section inspected from a single test

location
• No significant defect found within the test range
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 EFC Solid Ring

View of the test location on the overhead pipe
Clock position
Amplitude (linear)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy3_rev0
United Kingdom
EARTH WALL TESTING
Earth walls are a common feature in petrochemical

plants and tank farms where corrosion is often
located at the soil/air interface.
Job Details
• 14” light crude line
• Bitumen coating within the buried section
• Wall section is 2.3m wide
An overview of the pipe at the earth penetration

Main Findings
• Soil/air interface and buried section inspected

• Medium (Category 2) corrosion identified at the
entrance location
• Defect axial position and circumferential
orientation highlighted for follow up and repair
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 Inflatable Ring

Corrosion patch detected at the entrance location.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy4_rev0
United Kingdom
SLUG CATCHER INSPECTION
Gas pipelines have typically used “Slug Catchers“

to dissipate the energy of the liquid slugs that
intermittently propagate through a gas pipeline.
Job Details
• 48” pipe diameter
• Ring Combination (20” and 24” Inflatable Ring)
• Work at Height (Mobile Scaffolding)
An overview of the “Slug Catchers“ manifold.

Main Findings
• Entire “Finger“ was inspected from a single

location
• No significant defect found within the test range
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 Inflatable Rings A “Slug Catcher“ being inspected by a 48” combined

inflatable ring.
Clock position
Amplitude (linear)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy6_rev0
United Kingdom
CORROSION UNDER PIPE SUPPORTS(CUPS)
Corrosion under pipe supports (CUPS) is a common

problem encountered in pipelines, especially those
subject to highly corrosive marine environments.
Job Details
• 8” Loading line
• Pipe resting on simple supports
• History of corrosion at support locations
An overview of the 8” pipe under inspection.

Main Findings
• Four support locations were screened within the
test range
• Three of the support locations were found to be
corroded and their severity categorised
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G4 HD Inflatable Ring A close up view of a corrosion under a simple support

located by interpreting the guided wave test results.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy7_rev0
United Kingdom
WALL PENETRATIONS
Wall penetrations are a common feature within oil

and chemical plants to control spillage of products,
or as pipe anchors.
Job Details
• 16” Crude Oil line
• Spiral wrap insulation
• Concrete anchor supports
Main Findings
Guided wave testing of concrete anchor location on a
• HD ring increases the sensitivity in defect 16” oil line using a HD inflatable ring.
detection
• HD ring reduces the influence of the interface
• Severe defect was identified at the interface
location, 1.5m from the ring
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G4 HD Inflatable Ring

A corrosion patch found at the interface location.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
2016CaseStudy11_rev0
United Kingdom
DETECTION OF WELD DEFECT
With the advanced interpretation tools such as

frequency sweeping and C-Scan, welds can be
screened for defects as part of the guided wave
inspection.
Job Details
• 3” Gas line
• Painted surface
Main Findings
A close up view of the defected weld with lack of root
• Weld defect was positively identified using penetration which is visually unobservable.
standard tools available in the WaveproTM
software
• Subsequent prove up using Radiographic
Testing (RT) confirms a 85% lack of root
penetration at positions reported in the unrolled
pipe display
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G3 EFC Solid Ring A radiograph of the defected weld with lack of root
penetration confirmed by the dark circumferential line.
Weld Defect Good Weld
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
United Kingdom
CORROSION WHITIN SLUDGE
Deposits, such as sludge, can often be found

in sporadic positions along pipelines, resulting
in accelerated localised corrosion promoted by
different mechanisms, like microbiologically-
influenced corrosion (MIC).
Sludge
Job Details
• 8” High Pressure Gas line
• Painted surface
Main Findings
The side view of the RT result at the corresponding
• Clear indication of severe internal corrosion in severe defect location.
the GWT data
• Extra attenuation is caused by the sludge inside
the pipe
• RT result confirms clusters of deep pits located
at the bottom of the pipe
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G4 EFC Inflatable Ring The top view of the RT result at the severe defect
location which reveals clusters of deep pits.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
United Kingdom
INTERNAL CORROSION
The GUL Wavemaker® utilises wave modes that

energise the entire volume of the pipe, therefore it
is ideal for the detection of internal corrosion.
Job Details
• 6” crude oil line
• Non-painted surface
• Desert terrain with no pipe supports
• Partially buried in sand
An overview of 6” flow line.

Main Findings
• Over 20m of pipe was inspected from a single
location
• Several locations of internal corrosion were
positively identified.
• B-Scan prove up confirms the defect severity
Equipment:
Wavemaker® G4 Inflatable Ring B-Scan prove up at the severe defect location which
confirms the internal corrosion.
Clock position
Amplitude (dB)
Distance (m)
United Kingdom

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CASE STUDIES

LONG RANGE SCREENING

This case study demonstrates the capability of

An overview of the 20” main gas gathering line.

This case study demonstrates the capabilities of

• 10” Natural gas line

The view of the test pipe in the backward direction.

• Isolated pitting was found at two locations with-

Wavemaker® G3 EFC Inflatable Ring

Many sections of pipework within petrochemical

• 4” Hydrogen gas line

• Overhead section inspected from a single test

Wavemaker® G3 EFC Solid Ring

Earth walls are a common feature in petrochemical

An overview of the pipe at the earth penetration

• Soil/air interface and buried section inspected

Wavemaker® G3 Inflatable Ring

Gas pipelines have typically used “Slug Catchers“

An overview of the “Slug Catchers“ manifold.

• Entire “Finger“ was inspected from a single

Wavemaker® G3 Inflatable Rings A “Slug Catcher“ being inspected by a 48” combined

Corrosion under pipe supports (CUPS) is a common

An overview of the 8” pipe under inspection.

Wavemaker® G4 HD Inflatable Ring A close up view of a corrosion under a simple support

Wall penetrations are a common feature within oil

Wavemaker® G4 HD Inflatable Ring

With the advanced interpretation tools such as

Deposits, such as sludge, can often be found

The GUL Wavemaker® utilises wave modes that

An overview of 6” flow line.

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