Test Bank for Introduction to Criminal

Justice 14th Edition Siegel

Go to download the full and correct content document:
https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-criminal-justice-14th-edi
tion-siegel/
More products digital (pdf, epub, mobi) instant
download maybe you interests ...

Test Bank for Introduction to Criminal Justice, 14th

Edition, Larry J. Siegel John L. Worrall

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-
criminal-justice-14th-edition-larry-j-siegel-john-l-worrall/

Test Bank for Introduction to Criminal Justice, 15th

Edition

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-
criminal-justice-15th-edition/

Test Bank for Essentials of Criminal Justice 9th

Edition Larry J Siegel Download

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-essentials-of-
criminal-justice-9th-edition-larry-j-siegel-download/

Test Bank for Introduction to Law Enforcement and

Criminal Justice, 10th Edition : Hess

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-
law-enforcement-and-criminal-justice-10th-edition-hess/
Test Bank for Courts and Criminal Justice in America,
3rd Edition, Larry J Siegel, Frank Schmalleger, John L.
Worrall

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-courts-and-
criminal-justice-in-america-3rd-edition-larry-j-siegel-frank-
schmalleger-john-l-worrall/

Test Bank for Criminal Justice A Brief Introduction

12th Edition by Schmalleger

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-criminal-justice-
a-brief-introduction-12th-edition-by-schmalleger/

Test Bank for Introduction to Criminal Justice Systems,

Diversity, and Change, 3rd Edition, Callie Marie
Rennison, Mary Dodge,

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-
criminal-justice-systems-diversity-and-change-3rd-edition-callie-
marie-rennison-mary-dodge/

Test Bank for Introduction to Criminal Justice Practice

and Process, 4th Edition, Kenneth J. Peak Tamara D.
Madensen-Herold

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-introduction-to-
criminal-justice-practice-and-process-4th-edition-kenneth-j-peak-
tamara-d-madensen-herold/

Test Bank for Criminal Procedure for the Criminal

Justice Professional, 11th Edition : Ferdico

https://testbankmall.com/product/test-bank-for-criminal-
procedure-for-the-criminal-justice-professional-11th-edition-
ferdico/
 ANS: B REF: p. 6 OBJ: 1

4. What are the three main components into which the contemporary criminal justice sys-
tem is generally divided?
A. Law enforcement, the courts, and the legislature
B. The courts, the correctional system, and the legislature
C. Law enforcement, the courts, and the correctional system
D. Law enforcement, the correctional system, and the legislature

ANS:C REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4

5. Because some individuals are so dangerous that must be outlawed outright or regu-
lated, the contemporary criminal justice society uses the instrument known as:
A. Social Media
B. Social Report
C. Social Control
D. Social Adjustment

ANS:C REF: p. 7 OBJ: 4

6. The criminal justice system is vast, employing more than 2.4 million people and cost-
ing federal, state and local governments about ______ per year, up more than 300%
since 1982.
A. $100 million
B. $200 million
C. $100 billion
D. $200 billion

ANS: D REF: p. 9 OBJ: 5

7. Which of the following is false about corrections in the United States?

A. Though crime has declined for most of the past decade, the correctional popula-
tion continues to grow.
B. Approximately 1.5 million juveniles are handled in juvenile courts each year.
C. More than 7 million people are under some form of correctional supervision.
D. It costs approximately $10,000 per year to incarcerate an inmate.

ANS: D REF: p. 12 OBJ:5

8. Which of the following is an extralegal factor?

A. The seriousness of the charge
B. The age of the offender

12
 C. The available evidence surrounding the offense
D. The suspect’s prior record

ANS: B REF: p. 12 OBJ:5

9. Which of the following is false regarding the scope of the criminal justice system?
A. There are over 2 million individuals employed across the various branches of the
criminal justice system.
B. In law enforcement alone, there are more than 1 million individuals employed.
C. There are 50,000 courts across the United States.
D. There are approximately 1200 correctional institutions across the country, employ-
ing about half a million individuals

ANS: C REF: p. 10-12 OBJ: 5

10. In procedural order, which of the following comes first in the formal criminal justice
process?
A. Bail
B. Preliminary hearing
C. Plea bargain
D. Post release

ANS: B REF: p. 14-17 OBJ:6

11. The role of police officers involves primarily the first four stages of the formal crimi-
nal justice procedures. In order, what are these steps?
A. Initial contact, arrest, charging, custody
B. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, charging
C. Initial contact, investigation, arrest, custody
D. Initial contact, arrest, investigation, charging

ANS: C REF: p. 12-15 OBJ: 6

12. When the police want to interrogate or question a suspect, the office must first advise
the suspect of his/her rights. This is called a (n):
A. Miranda warning
B. Information
C. Charging
D. Questioning after advisement

ANS:A REF p. 13 OBJ:6

13. Which of the following is false about the grand jury?

A. It can protect citizens from false prosecution.
B. It was created in 12th- century England.

13
 C. Every state uses the grand jury system.
D. It is comprised of between 12 and 23 persons.

ANS: C REF: p. 17 OBJ:6

14. At what stage of the formal criminal justice process does the defendant enter a plea of
guilty or not guilty?
A. Arraignment
B. Criminal trial
C. Preliminary hearing
D. Bail hearing

ANS: A REF: p. 15 OBJ:6

15. Who is not a part of the courtroom work group?

A. Prosecutor
B. Defense attorney
C. Bail bondman
D. Judge

ANS: C REF: p. 19 OBJ:6

16. Which of the following crimes would be placed in the top layer (Layer I) of the crimi-
nal justice "wedding cake"?
A. A noted celebrity is arrested for shooting her bodyguard
B. A burglary occurs at a local bar
C. An individual is arrested for public drunkenness
D. A first-time offender assaults a friend

ANS: A REF: p. 19-21 OBJ: 8

17. Which of the following is false regarding Herbert Packer’s notion of the criminal jus-
tice process as an assembly-line?
A. Criminal justice is seen as a screening process where each stage is a decision point.
B. Each of these decisions can have a critical impact on the defendant, the justice sys-
tem, and society.
C. Most people who commit crime are punished for their crime.
D. The criminal justice system suffers from congestion.

ANS: C REF: p. 16-17 OBJ: 7

14
18. Offenders at Level _____ of the “wedding cake” model of criminal justice have typi-
cally committed a serious offense and will receive a prison term, however will not gar-
ner much media attention.
A. I
B. II
C. III
D. IV

ANS: B REF: p. 19-21 OBJ: 8

19. Which justice perspective holds that the proper role of the justice system is to prevent
crime through the judicious use of criminal sanctions, and demands an efficient system
that hands out tough sanctions to those who violate the law?
A. Crime control
B. Rehabilitation
C. Due process
D. Equal justice

ANS: A REF: p. 21-22 OBJ: 9

20. The ________ perspective sees the justice system as a mechanism of caring for and
treating people who cannot manage themselves, and assumes people are at the mercy
of social, economic, and interpersonal conditions.
A. Crime control
B. Rehabilitation
C. Due process
D. Equal justice

ANS: B REF: p. 22-23 OBJ: 9

21. Between 1976 and 1999, 566 people were executed in the United States and 82 indi-
viduals awaiting execution were exonerated. This is a ratio of 1 individual freed for
every 7 individuals executed. Such serious errors in the criminal justice system are of
concern to advocates of the _______ perspective.
A. Crime control
B. Rehabilitation
C. Due process
D. Justice

ANS: C REF: p. 24 OBJ:9

15
22. If you believe in the concept of “just desserts”, which justice perspective do you fa-
vor?
A. Restorative justice
B. Equal justice
C. Due process
D. Rehabilitation

ANS: B REF: p. 26 OBJ:9

23. If you were concerned about the potentially stigmatizing effect of community notifica-
tion laws on sexual offenders, you would be part of the ______ perspective.
A. Rehabilitation
B. Nonintervention
C. Equal justice
D. Restorative justice

ANS: B REF: p. 24-25 OBJ: 9

24. Truth-in-sentencing laws are an aspect of which justice system perspective?

A. Crime control
B. Due process
C. Equal justice
D. Rehabilitation

ANS: C REF: p. 26 OBJ:9

25. Which of the following justice perspectives holds that the true purpose of the criminal
justice system is to promote a peaceful and just society?
A. Rehabilitation
B. Nonintervention
C. Equal justice
D. Restorative justice

ANS: D REF: p. 26-27 OBJ: 9

26. Which justice perspective would advocate diversion programs or mediation programs
for juvenile offenders?
A. Due process
B. Crime control
C. Rehabilitation
D. Equal justice

ANS: C REF: p. 22-23 OBJ: 9

16
27. Advocates of which justice perspective would advocate for decriminalization of mari-
juana?
A. Rehabilitation
B. Equal justice
C. Nonintervention
D. Crime control

ANS: C REF: p. 24-25 OBJ: 9

28. Which justice perspective views crime as a community-level problem?

A. Rehabilitation
B. Equal justice
C. Restorative justice
D. Crime control

ANS: C REF: p. 26-27 OBJ:9

29. Ethical issues surface in all parts of the justice system. Why are ethical standards so
important in criminal justice?
A. Without ethical decision making, it is possible that individual civil rights and lib-
erties would suffer.
B. Agents of the criminal justice system have access to citizens' most personal infor-
mation, raising concerns of privacy and confidentiality.
C. Justice system personnel may work in an environment where moral ambiguity is
widespread.
D. Ethical standards are important in the justice system for all these reasons.

ANS: D REF: p. 29-34 OBJ:10

30. What is considered the primary ethical concern of prosecutors?

A. The adversarial system of justice in the United States.
B. Handling both the aggravating and mitigating circumstances of the crime.
C. Their dual role as representative of the people and officer of the court.
D. Discretion and morality

ANS: C REF: p. 32 OBJ:10

17
31. Which courtroom work group member experiences the ethical concern of having obli-
gations to his/her client and the profession?
A. Defense attorney
B. Prosecutor
C. Judge
D. Bail bondsman

ANS: A REF: p. 32 OBJ:10

32. What percentage of incidents of sexual violence in prison involved staff-on-inmate

sexual misconduct?
A. 10%
B. 20%
C. 40%
D. 75%

ANS: C REF: p. 32 OBJ:10

33. What was the first police agency?

A. Los Angeles Police Department
B. London Metropolitan Police
C. New York Police Department
D. Paris Metropolitan Police

ANS: B REF: p. 5 OBJ: 3

34. Using evidence justice, what does the research say about school-based drug education
programs?
A. The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to be spotty
at best.
B. The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to be highly
effective.
C. The track record of school-based drug education programs has proven to fail.
D. There has been no research on school-based drug education programs.

ANS: A REF: p. 7 OBJ: 3

35. Which of the following is society’s instrument of social control?

A. Prisons
B. Schools
C. Families
D. The Criminal Justice System

ANS: D REF: p. 7 OBJ: 5

18
36. Which branch of government defines the law by determining what conduct is prohib-
ited and establishes criminal penalties for those who violate the law?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional

ANS: A REF : p. 8 OBJ: 4

37. Which branch of government interprets existing laws and determines whether they
meet constitutional requirements?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional

ANS: B REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4

38. Which branch of government is responsible for the day-to-day operation of justice
agencies?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional

ANS: C REF: p. 8-9 OBJ: 4

39. Which branch of government oversees criminal justice practices and has the power to
determine whether existing operations fall within the bounds of the U.S. Constitution?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional

ANS: B REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4

40. Which component of the criminal justice system has the largest budgets?
A. Police
B. Correctional
C. Judicial
D. Executive

ANS: A REF: p. 9 OBJ: 5

19
 SCENARIO BASED

NARRBEGIN: CASE 1.1

Johnny was arrested for robbery. In his state robbery is a second degree felony
and Johnny can be sentenced to up to 20 years in prison. Johnny has never been
arrested before and is not familiar with the criminal justice system. NARREND

41. If the arresting officer believes that sufficient evidence exists to charge Johnny with a
crime who will the case be turned over to next?
A. Defense attorney
B. Judge
C. Jury
D. Prosecutor

ANS: D REF: p. 13-14 OBJ: 6

NARR: CASE 1.1

42. At what stage will the prosecution file a charging document against Johnny before a
lower trial court where there will be an open hearing on the merits of the case?
A. Investigation
B. Charging
C. Preliminary Hearing
D. Plea Bargaining

ANS: C REF: p. 14-15 OBJ: 6

NARR: CASE 1.1

43. In some jurisdictions the grand jury will determine if there is sufficient evidence to
support the continued prosecution of a suspect. If the grand jury, in Johnny’s case, de-
termines there is sufficient evidence they will issue a true bill of :
A. Attainder
B. Certiorari
C. Indictment
D. Prosecution

ANS: C REF: p. 14 OBJ:6

NARR: CASE 1.1

44. Johnny was presented with the option of a reduction of his charges from a robbery to a
burglary, and a sentence of 5 years in prison instead of 20 years. This is an example of
a plea bargain. If Johnny accepts this plea bargain he will be one of the ___% of all
cases that end in a plea bargain.
A. 25
B. 50

20
 C. 70
D. 90

ANS: D REF: p. 15 OBJ: 6

NARR: CASE 1.1

NARRBEGIN: CASE 1.2

In Florida, chapter 782.04 of the Florida State Statutes explains the crime of mur-
der. Section 1 of the statute reads:
782.04 Murder.—(1)(a) The unlawful killing of a human being:
When perpetrated from a premeditated design to effect the death of the person
killed or any human being; NARREND

45. Which branch of government defined this law, determined that this is conduct that is
prohibited, and established the criminal penalties for those who violate this law?
A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Correctional

ANS: A REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4

NARR: CASE 1.2

46. Which branch of government is responsible for enforcing this statue?

A. Legislative
B. Judicial
C. Executive
D. Police

ANS: C REF: p. 8 OBJ: 4

NARR: CASE 1.2

47. Which agency in the criminal justice system is responsible for the adjudication of this
case if Samantha has been arrested and charged with this crime of murder?
A. Police
B. Courts
C. Corrections
D. Legislature

ANS: B REF: p. 15 OBJ:6

NARR: CASE 1.2

NARRBEGIN: CASE 1.3

A local police department is noticing that there is an increase in the number of se-
rious felonies that are being committed. The department forms a task force to

21
 assess the extent of the problem. Officers from the detective bureau, the vice
squad, and the crime analysis division meet to discuss the problem and begin in-
vestigating these crimes. NARREND

48. The task force determines that the most common crimes being committed are rob-
beries and burglaries where the typical amount stolen from each home is approxi-
mately $10,000. The officers realize that they are dealing with professionals. At
which level on the criminal justice wedding cake do these crimes qualify?
A. Level I
B. Level II
C. Level III
D. Level IV

ANS: B REF: p. 20 OBJ: 8

NARR: CASE 1.3

49. One of the officers on the task force expresses his frustration with the criminals who
are committing these crimes. He believes that the police department needs to work ag-
gressively to apprehend these offenders, and that society must be protected from them
through harsh punishment. What perspective is this officer promoting?
A. Crime Control
B. Due Process
C. Nonintervention
D. Rehabilitation

ANS: A REF: p. 21-22 OBJ:9

NARR: CASE 1.3

50. Another officer expresses that those committing these crimes are probably doing so as
an expression of frustration and anger created by social inequality. In his view what is
needed?
A. Crime Control
B. Due Process
C. Nonintervention
D. Rehabilitation

ANS: D REF: p. 22-23 OBJ: 9 NARR:

CASE 1.3

TRUE/FALSE

1. If, after conducting a preliminary investigation of the legal merits of the case, a prose-
cutor decides to take no further action, this is referred to as a charging warning.

22
 ANS:F REF: p. 14 OBJ: 6

2. It was in 1919 with the creation of the Chicago Crime Commission, that the work of
the criminal justice system began to be recognized.

ANS:T REF: p. 6 OBJ:3

3. Cost effectiveness is one of the unifying principles of evidence-based justice efforts.

ANS:T REF: p. 7 OBJ:6

4. Most criminal cases are processed through the entire formal justice system.

ANS:F REF: p. 12 OBJ: 6

5. An officer’s initial contact with an individual is considered part of the informal crimi-
nal justice process.

ANS:F REF: p. 12 OBJ: 6

6. Less serious felonies make up the bottom layer of the criminal justice system wedding
cake.

ANS:F REF: p. 19-20 OBJ:8

7. The crime control perspective views the justice system as a means of caring for and
treating people who cannot manage themselves.

ANS:F REF: p. 21-22 OBJ: 9

8. The equal justice perspective advocates judges consider extra-legal factors in sentenc-
ing.

ANS:F REF: p. 26 OBJ:9

9. During the past decade the crime control and equal justice perspectives have domi-
nated in criminal justice.

ANS:T REF: p. 27 OBJ:9

23
10. Ethical behavior is particularly important in law enforcement because police officers
have the authority to deprive people of their liberty, and use physical, and even deadly
force.

ANS:T REF: p. 29-31 OBJ: 10

11. The only professionals in the criminal justice system that should be concerned with
ethical behavior are police officers.

ANS: F REF: p. 29-33 OBJ: 10

12. Correctional officers have significant coercive power over offenders.

ANS: T REF: p. 33 OBJ: 10

13. If a lawyer assists their client in engaging in illegal behavior they are not subject to
criminal charges because of their attorney-client privilege.

ANS: F REF: p. 32 OBJ: 10

14. The nonintervention perspective believes there is a stigma that locks people into a
criminal way of life.

ANS: T REF: p. 24-25 OBJ: 9

15. The crime control perspective believes that too many suspects go free because of legal
technicalities.

ANS: T REF: p. 22 OBJ: 9

16. The media tends to focus on Level IV cases of the wedding cake model of justice.

ANS: F REF: p. 19 OBJ: 8

17. Most cases that go to trial result in a conviction.

ANS: T REF: p. 16 OBJ: 7

18. Grand jury proceedings are open to the public.

24
 ANS: F REF: p. 14 OBJ: 6

19. The Miranda warnings must be read to all suspects arrested by law enforcement.

ANS: F REF: p. 13 OBJ: 6

20. The level of government that collectively spends the most on justice expenditures are
local agencies.

ANS: T REF: p. 9 OBJ: 5

COMPLETION

1. The ____________________ is a federal agency that provided technical assistance

and hundreds of millions of dollars in aid to state and local justice agencies between
1969 and 1982.

ANS:Law Enforcement Assistance Administration (LEAA ) REF : p. 6 OBJ: 2

2. The ____________________ defines the law by determining what conduct is prohib-

ited and establishes criminal penalties for those who violate the law.

ANS:legislature REF: p. 8 OBJ: 3

3. It currently costs federal, state, and local governments more than $______ billion per
year for civil and criminal justice, up more than 300% since 1982.

ANS:200 REF: p. 19 OBJ: 5

4. When prosecutors decide to take no further action after conducting a preliminary in-
vestigation of the legal matters of a case it is referred to as a (n)
____________________.

ANS: nolle prosequi REF: p. 14 OBJ: 6

5. The ____________________ is the term used to describe the process through which
large numbers of cases are systematically filtered out of the formal criminal justice
process.

25
 ANS: criminal justice funnel REF: p. 16 OBJ: 7

6. The ____________________ is comprised of the prosecutor, defense attorney, judge,

and other court personnel who function to streamline the process of justice through the
extensive use of plea bargaining and other trial alternatives.

ANS: courtroom work group REF: p. 19 OBJ: 7

7. Millions of misdemeanors, such as disorderly conduct, shoplifting, public drunken-

ness, and minor assault comprise Level ____________________ of the criminal jus-
tice "wedding cake" which are handled by lower courts in an assembly-line fashion.

ANS: IV REF : p. 21 OBJ: 8

8. Decriminalization, deinstitutionalization, and pretrial diversion are favored by those

adhering to the ____________________ perspective.

ANS: nonintervention REF: p. 24-25 OBJ: 9

9. The goal of the ____________________ perspective is to enable the offender to ap-

preciate the damage caused to society and to the victim, to make amends, and to be re-
integrated into the community.

ANS: restorative justice REF: p. 26-27 OBJ: 9

10. Advocates of the ____________________ perspective argue that the greatest concern
of the justice system should be providing fair and equitable treatment to those accused
of crime.

ANS:due process REF: p. 23-24 OBJ: 9

11. ____________________ uses scientific method to determine whether criminal justice

programs actually reduce crime rates and offender recidivism.

ANS: Evidence-based Justice OBJ: 2 REF: p. 6-7

12. A society’s ability to control individual behavior in order to serve the best interests
and welfare of the society as a whole is known as ________________.

ANS: social control OBJ : 4 REF : 7

26
13. The purpose of the criminal _______________ is to gather enough evidence to iden-
tify a suspect and support a legal arrest.

ANS: investigation OBJ: 6 REF: 12-13

14. The _______________________ is the principle that in order to make an arrest in a

misdemeanor, the arresting officer must have personally witnessed the crime being
committed.

ANS: in-presence requirement OBJ :6 REF : 13

15. The _______________ is responsible for investigating alleged crimes, examining evi-
dence, and issuing indictments.

ANS: grand jury OBJ: 6 REF: 14

ESSAY

1. Discuss crime as a historical social problem in the United States.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 4-5 OBJ: 2

2. Discuss the five unifying principles of evidence based justice efforts to determine
whether criminal justice programs work and whether they reduce crime rates and of-
fender recidivism.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 7-8 OBJ: 4

3. Describe the main components of the contemporary criminal justice system, including
a discussion of the scope of the system.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 7-9 OBJ: 4 | 5

4. Discuss the steps in the formal criminal justice system.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 12-17 OBJ: 6

5. Discuss the criminal justice system as an assembly line model and the potential nega-
tive consequences of this on society.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 16 OBJ: 7

27
6. List and discuss the levels of Walker’s “wedding cake” model of justice.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 19-21 OBJ: 8

7. Compare and contrast the crime control perspective of criminal justice to the due pro-
cess perspective of criminal justice.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 22-24 OBJ: 9

8. Discuss the nonintervention perspective and the restorative justice perspective on

criminal justice.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 24-27 OBJ: 9

9. Discuss the branches of government and how they impact the criminal justice system.

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 8-9 OBJ: 5

10. Discuss through the use of examples why ethics are important at each stage of the
criminal justice system?

ANS: answers will vary REF: p. 29-33 OBJ: 10

28
Another random document with
no related content on Scribd:
 jokaisen on elettävä kaunein laulunsa todellisuudeksi, ja
mitä kauniimpi on laulu, sitä raskaampi on elämän arvan
lunastaminen.

ILTARUSKO

Veritas,
minä tahtoisin suudella sinua,
ja se suudelma olisi kuin iltarusko,
joka äsken kuvastui syviin vesiin.

Virta kulki vuolaana, mustana, ylpeänä voimastaan,

varmana määrästään, yksinäisenä. Valahti taivaan rannalle
hehkuva iltarusko, painoi punaisen suudelman tummiin vesiin.

Ja katso! Syvyys alkoi liekehtiä lämpimänä, riemuitsevana.

Niin syvälle kuin silmä kantoi alaspäin, näkyi vain iltaruskon
hehkua, niin kauas kuin virta vieri, väikkyi purppurainen
veriaalto, mereen asti se ulottui. Ympärillä rannat hymyilivät ja
kukat nyökyttivät päätään.

Veritas,
minä tahtoisin olla sinulle iltarusko,
sillä sinä olet yksinäinen, voimakas ihminen,
joka elät syvää elämää
ja katsot hetken lapsiin alaspäin.
Minä tahtoisin kuin iltarusko
painaa oman vereni punaisen hehkun sinuun,
 niin että se ulottuisi sisimpääsi asti
ja täyttäisi olemuksesi elämisen riemulla.

Veritas,
minä tahtoisin suudella sinua —

KIELONKUKKIA

Herätkää, kielonkukat, avatkaa kellonne!

Armas astuu ylitsenne,
ja hänen silmistään säteilee lämmin aurinko.
Herätkää, kielonkukat, avatkaa kellonne!

Tuoksukaa, kielonkukat, tuoksukaa kesää!

Armas astuu ylitsenne,
ja hänen huuliaan polttavat suudelmat,
joiden aika nyt on käsissä.
Tuoksukaa, kielonkukat, tuoksukaa kesää!

Kuolkaa, kielonkukat, kuolkaa ilman kaipausta! Armas astui

ylitsenne ja kosketti minua huulillaan. Minun sieluni ja ruumiini
tunsi hänet ja tervehti valtiastaan.

Kuolkaa, kielonkukat, kuolkaa ilman kaipausta!

SUUDELMA
 Veritas, sinä suutelit minua
kuin ruumiinsa verille ruoskinut hurskas
Pyhää Neitsyttä:
kunnioittavin, aroin huulin.
Sinä suutelit minua uudelleen
kuin erakko,
joka luopuu maailmasta ja lähtee korpeen:
alistuen.
Ja minä otin suutelosi vastaan mitään ymmärtämättä,
mutta tuntien kaikki kuoleman edelliset kauhut.

Veritas, silloin kävi lävitseni aavistus, ikäänkuin voisin

minäkin tuntea sen Kaikkivaltiaan Voiman, josta Kirjojen Kirja
sanoo: »Ei etsi omaansa, ei katkeroidu.»

Veritas — minä, minä soisin, että sinä olisit krusifiksi, jota

voisin alati kantaa povellani, palvoa hartaudessa, löytää levon
sielulleni antaumuksessa — ja suudella syntisin, janoisin
huulin päivin ja öin —

VASTAAMATTA JÄÄNYT KYSYMYS

Miksi olet niin kalpea tänään? kysyit.

En voinut vastata, enhän tiennyt sitä itsekään; tunsin vain

epämääräistä tuskaa rinnassani ja pyysin: Mene!

Ystävä:
minussa kehittyy jokin, jolle en löydä nimeä,
 jokin sanomattoman suloinen ja surullinen,
joka nostaa kyyneleet silmiini ja hymyn huulilleni,
jota en soisi kenenkään arvaavan
ja josta tahtoisin laulaa koko maailmalle,
jokin, josta en tiedä,
onko se Elämän vaiko Kuoleman lähetti.

YÖSSÄ

Yö äänetön ympärilläni, kädet viileät painaa se otsallein. Mitä

tein, mitä päivän tein? kysyn kyynelin itseltäni.

Meni aurinko mailleen kauan sitten.

Hyvä on.
Ah, eessä sen säteitten kirkkahitten
olen alaston:
olen tahrannut valkean vaippani lokaan,
olen pettänyt parasta itseäni,
olen kieltänyt Pyhän,
olen veljilleni ollut tyly,
ah, ylitse käynyt oon käskyt kaikki.

Meni aurinko mailleen kauan sitten.

Yks synti mua painaa kuin kuoleman taakka: sydämeen,

joka lempii mua, olen pistänyt okaan —

Miks tein, miks väärin tein? kysyn murheisna itseltäni. Ja

mä katselen kylmiä tähtiä ikkunasta: kuin nuo ovat vakavat,
 niin oli rakkautein.

Yö tummuu ympärilläni.

LÄHTIESSÄ

Sinun käsivarsiltasi tahtoisin kerran, kun hetki on tullut, siirtyä

rajan taakse.

Ruumiini on hauras kuin lasi, ja sieluni on siinä; perin

heikoilla siteillä kiinni. Luulenpa, että keväinen tuulenpuuska
voisi ne eroittaa toisistansa.

Kuljen täällä unissakävijän tavoin. Teen vaistomaisesti

samaa kuin muutkin, mutta kotonani en ole. Olen kuullut
kutsun, tosin loitolta, olen tuntenut Näkymättömän
läheisyyden enkä ole enää entiseni.

Mutta sinä hetkenä, Veritas, tahtoisin levätä sylissäsi,

tahtoisin haihtuvan tuokion ajan uskoa sinun rakastavan
minua yli kaiken maallisen, tahtoisin, että viimeinen, minkä
katoava tajuni tältä puolen rajan käsittää, olisit sinä.

KUVASTIN

Ystävät, jos luotatte minuun, niin luottakaa eheästi.

Olen luotu niin, että vastaan samalla mitalla.
Jos te ette ole rehellisiä, miksi vaaditte sitä minulta?
Ellette te anna kokonaista, kuinka voisin minä sitä antaa?
Ystäväni, ettekö jo aikaa huomanneet:
heijastan teille jokaiselle vain itseänne.
EPILOGI

RESIGNAATIO

Ketä Jumala rakastaa, sen käteen hän laskee matkasauvan,

se kuulee pakottavan kutsun: »Lähde maaltasi ja isäsi
huoneesta sille maalle, jonka minä sinulle osoitan!»

Ketä Jumala rakastaa, sen tie vie avaraan maailmaan.

Ikuinen ikävä ajaa häntä. Lepopaikkaan ei hän jäädä voi.
Päämäärä odottaa häntä jossakin kaukana, jonne vain
aavistus yltää.

Ketä Jumala rakastaa, sen sydän on helisevä harppu.

Kaikki muuttuu siinä säveliksi, ilon kultasoinnuiksi tai surun
hopeisiksi. Väliin ne soivat ilmi. Ken ymmärtää, hänen
harppunsa virittyy samaan sointuun. Ken ei ymmärrä, kulkee
kuurona ohi.

Ketä Jumala rakastaa, hän ei ole onnellinen eikä onneton.

Suuri Tyytymys vallitsee häntä. Hän on uusi ihminen, joka
entisyytensä unohtaen taivaltaa kohti lupauksen
Kaanaanmaata.
 *** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK KUVASTIN ***

Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions will
be renamed.

Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright in
these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and distribute it
in the United States without permission and without paying copyright
royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General Terms of Use part of
this license, apply to copying and distributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works to protect the PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept
and trademark. Project Gutenberg is a registered trademark, and
may not be used if you charge for an eBook, except by following the
terms of the trademark license, including paying royalties for use of
the Project Gutenberg trademark. If you do not charge anything for
copies of this eBook, complying with the trademark license is very
easy. You may use this eBook for nearly any purpose such as
creation of derivative works, reports, performances and research.
Project Gutenberg eBooks may be modified and printed and given
away—you may do practically ANYTHING in the United States with
eBooks not protected by U.S. copyright law. Redistribution is subject
to the trademark license, especially commercial redistribution.

START: FULL LICENSE

THE FULL PROJECT GUTENBERG LICENSE
 PLEASE READ THIS BEFORE YOU DISTRIBUTE OR USE THIS WORK

To protect the Project Gutenberg™ mission of promoting the free

distribution of electronic works, by using or distributing this work (or
any other work associated in any way with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg”), you agree to comply with all the terms of the Full
Project Gutenberg™ License available with this file or online at
www.gutenberg.org/license.

Section 1. General Terms of Use and

Redistributing Project Gutenberg™
electronic works
1.A. By reading or using any part of this Project Gutenberg™
electronic work, you indicate that you have read, understand, agree
to and accept all the terms of this license and intellectual property
(trademark/copyright) agreement. If you do not agree to abide by all
the terms of this agreement, you must cease using and return or
destroy all copies of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works in your
possession. If you paid a fee for obtaining a copy of or access to a
Project Gutenberg™ electronic work and you do not agree to be
bound by the terms of this agreement, you may obtain a refund from
the person or entity to whom you paid the fee as set forth in
paragraph 1.E.8.

1.B. “Project Gutenberg” is a registered trademark. It may only be

used on or associated in any way with an electronic work by people
who agree to be bound by the terms of this agreement. There are a
few things that you can do with most Project Gutenberg™ electronic
works even without complying with the full terms of this agreement.
See paragraph 1.C below. There are a lot of things you can do with
Project Gutenberg™ electronic works if you follow the terms of this
agreement and help preserve free future access to Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works. See paragraph 1.E below.
1.C. The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation (“the
Foundation” or PGLAF), owns a compilation copyright in the
collection of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works. Nearly all the
individual works in the collection are in the public domain in the
United States. If an individual work is unprotected by copyright law in
the United States and you are located in the United States, we do
not claim a right to prevent you from copying, distributing,
performing, displaying or creating derivative works based on the
work as long as all references to Project Gutenberg are removed. Of
course, we hope that you will support the Project Gutenberg™
mission of promoting free access to electronic works by freely
sharing Project Gutenberg™ works in compliance with the terms of
this agreement for keeping the Project Gutenberg™ name
associated with the work. You can easily comply with the terms of
this agreement by keeping this work in the same format with its
attached full Project Gutenberg™ License when you share it without
charge with others.

1.D. The copyright laws of the place where you are located also
govern what you can do with this work. Copyright laws in most
countries are in a constant state of change. If you are outside the
United States, check the laws of your country in addition to the terms
of this agreement before downloading, copying, displaying,
performing, distributing or creating derivative works based on this
work or any other Project Gutenberg™ work. The Foundation makes
no representations concerning the copyright status of any work in
any country other than the United States.

1.E. Unless you have removed all references to Project Gutenberg:

1.E.1. The following sentence, with active links to, or other

immediate access to, the full Project Gutenberg™ License must
appear prominently whenever any copy of a Project Gutenberg™
work (any work on which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” appears, or
with which the phrase “Project Gutenberg” is associated) is
accessed, displayed, performed, viewed, copied or distributed:
 This eBook is for the use of anyone anywhere in the United
States and most other parts of the world at no cost and with
almost no restrictions whatsoever. You may copy it, give it away
or re-use it under the terms of the Project Gutenberg License
included with this eBook or online at www.gutenberg.org. If you
are not located in the United States, you will have to check the
laws of the country where you are located before using this
eBook.

1.E.2. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is derived

from texts not protected by U.S. copyright law (does not contain a
notice indicating that it is posted with permission of the copyright
holder), the work can be copied and distributed to anyone in the
United States without paying any fees or charges. If you are
redistributing or providing access to a work with the phrase “Project
Gutenberg” associated with or appearing on the work, you must
comply either with the requirements of paragraphs 1.E.1 through
1.E.7 or obtain permission for the use of the work and the Project
Gutenberg™ trademark as set forth in paragraphs 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.3. If an individual Project Gutenberg™ electronic work is posted

with the permission of the copyright holder, your use and distribution
must comply with both paragraphs 1.E.1 through 1.E.7 and any
additional terms imposed by the copyright holder. Additional terms
will be linked to the Project Gutenberg™ License for all works posted
with the permission of the copyright holder found at the beginning of
this work.

1.E.4. Do not unlink or detach or remove the full Project

Gutenberg™ License terms from this work, or any files containing a
part of this work or any other work associated with Project
Gutenberg™.

1.E.5. Do not copy, display, perform, distribute or redistribute this

electronic work, or any part of this electronic work, without
prominently displaying the sentence set forth in paragraph 1.E.1 with
active links or immediate access to the full terms of the Project
Gutenberg™ License.
1.E.6. You may convert to and distribute this work in any binary,
compressed, marked up, nonproprietary or proprietary form,
including any word processing or hypertext form. However, if you
provide access to or distribute copies of a Project Gutenberg™ work
in a format other than “Plain Vanilla ASCII” or other format used in
the official version posted on the official Project Gutenberg™ website
(www.gutenberg.org), you must, at no additional cost, fee or expense
to the user, provide a copy, a means of exporting a copy, or a means
of obtaining a copy upon request, of the work in its original “Plain
Vanilla ASCII” or other form. Any alternate format must include the
full Project Gutenberg™ License as specified in paragraph 1.E.1.

1.E.7. Do not charge a fee for access to, viewing, displaying,

performing, copying or distributing any Project Gutenberg™ works
unless you comply with paragraph 1.E.8 or 1.E.9.

1.E.8. You may charge a reasonable fee for copies of or providing

access to or distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works
provided that:

• You pay a royalty fee of 20% of the gross profits you derive from
the use of Project Gutenberg™ works calculated using the
method you already use to calculate your applicable taxes. The
fee is owed to the owner of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark,
but he has agreed to donate royalties under this paragraph to
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation. Royalty
payments must be paid within 60 days following each date on
which you prepare (or are legally required to prepare) your
periodic tax returns. Royalty payments should be clearly marked
as such and sent to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation at the address specified in Section 4, “Information
about donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation.”

• You provide a full refund of any money paid by a user who

notifies you in writing (or by e-mail) within 30 days of receipt that
s/he does not agree to the terms of the full Project Gutenberg™
 License. You must require such a user to return or destroy all
copies of the works possessed in a physical medium and
discontinue all use of and all access to other copies of Project
Gutenberg™ works.

• You provide, in accordance with paragraph 1.F.3, a full refund of

any money paid for a work or a replacement copy, if a defect in
the electronic work is discovered and reported to you within 90
days of receipt of the work.

• You comply with all other terms of this agreement for free
distribution of Project Gutenberg™ works.

1.E.9. If you wish to charge a fee or distribute a Project Gutenberg™

electronic work or group of works on different terms than are set
forth in this agreement, you must obtain permission in writing from
the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the manager of
the Project Gutenberg™ trademark. Contact the Foundation as set
forth in Section 3 below.

1.F.

1.F.1. Project Gutenberg volunteers and employees expend

considerable effort to identify, do copyright research on, transcribe
and proofread works not protected by U.S. copyright law in creating
the Project Gutenberg™ collection. Despite these efforts, Project
Gutenberg™ electronic works, and the medium on which they may
be stored, may contain “Defects,” such as, but not limited to,
incomplete, inaccurate or corrupt data, transcription errors, a
copyright or other intellectual property infringement, a defective or
damaged disk or other medium, a computer virus, or computer
codes that damage or cannot be read by your equipment.

1.F.2. LIMITED WARRANTY, DISCLAIMER OF DAMAGES - Except

for the “Right of Replacement or Refund” described in paragraph
1.F.3, the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation, the owner
of the Project Gutenberg™ trademark, and any other party
distributing a Project Gutenberg™ electronic work under this
agreement, disclaim all liability to you for damages, costs and
expenses, including legal fees. YOU AGREE THAT YOU HAVE NO
REMEDIES FOR NEGLIGENCE, STRICT LIABILITY, BREACH OF
WARRANTY OR BREACH OF CONTRACT EXCEPT THOSE
PROVIDED IN PARAGRAPH 1.F.3. YOU AGREE THAT THE
FOUNDATION, THE TRADEMARK OWNER, AND ANY
DISTRIBUTOR UNDER THIS AGREEMENT WILL NOT BE LIABLE
TO YOU FOR ACTUAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL,
PUNITIVE OR INCIDENTAL DAMAGES EVEN IF YOU GIVE
NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

1.F.3. LIMITED RIGHT OF REPLACEMENT OR REFUND - If you

discover a defect in this electronic work within 90 days of receiving it,
you can receive a refund of the money (if any) you paid for it by
sending a written explanation to the person you received the work
from. If you received the work on a physical medium, you must
return the medium with your written explanation. The person or entity
that provided you with the defective work may elect to provide a
replacement copy in lieu of a refund. If you received the work
electronically, the person or entity providing it to you may choose to
give you a second opportunity to receive the work electronically in
lieu of a refund. If the second copy is also defective, you may
demand a refund in writing without further opportunities to fix the
problem.

1.F.4. Except for the limited right of replacement or refund set forth in
paragraph 1.F.3, this work is provided to you ‘AS-IS’, WITH NO
OTHER WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED,
INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO WARRANTIES OF
MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PURPOSE.

1.F.5. Some states do not allow disclaimers of certain implied

warranties or the exclusion or limitation of certain types of damages.
If any disclaimer or limitation set forth in this agreement violates the
law of the state applicable to this agreement, the agreement shall be
interpreted to make the maximum disclaimer or limitation permitted
by the applicable state law. The invalidity or unenforceability of any
provision of this agreement shall not void the remaining provisions.

1.F.6. INDEMNITY - You agree to indemnify and hold the

Foundation, the trademark owner, any agent or employee of the
Foundation, anyone providing copies of Project Gutenberg™
electronic works in accordance with this agreement, and any
volunteers associated with the production, promotion and distribution
of Project Gutenberg™ electronic works, harmless from all liability,
costs and expenses, including legal fees, that arise directly or
indirectly from any of the following which you do or cause to occur:
(a) distribution of this or any Project Gutenberg™ work, (b)
alteration, modification, or additions or deletions to any Project
Gutenberg™ work, and (c) any Defect you cause.

Section 2. Information about the Mission of

Project Gutenberg™
Project Gutenberg™ is synonymous with the free distribution of
electronic works in formats readable by the widest variety of
computers including obsolete, old, middle-aged and new computers.
It exists because of the efforts of hundreds of volunteers and
donations from people in all walks of life.

Volunteers and financial support to provide volunteers with the

assistance they need are critical to reaching Project Gutenberg™’s
goals and ensuring that the Project Gutenberg™ collection will
remain freely available for generations to come. In 2001, the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation was created to provide a
secure and permanent future for Project Gutenberg™ and future
generations. To learn more about the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation and how your efforts and donations can help,
see Sections 3 and 4 and the Foundation information page at
www.gutenberg.org.
 Section 3. Information about the Project
Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation
The Project Gutenberg Literary Archive Foundation is a non-profit
501(c)(3) educational corporation organized under the laws of the
state of Mississippi and granted tax exempt status by the Internal
Revenue Service. The Foundation’s EIN or federal tax identification
number is 64-6221541. Contributions to the Project Gutenberg
Literary Archive Foundation are tax deductible to the full extent
permitted by U.S. federal laws and your state’s laws.

The Foundation’s business office is located at 809 North 1500 West,

Salt Lake City, UT 84116, (801) 596-1887. Email contact links and up
to date contact information can be found at the Foundation’s website
and official page at www.gutenberg.org/contact

Section 4. Information about Donations to

the Project Gutenberg Literary Archive
Foundation
Project Gutenberg™ depends upon and cannot survive without
widespread public support and donations to carry out its mission of
increasing the number of public domain and licensed works that can
be freely distributed in machine-readable form accessible by the
widest array of equipment including outdated equipment. Many small
donations ($1 to $5,000) are particularly important to maintaining tax
exempt status with the IRS.

The Foundation is committed to complying with the laws regulating

charities and charitable donations in all 50 states of the United
States. Compliance requirements are not uniform and it takes a
considerable effort, much paperwork and many fees to meet and
keep up with these requirements. We do not solicit donations in
locations where we have not received written confirmation of
compliance. To SEND DONATIONS or determine the status of
compliance for any particular state visit www.gutenberg.org/donate.

While we cannot and do not solicit contributions from states where

we have not met the solicitation requirements, we know of no
prohibition against accepting unsolicited donations from donors in
such states who approach us with offers to donate.

International donations are gratefully accepted, but we cannot make

any statements concerning tax treatment of donations received from
outside the United States. U.S. laws alone swamp our small staff.

Please check the Project Gutenberg web pages for current donation
methods and addresses. Donations are accepted in a number of
other ways including checks, online payments and credit card
donations. To donate, please visit: www.gutenberg.org/donate.

Section 5. General Information About Project

Gutenberg™ electronic works
Professor Michael S. Hart was the originator of the Project
Gutenberg™ concept of a library of electronic works that could be
freely shared with anyone. For forty years, he produced and
distributed Project Gutenberg™ eBooks with only a loose network of
volunteer support.

Project Gutenberg™ eBooks are often created from several printed

editions, all of which are confirmed as not protected by copyright in
the U.S. unless a copyright notice is included. Thus, we do not
necessarily keep eBooks in compliance with any particular paper
edition.

Most people start at our website which has the main PG search
facility: www.gutenberg.org.

This website includes information about Project Gutenberg™,

including how to make donations to the Project Gutenberg Literary
Archive Foundation, how to help produce our new eBooks, and how
to subscribe to our email newsletter to hear about new eBooks.