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Page Ref: 8
A-head: How Do Families Differ Worldwide?
Skill level: Know the Facts
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 1.3 Describe five ways families differ worldwide.
5) People believe that in the past there were fewer problems, people were happier, and families were
stronger because ________.
A) of the widespread influence of movies and television presenting these images of the family
B) many historians maintain that such golden days existed
C) grandparents always talk about the golden days
D) people’s knowledge of the past is mostly accurate
Answer: A
Page Ref: 11
A-head: Some Myths about the Family
Skill level: Understand the Concepts
Difficulty: Moderate
Learning Objective: 1.4 Describe five myths about families and distinguish between functional and dysfunctional
myths.
6) During a debate about the changing nature of families, Jim states that family problems are more
prevalent today. However, Ryan believes otherwise and argues that family issues have always existed.
Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens Ryan’s argument?
A) Out of wedlock births, domestic violence, and desertion by a parent or spouse were experienced rarely
in the past.
B) Parents spend more time with their children today than they did in the past.
C) Teenage pregnancy rates were lower in the 1950s than they are today.
D) Historical data about families in the past indicate that families were stronger then than they are now.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 12
A-head: Three Perspectives on the Changing Family
Skill level: Analyze It
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 1.5 Describe three perspectives on why families are changing.
7) Martha and Peter have been in a committed relationship for the past eight years. They care for each
other and share all domestic and financial responsibilities. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, which of
the following is true of their living arrangement?
A) It is a nonfamily household.
B) It is family household.
C) It is an illegal arrangement.
D) It is a fictive household.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 17
A-head: How Are U.S. Families Changing?
Skill level: Apply What You Know
Learning Objective: 1.6 Explain how U.S. families have been changing in terms of demographic characteristics and
racial-ethnic diversity.
8) Joe and Jenny, two software professionals who loved to party and travel, were married for just over
two years when they filed for divorce. Their families and friends took a micro-level perspective of their fall
out. Which of the following best represents their perspective?
A) The divorce was a result of technological advancements, the Internet and online social networking.
B) The divorce was a result of popular culture including television, pop music, magazines, and movies,
which are major sources of misinformation about family life.
C) The divorce was a result of women’s movements, which transformed Jenny making her less financially
dependent on Joe.
Copyright © 2015, 2012, 2011 Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.
D) The divorce was a result of their unrealistic and immature decisions regarding their lifestyle.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 21
A-head: Why Are U.S. Families Changing?
Learning Objective: 1.7 Explain how macro-level constraints affect families’ micro-level choices.
9) What is a family policy? Explain.

Answer: Family policy refers to the measures that governments take to improve the well-being of families.
Some policies directly address family formations and processes (e.g., adoption, marriage, divorce,
domestic violence, and welfare reform). Others have an indirect impact on family life (e.g., health care,
housing, poverty, and substance abuse).
Page Ref: 23
Difficulty: Easy
10) From a company’s perspective, which of the following is a reason why companies adopt a cross-
cultural or global view to understand societies?
A) It helps employees understand the practices of other nations before traveling abroad for work.
B) It helps companies maintain a more homogeneous workforce.
C) It encourages people to have an ethnocentric belief in the superiority of their own culture.
D) It helps companies limit their operations to their home country.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 25
A-head: A Multicultural, Cross-Cultural, and Global Perspective on the Family
Learning Objective: 1.8 Explain why multicultural, cross-cultural, and global perspectives are important in
understanding families.
1.2 Test Questions

1) Nonrelatives who are accepted as part of the family because they have strong bonds with biological
family members and provide important services and care are known as ________.
A) consanguineal kin
B) fictive kin
C) nurtured kin
D) affiant kin
Answer: B
Page Ref: 3
A-head: What Is a Family?
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 1.1 Explain how traditional and contemporary definitions of family differ.
2) Lisa and James volunteer as a host family in a foreign exchange student program at the local
university. They provide accommodation, food, and a family environment to an exchange student. They
volunteer to experience a new culture and at the same time provide a new cultural experience to the
student. The relationship between them and the exchange student exemplifies a(n) ________.
A) fictive kinship
B) lineal kinship
C) affiant kinship
D) consanguineal kinship
Answer: A
Page Ref: 3
3) Which of the following is a difference between traditional and current definition of the family?
A) Unlike current definitions of the family, traditional definitions encompass fictive kin.
B) Unlike traditional definitions of the family, current definitions exclude child-free couples.
C) Unlike traditional definitions of the family, current definitions do not explicitly include marriage and
procreation.
D) Unlike current definitions of the family, traditional definitions include diverse groups such as foster
parents and their charges.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 3
Difficulty: Hard
4) ________ refer to culturally defined rules for behavior.

A) Roles
B) Accommodations
C) Norms
D) Taboos
Answer: C
Page Ref: 4
A-head: How Are Families Similar?
Difficulty: Easy
Learning Objective: 1.2 Describe five family functions and two marriage rules that are similar worldwide.
5) ________ refers to the cultural norms and laws that forbid sexual intercourse between close blood
relatives, such as brother and sister, father and daughter, uncle and niece, or grandparent and
grandchild.
A) Menstrual taboo
B) Endogamy
C) Incest taboo
D) Polygamy
Answer: C
Page Ref: 5
Skill level: Know The Facts
Difficulty: Easy
6) Which of the following is characteristic of a primary group?

A) impersonal relationships
B) few emotional ties to one another
C) close, intimate interaction
D) similar standing or rank based on wealth
Answer: C
Page Ref: 6
Difficulty: Easy
7) Co-workers in the sales department of a company work closely together. These members of the sales
department together make up a ________ group.
A) familial
B) primary
C) tertiary
D) secondary
Answer: D
Page Ref: 6
8) Jim and Lara, a couple, have lived together for a period of 10 years. Most of their friends and families
consider their relationship as socially acceptable. They also file a joint tax return. However, they do not
have a marriage license nor have they been married by an authorized official. This is an example of a
________.
A) open marriage
B) common-law marriage
C) ceremonial marriage
D) procedural marriage
Answer: B
Page Ref: 7
9) While being legally married to Cassie, James married Lisa, too. James has engaged in ________.
A) hypergamy
B) homogamy
C) bigamy
D) endogamy
Answer: C
Page Ref: 7
10) ________ refers to a cultural practice that requires marrying outside one’s group, such as not
marrying one’s relatives.
A) Bigamy
B) Exogamy
C) Endogamy
D) Homogamy
Answer: B
Page Ref: 7
Difficulty: Easy
11) Which of the following is a similarity between ceremonial marriage and common-law marriage?
A) Both of them require partners to meet certain minimum age requirements.
B) Both of these allow the partners for bigamy.
C) Both of them require partners to follow procedures specified by the state or other jurisdiction.
D) Both of them recognize couples as married if they have been living together for a certain period of
time.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 7
12) Sue and Fred could not have biological children, so they legally adopted a three-year-old boy named
Mark. For Mark, Sue and Fred would be his ________.
A) family of orientation
B) family of origin
C) fictive family
D) family of procreation
Answer: A
Page Ref: 8
13) The family a person forms by marrying and having or adopting children is referred to as the
________.
A) nuclear family
B) extended family
C) family of procreation
D) family of orientation
Answer: C
Page Ref: 8
Skill level: Know The Facts
Difficulty: Easy
14) A network of people who are related by marriage, blood, or adoption is known as a(n) ________.
A) neolocal system
B) extended system
C) kinship system
D) nuclear system
Answer: C
Page Ref: 8
Difficulty: Easy
15) A household made up of married parents and their biological or adopted children is called a(n)
________.
A) nuclear family
B) extended family
C) joint family
D) stepfamily
Answer: A
Page Ref: 8
Difficulty: Easy
16) In a ________ residence pattern, newly married couples live with the husband’s family.
A) neolocal
B) patrilocal
C) matrilocal
D) colocal
Answer: B
Page Ref: 8
Difficulty: Easy
17) Since the early 1990s, the tendency for young married adults to live with the parents of either the wife
or husband, or sometimes with the grandparents of one of the partners has increased. Which of the
following is an accurate reason for this?
A) Children are now most likely to be staying in two-parent households as divorce rates have declined.
B) At least half of all young couples can’t afford a medium-priced house.
C) Most families are now self-sufficient as most couples are employed.
D) Most young adults now do not like staying in multigenerational households.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 9
18) In a ________ family system, the oldest females control cultural, political, and economic resources
and, consequently, have power over males.
A) patriarchal
B) matriarchal
C) nuclear
D) neolocal
Answer: B
Page Ref: 9
Difficulty: Easy
19) Jim has a strong-minded father who takes all the family decisions alone, without consulting the other
family members. Jim’s family follows a ________ family system.
A) neolocal
B) patriarchal
C) egalitarian
D) matriarchal
Answer: B
Page Ref: 9
20) Which of the following is true of the egalitarian family system?

A) Important family decisions are taken by the eldest woman in the household.
B) Women are marginalized and oppressed in such households.
C) Both spouses share equal duties and responsibilities in such households.
D) Important family decisions are taken by the eldest man in the household.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 9
21) Maria has been married four times over a period of 22 years. None of her marriages lasted more than
a few years. However, she was never married to more than one person at a time. In this scenario, Maria
has engaged in ________.
A) endogamy
B) polyandry
C) polygyny
D) serial monogamy
Answer: D
Page Ref: 9
22) A woman who has two or more husbands practices ________.

A) polyandry
B) exogamy
C) polygyny
D) endogamy
Answer: A
Page Ref: 9
Difficulty: Easy
23) Which of the following is true of polyandry?

A) It is more common than polygyny in many societies.
B) It exists in societies in which there is a shortage of men.
C) It is a practice in which one man marries two or more women.
D) It occurs when one man finds it difficult to provide for a family.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 9
24) Which of the following is a myth about families in the past?

A) Teenage pregnancy rates in the past were negligible compared to what it is today.
B) Until the 1970s, few people ever talked about child abuse, domestic violence, or divorce.
C) Many families lived in silent misery and quiet desperation in the past.
D) Parents spend more time with their children today than they did in the past.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 12
myths.
25) Which of the following is a myth about what is natural in families?

A) that unmarried committed relationships are natural
B) that motherhood is natural for women
C) that remaining single or not marrying is natural
D) that homosexuality is natural
Answer: B
Page Ref: 12
myths.
26) Which of the following statements is true regarding self-sufficiency of the American family?
A) Few families—past or present—have been entirely self-sufficient.
B) Most families in the past were entirely self-sufficient.
C) Middle class families tend to prosper because they are the most self-sufficient.
D) Only the poorest families tend to need help from the government.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 12
myths.
27) The myth that the family is a “haven in a heartless world” portrays an image where the family
________.
A) is mostly self-sufficient
B) has some health or economic problems to deal with
C) does not have to worry about raising children
D) always provides love, nurturance, and emotional support
Answer: D
Page Ref: 13
myths.
28) Rebecca is of the opinion that very few families, either in the past or in the present, can be called self-
sufficient. Which of the following is an accurate statement that supports Rebecca’s opinion?
A) Families have prospered since the 1970s because of their savings and individual enterprises.
B) A majority of people who have reached retirement are leading comfortable lives despite not being
eligible for Medicare and Social Security.
C) Many individuals in the middle class are likely to have collected unemployment payments after being
laid off.
D) The government provides no tax cuts for middle-income and affluent families.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 13
Difficulty: Hard
myths.
29) Stephen believes that families always stand for love and security. Linda, on the other hand, has an
opinion that families can also be a physically and psychologically brutal setting in society. Which of the
following is an accurate statement that weakens Stephen’s point of view?
A) Young adults now tend to have a very realistic perspective about families and thus have fewer
conflicts.
B) Many parents experience stress while balancing the demands of work and family responsibilities.
C) Most young adults now are more economically sound and also appreciate the benefits of
multigenerational households.
D) Most families are now becoming egalitarian, where both the parents equally participate in all the tasks.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 13
myths.
30) Which of the following is true of functional myths?

A) Myths are functional when they disrupt a family.
B) Functional myths can help us maintain emotional balance during crises.
C) Functional myths tend to create misery in us.
D) Functional myths divert our attention from social problems that lead to family crises.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 14
Difficulty: Easy
myths.
31) During a debate about the impact of myths on family, Charles states that myths are always
dysfunctional. However, his friend, Harris, disagrees and states that myths can be functional as well.
Which of the following is an accurate statement that weakens Charles’s argument?
A) Myths can make us pay more attention to widespread social problems that lead to family crises.
B) Myths have induced generation of social policies such as child-support legislation.
C) Myths deprive us of the hope that we can improve marriage and family life.
D) Myths tend to provide unrealistic expectations regarding family life.
Answer: B
Page Ref: 14
Difficulty: Hard
myths.
32) Which of the following statements supports the “family is declining” perspective?
A) Men and women wait to get married until they are older and more mature.
B) Adults who are financially deprived should not have children.
C) Many adults are unwilling to invest their financial resources in their children.
D) Parents now have less control over their adult married children.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 15
33) Which of the following is true of those who adhere to the "family is deteriorating" school of thought?
A) They state that as soon as an individual realizes that she or he is unhappy in a marriage, she or he
should leave.
B) They believe that financial success is the most important factor in keeping families together.
C) They assume that marital partners should increase their sense of entitlement and decrease their sense
of duty.
D) They believe that marriage should exist for the sake of children and not just for adults.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 15
34) Adrian prescribes to the school of thought which suggests that the family is changing but is not
declining. Which of the following opinions is Adrian most likely to hold?
A) Marriage should exist for the sake of children and not just adults.
B) Family problems and divorces are very recent concepts.
C) There is nothing wrong is spending money on therapists, lawyers, and expert witnesses in cases of
marital conflicts.
D) Gender roles are so different now compared to the past and the family has been resilient despite this.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 16
35) Ralph and Philip differ in their opinions about the current status of families. Ralph believes that
families now are happier than ever before and are more resilient. Philip, on the other hand, opines that
families are declining and deteriorating. Which of the following is an accurate statement that strengthens
Philip’s point of view?
A) Recent data show that fewer adults are married and more are divorced or remaining single.
B) In the past, many white, middle-class families enjoyed a life that was both gentle and genteel.
C) In the past, many people stayed in unhappy marriages because of strong social norms and legal
divorce obstacles.
D) Studies show that there has been a decrease in multigenerational relationships in families.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 16
Difficulty: Hard
36) Which of the following is true of those who believe that the family is changing, but not deteriorating?
A) They argue that family problems such as desertion and nonmarital births have always existed.
B) They believe that the mother who works outside the home is a new phenomenon.
C) They argue that the emergence of single-parent families is a new trend.
D) They believe that divorces did not take place until the late twentieth century.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 16
37) A large proportion of Americans now experiences the empty-nest syndrome—the departure of adult
children from the home—at an earlier age. Which of the following is a reason for this?
A) Most young adults now appreciate the benefits of staying in multigenerational households.
B) There has been a decline in the number of neolocal families due to unemployment.
C) The average age of the population has now significantly increased since the mid-1800s.
D) Women now tend to prolong child rearing by keeping huge age differences among children.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 17
38) Which of the following best describes the empty-nest syndrome?
A) It refers to living alone after a divorce.
B) It refers to households where couples cannot biologically have children.
C) It refers to the departure of grown children from the home.
D) It refers to the rise of one-parent families.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 17
39) According to the Census Bureau, a ________ household consists of two or more people living
together who are related through marriage, birth, or adoption.
A) fictive
B) cohabiting
C) nonfamily
D) family
Answer: D
Page Ref: 17
40) During a debate about external influences on families, Lily argues that demographic changes have
had far-reaching consequences on American family life. However, Daniela argues otherwise and states
that demographic changes have had little influence on family patterns. Which of the following is an
accurate statement that supports Lily’s argument?
A) As people tend to live longer, they are more likely than in the past to outlive a partner, resulting in the
increasing number of singles.
B) Most U.S. families continue to stay in nuclear households despite a significant increase in the rate of
unemployment.
C) The U.S. birthrates have increased and there has been a significant increase in neolocal, nuclear
households.
D) Children now are more likely to be living in two-parent households due to a decline in the number of
births to unmarried women.
Answer: A
Page Ref: 17-18
41) Norman, a sociologist, studies the social interaction patterns of several tribes in specific settings. He
focuses on the choices that individuals in a tribe make. In this scenario, Norman is studying the tribe at
the ________ perspective.
A) macro-level
B) micro-level
C) global-level
D) nuclear-level
Answer: B
Page Ref: 21
42) A social scientist who studies the Industrial Revolution and its urbanization effects to understand a
society’s economy is using a ________.
A) nuclear-level perspective
B) cognitive-level perspective
C) micro-level perspective
D) macro-level perspective
Answer: D
Page Ref: 21
43) Which of the following is a difference between micro- and macro-level perspectives on the family?
A) Unlike the micro-level perspective, the macro-level perspective focuses only on the decisions taken by
the family members.
B) Unlike the macro-level perspective, the micro-level perspective focusses on external factors on which
families have little control.
C) Unlike the micro-level perspective, the macro-level perspective takes into account constraints such as
economic forces and technology.
D) Unlike the micro-level perspective, the macro-level perspective states that the economy has no role to
play when it comes to divorces.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 21
Difficulty: Hard
44) ________ perspective is a social science perspective that focuses on large-scale patterns and
processes that characterize society as a whole.
A) Nuclear-level
B) Cognitive-level
C) Macro-level
D) Micro-level
Answer: C
Page Ref: 21
45) Bryan and Rachel’s household consists of Bryan’s parents, Rachel’s mother, and two teenage
children. Bryan is the only working member of the family, and he provides financial support for the entire
family. In this scenario, Bryan and Rachel can be described as the ________ generation.
A) caregiver
B) pillar
C) sandwich
D) traditional
Answer: C
Page Ref: 22
46) Jamie’s dressing and eating habits are heavily influenced by television programs, Internet fads, and
pop music videos. Moreover, she acts and talks like her favorite actress as well. In this scenario, Jamie’s
behavior is most likely influenced by ________.
A) religious beliefs
B) family values
C) social movements
D) popular culture
Answer: D
Page Ref: 22
47) Emily believes in the marriage movement and thinks that the movement is important to help restore
the declining family. Which of the following is most likely to be one of Emily’s opinions?
A) Women should be more than just homemakers for a marriage to be successful.
B) Cohabiting couples can have happier family lives than married couples.
C) Federal and state benefits for children born to unmarried low-income mothers should be reduced.
D) Premarital counseling classes and marital skills programs are a waste of time and money as they do
not help increase marital success.
Answer: C
Page Ref: 23
48) Which of the following measures directly addresses family policy?

A) creating a poverty line
B) improving housing facilities
C) passing a new adoption law
D) controlling substance abuse
Answer: C
Page Ref: 23
49) Which of the following is an example of a direct family policy measure?

A) providing information on disabilities
B) identifying a clear financial poverty line
C) increasing the density of health care centers
D) passing a domestic violence law
Answer: D
Page Ref: 23
50) During a debate about families, Carlos states that it is important to have a cross-cultural and global
perspective. However, Clark argues otherwise and states that having a local perspective will serve
businesses better. Which of the following is an accurate statement that weakens Clark’s argument?
A) Many critics have observed that information and understanding about different cultures tend to foster
conflicts.
B) Studies show that there has been a significant rise in the number of endogamous marriages since the
last few decades.
C) The Internet has significantly reduced the need for us to learn and know about other societies and
cultures.
D) The world today is an international place where the changes facing families are not only national but
are also global.
Answer: D
Page Ref: 25
A-head: A Multicultural, Cross-Cultural, and Global Perspective on the Family
Difficulty: Hard
Learning Objective: 1.8 Explain why multicultural, cross-cultural, and global perspectives are important in
understanding families.
51) Explain the term fictive kin.

Answer: Fictive kin are nonrelatives who are accepted as part of the family because they have strong
bonds with biological family members and provide important services and care. These emotional ties may
be stronger and more lasting than those established by blood or marriage.
Page Ref: 3
Difficulty: Easy
52) What is a primary group? Explain with examples.

Answer: A primary group is a small group of people who are characterized by close, long-lasting, intimate,
and face-to-face interaction. The family is a critical primary group because it provides the nurturance,
love, and emotional sustenance that its members need to be happy, healthy, and secure. Our close
friends are usually members of our primary groups, but they may come and go. In contrast, our family is
usually our steadfast and enduring emotional anchor throughout life.
Page Ref: 6
53) Dave and Maya, a married couple, could not have biological children, and so they adopted Mark.
They lived independently, without their parents. Identify the family structure of Dave and Maya. What are
the other forms of family structures?
Answer: Bryan and Maya have a nuclear family structure. A nuclear family is one that is made up of a
wife, a husband, and their biological or adopted children. The other family form is the extended family,
which consists of parents and children as well as other kin, such as uncles and aunts, nieces and
nephews, cousins, and grandparents.
Page Ref: 8
54) How do families differ in residence patterns? Which is the most common pattern?
Answer: Families differ in where they live. There are three main residence patterns—patrilocal, matrilocal,
and neolocal. In a patrilocal residence pattern, newly married couples live with the husband’s family. In a
matrilocal residence pattern, they live with the wife’s family. And in a neolocal residence pattern, the
couple sets up its own residence. Around the world, the most common pattern is patrilocal, whereas in
industrialized societies such as the United States, married couples are typically neolocal.
Page Ref: 8-9
55) In his community, Jeff is legally allowed to have two wives. Against his wishes, he was forced by his
family to marry a second time. Identify and briefly describe the marriage practice that prevails in Jeff’s
community.
Answer: Polygamy is being practiced in James’s community. If the community supports polygamy only for
men, then polygyny is being practiced. Polygamy is a practice in which a man or woman has two or more
spouses. It is subdivided into polygyny—one man married to two or more women—and polyandry—one
woman with two or more husbands.
Page Ref: 9
56) Explain why the concept of “golden days” is either rejected or considered invalid.
Answer: Many historians believe that golden days never existed. According to them, people romanticize
the golden days only because they know so little about the past. Even in the 1800s, many families
experienced out of wedlock births, domestic violence, and desertion by a parent or spouse. Family life in
the good old days was filled with deprivation, loneliness, and danger. Families worked very hard and
often were crushed by accidents, illness, and disease. Until the mid-1940s, a much shorter life
expectancy meant that parental death often led to children’s placement in extended families, foster care,
or orphanages.
Page Ref: 11
myths.
57) Can myths be functional? Provide an example.

Answer: Not all myths are harmful. Some are functional because they bring people together and promote
social solidarity. For example, if myths give us hope that we can improve marriage and family life, we
won’t give up at the first sign of problems. In this sense, myths can help us maintain emotional balance
during crises. Myths can also free us from guilt or shame. For instance, “We fell out of love” is a more
face-saving explanation for getting a divorce than “I made a stupid mistake” or “I married an alcoholic.”
Page Ref: 14
myths.
58) Explain why some scientists believe that the family is changing and not declining.
Answer: Many analysts contend that family problems have always existed. Family studies published in
the 1930s, for example, included issues such as divorce, desertion, and family crises resulting from
discord, delinquency, and depression. Many researchers maintain that there is little empirical evidence
that family change is synonymous with family decline. Instead, data support both perspectives—the belief
that the family is in trouble as well as the notion that most families are resilient despite ongoing changes
in gender roles, divorce rates, and alternatives to marriage such as living together.
Page Ref: 16
59) Some scientists contend that divorce can be a good thing. Provide an accurate explanation that
supports this view.
Answer: In the past, many people stayed in unhappy marriages because of strong social norms and legal
divorce obstacles. Today, in contrast, adults can more easily get a divorce, establish a new relationship,
and raise children in a happier home.
Page Ref: 16
60) Frank believes that most people who live in the United States speak English. However, Charlie
argues that the number of people who are speaking other languages has risen in the past few decades.
Provide an explanation which is likely to support Charlie’s view.
Answer: Many people stereotype the United States as a single-language and single-culture society. In
reality, it’s the most multicultural country in the world: Diversity is booming, ethnic groups speak many
languages, and foreign-born families live in all the states. U.S. residents speak approximately 336
languages.
Page Ref: 19-20
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“Sure, we’ll round them up if it can be done,” announced Dick
Rover.
All entered the house, and very soon the boys and the others were
provided by the Corning sisters with a substantial breakfast. While
eating, the lads told their story and then the men questioned Ocker.
The good luck of the Rover boys in escaping from the cave and
falling in with the man who had guided them to the Corning place
was followed directly after breakfast by more good luck. Two
cowboys and six miners, including Lew Billings and Hank Butts,
came riding by the place and were immediately halted and told what
was in the air. These men at once agreed to join the others in an
attempt to bring Davenport and his cohorts to justice.
“I want to go along,” said Jack to his father when the posse was
ready to start, and the other lads echoed that sentiment, and
somewhat against the wishes of their parents the four boys joined
the men in the hunt for the rascals.
The round-up lasted until sundown, when Davenport, Tate and
Jackson were located by part of the crowd under Dick Rover.
Several shots were exchanged and Davenport received a slight
wound in the shoulder. Then the three men held up their hands in
token of surrender.
In the meantime the boys and some of the other men managed to
catch Digby and Booster. The young man who had so imposed upon
the lads in New York and Chicago did his best to get away and then
tried to show fight. But Jack promptly knocked him down by a
smashing blow on the jaw, and when Booster got up again Randy hit
him in the ear and Fred got behind him so that when Andy gave the
fellow a shove he went down flat on his back with a thud. Then he
was captured and his hands were bound tightly behind him.
“I don’t think you’ll play any more confidence games in a hurry,”
said Jack. And he was right, for as a result of his participation in the
plot against the boys, Joe Booster, as well as Digby, was sent to
prison for a number of years.
Davenport, Tate and Jackson looked much crestfallen when
confronted by the lads and their fathers. They were fearful of being
lynched, knowing that some of the miners and cowboys might be in
favor of such a proceeding. They were glad when the sheriff was
called and they were taken off to the county jail. They, too, were
sentenced to prison for long terms.
From Ocker Tom Rover was able to gain much information
regarding Peter Garrish and his method of running the Rolling
Thunder mine. As a result of this and the action of Tom and several
of the other large stockholders Garrish was compelled to cancel a
contract he had made with the ore company in which he and his
friends were interested and was likewise made to surrender some
stock which he had appropriated. Then he was allowed to retire, a
poorer if not a wiser man.
Because of what he had done for the boys and for Tom, Ocker
was not prosecuted. Instead, the Rovers gave him sufficient money
to buy his passage to the gold fields of Alaska where, they hoped, he
would turn over a new leaf and make a real man of himself.
“Well, they didn’t get that hundred and fifty thousand dollars after
all!” chuckled Randy after the rascals had been rounded up and the
boys were safe once more at Cal Corning’s house.
“No, they didn’t get it,” answered his father. “Just the same, we
were ready to pay it in case we couldn’t get any trace of you.”
“It certainly was a strenuous experience—being kept prisoners in
that cave on the mountainside,” said Jack. “I don’t believe we’ll ever
have such a thrilling thing happen again.” But Jack was mistaken.
More thrilling days were in store for the four lads, and what these
were will be related in another volume, to be entitled “The Rover
Boys Winning a Fortune.”
During the week the boys had spent as prisoners a number of
letters had come for them, including communications from their
mothers and from the girls, and also letters from Gif, Spouter and
Phil Franklin.
“Well, the girls are having a good enough time,” said Jack, who
was reading a letter from Ruth. “And I’m glad of it.”
“I suppose they’ll be coming home soon, now that the Davenport
crowd are rounded up,” returned Fred.
“Here’s good news from Phil Franklin!” burst out Andy. “He’s found
the silver trophy. Fished it up out of the lake two days after he sent
that last letter.”
“Good enough!” cried his twin. “Now we won’t have that on our
minds any more,” and his face showed his satisfaction. “Now if only
we could get a new cannon for Colonel Colby, to replace the one that
busted, we’ll be all right.” And let me add here that later on Jack’s
father did obtain a new piece from the government and it was
installed on the Military Academy campus with much ceremony.
And now, while the Rover boys are talking about their friends and
discussing the finding of the silver trophy, and their adventures while
prisoners on the mountainside, we will say good-by.
THE END
This Isn’t All!
Would you like to know what became of the good friends you have
made in this book?
Would you like to read other stories continuing their adventures and
experiences, or other books quite as entertaining by the same
author?
On the reverse side of the wrapper which comes with this book, you
will find a wonderful list of stories which you can buy at the same
store where you got this book.
Don’t throw away the Wrapper

Use it as a handy catalog of the books you want some day to have.
But in case you do mislay it, write to the Publishers for a complete
catalog.
THE FAMOUS ROVER BOYS SERIES
By ARTHUR M. WINFIELD
(EDWARD STRATEMEYER)
Beautiful Wrappers in Full Color
No stories for boys ever published have attained the tremendous

popularity of this famous series. Since the publication of the first
volume, The Rover Boys at School, some years ago, over three
million copies of these books have been sold. They are well written
stories dealing with the Rover boys in a great many different kinds of
activities and adventures. Each volume holds something of interest
to every adventure loving boy.
A complete list of titles is printed on the opposite page.
FAMOUS ROVER BOYS SERIES
BY ARTHUR M. WINFIELD
(Edward Stratemeyer)
OVER THREE MILLION COPIES SOLD OF THIS SERIES.
Uniform Style of Binding. Colored Wrappers.

Every Volume Complete in Itself.
THE ROVER BOYS AT SCHOOL

THE ROVER BOYS ON THE OCEAN
THE ROVER BOYS IN THE JUNGLE
THE ROVER BOYS OUT WEST
THE ROVER BOYS ON THE GREAT LAKES
THE ROVER BOYS IN THE MOUNTAINS
THE ROVER BOYS ON LAND AND SEA
THE ROVER BOYS IN CAMP
THE ROVER BOYS ON THE RIVER
THE ROVER BOYS ON THE PLAINS
THE ROVER BOYS IN SOUTHERN WATERS
THE ROVER BOYS ON THE FARM
THE ROVER BOYS ON TREASURE ISLE
THE ROVER BOYS AT COLLEGE
THE ROVER BOYS DOWN EAST
THE ROVER BOYS IN THE AIR
THE ROVER BOYS IN NEW YORK
THE ROVER BOYS IN ALASKA
THE ROVER BOYS IN BUSINESS
THE ROVER BOYS ON A TOUR
THE ROVER BOYS AT COLBY HALL
THE ROVER BOYS ON SNOWSHOE ISLAND
THE ROVER BOYS UNDER CANVAS
THE ROVER BOYS ON A HUNT
THE ROVER BOYS IN THE LAND OF LUCK
THE ROVER BOYS AT BIG HORN RANCH
THE ROVER BOYS AT BIG BEAR LAKE
THE ROVER BOYS SHIPWRECKED
THE ROVER BOYS ON SUNSET TRAIL
THE ROVER BOYS WINNING A FORTUNE
Grosset & Dunlap, Publishers, New York

WESTERN STORIES FOR BOYS
By JAMES CODY FERRIS
Individual Colored Wrappers and Illustrations by

WALTER S. ROGERS
Each Volume Complete in Itself.
Thrilling tales of the great west, told primarily for boys but which
will be read by all who love mystery, rapid action, and adventures in
the great open spaces.
The Manly Boys, Roy and Teddy, are the sons of an old ranchman,
the owner of many thousands of heads of cattle. The lads know how
to ride, how to shoot, and how to take care of themselves under any
and all circumstances.
The cowboys of the X Bar X Ranch are real cowboys, on the job
when required but full of fun and daring—a bunch any reader will be
delighted to know.
THE X BAR X BOYS ON THE RANCH

THE X BAR X BOYS IN THUNDER CANYON
THE X BAR X BOYS ON WHIRLPOOL RIVER
THE X BAR X BOYS ON BIG BISON TRAIL
THE X BAR X BOYS AT THE ROUND-UP
THE X BAR X BOYS AT NUGGET CAMP
THE X BAR X BOYS AT RUSTLER’S GAP
THE X BAR X BOYS AT GRIZZLY PASS
THE X BAR X BOYS LOST IN THE ROCKIES
GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

THE HARDY BOY’S SERIES
By FRANKLIN W. DIXON
Illustrated. Every Volume Complete in Itself.
T he Hardy Boys are sons of a celebrated American detective, and

during vacations and their off time from school they help their
father by hunting down clues themselves.
THE TOWER TREASURE

A dying criminal confessed that his loot had been
secreted “in the tower.” It remained for the Hardy Boys
to make an astonishing discovery that cleared up the
mystery.
THE HOUSE ON THE CLIFF

The house had been vacant and was supposed to
be haunted. Mr. Hardy started to investigate—and
disappeared! An odd tale, with plenty of excitement.
THE SECRET OF THE OLD MILL

Counterfeit money was in circulation, and the limit
was reached when Mrs. Hardy took some from a
stranger. A tale full of thrills.
THE MISSING CHUMS

Two of the Hardy Boys’ chums take a motor trip
down the coast. They disappear and are almost
rescued by their friends when all are captured. A
thrilling story of adventure.
HUNTING FOR HIDDEN GOLD
Mr. Hardy is injured in tracing some stolen gold. A
hunt by the boys leads to an abandoned mine, and
there things start to happen. A western story all boys
will enjoy.
THE SHORE ROAD MYSTERY

Automobiles were disappearing most mysteriously
from the Shore Road. It remained for the Hardy Boys
to solve the mystery.
THE SECRET OF THE CAVES

When the boys reached the caves they came
unexpectedly upon a queer old hermit.
THE MYSTERY OF CABIN ISLAND

A story of queer adventures on a rockbound island.
THE GREAT AIRPORT MYSTERY

The Hardy Boys solve the mystery of the
disappearance of some valuable mail.

THE TED SCOTT FLYING STORIES
By FRANKLIN W. DIXON
Illustrated. Each Volume Complete in Itself.
No subject has so thoroughly caught the imagination of young

America as aviation. This series has been inspired by recent daring
feats of the air, and is dedicated to Lindbergh, Byrd, Chamberlin and
other heroes of the skies.
OVER THE OCEAN TO PARIS;

or, Ted Scott’s Daring Long Distance Flight.
RESCUED IN THE CLOUDS;
or, Ted Scott, Hero of the Air.
OVER THE ROCKIES WITH THE AIR MAIL;
or, Ted Scott, Lost in the Wilderness.
FIRST STOP HONOLULU;
or, Ted Scott, Over the Pacific.
THE SEARCH FOR THE LOST FLYERS;
or, Ted Scott, Over the West Indies.
SOUTH OF THE RIO GRANDE;
or, Ted Scott, On a Secret Mission.
ACROSS THE PACIFIC;
or, Ted Scott’s Hop to Australia.
THE LONE EAGLE OF THE BORDER;
or, Ted Scott and the Diamond Smugglers.
FLYING AGAINST TIME;
or, Breaking the Ocean to Ocean Record.
OVER THE JUNGLE TRAILS;
or, Ted Scott and the Missing Explorers.
LOST AT THE SOUTH POLE;
or, Ted Scott in Blizzard Land.
THROUGH THE AIR TO ALASKA;
or, Ted Scott’s Search in Nugget Valley.

THE TOM SWIFT SERIES
By VICTOR APPLETON
Uniform Style of Binding. Individual Colored Wrappers.

Every boy possesses some form of inventive genius. Tom Swift is

a bright, ingenious boy and his inventions and adventures make the
most interesting kind of reading.
TOM SWIFT AND HIS MOTOR CYCLE

TOM SWIFT AND HIS MOTOR BOAT
TOM SWIFT AND HIS AIRSHIP
TOM SWIFT AND HIS SUBMARINE BOAT
TOM SWIFT AND HIS WIRELESS MESSAGE
TOM SWIFT AND HIS ELECTRIC RUNABOUT
TOM SWIFT AMONG THE DIAMOND MAKERS
TOM SWIFT IN THE CAVES OF ICE
TOM SWIFT AND HIS SKY RACER
TOM SWIFT AND HIS ELECTRIC RIFLE
TOM SWIFT IN THE CITY OF GOLD
TOM SWIFT AND HIS AIR GLIDER
TOM SWIFT IN CAPTIVITY
TOM SWIFT AND HIS WIZARD CAMERA
TOM SWIFT AND HIS GREAT SEARCHLIGHT
TOM SWIFT AND HIS GIANT CANNON
TOM SWIFT AND HIS PHOTO TELEPHONE
TOM SWIFT AND HIS AERIAL WARSHIP
TOM SWIFT AND HIS BIG TUNNEL
TOM SWIFT IN THE LAND OF WONDERS
TOM SWIFT AND HIS WAR TANK
TOM SWIFT AND HIS AIR SCOUT
TOM SWIFT AND HIS UNDERSEA SEARCH
TOM SWIFT AMONG THE FIRE FIGHTERS
TOM SWIFT AND HIS ELECTRIC LOCOMOTIVE
TOM SWIFT AND HIS FLYING BOAT
TOM SWIFT AND HIS GREAT OIL GUSHER
TOM SWIFT AND HIS CHEST OF SECRETS
TOM SWIFT AND HIS AIRLINE EXPRESS
TOM SWIFT CIRCLING THE GLOBE
TOM SWIFT AND HIS TALKING PICTURES
TOM SWIFT AND HIS HOUSE ON WHEELS
TOM SWIFT AND HIS BIG DIRIGIBLE

THE DON STURDY SERIES
By VICTOR APPLETON
Author of “The Tom Swift Series”
Every red-blooded boy will enjoy the thrilling adventures of Don

Sturdy. In company with his uncles, one a big game hunter, the other
a noted scientist, he travels far and wide—into the jungles of South
America, across the Sahara, deep into the African jungle, up where
the Alaskan volcanoes spout, down among the head hunters of
Borneo and many other places where there is danger and
excitement. Every boy who has known Tom Swift will at once
become the boon companion of daring Don Sturdy.
DON STURDY ON THE DESERT OF MYSTERY

DON STURDY WITH THE BIG SNAKE HUNTERS
DON STURDY IN THE TOMBS OF GOLD
DON STURDY ACROSS THE NORTH POLE
DON STURDY IN THE LAND OF VOLCANOES
DON STURDY IN THE PORT OF LOST SHIPS
DON STURDY AMONG THE GORILLAS
DON STURDY CAPTURED BY HEAD HUNTERS
DON STURDY IN LION LAND
DON STURDY IN THE LAND OF GIANTS

THE RADIO BOYS SERIES
(Trademark Registered)
By ALLEN CHAPMAN
Author of the “Railroad Series,” Etc.
Illustrated. Every Volume Complete in Itself.
Here is a series that gives full details of radio work both in sending
and receiving—how large and small sets can be made and operated,
and with this real information there are the stories of the radio boys
and their adventures. Each story is a record of thrilling adventures—
rescues, narrow escapes from death, daring exploits in which the
radio plays a main part. Each volume is so thoroughly fascinating, so
strictly up-to-date, and accurate that all modern boys will peruse
them with delight.
Each volume has a foreword by Jack Binns, the well known radio
expert.
THE RADIO BOYS FIRST WIRELESS

THE RADIO BOYS AT OCEAN POINT
THE RADIO BOYS AT THE SENDING STATION
THE RADIO BOYS AT MOUNTAIN PASS
THE RADIO BOYS TRAILING A VOICE
THE RADIO BOYS WITH THE FOREST RANGERS
THE RADIO BOYS WITH THE ICEBERG PATROL
THE RADIO BOYS WITH THE FLOOD FIGHTERS
THE RADIO BOYS ON SIGNAL ISLAND
THE RADIO BOYS IN GOLD VALLEY
THE RADIO BOYS AIDING THE SNOWBOUND
THE RADIO BOYS ON THE PACIFIC
THE RADIO BOYS TO THE RESCUE
THE RAILROAD SERIES
By ALLEN CHAPMAN
Author of the “Radio Boys,” Etc.
Uniform Style of Binding. Illustrated.

In this line of books there is revealed the whole workings of a great

American railroad system. There are adventures in abundance—
railroad wrecks, dashes through forest fires, the pursuit of a “wildcat”
locomotive, the disappearance of a pay car with a large sum of
money on board—but there is much more than this—the intense
rivalry among railroads and railroad men, the working out of running
schedules, the getting through “on time” in spite of all obstacles, and
the manipulation of railroad securities by evil men who wish to rule or
ruin.
RALPH OF THE ROUND HOUSE; or, Bound to Become a

Railroad Man.
RALPH IN THE SWITCH TOWER; or, Clearing the Track.
RALPH ON THE ENGINE; or, The Young Fireman of the Limited
Mail.
RALPH ON THE OVERLAND EXPRESS; or, The Trials and
Triumphs of a Young Engineer.
RALPH, THE TRAIN DISPATCHER; or, The Mystery of the Pay
Car.
RALPH ON THE ARMY TRAIN; or, The Young Railroader’s Most
Daring Exploit.
RALPH ON THE MIDNIGHT FLYER; or, The Wreck at Shadow
Valley.
RALPH AND THE MISSING MAIL POUCH; or, The Stolen
Government Bonds.
RALPH ON THE MOUNTAIN DIVISION; or, Fighting Both Flames
and Flood.
RALPH AND THE TRAIN WRECKERS; or, The Secret of the Blue
Freight Cars.
Transcriber’s Notes:
A List of Illustrations has been provided for the convenience
of the reader.
Printer’s, punctuation and spelling inaccuracies were silently
corrected.
Archaic and variable spelling has been preserved.
Variations in hyphenation and compound words have been
preserved.
*** END OF THE PROJECT GUTENBERG EBOOK THE ROVER
BOYS ON SUNSET TRAIL; OR, THE OLD MINER'S MYSTERIOUS
MESSAGE ***
Updated editions will replace the previous one—the old editions

will be renamed.
Creating the works from print editions not protected by U.S.

copyright law means that no one owns a United States copyright
in these works, so the Foundation (and you!) can copy and
distribute it in the United States without permission and without
paying copyright royalties. Special rules, set forth in the General
Terms of Use part of this license, apply to copying and
distributing Project Gutenberg™ electronic works to protect the
PROJECT GUTENBERG™ concept and trademark. Project
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9) What is a family policy? Explain.

1.2 Test Questions

4) ________ refer to culturally defined rules for behavior.

6) Which of the following is characteristic of a primary group?

20) Which of the following is true of the egalitarian family system?

22) A woman who has two or more husbands practices ________.

23) Which of the following is true of polyandry?

24) Which of the following is a myth about families in the past?

25) Which of the following is a myth about what is natural in families?

30) Which of the following is true of functional myths?

48) Which of the following measures directly addresses family policy?

49) Which of the following is an example of a direct family policy measure?

51) Explain the term fictive kin.

52) What is a primary group? Explain with examples.

57) Can myths be functional? Provide an example.

Don’t throw away the Wrapper

Beautiful Wrappers in Full Color

No stories for boys ever published have attained the tremendous

OVER THREE MILLION COPIES SOLD OF THIS SERIES.

Uniform Style of Binding. Colored Wrappers.

THE ROVER BOYS AT SCHOOL

Grosset & Dunlap, Publishers, New York

Individual Colored Wrappers and Illustrations by

THE X BAR X BOYS ON THE RANCH

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

Illustrated. Every Volume Complete in Itself.

T he Hardy Boys are sons of a celebrated American detective, and

THE TOWER TREASURE

THE HOUSE ON THE CLIFF

THE SECRET OF THE OLD MILL

THE MISSING CHUMS

THE SHORE ROAD MYSTERY

THE SECRET OF THE CAVES

THE MYSTERY OF CABIN ISLAND

THE GREAT AIRPORT MYSTERY

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

Illustrated. Each Volume Complete in Itself.

No subject has so thoroughly caught the imagination of young

OVER THE OCEAN TO PARIS;

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

Uniform Style of Binding. Individual Colored Wrappers.

Every boy possesses some form of inventive genius. Tom Swift is

TOM SWIFT AND HIS MOTOR CYCLE

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

Every red-blooded boy will enjoy the thrilling adventures of Don

DON STURDY ON THE DESERT OF MYSTERY

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK

Illustrated. Every Volume Complete in Itself.

THE RADIO BOYS FIRST WIRELESS

Uniform Style of Binding. Illustrated.

In this line of books there is revealed the whole workings of a great

RALPH OF THE ROUND HOUSE; or, Bound to Become a

GROSSET & DUNLAP, Publishers, NEW YORK