Gravimetric analysis

Each learner will require:

(a Eye protection
)
(b 1 x porcelain crucible, approximately 15 cm3, with lid
)
(c 1 x pipe-clay triangle
)
(d 1 x tongs (suitable to remove crucible lid)
)
(e 1 x Bunsen burner (spirit burners are not suitable)
)
(f) 1 x tripod
(g 1 x heatproof mat
)
[F (h 10–30 cm length of magnesium ribbon (cleaned with sandpaper to remove any surface
] ) corrosion)

(i) 1 x crucible tongs – optional

(j) Access to a balance reading to 2 dp.
(If a balance reading to 1 dp is used, the errors in mass will be significantly greater for
this procedure.)
(k Ruler and scissors
)

Reaction kinetics
Each learner will require:
(a) Eye protection
(b) access to 4 x 50 cm3 burette
(c) access to 4 x stand and burette clamp
(d) access to 4 x filter funnel (for filling burette)
(e) 1 x 50 cm3 measuring cylinder
(f) 1 x 100 cm3 beaker
(g) 1 x 250 cm3 beaker
(h) 1 x white tile
(i) 1 x glass rod
(j) 1 x stop clock to measure to an accuracy of 1 s
(k) paper towel
(l) 25 cm3 0.050 mol dm–3 potassium iodate(V)
(m) 35 cm3 0.031 mol dm–3 sodium sulfite
(n) 20 cm3 0.250 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid
(o) 20 cm3 starch indicator
(p) 250 cm3 distilled water

Enthalpy changes
Each learner will require:

(a) Eye protection

(b) 250 cm3 beaker
(c) 1 x foamed plastic (polystyrene) cup approximately 150 cm3
(d) 1 x thermometer (–10 ºC to +110 ºC at 1 ºC)
(e) 1 x weighing boat or 100 cm3 beaker
(f) 1 x 50 cm3 measuring cylinder
(g) access to a balance reading to at least 1 dp
[H] [N] (h) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 copper(II) sulfate
[F] [N] (i) 2.0 ± 0.1 g zinc powder (supplied in a stoppered container)

Reacting masses and volumes, a titration exercise

Each learner will require:

(a) Eye protection
(b) 1 x 50 cm3 burette
(c) 1 x burette stand and clamp
(d) 1 x filter funnel (for filling burette)
(e) 1 x 25 cm3 pipette
(f) 1 x pipette filler
(g) 1 x 100 cm3 beaker
(h) 1 x 250 cm3 volumetric (graduated) flask
(i) 1 x filter funnel (for transferring solution)
(j) 2 x 150 cm3 or 250 cm3 conical flask
(k) 1 x white tile
(l) 1 x glass rod
(m) 1 x spatula
(n) paper towel
(o) access to a balance reading to at least 1 dp.
[H] (p) approximately 2.5 g amidosulfonic acid (supplied in a stoppered container)
[H] (q) 140 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide
(r) 300 cm3 distilled water

Gas volume measurement

Each learner will require:
(a) Eye protection
 (b) 1 x 250 cm3 plastic or glass measuring cylinder
(c) 1 x stand, clamp and boss (for holding inverted measuring cylinder)
(d) 1 x side-arm conical flask or conical flask with suitable bung and
delivery tube (which may be rubber or plastic)
(e) 1 x tub suitable for acting as trough (for collecting gas over water)
(f) 1 x 25 cm3 measuring cylinder
(g) Paper towel
(h) Access to a balance reading to 2 dp.
(If a balance reading to 1 dp is used the errors in the mass will be
significantly greater for this procedure.)
[F] (i) 0.20 ± 0.02 g of magnesium ribbon, cleaned with sandpaper to
remove any surface corrosion. (This is approximately a 13.5 cm length
of ribbon. Lengths are easier to supply than small masses.)
[H] (j) 30 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 sulfuric acid
(k) Access to a tap for filling the tub and large measuring cylinder

Ionic equilibria
Each learner will require:
(a) Eye protection
(b) 2 x 100 cm3 beaker
(c) 1 x 50 cm3 burette
(d) 1 x burette stand and clamp
(e) 1 x filter funnel (for filling burette)
(f) 1 x 25 cm3 pipette
(g) 1 x pipette filler
(h) 1 x glass rod
(i) 2 x teat/dropping pipettes
(j) 1 x pH probe / pH meter
(k) 25 cm3 pH7 buffer solution (ammonium ethanoate)
[H] (l) 150 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 sodium hydroxide
(m) 120 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 ethanoic acid
(n) 120 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 ammonia
(o) 120 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 hydrochloric acid
[H] (p) 20 cm3 0.100 mol dm–3 potassium hydroxide
(q) paper towel
Cell potentials and the Nernst equation
Each learner will require:
(a) Eye protection
(b) 1 x 250 cm3 beaker
(c) 6 x 100 cm3 beaker (or smaller)
 (d) 1 x 25 cm3 measuring cylinder
(e) 1 x high resistance d.c. voltmeter or multimeter (reading to at least 0.1 V)
(f) 2 x crocodile clips
(g) 2 x connecting wires
(h) filter paper, scissors and forceps
[O] (i) 25 cm3 saturated aqueous potassium nitrate(V)
[H] (j) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 copper(II) sulfate
[N]
[H] (k) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 zinc sulfate
[N]
(l) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 magnesium sulfate
[H] (m) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 iron(II) sulfate
[H] (n) 50.0 cm3 1.0 mol dm–3 iron(III) chloride
(o) 50.0 cm3 0.05 mol dm–3 silver nitrate
(p) 50.0 cm3 0.02 mol dm–3 iodine dissolved in approx 0.05 mol dm–3 potassium iodide
(q) 1 x copper strip (electrode) with surface cleaned with fine sandpaper
(r) 1 x zinc (electrode) with surface cleaned with fine sandpaper
(s) 1 x magnesium ribbon (electrode) with surface cleaned with fine sandpaper
(t) access to silver electrode or silver wire (a silver ring may be used)
(u) access to platinum electrode
(v) potassium iodide