SMART PARKING SYSTEM -PHASE 3

Data and Processing

1.Sensors and Data Collection:
* Install IoT sensors (e.g., ultrasonic, magnetic, or infrared) in parking spaces to detect
vehicle presence and vacancy.
* Sensors continuously monitor parking spots and send data to a central server.

2.Data Processing and Storage:

* Data from sensors is processed in real-time to determine parking space availability.
*Store historical data for analysis and reporting.

3.User Interface and Mobile App:

* Develop a user-friendly mobile app or web interface for drivers to access parking
information.
* Provide real-time information on available parking spaces and navigation to the nearest
spot.

4.Parking Allocation Algorithm:

* Implement an algorithm that assigns parking spaces to incoming vehicles based on real-
time availability.
*Consider factors like proximity to the entrance, reserved spaces, and any special
requirements.

5.Payment Integration (optional):

*Integrate payment processing for users who need to pay for parking.
*Include options for various payment methods.

6.Reservations (optional):
*Allow users to reserve parking spaces in advance through the app.
7.Alerts and Notifications:
* Send notifications to users when a parking space becomes available or when their
reservation is about to expire.

8.Security and Authentication:

* Implement secure authentication for users and data encryption to protect sensitive
information.

9. Data Analytics and Reporting:

*Use historical data to analyze parking patterns, peak hours, and user preferences.
*Generate reports for parking lot management.

10.Maintenance and Remote Control:

*Monitor sensor health and system functionality.
*Allow for remote control of certain functions, like opening barriers or activating security
features.

11.Energy Efficiency:
*Optimize the power management of sensors to ensure longer battery life.

12.Scalability:
*Design the system to be easily scalable to accommodate more parking spaces and
users.

13.Feedback Loop:
*Collect feedback from users to improve the system's user experience continuously.
14.Machine Learning for Predictive Analysis (optional):
*Implement machine learning algorithms to predict parking space availability based on
historical data, events, or weather conditions.

15.Integration with Other Services (optional):

*Integrate with public transportation information or nearby services to enhance the
overall user experience.

USAGE
1. Raspberry Pi:
*The Raspberry Pi serves as the central hub of the system. It runs the necessary software
and handles data processing, communication, and integration with other components.

2. Sensors:
*IoT sensors, such as ultrasonic sensors, are used to measure specific parameters or detect
certain events. In the case of parking space occupancy, ultrasonic sensors can be deployed to
detect the presence of vehicles.

3. Wiring and Connections:

*Jumper wires are used to connect the sensors to the Raspberry Pi's GPIO pins. These
connections allow the Raspberry Pi to receive data from the sensors and control their
operation.

4. Data Collection:
*Python scripts are written on the Raspberry Pi to collect data from the connected
sensors. The script reads sensor values and performs any necessary calculations or
preprocessing before further processing or transmission.

5. Data Transmission:
*Once the sensor data is collected, it can be transmitted to the cloud or a mobile app
server for storage, analysis, or visualization. This transmission can be achieved using HTTP
requests, MQTT, or other communication protocols.

6. Cloud or Mobile App Server:

*A server is set up to receive the sensor data transmitted by the Raspberry Pi. This server
processes and stores the data, allowing for real-time monitoring, analytics, or integration
with other systems.
Connections &Scanners
1. Gather the necessary hardware:
*Raspberry Pi: You'll need a Raspberry Pi board (such as Raspberry Pi 4) to act as the
central processing unit.
*Ultrasonic sensors: Choose ultrasonic sensors to detect parking space occupancy. These
sensors emit ultrasonic waves and measure the time it takes for the waves to bounce back
from an object.
*Jumper wires: Use jumper wires to connect the sensors to the Raspberry Pi.
*Breadboard (optional): A breadboard can help with prototyping and connecting the
components.

2.Set up the Raspberry Pi:

* Install the Raspbian operating system on your Raspberry Pi. You can follow the official
documentation for detailed instructions.
*Connect the Raspberry Pi to a power source, monitor, and keyboard/mouse.

3. Connect the ultrasonic sensors:

*Connect the VCC pin of the sensor to the 5V pin on the Raspberry Pi.
*Connect the GND pin of the sensor to any ground pin on the Raspberry Pi.
*Connect the Echo pin of the sensor to a GPIO input pin on the Raspberry Pi.
*Connect the Trig pin of the sensor to a GPIO output pin on the Raspberry Pi.

4. Write Python scripts for sensor data collection and transmission:

*Install the necessary libraries: Use pip to install the required libraries, such as RPi.GPIO
and requests, by running the following commands in the terminal:
shell
pip install RPi.GPIO
pip install requests
=> Write a Python script that reads the sensor data:
python
import RPi.GPIO as GPIO
import time
import requests
# Set GPIO mode and pin numbers
GPIO.setmode(GPIO.BCM)
trig_pin = 23
echo_pin = 24
# Set API endpoint for sending data to the server
api_endpoint = "http://your-api-endpoint.com/parking_data"
# Initialize GPIO pins
GPIO.setup(trig_pin, GPIO.OUT)
GPIO.setup(echo_pin, GPIO.IN)
def measure_distance():
# Send a trigger pulse to start the measurement
GPIO.output(trig_pin, GPIO.HIGH)
time.sleep(0.00001)
GPIO.output(trig_pin, GPIO.LOW)
# Measure the pulse duration

while GPIO.input(echo_pin) == 0:
pulse_start = time.time()
while GPIO.input(echo_pin) == 1:
pulse_end = time.time()
# Calculate distance based on the pulse duration
pulse_duration = pulse_end - pulse_start
distance = pulse_duration * 17150
distance = round(distance, 2)
return distance
 def send_data(distance):
# Send the distance data to the server
payload = {"distance": distance}
response = requests.post(api_endpoint, data=payload)
if response.status_code == 200:
print("Data sent successfully!")
else:
print("Failed to send data.")
try:
while True:
# Measure the distance and send the data
distance = measure_distance()
send_data(distance)
# Delay before the next reading
time.sleep(1)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
# Clean up GPIO settings on keyboard interrupt
GPIO.cleanup()
*In the above code, the `measure_distance()` function reads the distance measured by the
ultrasonic sensor using GPIO pins. The `send_data()` function sends the distance data to the
server using a POST request.

5. Set up the cloud or mobile app server:

*Create an API endpoint to receive the distance data sent by the Raspberry Pi.
*Configure the server to process and store the received data as per our requirements.

6. Test the system:

*Connect the Raspberry Pi to the power source.
*Run the Python script on the Raspberry Pi (`python your_script.py`) and observe the
distance data being sent to the server.