Patronage of Mary Development School

Poblacion, Boljoon, Cebu

Tel. Nos. (032)482-9302 - Website: www.pmdsbc.com - Email Address: pmdsmamamary@gmail.com
S. Medida (Ext.) St., Poblacion, Boljoon, Cebu

LEARNING PACKET IN ENGLISH 6

LESSON 5

I. Topic :A GENERAL REFERENCES AND KINDS OF PRONOUNS

II. Objectives:
At the end of this lesson, the student should be able to:

1. identify the different kinds of general references,

2. distinguish singular from plural indefinite pronouns,
3. differentiate intensive from reflexive pronouns,
4. construct sentences using different kinds of pronouns, and
5. realize the value of critical in making decisions.

 Starter: (PAGE 55)

There are many reasons why there is hunger and

malnutrition around the globe. Poverty, inadequate
education, corruption in government, and climate change
are just some of these. In response to the food crisis,
scientists have made attempts to discover means of
increasing crop yield. There are now crops that can thrive
even in harsh weather conditions. One such means is the production of
Genetically-Modified food. Are you familiar with this kind of food?

An Interview with a Geneticist

(PAGE 56-57)
Interviewer: A pleasant day to everyone, and welcome to our morning
talk show. Today, we are very delighted to have with
us one of the best known geneticists of our time, Mr.
Gene Gopez, who will discuss Genetically-Modified
food.
Mr. Gopez: Good morning, John. The pleasure is mine.
Interviewer: I’m sure our audience would like to know
more about this morning’s topic. What is
Genetically-Modified food?
Mr. Gopez: The term Genetically-Modified food is used to refer to crops,
the DNA of which have been altered through Genetic Engineering.
Through this, we geneticists can create plants with certain desired
traits such as improved nutritional content.
Interviewer: I see. What are the most common crops that have been
modified?
Mr. Gopez: These are corn, soybean, canola seed oil, tomato, and rice.
Geneticists first tried applying genetic engineering on the tomato. It
was made more resistant to rotting. This was followed by the insect-
resistant cotton and the herbicide-tolerant soybeans which were first
released in the market in 1996.
Interviewer: What do you mean by “resistant to rotting”?
Mr. Gopez: It means that they do not produce substances which cause
them to rot. Genetic engineering has also produced corn which is
pesticide-tolerant.
Interviewer: Kindly explain the term pesticide-tolerant.
Mr. Gopez: Normally, if a farmer applies an amount of pesticide to plants,
this could harm the plant. But a Genetically-Modified
plant will not be harmed by the presence of the crop
spray though applied in great amount.
Interviewer: Yes, pesticides have always been a
problem. They aren’t harmful only to the crops, but
to human as well. Ah, Mr. Gopez, how about the
famous BT corn? Tell us more about it.
Mr. Gopez: Oh, the B.T. corn. B.T. or Bacillus thuringiensis is a naturally
occurring bacterium which produces crystal proteins that are lethal to
insect larvae. These crystal proteins are added to the plant itself.
Therefore, the possibility of insect attacks is less likely to happen.
Interviewer: Mr. Gopez, with this genetic modification, people say that it
may have a possible unwholesome effect on biodiversity. If Herbicide-
tolerant crops are sprayed with herbicide, wild plants might not be
able to survive. Yes, it might mean insect-free crops but this could
result in the decline of other wildlife such as birds which feed on weed
seeds. Thus, there are doubts if this would be truly beneficial in the
end. Sir, could you please cite the benefits that we can get from
genetic engineering?
Mr. Gopez: Well, for one, creating plants which can thrive under relatively
hostile conditions in some countries will already be possible with
genetic modifications, thus, providing much needed food to people.
And like I said earlier, it is now possible to improve the nutritional
content of our food. For example, we have this genetically modified
rice that contains high amount of vitamin A which could help people
with this vitamin deficiency, especially those who live in Third World
Countries.
Interviewer: Thank you, Mr. Gopez, for such an enlightening discussion on
Genetically-Modified food. I am sure that our audience has learned a
lot. See you all next time for another interesting issue that concerns
our society. Good day everyone!

General References (PAGE 58)

References materials help you look for information you need.

There are different kinds of reference materials.

1. Online references – materials that are available on computer

databases.
- You use them to search factual information, articles,
images, and other documents related to the different
multiple areas of study including mathematics, science,
geography, history, arts, music, and many more.
 2. Atlas- a book or collection of maps of different continents and
countries. It is also a collection of charts, plates, or tables illustrating
Earth’s geographic features.
3. Dictionary – a book containing an alphabetical listing of words, with
information given for each word, usually including meaning,
pronunciation, and origin of the world.
4. Thesaurus - a book of synonyms and antonyms.
5. Almanac – an annually published book containing general
information, particularly statistical data and details of significant and
interesting facts and events.
6. Encyclopedia – a detailed reference work consisting of articles on a
wide range of subjects or on numerous aspects of a particular field.
7. Newspaper – a written publication containing news and information
on global, national, and local issues. It also contains featured articles
and advertisements.

OTHER KINDS OF PRONOUNS

(PAGE 56-60)
You have already learned that a pronoun is
a part of speech that may take the place of a
noun. And you were already introduced to
some of its kind. In this lesson, you will learn
the other kinds of pronouns.

 Indefinite pronouns - are pronouns that refer to something that is

not definite, specific, or exact.

Examples:
Somebody asked if these GM foods are safe to eat.
Another reacted that it is interfering with the process of nature.

The commonly used indefinite pronouns are the following:

Singular Plural Singular or Plural
anybody, anyone, anything,
everybody, everyone, both , few, all, any, none, some
everything, nobody, no one, many, several,
nothing, somebody, another, each, most
either, neither, one

It may be difficult to remember which indefinite pronouns are

singular and which are plural. Try to understand first the plural ones. By the
words themselves, they all mean more than one. In memorizing the
singular pronouns, notice that most of them are compound words that start
with any, every, no, and some, and that each ends with body, one, and
thing. After realizing this, you only have five left to remember. On the
other hand, singular or plural pronouns will be tricky. Their will depend on
how they are used in the sentence.

 Intensive pronouns - are pronouns that end with self or selves and
emphasize or intensify a noun or another pronoun. These pronouns
 should agree with the person and number of the noun or pronoun they
are referring to.
The following are intensive pronouns:
Singular Plural
First Person Myself Ourselves
Second Person Yourself Yourselves
Third Person Himself, herself, itself themselves

Examples:
The farmers were doing all the work themselves.
The geneticist himself agreed to the interview.

Notice that most of the root words are possessive except for him, it
and them. There should be no problem remembering these pronouns.
Theirselves, hisself, and meself are NOT grammatically correct.

 Reflexive pronouns – are the same as intensive pronouns but they

are not used to emphasize a noun or another pronoun. Instead, they
point back to the subject of the sentence.

Examples:
He wanted to buy the land for himself.
Without government aid, the scientists had to support themselves.

Since reflexive and intensive pronouns are alike in form, there may be
some confusion in recognizing one from the other. One way to avoid
confusion is to understand the sentence and see if the pronoun is
intensifying a previous noun or pronoun or just referring back to it.
Another is try removing the pronoun and see if the sentence is lacking a
word to complete. If the missing pronoun does not affect the content of
the sentence, it is most probably an intensive pronoun.

 Reciprocal pronouns - show a mutual relationship or tell that an

action is two-way. Each other and one another are reciprocal
pronouns.
Each other – is used when the group consists of just two people,
animals, or things.
One another - is used when the groups consists of more than two
people, animals, or things.

Examples:
The two geneticists discussed the problem with each other.
Human beings help one another in solving the crisis.

III. Review / Enhancement Activity

Take note that reference materials provide needed information on

a topic. The different kinds of reference materials are encyclopedias,
dictionaries, handbooks, directories, and almanacs.
 Read the dialogue below and identify the pronouns used.

Student A: Hello! Anybody home?

Student B: Nobody is in there.
Student A: That is too bad. If no one’s home, I cannot give this
prize meant for everybody in the house.

IV. Learning Task / Worksheet / Activity Sheet

MODULAR STUDENTS: Answer exercises in your book on page 58,

pages 61-62 (activity 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5), and on page 63 (something to
write about) only. Please bring the answered book once you’re done or
anytime you visit the school.
ONLINE STUDENTS: Answer exercises in your book on page 58,
pages 61-62 (activity 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5), and on page 63 (something to
write about) only. Please have it scanned or take a clear photo of your
answers and send it to my gmail account (ruthpmds@gmail.com).

V. References / Materials
Books:

Belagan, Buensuceso, Conducto.2015. English for Global Communication. Don Bosco

Press, Inc.
Sapuay, L. F. (2017). Avenues in English Integrated Reading and Language. Innovative
Educational Materials, Inc.
Padilla, C. H., Sison, J. D. (2010). Gateway to Better English. Bookman, Inc.
Bambico, A. R., Galapon, A. P., Relente, C. A., Santos, R. T., Angeles, E. B. (2014).
Rainbows in English. Vibal Group, Inc.
Ribo, L. M. (2016). Across Borders Through Reading. Vibal Group, Inc.
Surot, T. A., Jocson, J. V. (2008). Crossing Boundaries Through English Integrated
Reading and Language. Ephesians Publishing, Inc.
Navarro, M. L. (2010). Building Better English for Global Communication. St. Augustine
Publications, Inc.

Online Sources:
Retrieved from https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_j9HWLvc6_I

Prepared by: Checked by:

RUTH U. MALLORCA
Subject Teacher EDGARDO M. CABASE, JR.
Subject Coordinator

Approved:
Reviewed by:

EMILIA O. ANORICO ROUEL A. LONGINOS, Ed. D., Ph.D.

Department Chair - Elementary School Director/ Principal