IGCSE 0625 PHYSICS Quick Revision (Formula)
1. Motion, forces and energy
1 For constant motion:
2 For acceleration ‘a’
3 Graph
4 Weight and mass
5 Density ‘ρ’ in kg/m3
6 Force F in newton (N)
7 Terminal Velocity
8 Hooke’s Law
9 Moment of a force in N.m
10 Law of moment or
equilibrium:
11 Law of
conservation of
momentum:
12 Work done W joules (J)
13 Kinetic Energy Ek in
joules (J)
14 Potential Energy Ep in
joules (J)
15 Law of conservation of
energy:
16 Power in watts (W)
17 Pressure p in pascal (Pa)
18 Pressure p due to liquid
Sh. Maaungoodhoo School
‘v’ is the velocity in m/s, ‘s’ is the
distance or displacement in
𝑣=
meters and ‘t’ is the time in
seconds
− u is the initial velocity, v is the
=
final velocity and t is the time.
Area of a rectangular shaped graph In velocity-time graph
= base × height. the area under the graph is the
total distance covered by an object.
Area of triangular shaped graph = Gradient is the acceleration
½ × base × height
w is the weight in newton (N), m
is the mass in kg and g is
= ×
acceleration due to gravity = 10
m/s2
= m is the mass and V is the volume
= × m is the mass and a is the
acceleration
ℎ ( )= ( )
F is the force, x is the extension in
= × meters and k is the spring
constant.
= × F is the force and d is the
distance from the pivot
=
=> × = ×
Total momentum before = Total momentum after
=> m u + m × u = m1v1 + m2v2 (Elastic collision)
=> m1 u1 + m2 × u2 = M V (Inelastic collision, Joined)
= × F is the force and d is the
distance covered by an object
1 m is the mass(kg) and v is the
= × × velocity (m/s)
2
m is the mass (kg) and g is the
= × ×ℎ
acceleration due to gravity and h
is the height from the ground.
=
1
× ×ℎ= × ×
2
Power is the rate of doing work
=
=
F is the force in newton(N) and A
= is the area in m2
ρ is the density in kg/m3, g is the
acceleration due to garvity and h
= × ×ℎ
is the height or depth of liquid in
meters.
IGCSE 0625 Physics Quick Rivision 2024 Page1
 2. Thermal physics

1 Pressure and volume relationship
(Boyle’s law)
Least kinetic energy
Lowest possible temperature
2 Specific Heat Capacity:
The amount of heat required to
raise the temperature of 1 kg mass
by 1oC.
3 Thermal or heat transfer
4 Emitters and Radiators
pV=constant p1 and p2 are the two pressures in Pa
× = × and V1 and V2 are the two volumes in m3
Absolute zero,
(−273 °C = 0 K) T (in K) = θ (in °C) + 273
c is the specific heat capacity in J/kgoC,
= Q is the total heat in joules (J),
×∆
m is the mass in kg and
Δθ is the change in temperature
In solid = conduction
In liquid and gas = convection and also convection current
In vacuum = radiation
Dull black surface = good emitter, good radiator, bad reflector
Bright shiny surface = poor emitter, poor radiator, good reflector

3. Waves

1 Wave equation v is the speed of wave in m/s 1 T is the time

= ×
f is the frequency in Hz =
period
λ is the wavelength in meters
2 P-Wave: Parallel - Longitudinal. S- Wave: Perpendicular- Transverse wave
3 Movement of the particles Longitudinal waves=> back and forth in the direction of the
of the medium waves
Transverse waves=> perpendicular to the direction of the waves
4 Law of reflection Angle of incidence i = angel of reflection
=
5 Refraction From lighter to denser medium → light bend towards the normal
From denser to lighter medium →light bend away from the
normal
6 Refractive index n Refractive index has no unit
=
7 Refractive index n ℎ
=
ℎ ℎ
8 Absolute Refractive index Sin ( Angle in air)
=
Sin ( Angle in the medium)
9 Image from a plane mirror Virtual, upright, same size and laterally inverted,
same distance from the mirror inside
10 Image from a convex lens When close: virtual, enlarge, upright
When far: real, small, upside down
11 Image from a concave lens Virtual, upright, small
12 Critical angle When light goes from denser to lighter medium, the incident
angle at which the reflected angle is 90o,is called critical angle.
13 Total internal When light goes from denser to lighter medium, the refracted ray
reflection(TIR) bend inside the same medium then this is called (TIR)
14 Electromagnetic Spectrum:→ this way the frequency decreases and wavelength increases
Gamma rays ↔ X-rays ↔ UV ↔ Visible light ↔ IR ↔ Micro waves ↔ Radio waves
Sh. Maaungoodhoo School IGCSE 0625 Physics Quick Rivision 2024 Page2
 15 Colours of visible VIBGYOR (from bottom-up)
spectrum (light)
16 Speed of light In air: 3×108m/s In glass: 2×108m/s
17 Light wave Electromagnetic waves
18 Sound wave longitudinal waves
particle of the medium come close → compression
particles of the medium far apart → rarefaction
19 Echo 2× v is the speed of sound waves,
= d is the distance in meters
between source and the
20 = reflection surface and
Direct
t is the time for echo
21 Properties of sound waves Pitch :related with the frequency of the wave
Loudness: related with the amplitude of the wave
22 Speed of sound waves Air : 330-340 m/s
Water: 1400 m/s
Concrete : 5000 m/s
Steel: 6000 m/s

4. Electricity and magnetism

1 Ferrous Materials
2 Non-ferrous materials
3 Current
4 the work done or energy transferred
Voltage ( emf)
Attracted by magnet and can be Eg. iron, steel, nickel and cobalt
magnetized
Not attracted by magnet and copper, silver, aluminum, wood, glass
cannot be magnetized
Q In circuits the current always choose
I= t
. the easiest path .
Opposite to the electron flow.
V = W
Q per unit charge

5 Voltage across the resistor is

Ohms law
6 Electrical power
7 Electrical Energy
8 Circuit
= directly proportional to current,
V is the voltage in volts (V),
I is the current in amperes (A) and
R is resistance in ohms (Ω)
P = IV
E = Pt = IVt. Energy transferred (kWh) = power (kW) × time (hours)
In series circuit→ the current stays the same and voltage divides
In parallel circuit → the voltage stays the same and current divides

Sh. Maaungoodhoo School IGCSE 0625 Physics Quick Rivision 2024 Page3
9 Resistance in series . = + +
1 1 1 1 R, R1, R2 and R3 are resistances of
10 Resistance in parallel
= + + resistor in ohms
11 Potential divider
=
12 Potential divider
=( )× =( )×
+ +
13 Power P is the power in watts (W)
= × = × =
14 Power The unit of energy is joules (J)
=
15 Transformer Vp is the voltage in primary coil,
= Vs is the voltage in secondary coil
np is the no of turns in primary and
ns is the no of turns in secondary
16 Transformer Power of primary coil = power of secondary coil
=
× = ×
=
Ip is the current in primary coil and Is the current in secondary coil
17 Cathode rays Stream of electrons emitted from heated metal (cathode). This process is
called thermionic emission.
5. Nuclear physics

1 Atomic symbol A is the total no of protons and neutrons

Z is the total no of protons (or electrons)

2 Isotopes Same number of protons but different number of neutrons

3 Alpha particles ( 24α) Helium nucleus, Stopped by paper, Highest ionization potential

4 Beta-particles ( -10β ) Fast moving electrons, Stopped by aluminum, Less ionization potential
5 Gamma-particles (00γ) Electromagnetic radiation
Only stopped by thick a sheet of lead , Least ionization potential
6 Half-life The time taken for half its radioactive nuclei to decay.

6. Space physics

1 r is the radius of the orbit

2 πr
Orbital speed v= T T is the orbital duration.
2 speed of galaxy moving away from Earth
Hubble constant H0 = v
d distance of the galaxy from Earth
3
Estimate for the age 1 d The current estimate for H0 = 2.2 × 10–18 per second.
of the Universe = The reciprocal (inverse) of the Hubble constant is known
H0 v as Hubble time (T0).
Age of Universe is estimated as 1.43 x 1010 Years.

Sh. Maaungoodhoo School IGCSE 0625 Physics Quick Rivision 2024 Page4