NON LEATHER STUDIES & PROCESSES- 1

Anjali
Nancy Gupta
Saanchee Bhanu

LACES | RIBBONS | BEADS | SEQUINS

LACES
HISTORY
Lace has a rich history dating back to the
Renaissance era, originating in Italy, Belgium, and
France. Initially crafted by hand using intricate
techniques, lace adorned garments of nobility,
symbolizing wealth and status. The Industrial
Revolution in the 19th century introduced machine-
made lace, democratizing its accessibility. Lace
evolved through various styles like Chantilly,
Venetian, and Guipure, each reflecting cultural
influences and design innovations. Today, lace
remains a timeless embellishment in fashion, used
in bridal gowns, lingerie, and haute couture,
preserving its legacy as a symbol of elegance and
craftsmanship across generations.
 TYPES
There are numerous types of lace, including Chantilly lace, Venetian lace, Guipure lace, Alençon lace,
and Raschel lace, each distinguished by unique patterns, textures, and techniques, catering to
various aesthetic preferences and design applications in fashion and textiles.
 Chantilly Lace:
Originating from Chantilly, France.
Features delicate floral patterns on a sheer net
background.
Known for its romantic and feminine appearance,
often used in bridal gowns and lingerie.

Guipure Lace:
Also called Venetian or Macramé lace.
Characterized by its dense and raised design
motifs.
Offers a bold and structured look, suitable for both
garments and home décor.
 Alençon Lace:
Named after the city of Alençon, France.
Recognizable for its fine needlework and intricate
floral designs.
Often used in wedding dresses and haute couture for
its elegance and craftsmanship.

Venise Lace:
Originating from Venice, Italy.
Features dense, three-dimensional motifs with a
scalloped edge.
Adds a luxurious and vintage-inspired touch to
garments, accessories, and home furnishings.
 Nottingham Lace:
Produced in Nottingham, England.
Known for its geometric and floral designs with
openwork motifs.
Offers a lightweight and airy feel, suitable for
curtains, tablecloths, and fashion garments.

Bobbin Lace:
Crafted using bobbins and a pillow to weave
intricate patterns.
Provides a handmade and intricate lace with a
variety of designs and textures.
Often used for decorative edging on garments,
accessories, and household linens.
 Schiffli Lace:
Created using Schiffli embroidery machines.
Features detailed motifs with a machine-made
precision.
Offers versatility and affordability, commonly used in
ready-to-wear fashion and lingerie.

Raschel Lace:
Produced on Raschel knitting machines.
Known for its intricate and textured designs.
Offers a variety of patterns, including floral,
geometric, and abstract.
Commonly used in lingerie, dresses, and
decorative accents.
RIBBONS
HISTORY
Ribbons trace their origins to ancient civilizations like
Egypt and China, where they adorned attire and were
symbols of status. In medieval Europe, ribbons gained
popularity in clothing and hair accessories, often
indicating wealth and social class. The Renaissance
saw ribbons embellishing garments, with intricate
designs and vibrant colors. The Industrial Revolution
revolutionized ribbon production, making them more
accessible to all social classes. In the Victorian era,
ribbons became synonymous with femininity,
decorating dresses, hats, and gifts. Today, ribbons
remain versatile, used in fashion, crafts, and
decorations, preserving their legacy as timeless
adornments with a rich cultural history.
 TYPES
There are numerous types of ribbons, including satin, grosgrain, organza, velvet, lace, sheer, metallic,
and wired ribbons. Each type offers unique textures, appearances, and applications, catering to a
variety of crafting, decorating, and fashion needs.
 Satin Ribbons:
Smooth and glossy surface.
Luxurious appearance, suitable for elegant designs.
Available in a wide range of colors and widths.
Ideal for gift wrapping, floral arrangements, and
formal attire.

Grosgrain Ribbons:
Ribbed texture running across the width.
Durable and sturdy, suitable for various crafts and
projects.
Offers a classic, understated look.
Often used in hair accessories, garment
embellishments, and packaging.
 Organza Ribbons:
Sheer and lightweight fabric.
Delicate and airy appearance.
Adds a touch of elegance and sophistication to
decorations and gifts.
Commonly used for wedding décor, party favors, and
DIY crafts.

Velvet Ribbons:
Soft and plush texture.
Provides a luxurious and opulent feel.
Perfect for adding a touch of glamour to garments,
accessories, and home decor.
Available in rich, deep colors, ideal for festive
occasions.
 Lace Ribbons:
Intricate and delicate patterns.
Adds a romantic and vintage charm to any project.
Often used in wedding decorations, invitations, and
feminine apparel.
Offers a timeless elegance suitable for various
crafting and decorative purposes.

Sheer Ribbons:
Transparent and lightweight.
Delicate appearance with a subtle shimmer.
Adds an elegant and ethereal touch to decorations
and gifts.
Ideal for wrapping bouquets, accenting wedding
décor, and creating layered effects.
 Wired Ribbons:
Contains flexible wire along the edges for shaping.
Holds its form, making it ideal for bows and
decorative accents.
Offers versatility in styling and manipulation.
Perfect for wreaths, gift wrapping, and seasonal
decorations.

Metallic Ribbons:
Features a shiny, metallic finish.
Adds a touch of glamour and sophistication to gifts
and decorations.
Available in gold, silver, bronze, and other metallic
hues.
Ideal for special occasions, holiday décor, and
crafting projects.
BEADS
HISTORY
Beads have a rich history dating back thousands of
years, with archaeological evidence suggesting their
use in ancient cultures like Egypt, Mesopotamia, and
China. Initially crafted from natural materials like
shells, stones, and seeds, beads held cultural and
religious significance, used as symbols of wealth,
status, and spirituality. The Middle Ages witnessed
intricate beadwork adorning garments and accessories
in Europe, while trade routes expanded bead
distribution worldwide. The Renaissance era saw the
rise of glass beads in Venice, revolutionizing bead-
making techniques. Today, beads continue to
captivate with their diverse forms, serving as artistic
expressions in jewelry, fashion, and beyond.
 TYPES
There are countless types of beads, ranging from seed beads, glass beads, and gemstone beads to
wood beads, metal beads, and ceramic beads, each offering unique shapes, colors, and textures for
various crafting and jewelry-making purposes.
 Seed Beads:
Tiny, uniformly shaped beads.
Available in various sizes and colors.
Used for intricate beadwork and embroidery.

Glass Beads:
Made from molten glass, often with colorful
designs.
Offered in a wide range of shapes and finishes.
Popular for creating vibrant jewellery pieces.
 Gemstone Beads:
Cut and polished natural stones.
Each bead exhibits unique colors and patterns.
Used to create elegant and luxurious jewellery.

Wood Beads:
Made from various types of wood.
Lightweight and eco-friendly.
Ideal for rustic and natural-looking jewellery
designs.
 Metal Beads:
Crafted from metals like sterling silver, brass, or
pewter.
Come in various shapes, sizes, and finishes.
Add shine and elegance to jewellery pieces.

Ceramic Beads:
Handcrafted from clay and fired in a kiln.
Offered in diverse shapes, colors, and textures.
Provide a unique and artisanal touch to jewellery.
 Crystal Beads:
Cut glass beads with a high level of clarity and
brilliance.
Available in a variety of shapes and sizes.
Often used to add sparkle and glamour to jewellry
designs.

Polymer Clay Beads:

Handmade beads crafted from polymer clay.
Can be molded into various shapes and colors.
Perfect for creating personalized and whimsical
jewellery pieces.
SEQUINS
HISTORY
Sequins have a glittering history dating back to
ancient civilizations like Egypt and Greece, where
they adorned ceremonial garments and accessories.
In medieval Europe, sequins embellished royalty's
attire, symbolizing opulence and prestige. The
Renaissance saw the rise of sequin embroidery in
luxurious textiles. Industrialization in the 19th century
led to mass production, making sequins more
accessible. The 20th century brought sequins into
mainstream fashion, with Hollywood stars flaunting
them in glamorous attire. Today, sequins continue to
dazzle in haute couture and ready-to-wear fashion,
evolving with modern techniques and materials while
retaining their timeless allure.
 TYPES
There are various types of sequins, including flat, cup, holographic, metallic, iridescent, matte, and
shaped sequins. Each type differs in shape, size, texture, and finish, offering versatility for different
fashion and craft applications.
 Flat Sequins:
Thin, flat discs with a smooth surface.
Commonly used for subtle shimmer and delicate
embellishments.

Cup Sequins:
Concave-shaped sequins with a curved center.
Reflects light in multiple directions, creating a
more pronounced sparkle.
 Holographic Sequins:
Reflective sequins with a holographic coating.
Produces a mesmerizing rainbow effect when
exposed to light.

Metallic Sequins:
Made from metallic-coated materials like
aluminum or brass.
Offers a bold and shiny finish, ideal for statement
pieces.
 Iridescent Sequins:
Displays shifting colors depending on the angle of
light.
Adds a dynamic and enchanting effect to garments
and accessories.

Matte Sequins:
Non-shiny sequins with a muted or matte finish.
Provides a subtle and sophisticated look, suitable
for understated elegance.
 Shaped Sequins:
Sequins crafted in various shapes such as stars,
hearts, or flowers.
Adds visual interest and versatility to designs,
allowing for creative embellishments.

Reversible Sequins:
Sequins with two different colors on each side.
Can be flipped to reveal a contrasting color,
offering versatility in design.
 THANKYOU
Refrences:
Types of Laces: https://sewguide.com/types-of-lace-fabric-trims/
History of Sequins:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sequin#:~:text=Sequins%20(mainly%20made%20out%20of,as%20a%20consequence%20of%20Egyptomania.
History of Beads:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bead#:~:text=Beads%20represent%20some%20of%20the,of%20making%20things%20with%20beads.
Types of Apparel Pipings: https://www.doinaalexei.com/sewing-corded-
seams.html#:~:text=%E2%80%8BCording%2C%20also%20known%20as,%2C%20satin%2C%20leather%20and%20suede.
Types of Ribbons: https://renaissanceribbons.com/pages/types-of-ribbons
History of Laces: https://www.sfomuseum.org/exhibitions/lace-sumptuous-
history#:~:text=Lace%3A%20A%20Sumptuous%20History%201600s,and%20bobbin%20lace%E2%80%94began%20simultaneously.