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    Cuet pg 2021

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    Cuet pg 2021

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    Wa0023.

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    Cuet pg 2021

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    Number Series, Coding & Decoding & Odd Man Out Meaning | A natural number is a_whole and non-negative number. Example 1,23,4,5,6,7,8,9..0. Next Natural Number = 10 Meaning ‘A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are 1 and itself, ‘Example 2.3.57, 11,13, 17, 19,7 ‘Next Prime Number = 23 ‘Meaning ‘A_ number that cannot be divided exactly by 2. Example 13,5,7.9, 11,13, 17,19,? ‘Next Odd Number = 21 ‘A__mumber that can be divided exactly by 2 2,4,6,8,10,12,14,16,18,20, ? ‘Next Even Number = 22 Meaning | An arrangement of numbers in a definite order according to some rule is called a sequence. Example 1. Finite Sequence (which has finite terms): 2,4, 6, 8, 10, 12 isa finite sequence, 2. Infinite Sequence (which has infinite terms): 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12.... is an infi- nite sequence whose nth term is given by the formula a, =2n~ 1, where nis a natural number. Meaning ‘A series is obtained by adding all the terms of a sequence. Example 1 Finite Series (which has finiteterms): 2+4+6+8+ 10+ I2isafinite sequence. 2. Infinite Series (which has infinite terms): 2 +4 +64 8410+ 12... is an infinite sequence whose nth term is given by the formula a, = 2 ~ 1, where n is a natural number. 4.4 Tulsian's Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Ifthe terms of a sequence follow certain pattern, then the sequence is called a progression. ‘Meaning ‘A sequence in which the difference between the term and_its previous term is always a constant quantity, The next term of AP is obtained by adding/subtract- ing « constant number to its previous term. ‘The constant numbers called the common difference ofthe A.P.InanA.P.the first term is generally denoted by a, the common difference by d and the nth term by fy tnt : Three numbers a, b, carein AP. if 2b= atc Example is an A.P. whose first term is 1 and common difference is 2. The 0, 7,4, 1, -2,~5,-8, .. 18 an A.P. whose first term is 7 and common difference is -3, The next term = -8 + (-3)=—I1 ‘Common Dif- ference (@) in case of odd numbers of terms d (b) in case of even numbers of terms 2d nth term 1, of an AP, If ais the first term and d is the common difference of an A.P, then its nth term 1, is given by 4=a+(n— Dd Sum to first ‘Terms of an AP. S, = n/2[a-+ 1, where Lis the last term a + (n~ 1)d. ‘Meaning ‘A sequence in which the ratio of a term and. its previous term is always a constant quantity. The next term of GP is obtained by dividing or multiplying its previous number by a non-zero constant number. ‘The constant ratio, generally denoted by r, is called common ratio. Note: The non-zero numbers a, b,c are in G.P. if b? = ac. Example 1. 1,2, 4,8, .. is GP. whose first term is | and common ratio is 2. Hence, Next Term = 8 x2= 16 TL 1, 3,9, 27, «is GLP, whose first term is 1 and common ratio is 3. Hence, Next Term =27x3=81 TIL. 3, 18, 108, 864... is G.P, whose first term is 3 and common ratio is 6. Hence, Next Term = 864 x 6 = 5184 TV, 256 64,16 4is G.P. whose first term is 256 and common ratios 1/4, Hence, Next Term = 4 x 1/4 nth ter GR. ‘Sum Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 4.5 GP. nth term 1, of an | If a is the first term and r is the common ratio of a G.P,, then the nth term 1, is given by et Sum to first TermsofanGP.| —. _ we if ret na if ral Sumofaninfinite GP See ‘Meaning Ttis series in which the next term isobtained by multiplying its previous number by a non-zero constant/variable number. Example Example: 3, 3,6, 18, 72,7 Analysis 3x1=3 3x2=6 6x3= 18 18x4=72 Hence, Next term = 72x5= 360 Meaning Ttis series in which the next term is obtained by dividing is previous number by @ non-zero constant/variable number. Example ‘Example: 360, 72, 18, 6,37 | Hence, Next term = Itcontains more than one different pattern in a series which is arranged alterna- tively in a single series or follow any non-conventional rule, 4.6 Tulsian's Bus ssiness Mathomatice, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for GA Foundation Course ‘Example example: 3,4, 10, 33, 136,77 Analysis axitl=4 442422 10 10x343= 33 B3xbe= 136 Hence, Next term = 136x54 “The missing term is 685. 85 Meaning | Itis based on the perfect squares of the numbers in a specific order. Example | 529,576,625.676,... Analysis 529 = 23%, 576 = 242, 625 = 257, 676 = 267, 729 = 27", Ans 729 ‘Meaning Itis based on the perfect cubes of the numbers in a specific onder, Example 216,343,512,729, Analysis 216 = 6%, 343 = 7°, 512 = ‘Ans 1000 3,729 = 9°, 1000 =10%, Meaning, Tis a combination of two different series in which successive terms increase and decrease alternatively. Two different operations are performed on successive, terms alternatively. ‘Example Example I. 1,3,6,7, 11, 11,27 Analysis Pattern of First Series 1, 6, 11, there is difference of 5 in each term. Hence, Next term = 114+5=16 Pattern of Second Series 3,7, 11, there is difference of 4 in each term, Hence, Next to next term = 11+4=15 Ans 16,15 \ Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.7 Example Ul. 1, 3,5, 12, 25, 48, 125, 2, ? Analysis Pattern of First Series 1, 5,25, 125, = Previous Term x 5 Hence, Next term = 125 x 5 = 625 Pattern of Second Series 3, 12, 48 = Previous Term x 4. Hence Next Term = 48 x 4= 192 Ans. 192, 625 Example IMl. 1, 3,5, 6,9, 12,2,7 Analysis Pattern of First Series 1, 5,9, .. Increases by 4. Hence, Next Term=9+4= 13 Pattern of Second Series 3, 6, 12, = Previous Term x 2. Hence Next Term = 12x 2= 24 Ans. 13, 24 ‘Sum of the first natural Sensi ean Sarre vO rae eaten aeons eee EMBED ‘Sum of the cubes of the] first n natural numbers | 27" 34234, nbs [acest ; ‘TABLE SHOWING SQUARES OF NUMBERS 1-50 No [i [2 [3 4 [s [6 |7 Js ]> |i Square[i_ [a [9 [is_[2s [36 _|a9 oa [ei [100 No [ar [2 [a3_|as_ fas [ae [a7 Jas [9 [20 Square |121_ [144 [169 [196 [225 [256 [289 [32 [361 | 400 No [21 [22 [23 [2s [os [25 [27 [28 [29 _|30 Square [441 [asa [520 _]576 [62s [676 | 729 [79a [saa [900 No _[3i__[s2_[33__[34 fas [36 [37 [38 [39 [40 Square |961_| 1024 [1089 | 1156| 1225 [1296 [1369 | 14aa [sai [1600 No [ai_[az fas [as [as [as [a7 [as a9 [50 ‘Square [1681 [1764 [1849 [1936[2025 [2116 [2009 | 2304 [2401 _[2500 1.8 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course "TABLE SHOWING CUBES OF NUMBERS 120 we Tt 2 [3 fe |s |e |7 [s [9 | Square{1 [8 [27 [oa [125 [216 [543 [si2_ [729 [1000 No [a [2 [es [as [as_|a6e [a7 [as [a9 [20 [sana [sar [roe [aor [aren [asia [ane [a0is [se [so [aan ‘To solve the Questions on number Sequence, take the following steps: STEP 1: Analyse the given Number Sequence, ae STEP 2: Ascertain the logic or Pattern of Sequence, amu STEP 3: Apply the same logic to find the MISSING/WRONG NUMBER. “ EXAMPLES OF DIFFERENT PATTERNS OF SEQUENCE q S.N. [EXAMPLE PATTERN MISSING 7 No. Li [23577 Prime No series a Li 213522 ‘Toad No series 9 : 3, 8 [Even No series 10 : 4 [149,162 Perfect Square Series ‘fs r 5.__|1,8.27,64,7 Perfect Cube Series 125 : 49,25,49,2 ‘Squares of Prime No Series 12 i 1,9,25.49,2 Squares of Odd No series 81 4,166,647 ‘Squares of Even No series 100 dE 8,27,125343,7 ‘Cubes of Prime No Series 1331 1,27.125,343,? ‘Cubes of Odd No series 9 a 8,64,216,512.? Cubes of Even No series 1000 7 Consecutive Prime No joined in order [1113 3. ‘Consecutive Odd No joined in order_[911 14, _ | 24,46,68,810,7 ‘Consecutive Even No joined in order” | 1012. 7 15. | 14,49,916,1625,? Consecutive Squares of Natural No | 2536 7 joined in order 7 16. | 18,827,2764,64125,? ‘Consecutive Cubes of Natural No joined | 125216 7 in order : 17, | 49,925,2549,49121,? ‘Consecutive Squares of Prime No joined | 121169 : i in order Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.9 827,27125,125343,7 Consecutive Cubes of Prime No joined | 3431331 in order 3.8.12,18 24? Sum of Two Consecutive Prime No__|30 6,15,35.77.143,7 Product of Two Consecutive Prime No | 221 2,4,12,60,420,? Previous No x Prime No in order | 4620 '30030,15015,5005,1001,143.? | Previous No / Prime No in ordet 3 j 1,3,15,105,0457 Previous No x Odd No in order 10395 | 135135,135135,45045,9009,?_| Previous No / Odd No in onler 1287 i 2,4,16,96,768,0 Previous No x Even No in order | 7680 i 46080,23040,5760 960? Previous No / Even No in order 120, 2.4,6,10,162 ‘Sum of Previous Two Consecutive No| 26 ' 2,3,6,18,108,? Product of Previous Two Consecutive No | 1944 | 253,462,561 352,287 6 263,482,551,362,287 Middle Digit ust Digit x Third Digit| 4 263,461,551,362,287 ‘Sum of Digits in each No= 11 10.12,15,20.27,2 42:43,45,47 411 Previous No +Prime | 38 No in order) 10,11,14,19,2625,? +1,43,45,47,49(Previous No +0dd No] 46 in order) 10,12,1622,3040.? 42.+4,46,48,410(Previous No Even | 52 No in order) 30;48,45,40,33,7 ~2,-3,-5,-7,-l(Previous No +Prime | 22 No in order) 50;5249,5447,2 42,-3,45,-1,411(Previous No +Prime | 58 No in order) 50,54 62,74,90,7 $448 412,416,420 [no '50,54,62,78,110,? _[448,416,432, 174, j 50,51,54,59,66,? HA 1242134004, 75 | '50,52,58,70,90,7 42,4244,424446 42449648 120446% | 120 8410 6,2042,72, 1107 [2x34x5,6x7, 8x9, 10x11, | 156 6,12,20,30,42,? 2x3, 3x4 4x5,5x66x1, [56 4,25,61,113.7 4142743744? 45742 4748? 181 10,14.23.48,97,? 427,433,455,47,411 (Previous No| 218 +Squares of Prime No in order) 1.40. Tulsian's Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course 45, | 10,11,20,45,94,175,7 +17 437.458477,49% Previous No +] 296 Squares of Odd No in order) 46, | 10,14,30,66,130,230,2 | +2342 +62 +82,410%(Previous No + [374 Squares of Even No in order) [a7 | 2.4,10,28,82,7 (Previous No. x 3) -2 244 48, [2,4,12,48,240,7 Previous No. x 2,345... 1440 49, |2,8,22,68,202,7 ven Term = (Previous No. x3) +2 [608 ‘Odd Term = (Previous No. x 3) -2 _| 50. [24,72,36,108.54,” Even Term = (Previous No. x 3) 162 O4a Term = (Previous No. /2) St [3824482 +2 14S PLD 120 52. | 0,8,24,48,2 SPP AAP AAP AAPL 80 53._|0,24,120,336,2 FPA GBS ASAT TAPED 720 Problem 1.1 Which of the following is a prime number. (@) 2 (b) 4 oO6 @8 Solution (a) A prime number is ¢ natural number greatcr than 1 which has no positive divisors other than 1 or itself, 2 has no positive divisors other than 1 or itself. Problem 1.2 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, ? the next term is (a) 25 ) 27 © 2 @3 Solution (c) Patten = successive prime numbers. Next prime number = 29. Problem 1,3 13 17 23 29 31 37? the next term is (a) 22 ) 41 ©) 19 (@) 23 Solution (b) Pattern = successive prime numbers. Next prime number = 41. Problem 1.4 41, 43, 47, 53, 61, 71, 73, 81 wrong number is @ 43 (b) 53 OB @ 81 ' Solution (4) Bach of the numbers except 81 is a prime number. Problem 15 5, 8, 12, 16, 24, 30. wrong number is (a) 35 ) 7 © 154 @ 221 Solution (c) The terms of the series are summations of two consecutive prime numbers i.e. 2+9,G49,6+7,7 +10, (1+ 13), So, 16 is wrong and must be replaced by (7 + 11) ie. 18. Problem @ Solution, x3), So, 154 Problem @) Solution Hence, s Problen: @ Solution Hence, + Problen @ Solution Hence, Problen @ Solutior Hence, « Problen @ Solution Hence, Problen @ Solution Hence, + Problen @ Solution All nun Number Series, Coding & Deooding and Odd Man Out 1.14 Problem 1.6 6, 15, 35, 77, 154, 221 wrong number is (a) 35 7 © 154 @ 221 Solution (c) The terms of the series are products of two consecutive prime numbers i.e. 2x9, GB x5), Sx, 7x 1,. So, 154 is wrong and must be replaced by (II x 13) ie, 143. Problem 1.7 4, 9, 25, 49, 121, 169.... the next term is (@ 144 () 8 © 25 @) 289 Solution (4) Patten = squares of prime aumbers ie. 22,3°,52,72,112,132,17? Hence, square of next prime no = 17? = 289, Problem 1.8 1, 9, 25, 49,81,121, 169.... the next term is (a) 144 (b) 81 (© 25 (@) 289 Solution (c) Pattern = squares of add numbers ie. 17,32,57.72, 0%,112,132,15? Hence, square of next odd no = 15? = 225. Problem 1.9 4,16,36,64,100,144.... the next term is (@) 324 (b) 256 © 196 (@) None Solution (c) Pattern = squares of even numbers i.e. 27,42,6,82, 107,127,142, Hence, square of next even no = 142 = 196. Problem 1.10 8,27,125,343,.... the next term is @ 79 (b) 1331 © 2197 @ None Solution (b) Pattern = cubes of prime numbers ie. 2°,3°,59,73,113 Hence, cube of next prime no = 11? = 1331. Problem 1.11 1, 27,125,343.... the next term is @ 729 ©) 1331 © 2197 (@ None Soltition (a) Pattern = cubes of odd numbers i.e. 13,3°,53,73, 97 Hence, cube of next odd no = 9? = 729, Problem 1.12 8,64,216,512,1000.... the next term is (@) 1728 (by 2744 ©) 4096 (@) None Solution (a) Pattern = cubes of even numbers i.e. 23,4°,6°,8°, 103,129 Hence, cube of next even no = 12= 1728. Problem 1.13 121, 343, 1331, 2197 wrong number is (a) 121 (b) 343 © 1331 (@ 2197 Solution (a) 343 = 7°, 1331 = 11°, 2197 = 139, 121 = 11? All numbers except 121 are perfect cubes, 4.42 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logicat Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Problem 1.14 6, 9, 15, 21, 24, 28, 30 wrong number is Problem (@) 28 () 21 © % @ 30 @) Sotution (@) Each number except 28, is « multiple of 3. Solution Problem 1.18 33, 38, 45, 54, 72, wrong term is Problem (a) 38 (45 © 3 @s4 @ Solution () Each number except 33 is divisible by 3. Solution Problem 1.16 10, 25, 35, 41, 60, 70, 80 wrong term is Problem @ 4 (©) 60 © 7 @ 80 @ Solution (a) All the numbers except 41 are multiples of 5. Solution Problem 1.17 36, 54, 18, 27, 9, 18, 4.5 wrong number is Problem @ 45 () 185 © 34 @ 18 a “‘Sonution (b) The terms are allematively multiplied by 1.5 and divided by 3. However, 18.5 does Solution not satay it Problem Problem 1.18 582, 602, 587, 607, $92, 577, 597 wrong number is @ @ 577 () 607 © 597 (@ 587 Solution Solution (a) Pattern: + 20, -15 ,#20, 15s Problem Problem 1.19 52, 51, 48, 43, 34, 27, 16 wrong number is @ @ 27 (0) 34 © @ 4s Sotution Solution (b) Pattern: —1, -3, -5, -7, -9, -L1 from successive numbers. So, 34 is wrong. Problem 1.20 7,12,19,28,39, the next term is © (@) 24 () 28 (© 2 @xB eee son Problem 1.21 20, 19, 17, 14, 10, ? the next term is om @) 15 () 16 © 3 5, Solution (4) Pattem = =1, -2, .. »-5. Next term = 10-5 = 5 en Problem 1.22 6, 11, 21, 36, 56, ? the next term is ee @ 75 @) 81 © 8 89 Solution (b) Pattem = #5, +10, + 15, 420 . Next number = 56 + 25 = 81 coud Problem 1.23 1,9,17,33,49,73, ? the next term is ieee @ 93 ) 95 © 7 9 S Solution (c) Pattern = #8, +8, +16, +16, 424. next term = 73424 = 97 ana Problem 1,24 2,5.9,14,20,7, the next term is — (a) 24 (b) 25 ©) 26 @27 (®) Solution Solution (d) Patter is 43,44, +5,+6,+7. next term = 20+7 Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 4.13 Problem 1.25 10,14,22,38,70, ? next term is (@) 102 (b) 134 (©) 166 @ 198 Solution (b) Pattern = +4, +8, +16, +32. next term = 70464 = 134 Problem 1.26 10,14,22,34,50, 7 the next term is (a) 66 (b) 70 () 86 @ 102 Solution (b) Patter = +4, +8, +12, +16, next term = $0420 = 70 Problem 1.27 1,6,15,28,45,? the next term is (a) 62 (b) 66 © 70 On Solution (b) Patter = +5, 49, +13, +17, so next term = 45421 = 66 Problem 1.28 32, 31, 33, 32, 34, 33, ? the next term is (@) 35 (b) 36 © 37 @ 38 Solution (a) Pattern = -1, +2, -1, +2, ~1, so next term = 3342 = 35 Problem 1.29 51, 49, 45, 43, 39, 7 the next term is @ 35 (&) 37 © 39 @ 4 Solution (b) Pattern = ~2, ~4, ~2, ~4, So next term = 39 -2 = 37 Problem 1.30 105, 115.5, 128, 142.5, ? the next term is (a) 1525 (b) 159 ©) 169.5 @ 180 ‘Solution (b) Pattern = +10.5, +12.5, 414.5 Next will be +16.5, next term = 1425 + 165 = 159 Problem 131 4, 9, 19, 34, 54, ? the next term is (@) 79 (b) 80 ©) 81 @) 82 Solution (a) Pattern = +5, +10, +15, + 20. So next term = 54425 = 79 Problem 1,32 79, 54, 34, 19, 9, 7 the next term is @) 3 () 4 © 5 @ 6 Solution (b) Pattem = -25, -20, -15, -10, so next will be ~5. So next term = 9 ~5=4 Problem 1.33 8, 10, 14, 18, 26, 34, 50, ? @ 58 (b) 66 © 4 @ 82 5 Solution (b) Pattern = +2, +4, +4, ..,., +16, +16. next term = 50416 = 66 Problem 1.34 2, 3, 5, 9, 17, 33, 65, ? the next term is, @) 128 ) 129 (©) 130 @ 131 Solution (b) Pattern = +1,42, +4, +8, +16, +32, Hence, Next term = 65 + 64 = 129.; Problem 1.35 4, 6, 10, 16, 24, 34,? the next term is (@) 44 () 45 © 46 @ 47 Solution (c) Pattern = 42, +4, +6, +8, +10, next number = 34 + 12 = 46, | | | | 4.44 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Problem 1,36 1, 2, 5, 10, 17, ? the next term is (a) 23 (b) 27 © 29 (a) 26 Solution () Pattern = +1, +3, +5, +7, ie., odd numbers, Next term = 17 + 9 = 26. es Problem 2.1 10, 22, 46, 94, 190,? The missing number is @ 192 (b) 292 © 300 (@ 382 ‘Solution (d) Pattern =(Previous Term x 2) +2. Missing Number = (190 x 2) + 2 = 382. Problem 2.2 2, 4, 10, 28, ? the next term is @ 56 (&) 66 © 16 (@) 82 Solution (d) Pattern = (Preceding number x 3) — 2. Next term = (28 x 3) ~ 2 = 82 Problem 2.3 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, ? the next term is (@) 264, (b) 364 (© 385 (@) 255 Solution (d) Pattern = (preceding Number x 2) + 1. Next term = (127 x 2) + I = 255. Problem 2.4 1,2,6,24, ? the next term is @) 110 ) 18 © 120 @ 122 Sotution (c) Pattem = Previous No has been multiplied by 2, 3, 4 & s0 on, next term = 24°5 = 120 Problem 2.5 16, 33, 65, 131, 261, ? the next term is (@) 523 (b) 521 (©) 613 @ 721 Solution (a) (Preceding number x 2) +1, (Preceding number x 2) ~Lyon So, the next term = (2 x 261 + 1) = 523. Problem 2.6 2, 4, 7, 12, 19. 28, 37 wrong number is () 34 ) 36 © (39 ‘Solution (c) Previous term + prime numbers in a sequence of 2, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13... Next term rust be = 28 + 11 = 39, Problem 2.7 2, 4, 12, 60, 420, ? wrong number is (@) 1680 (b) 2100 (©) 2520 (4) 3780 Solution (a) Pattern: Provious term x prime no, in a sequence of 2, 3, 5. 7. 9 Hence, Next term = 420 x 9 = 3780 Problem 2.8 6, 15, 35, 77, 165, 221 wrong number is (@) 35 (b) 165 (©) 221 @n Solution (b) Previous term x prime no, in a sequence of 2, 3, 5, 7, UH, 13, 17, 196 So, the wrong term is 165. Problem 2.9 10, 20, 30, 50, 80, ? the next term is (@) 110 (©) 130 © 140 @ 170 Solution ~Problest @ Solution Problerr @ Solution Probler @ Solution Probler @ Solution Probler @ Solution next nun Problen: @ Solution odd nurr So, next Problem @ ‘Solution = 1 Hence Problem @) Solution Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.15 Solution (6) Each term is the sum of preceding two terms, Next term = 80450 = 130 Problem 2.10 121, 143, 165, 187,197 wrong term is (@) 143 (b) 165 © 197 @ 187 Solution (c) Patter: In all terms except 197 the middle digit is the sum of first and third digit. Problem 2.11 221, 362, 482, 541, wrong number is (@) 221 (@) 541 © 482 (@) 362 Solution (b) In each number except 541, the product of first and third digits is the middle one. Problem 2.12 235, 541, 613, 712, 812, wrong number is, (a) S41 (b) 613 (©) 712 (@) 812 Solution (4) Pattem: In all numbers except 324 the Sum of the digits in each number = 10. Problem 2,13 391, 463, 562, 607, 708, wrong number is (a) 463 (b) 562 © 607 @ 708 Solution (4) In all numbers except 708 the sum of the digits is 13. Problem 2.14 2, 4, 12, 48, 240, ? next term is @) 960 () 1440 © 1080 @ 1920 Solution (b) Pattern: the given numbers are obtained by multiplying 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. next number = 240 x 6 = 1440, Problem 2.15 13, 35, 57, 79, 911, 7 the next term is, (@) 1005 (b) 1110 © 113 @ 1140 Solution (c) The terms of the given series ate numbers formed by jointing together consecutive ‘odd numbers in order ie, 1 and 3, 3 and 5, $ and 7,7 and 9, 9 and 11, So, next term = number formed by joining 11 and 13 = 1113. Problem 3.1 1, 14, 39, 84,2, 258, 309 the missing number is @ 130 145 © 148 158 Solution (@) = Ter?413, 2442%423, 314373, alga, 54457458, 6146463, 147247? Hence missing number = 51+5%+5* = 155 Problem 3.2 5, 30, 140, ? , 4380, 30695 the missing number is (@) 196 (b) 325 © 725 @) 884 Solution (c) = 30695 + 7 — S= 4380 = 4380 + 6 — S= 725 4.46. Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Hence missing number Problem 3.3 5, 20, 76, 225, ? the next term is (a) 448 (b) 450 (©) 452 (a 455 Solution (a) Pattern Gx5)-5=20 (0x 4)-4= 76 (16 x 3)- 3 = 225 (225 x 2)-2 = 448 Problem 3.4 6, 10, 27, 105, 515, 3084 the wrong number is @ 10 27 © 105 @ 515 Solution (c) Pattern © x2-2=10 (0x 3)-3=27 (7x 4)~4 = 104 (04 x 5) - 5 = 515 (S15 x 6) ~ 6 = 3084. The fourth term 105 is wrong. Problem 3.5 2, 7, 11, 21, 36, ? the next term is @ 62 (b) 63 (©) 64 @ 65 Solution (a) Pattern = 2 +7 42,7411 +3, 11 +21 +4 next term = 21 +36 +5 = 62 Problem 3.6 3,16,42,81, 2. next term is, @) 130 @) 131 © 132 @) 133 Solution (c) Pattern = +13,+(1342), +(1343). Next term = 804(1344) = 132 © Problem 3.7 1, 3, 12, 52, 265, 7 the next term is ‘(@) 1590 (b) 1596 © 1690 @) 1696 Solution (b) The series runs like this: 1x 2+2=3,3x3+3= 12, 12x444=52, 52x 5 +5 = 265. The next number, 265 x 6 + 6 = 1596. Problem 3.8 1, 125, 729, 2177 the wrong number is (@) 2177 (b) 729 (© 125 @! = 1°, 125 = 53, 729 = 9. So, next number would be 13° = 2197 Solution (a) Pattern = ‘Therefore, 2177 is wrong. Problen fa Solutio: Next au Problen @ Sotutior Problen @ Solution +n! Problen @ Solution So, the Problen @ Solution Sth tem Problen @ Solutior Problen @ Solution So, 8 is Problen @ Solution Therefo Probler @ Solution 2x0 + axl + Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.17 Problem 3.9 7, 26, 63, 124, 215, 342, ? the next term is, (@) 391 (b) 421 © 481 @ su Solution (4) Pattern = (23 ~ 1), @?~ 1), @ ~ 1), - 1), - ), (PF -D ete. Next number = (8? ~ 1) = (512 - 1) = SIL. Problem 3.10 2, 5, 10, 17, 26, 37, 50, 64 wrong number is (@) 50 (@) 37 (©) 26 (@ 64 Solution (4) Pattern: (1xc1}+1 , (2x2)41 , (3x3)41 , 4x4)+1 , GS) , Gx6)+L , (XT, (8x8)41 Problem 3.11 1, 2, 6, 15, 31, 56, 91 wrong number is (@) 15 (b) 31 © 56 @ Solution (4) Pattern: 1, 1 + 1? = 2,2 +2? = 6,6 +3? = 15, 15 +4? = 31, 3145? = 56, 56 +P = 92 Problem 3.12 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, 42, 56, 7 missing number is (@) 30 (b) 42 © 56 @n Solution (4) Pattern 1x2, 2% 3,3. 4,4 x 5, 5% 6, 6%7,7% 8, So, the next number is 8 x 9 = 72. Problem 3.13 7, 8 18, 57, ? the next term is @7 (b) 8 ©) 18 (@) 232 Solution (4) Pattern: 2nd term = (7 x 1) + 1, 3rd term = (8 x 2) + 2, 4th term = (18 x 3) +3, Sth term = (57 x 4) +4 = 232 Problem 3.14 56, 72, 90, 110, 132, 150 wrong number is @ 72 (b) 110 © 132 @ 150 Solution (4) The numbers are 7 x 8, 8 x 9,9 x 10, 10 x 11, 11 x 12, 12 x 13. So, 150 is wrong. Problem 3.15 3, 15, 4, 15, 5, 15, 8 wrong number is @ 8 (b) 7 @6 (@) None of these Solution (a) Pattern: Terms at odd places are 3, 4, 5, 9 otc. and each term at even place is 15. So, 8 is wrong. Problem 3.16 3125, 256, 2, 4, 1 missing term is (@ 27 &) 128 © 32 wo Solution (a) In the given series numbers are arranged following the rule, 5%, 44, 3%, 22, 11, ‘Therefore, the missing number = 3° = 27. Problem 3.17 24, 4, 13, 41, 151, 640 wrong number is @ 4 (b) 640 © 41 @ 13 Solution (c) The given number series follows the pattern that, 24x0+4 = 4 4x1 49 =13 448. Tulsian's Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course 132 + 16 = 42 4x3 +25 = 151 15h +36 = 640 ‘Therefore, the odd number in the given series is 41 Problem 3.18 5, 7, 2, 25, 45, 75 missing number is @u (b) 13 © 15 @19 Solution (b) Pattern: 42, +244, 424446, 42444648, +2144648410,,.. Here 2=7+244= 13. Problem 3.19 2880, 480, 92, 24, 8, 4, 4 wrong number is (a) 480 (b) 92 (©) 24 @4 Solution (b) Pattern: 2880/480 = 6 48096 = 5 9624 = 4 248 -=3 a4 = 44 = ‘wrong term = 92 Problem 3.20 5, 25, 61, 113, ... next number is (@ 142 (b) 181 © 156 @ 179 Solution (6) Pa? 4d? = 25 Per P48? = 113 ' + 10? = 81 + 100 = 181 1 100, 100, 97, 89, 74, 7 next term is Next term = Problem 3 @ 7 (b) 89 © 74 (@) 50 ‘Solution (4) Pattern: 100 100 ~ (1x1) - 100 ~ (2x2) 1 100 7-8 89-4 4-6 Problen @ Solution ath tem, aan So, 25th Problen @ Solution Soa Problen @ Solutio: 7,5. 80 Problen f@ Soluti 25, 19, Problen fa Solutior 28, 20, Problen @ Solution 20, 15, Problen @ Solutior 40, 20, Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 4.19 97 ~ 3x3) ~ 1 = 89 89 ~ (axa) ~1 = 74 74 ~ (5x5) — 1 = 50 Problem 3.22 In the series 4, 10, 16.. what will be the 25th term 7 (@) 148 (b) 154 (©) 160 @) 166 Solution (a) It is A.P. with difference (d) = 6 ath term in AP. = at(n-1)d a= 4,n=25,d=6 So, 25th term = 44(25 — 1)6 = Problem 3.23 In a series 3, 6, 12, 24,... what will be the 10th term ? (@) 768 () 1536 © 3072 @ 6144 Solution (b) The given series is in GP, as 2*3 = 6, 6*3 = 18, 18%3 = 54 So a= 3, r= 2, nth term in GP, = ar! = 3 x 200) = 1536 Problem 4.1 6, 13, 18, 25, 30, 37, 40 wrong itumber is @ 25 (©) 30 © 37 @ 40 Solution (4) The differences between two successive terms from the beginning are-7, 5, 7, 5, 7, 5. So, 40 is wrong. Problem 4.2 15, 2, 35, 54, 79, 110, 147 the missing number is @) 35 &) 22 © 140 @ 110 Solution (b) The difference of series from last number onwards is decreasing by 6 as 37, 31, 25, 19, 13. Hence missing number = 35 ~ 13 = 22. Problem 4.3 3, 15, 35, 7, 99, 143 the missing number is @ 6 (@) 65 © 72 @ es Solution (@) The diffrence of series from last number onwards is decreasing by 8 as 44, 36, ‘28, 20, 12, Hence missing number = 99 ~ 36 = 63. Problem 4.4 3, 8, 18, 33, 7, 88, 118 the missing number is @ 45 ) 53 © 65 @e Solution (b) The difference of series from last number onwards is decreasing by 5 as 30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5. Hence missing number = 88 - 25 = 53. Problem 45 13, 18, 28, ? , 88, 168, 328 the missing number is @) 36 © 40 © 48 @ 54 Solution (c) The difference of series from last number onwards is decreasing by 1/2 as 160, 80, 40, 20, 10, 5. Hence missing number = 88 - 40 = 48, 4.20 Tulsian's Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Problem §.1 11, 15, 24,? , 65, 101, 150 the missing number is @) 15 © 40 (@ 101 Solution (c) Analysis uf 15] 24 | 2 | 65 [101 [150 ‘Consecutive Differences 4[ 9 436 [449 Logic of differences ele le] st |e [7 | squares of 2,3,4,5,67 Missing Term = 24 +16 = 40 Problem 5.2 3, 9, 27, 63, 123, 213,? the next term is (a) 305 (b) 405 © 339 (@) 439 Solution (c) 3 [9 [ 27 | 63 | 123 | 23 First Difference 46 | +18 [ +36] +60 | +90 [No logic found Difference of differences +12 [+18 [+24 | +30 [increases by 6 Next term = 36 + 90 + 213 = 339. Problem 6.1, 15, 4,17, 6, 1940...» + the mext terms are @) 88 (b) 8,21 © 21,10 @48 Solution (b) Series I: (2, 4, 6) Pattem = even numbers, Series I: (15, 17, 19) Pattern = odd numbers. Problem 6.2 1, 4, 27, 16, 125, 36, ? the missing number is (a) 45 (b) 64 (@) 225 @) 343 Solution (4) Series I = 1, 27, 125,27 =1°, 39, 5, 7 4 Series II = 4, 16, 36= 22, 47, 6? Missing Term = 7? = 343, Problem 6.3 1, 8, 9, 64, 25, 216, ? the missing number is (a) 343 (b) 64 (© 512 @49 Solution (4) Series I = 1, 9, 25, Series Hl = 8 64, 216 2, 3%, 5%, 7 2 hg Missing * Problem @ Solution Series I: Series IL Next tern Problem @) Solution Series I: Series IL 19 is wre Problem @ Solution Series I: Series 11 Thus, 52 Problem @ Solution Series I: Series 11 39 shoul Problem @ Solution Series HE 16 is wre Problem (@) Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.21 ‘Missing Term = 7? = 49 Problem 6.44 17 16 14 12 11 8 8 ? the next term is Os 0) 7 @3 @2 Solution (2) Series I: 17, 14, 11, 8, Pattem: each term decreases by 3 Series HI: 16, 12, 8, ? Pattern: each term decreases by 4 Next term = 8~4 = 4, Problem 6.5 3, 12, 8, 19, 13, 32, 18, 42, 23, 52 the wrong number is (@) 12 (b) 19 (©) 42 (@ 32 Solution (b): Series I: 3, 8, 13, 18, 23. Pattem: each term increases by 5 Series 11: 12, 19, 32, 42, 52. Pattem: each term increases by 10 19 is wrong and should be replaced by (12410) ie. 22 Problem 6.6 31, 2, 41, 3, 52, 4, 61, 5, 71, 6 the wrong number is (@ 41 (b) 61 © 52 @ 31 Solution (©) Series I: 31, 41, 52, 61, 71. Pattern = + 10 Series Ut 2, 3, 4, 5, 6. Pattern = + 1 ‘Thus, 52 is wrong and should be replaced by (41 + 10) ie. 51 Problem 6.7 10, 5, 19, 12, 39, 26, 73, 54 the wrong number is @ 5 (b) 19 ©) 39 @ % Solution (c) Series I: 10, 19, 39, 73. Patiern = +9, + 18, +36 Series Tk: 5, 12, 26, 54 39 should be replaced by 37. Hence, 39 is wrong. Problem 6.8 1, 10, 9, 16, 25, 26, 49 the wrong number is, @1 (b) 16 © %6 @9 Solution (b) Series I: 1, 9, 25, 49. Pattern = +8, +16, +24. Series Hz 10, 16, 26. Pattern = 3? +1, 4? #1, 5% +1 16 is wrong and must be replaced by (47 + 1) ie. 17. Problem 6.9 19, 2, 38, 3, 114, 4, 7 the next term @ 340 (b) 380 © 456 @ 486 4.22 Tulsian’s Business Mathomatios, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for GA Foundation Course Solution (c) Series 1: 19, 38, 114, ... Series 2: 2.3.4 In series 1, Pattem = *2, *3, so next will be *4. Next term = 114*4 = 456 Problem 6.10 8, 9, 8, 6, 10, 9, 4, 11, 10, (..), 12 the missing term is @ 4 (b) 3 ©2 @i Solution (©) Series 1: 8, 6, 4, (.) Series 2 : 9, 10, 11, 12 Series 3 : 8, 9, 10 Patter of series 1 = -2. missing term = 4 — Problem 6.11 15, 70, 23, 62, 2, 54 (@) 23 (b) 31 © 41 (@) 44 Solution (b) Series I: 15, 23, .. Ge. increases by 8), Series Tk: 70, 62, .. (ue. decreases by 8) Hence, the missing number = 31. Problem 6.12 A man saves Rs, 200 in each of the first three months of his service. In each of the subsequent months his saving increases by Rs. 40 more than the saving of immediately previous month. His total saving from the start of service will be Rs. 11040 after? (@) 19 months (b) 21 months (c) 18 months (@) 20 months Solution (b) Total savings = 200 + 200 + 200 + 240 + 280 + ... to n months = {1040 = 120 + 80 + 160 + 40 + 200 + 240 + nate terms = 40 + 80 + 120 + 160 + 200 + 240 + .un terms = nI2{2a + (n-1)d] + 80 + 40 = 11040 = nl2{240 + (n-1)40] = 10920 = nlGin 1 = 546 nfnx5] = 546 n=2 ‘To solve the Questions on Alphabet Sequence, take the following steps: STEP 1: Learn numbering of every letter of English Alphabet ‘Simple Order of English Alphabet from the AtoZ a cusra K i P 16 <[6 Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.23 c iH mM] 3 [TR | wilwil 2s 7 ) [oN 14 s w | x | a4 io | o [as [ t [ 2 | ¥ | 25 [ z_| 2% } TIPs: 1. Remember the position of 5 letters, E,J,0,L¥ as 5,10,15,20,25 respectively. 2. Remember the position of 5 VOWEL letters, A,E,1,0,U as 1,5,9,15,21 respectively. 3. If the sum of a letter in the given word and its code in the Coded word is 27, it means the Coded word contains all the opposite letters. Reverse Order of English Alphabet from the Z to A A | % | F | 2 kK | [| ep [uu 6 B | 2 | co [| % | o i | e@ | wf v 5 c [am | a iy | M | ow | R 9 | wf pd | 3 1 iw | n | 3 | s 8 x 3 E | 2 J nv | o |p ft 7 ¥ 2 Zz 1 TIPS: 1. Remember the Reverse order position=27 ~ Simple order position 2. Remember the Reverse order position of 5 letters, B,J,0,LY as 22,17,12,7,2 respectively. 3. Remember the Reverse order position of 5 VOWEL letters,A,E,L0,U as 26,22,18,12,6 respectively. STEP 2: Analyse the given Alphabet Sequence, STEP 2: Ascertain the logic or Pattern of Aiphabet Sequence, STEP 3: Apply the same logic to find the MISSING/WRONG term. Problem 7.1 D, H, L, Pw. X the @Q mu @F Solution (c) Pattern: The series follows 4th, 8th, 12th, 16th, 20th and 24th letter of alphabet, ‘The missing alphabets, therefore is 20th ic... Problem 7.2.6, J, 0, T, . the next term is @F ) K @P @yY Solution (4) Pattern: The series follows 5th, 10th, 15th, 20th, letter of alphabet. The missing alphabets, therefore is 25th iLe., ¥ Problem 73 C, 8.1, Ly... R, U @B )G om @o 4.24 Tulsian’s Business Mathematios, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course ‘Solution (4) Pattern: The series follows 3rd, 6th, 9th, 12th, 15th, lester of alphabet, The missing alphabets, therefore is 15th ic, O. ae Problem 7.4 BKS, DJT, FIU, HV? the next term is I @) IW (b) NG (© JGw (d) None 2 Solution (c) Pattern: In each term, the fitst letter is moved two steps forward, the second letter : fone step backward and third letter one step forward to obtain the corresponding letter of the next term. Hence, the missing term is JOW. Problem 7.5 CBD, , ONP, UTV, UH , wrong term is A @) CBD (b) XYZ (© ONP wou B Solution (a) Pattern: In each group the first and second letter are consecutive but in reverse order. ¢c However, in the last group the first and second letters are not consecutive in reserve order, The D ‘group should be XYZ. [EB Problem 7.6 ADG, HKN, ORU, VYC, DGI, wrong term Fee @ ADG (b) HKN © vye @ DGI = Solution (c) Pattern: The difference between each word is two letters but option VYC denoted Lt by (c) wrong because the difference between second and third letter is 3. 21 Problem 7.7 A4B, C16D, E2SF, G36H, 1641, K100L, wrong term is ad (@) ASB (b) ESF (6) G3oH (@) 1643 ee Solution (b) Patter: The letters of group is consecutive and square of even number is placed a between the letters but option E25F denoted by (b) is wrong group because the 25 is square of odd number. foe Before transmitting, Sender encodes the data and on receipt of encoded data, the Receiver S.No decodes the encoded data in order to obtain original data with the help of common Key used 7 in encoded data, The students are required to detect the common rule and answer the questions. 2. ‘To solve the Questions on Coding and Decoding, take the following steps: STEP 1: Learn numbering of every letter of English Alphabet 3 Simple Order of English Alphabet from the AtoZ (a [a] F sfx Tu p [ie [ vu | 2 4 2 2 G 7 PL. |e | 7 |v | 2 c 3 H aes pek Eee eee aa 5. i [| 4 a9 | x | | a _o | 5 | a0 | 35 L tz [6 i 7. Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 1.25 TIPs: 1. Remember the position of 5 letters, E,J,0,7.Y as 5,10,15,20,25 respectively. 2. Remember the position of 5 VOWEL letters, A,E,1,0,U as 1,5,9,15,21 respectively. 3. If the sum of a letter in the given word and its code in the Coded word is 27, it means the Coded word contains all the opposite letters. Reverse Order of English Alphabet from the Z:to A A | 26 F 21 K 16 P ul U 6 B 25 G 20 L 15 wo | Vv 5 c 24 H iw | ™ 14 9 Ww 4 D 2B 1 18 N 13 8 x 3 E 2 3 7 o 2 7 ¥ 2 Zz 1 TIPS: 1. Remember the Reverse order position=27 ~ Simple order position 2. Remember the Reverse order position of 5 letters, E,J.0,T.¥ as 22,17,12,7.2 respectively. 3. Remember the Reverse order position of 5 VOWEL letters,A,E,10,U as 26,22,18,12,6 respectively. ‘STEP 2: Analyse the given code with reference to given word, STEP 2: Ascertain the logic or Pattern, STEP 3: Apply the same logic to find the code of other word EXAMPLES OF LOGIC APPLIED S.No | Given Word | Code Logic applied Each letter in the given word is moved one step forward to obtain the corresponding letter of the code. ‘Bach Ieter in the given word is moved one step backward 10 obtain the corresponding letter ofthe code. ‘Coded word contains all the opposite letters e. when sum of RHYTHM | ISBGSN | aletterin the given word and its code in the Coded word is 27, [For example, R = 18,1=9, Sum = 1849 = 27) Coded word contains the same letters of the word written in reverse order, The first, third and fifth leters of the given word are moved 5. | RHYTHM | SGZSIL | one step forward, and the second, fourth and sixth letters are moved one step backward. ‘The first half of the letters are moved one place forward and second half of the letters are moved one place backward, 7._| RHYTHM | ARTYMH | The pairs of 2 letters are interchanged, i 1. | RHYTHM | sIZUIN 2. | RHYTHM | QGxsGL. 4. | RHYTHM | MHTYHR 6. | RHYTHM | sizscL 1.26 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistios for CA Foundation Course 8. | RHYTHM NGUXIS “The liters of the Coded word are first written in reverse order | then the first, third and fifth leters of the word so obtained are ‘moved one step forward, and the second, fourth and sixth letters are_moved one step backward. 9, | RHYTHM ORHATH "The letters of the Coded word are first written in a reverse order then their opposite letters are written and then the fist, third and fifth letters of the word so obtained are moved one step forward, and the second, fourth and sixth letters are moved cone step backward, 10. | RHYTHM HHMRTY ‘Coded word contains the position of alphabets in the diction- ary onder. i. | RHYTHM QFWODH | The frstleterisdecreasedby 1, second 2 thirdby 3and son | 12. | RHYTHM HRTYMH “The word is divided into three parts, then these parts are writ- ten in reverse order 13, | RHYTHM RYHHTM Interchange of the letters in the pair of two and keep the first & last letter as it is Problem 8.1 If LOVE is caded as NOXG, then YEAR will be coded a (@ acer © Bact © cGeT (@ None of these Solution STEP I: Ascertain the Logic applied for given Code Given Word L ° v E Position 2 15 2 5 Given Code | ON, Q x eee Position 14 7 24 7 Logie 2 2 2 2 Logie applied: Letters moved 42. STEP 2: Apply the same logic to find the Code of other word, Given Word ¥ E A R Position 25 5 1 8 Logic 2 2 2 2 Position of Code 2 7 3 20 Code A G c T Hence, Correct Option: (a) Problem 8.2 If LOVE is coded as JMTC, then YEAR will be coded as: Probler: @ Solution Bs5,V= Problerr @ Solution Number Series, Coding & Deooding and Odd Man Out 1.27 (a) WCYP. (&) WCXP (©) WCYN (@) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: J=10, M=13, T=20, C=3. Letters moved -2. Problem 8.3 If LOVE is coded as MQYI, then YEAR will be coded a: (@) Zopv (b) zDGV © zGvbD (@) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, 0=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: M=13,Qe17,Y=25,le9. The first letter + 1, second +2, third + 3 and fourth +4, Problem 8.4 If LOVE is coded as KMSA, then YEAR will be coded as: (@) XCYN (b) XCXN (© XCDN (6) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=!12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: Kell, M=13, S=19, A=1. The fist letter ~ 1, socond ~2, third ~ 3 and fourth —4, Problem 8.5 If LOVE is coded as IRSH, then YEAR will be coded a5: (@) VHWZ () VHWY ©) VEXU (@ None of these Solution (c) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: 159, Rel8, $=19, H=8, Letters moved -3, +3, alternatively. Problem 8.6 If LOVE is coded as KNWF, then YEAR will be coded as: (@) XDBS (&) XBDS © XDsB (@ None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: K=I1,N=14, W=23, F=6, The fits letter 1, second ~ 1, third +1 and fourth +1 Problem 8.7 If LOVE is coded as NMTG, then YEAR will be coded as: (a) AcyT @) aczT © ACxT @) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: Nel4, M=13, T=20, G=7. The first leter 42, second ~ 2, third -2 and fourth +2. Problem 8.8 If LOVE is coded as ELOY, then YEAR will be coded as: (a) AERY (b) AREY © ABYR @ None of these ‘Solution (c) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, ¥=22, B=, Position of CODED WORD: B=5, L=12, O=15, Vi=22. Coded word contains the position of alphabets in the dictionary order. Problem 8.9 If LOVE is coded as FMPW, then YEAR will be coded as: (@) ABRY (b) AREY (© ABYR (@) None of these Solution (c) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, 0215, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: F=6, M=13, P=16, W=23. Coded word contains the position of alphabets in the dictionary order and then moved +1. Problem 8.10 If LOVE is coded as EVOL, then YEAR will be coded as: (@) RABY (®) REAY (© RAYE (@) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, O=15, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: Es5, V=12, O=15, L=12.Letters are reversed. Problem 8.11 If LOVE is coded as FWPM, then YEAR will be coded as: (@) QeDx () QYDx (© QXDx (@) None of these Solution (a) Position of GIVEN WORD: L=12, 015, V=22, E=5, Position of CODED WORD: 41.28 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course FH6, W=23, Po16, M=13. Letters are reversed and then moved -1. peered Problem 8.12 If LOVE is coded as OLBY, then YEAR will be coded as: Persie (@ BYZL (&) BZVI (© BYIZ (@ None of these . Solution ; : Solutio: STEP 1: Ascertain the Logic applied for given Code DIFGE Given Word Llo|[vle Probler Position 2 [1s | 2 | 5 will be Given Code, of[rlelyv « Position is [2 | s | 2 Solutio Sumof Positions | 27 | 27 | 27 | 27 ¥=9.0 Logic applied: Coded word contains all the Opposite Letters. biiwed STEP 2: Apply the same logic to find the Code of other word eG Given Word y[elTa[rR Solutio Position a | 5s | i | 1 728.0: OppositeLeners| B | V | 2 | 1 phe: Hence, Correct Option: (@) figure Alternative Answer: G STEP 1: Ascertain the Logie applied for given Code Solutio GivenWord | L_| Oo | v | E ¥=9.0 Position 2 |i | 2 | 5 Givencoae | 0 | L | EB | V ‘eee Position ww | 2 [| 5 | 2 cong Logic applied: The pairs of 2 letters are interchanged. knee STEP 2: Apply the same logic to find the Code of other word ‘Given Word y[etatler Pd Position 3 | 5 |i |B Proble Position of Code s [as | iw | i ' “ Code. E y R A Solutic Hence, Correct Option: (4) Proble Problem 8.13 If LOVE is coded as 9876, then OLEV will be coded as: ( (2) 8967 (b) 8697 (©) 8976 (@) None of these Solutic Solution (a) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: L= 9, = 8, V = 6,E=6. On this basis OLEV Proble will be coded as 8967, ( Problem 8.14 If BADGE is coded as 21475, then DABGE will be coded as: Solutic (@) 41275 (&) 42175 (©) 41257 (@) None of these Number Series, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out 4.29 Solution (a) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: B = 2, A = 1, D = 4,G=7,E=5. On this basis DABGE will be coded as 41275 Problem 8.15 If FIDGE is coded as 69475, then DIFGE will be coded as (a) 49675 (b) 46975 (c) 49657 (d) None of these Solution (a) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: F=6,1=9,D=4,G=7, §. On this basis: DIFGE will be coded as 49675 Problem8.161f LOVE is coded as 5782.and JOCKEY is coded as 371429, KEYLOCK will be coded as (a) 4295714 (b) 4259714 (©) 4297514 (d) None of these ‘Solution (2) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: L= 5,0 = 7, V =8,E = 2, J =3, C=1, K=4, ‘Y=9. On this basis KEYLOCK will be coded as 4295714. Problem 8.17 If EXCEL is coded as 93596 and PAINT is coded as 74128 , then ANCIENT will be coded as? (a) 4251928 (b) 4251982 (©) 4521928 (d) None of these ‘Solution (a) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: B= 9, X = 3, C=5, L=6, P=7, A=4, I=1,N=2, ‘T=8. On this basis ANCIENT will be coded as 4251928 . Problem 8.18 If LOVE is coded as 5782 and JOCKEY is coded as 371429, what do figure 4295714 stands for? (a) KEYLOCK (b) KEYOLCK (ce) KEYLOK (d) None of these Solution (a) Clearly, the given alphabets are coded as: L= 5, O= 7, V = 8, E=2,=3, C=1, K=4, Y=9. On this basis 4295714 stands for KEYLOCK. ‘Classification’ means ‘to assort the items of a given group on the basis of certain common quality they possess and then spot the stranger out’.The candidate is required to choose the item which does not fit into the given group i, ’odd one’. REA LA Problem 9.1: Choose out the odd one: 4,9, 16, 36, 64, 100 (@ 36 () 64 @4 @s Solution (d) ll except 9 are even numbers Problem 9.2: Choose out the odd one: 9, 16,25, 49, 81 @9 () 16 © 2s os Solution (b) All except 16 are odd numbers. Problem 9.3: Choose out the odd one: 11,13, 15,17, 19 @u © 13 ©1s @n Solution (c) All except 15 are prime numbers. 1.30 Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Problem 9.4: Choose out the odd one: 9, 36, 49, 81, 144 @9 (b 36 ©” @ 81 Solution (c) All except 49 are multiples of 3. Problem 9.5: Choose out the odd one: 121, 144, 169, 196, 200, 225 (@ 144 (b) 169 © 196 (@ 200 Solution (d) All except 200, are perfect squares. Problem 9.6: Choose out the odd one: 8, 27, 49, 64, 125, 216 @s © 27 oo” wo Solution (c) All except 49, are perfect cubes. Problem 9.7; Choose out the odd one: 1, 3,4, 7, 11, 18, 27, 47 @ 4 wn © 1B @2 Solution (4) Bach term is summation of preceding two terms. Correct term is 29 instead of 27. Problem 9.8: Choose out the odd one: 1, 3,3, 9,27, 729 @ 3 ©) 9 © 27 @ 79 ‘Solution (4) Each term is product of preceding two terms, Correct term is 243 instead of 749. ‘Problem 9.9: Choose out the odd one: 4,9,25,49,81,121 (@) 25 &) 49 © a (@ None of these Solution (c) All except 81, are perfect squares of Prime No. Problem 9.10: Choose out the odd one: 2,9,25,49,81,121 @ 2 &) 49 oa (@) None of these Solution (a) All except 2, are perfect squares of Odd No. *Problem 9.11: Choose out the odd one: 4,16,36,64,100,121 @ 121 (b) 64 © 100 (@) None of these Solution (a) All except 121, are perfect squares of even No. *Problem 9.12: Choose out the odd one: 8,27,125,343,729,1331 @ 125 (b) 343 © ns (@ None of these Solution (c) All except 729, ate perfect Cubes of Prime No. “Problem 9.13: 8,27,125,343,729,1331 @ 8 ) 343 © 729 (@ None of these Solution (a) All except 8, are perfect Cubes of Odd No. ‘Problem 9.14: Choose out the odd one 8,64,216,512,729,1000 (a) 216 ) 512 © 729 (@ None of these Solution (a) All except 729, are perfect Cubes of even No. Problem 9.15: Choose out the odd one: 23,35,57,79, (a) 35 57 ©? (a) None of these | Solution (c) All except 79, are Consecutive Prime No joined in order: Problem 9.16: Choose out the odd one: 23,35,57,79,911 (a) 23 () 79 ©m (a) None of these Soluti Probl Soluti Probl Soluti Solut Probl Sotut Sotut Prob Number Saties, Coding & Decoding and Odd Man Out_ 1.31 Solution (a) All except 23, are Consecutive Odd No joined in order Problem 9.17: Choose out the odd one: 24,46,68,810,1011 @ 1011 (b) 810 (©) 68 (@ None of these Solution (a) All except 1011, are Consecutive Even No joined in order. Problem 9.18: Choose out the odd one: 5,8,12,16,24,30 @ 30 (b) 24 © 16 (a) None of these Solution (c) All except 16, are Sum of Two Consecutive Prime No Problem 9.19: Choose out the odd one: 5.8,12,16,20 (5 8 © 16 (@) None of these Solution (a) All except 5, are Sum of TWwo Consecutive Odd No Problem 9.20: Choose out the odd one: 6,10,14,17,22 @i (b) 22 © 14 (@ None of these Solution (a) All except 17, are Sum of Two Consecutive Even No. Problem 9.21: Choose out the odd one: 6,15,35,63,143,221 (a) 221 (b) 143 ©8 (4) None of these Solution (c) All except 63, are Product of Two Consecutive Prime No Problem 9.22: Choose out the odd one: 253,462,561,352,285 (@) 285 (&) 352 © 561 (@ None of these Solution (a) In all cases except 285, Middle Digit =First Digit +Third Digit ‘Problem 9.23: Choose out the odd onc: 263,482,551,362,285 (@) 285 (&) 362 ©) 551 (@) None of these ‘Solution (a) In all cases except 285, Middle Digit =First Digit x Third Digit Problem 9.24: Choose out the odd one: 263,461,551,362,285 (@) 285 () 362 © 551 @ None of these Solution (a) In all cases except 285, Sum of Digits in each No= IL Problem 10.1 Choose out the odd one of the following (a) December. (b) February (c). March. (@ Joly Solution (b) All months except February are with 31 days, while February has 28 or 29 days, Problem 10.2 Choose out the odd one of the following: (@) June (b) Joly © Aug (@) Oct Solution (b) All months except June are with 31 days, while June has 30 days. Problem 10.3 Choose out the odd one of the following: (@ June (b) July © Sept @Now | Solution (b) Ail months except July are with 30 days, while July has 31 days. Problem 10.4 Choose out the odd one of the following: (a) Month (b) Week (© Fortnight (@) Season 1.82. Tulsian’s Business Mathematics, Logical Reasoning and Statistics for CA Foundation Course Solution (€) All except Season are precise measurements for days. Problem 10.5 Choose out the odd one of the following: (@) Calendar (b) Year (©) Date (@) Month Solution (a) All others are parts of a calendar. fo USL SS Sse EO UE SSE is 2] Problem 11.1 Choose out the odd one of the following: (@) Metre (b) Yard (©) Mile @ Acre Solution (A) All except Acre are units of measuring distance, while acre is a unit of area Problem 11.2 Choose out the odd one of the following: (a) Are (b) Diagonal —_(¢) Diameter (@) Radius ‘Solution (b) All except Diagonal are terms associated with circle, Problem 11.3 Choose out the odd one of the following: (a) Inch (b) Foot (©) Yard @ Quart Solution (d) All except Quart are units of measuring distances. Problem 11.4 Choose out the odd one of the following: (@) Square (b) Rectangle (c) Triangle (@) Cube ‘Solution (4) Cube is the only three-

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