READING and USE OF EMGLIS Part I For questions 1 - 8, read the text below and decide which answer (A, B, C or D) best fits each gap. There is an example at the beginning (0). \ di 5 5 0) @® revival B recovery € restoration D resumption London Coffee Houses The independent coffee shop is nothing new, particularly in London. Over the last decade, there has been a (0). A of cafés in which to drink latte, but the real development in coffee houses was in the late 1600s to early 1700s, when around three thousand coffee houses suddenly (1) ‘on the streets of London. The very first coffee shop in Britain opened in 1650 in Oxford. Only two years later, Pasqua Rosee, a Greek servant, (2) coffee to London by opening a coffee shop in St. Michael's Alley, Cornhill. it proved to be an immediate success and others soon followed (3). ~ Men almost (4). gathered in coffee houses rather than taverns, leading to more (5). business deals. The better places soon attracted (6), customers who were there for a (7). reason. For example, Edward Lloyd's coffee house on Tower Street drew those who were interested in marine insurance, so it is no surprise that this coffee shop developed into Lloyd's of London. The London Stock Exchange, Sotheby's and Christie's also have their (8) in London coffee houses. expanded mushroomed swelled multiplied fetched passed C conveyed brought suit course direction trend closely directly immediately severely productive industrious conscientious systematic conventional normal regular usual precise particular specific inet basis causes sources originsREADING and USE OF EMGLISH Part Z For questions 9 - 16, read the text below and think of the word which best fits each space. Use only one word in each space. There is an example at the beginning (0). Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. Example: 0 o An amazing sense of smell A dog's sense (0). OF smell is amazing. Indeed, the ability of a dog (9). detect a scent is estimated to be a million times greater (10) that of a human. Just as ahuman brain is wired to learn language, (11) is a large part of a dog's brain devoted to interpreting senses. It is (12). senses that have contributed to dogs saving human lives. Dogs helped humans for centuries before today’s canine jobs came to public notice. They have successfully found bombs and have also been put to work in arson investigations. Helping rescue victims of disasters, they have also tracked (13) escaped criminals and lost children. What is (14) some dogs have been training with doctors to detect human skin cancer, identifying the iliness (15) before doctors have diagnosed it. (16) virtue of their nose, they can identify the smell of footprints, even if they have been trampled on for several weeks.Write your answers IN CAPITAL LETTERS. For questions 17 - 24, read the text below. Use the word given in capitals at the end of some of the lines to form a word that fits in the space in the same line. There is an example at the beginning (0). Example: 0 The British and the queue It is thought by many that queuing is (0)..ESPECIALLY ___ pritish, but the first reference to it is in the Oxford English Dictionary in 1837, where it was referred to as a French custom. The British, however, believe they queue without (17) , whether itis for tickets for Wimbledon or out of (18) to be first in the queue for the sales. The British have been (19). as good at queuing because during and after the end of the Second World War, food was still short and (20). _ and rationing the norm. This meant it was (21) to stand in a line to wait their turn to be served, sometimes causing a (22) and with the police quite likely to be called to disperse the crowds. ‘One (23) has described the British as willing to stand in a queue because it bolsters their self-image of (24) and politeness, so anyone who tries to push in should do it subtly or face the wrath of the queue. SPECIAL PATIENT DESPAIR DESIGN DEPRIVE ESSENCE AGREE SEARCH PRAGMATICREADIMG and USE OF EMGLISH 25 26 27 28 24 30 Part 4 For questions 25 - 30, complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given. You must use between three and eight words, including the word given. Here is an example (0). Example: 0 It was impossible for her to accept that she would never see him again. terms She that she would never see him again. Jo | COULD NOT COME TO TERMS WITH THE FACT Write only the missing words. Judy has been involved in a court case before. time This ina court case. ‘It’s none of your business who | go out with!’ Audrey shouted at her mother. concern Audrey shouted at her mother that who she of hers, Sandra was about to shut the shop when customers walked i point Sandra when customers walked in. Mr Reynolds has been told that you were rude to a client. attention It that you were rude to a client. Elizabeth completely ignored the fact that she was unsuitable for the job. notice Elizabeth 7 she was unsuitable for the job. Thad only just switched on the oven when the electri sooner No the electricity cut out. ity cut out.You are going to read an extract from a novel. For questions 31 - 36, choose the answer (A,B, Cor D) which you think fits best according to the text. Jodie goes to court Ithad been an uncertain last six months for Jodie where her own future and fortunes were concerned. She had had to rely on unemployment benefit since she had been sacked, although she had always felt her employer underpaid her for the amount of responsibilty she had. Add to this working late every day, the extra hours unpaid, she had always felthard done by. Now, however, after having to economise on everything, her salary felt like long lost riches, a blessing before her world had collapsed around her. Determinedly, Jodie had applied for other jobs. With equal regularity, Jodie's applications were ignored. Occasionally she gotlucky and was rewarded with an interview. Unfortunately, being a truthful person -though Jodie found irony in this statement - as soon as she mentioned she had been fred and explained the circumstances, she was shown the door. She could not bring herself to lie about it, because she was convinced she would be found out anyway. Protestations about her innocence were met with looks of incredulity by all of the prospective employers she saw. (One had even muttered, There's no smoke without fre! [Now she was literally facing her day in court. Jodie stood across the road from the impressive building, the bronze scales of justice on the roof glinting in the morning sun. Thoughts were swirling around her head and she realised hhow nervous she was. No, not nervous. Her over-riding emotion was fear, She was terrified. She had never set foot in a courtroom before, and here she was on tral for a crime she had not commited, Embezzlement was a sordid word to her mind and she had hated it ever since the two plain clothes detectives had knocked on her door one Friday evening and accused her of it, They had taken her to the police station, fingerprinted her, taken a staterent and formally charged her. They had not been impolite, but it was quite obvious they had not believed anything she said, Jodie had immediately made an appointment with the family solicitor. Mr. Hardcastle had known Jodie all her life, and to say the elderly man was shocked was an understatement. He spluttered and hurrumped for a few minutes, but then he was all business. He was a wise and clever man who asked her for every detail. He then engaged a lawyer ‘who was steadily building a reputation as an astute court practitioner. Jodie had met him twice. The first time she had found him extremely intimidating. Born with a silver spoon in his mouth, Sir James Fitzgerald had attended Eton and Oxford, but was no wastrel. Despite his background, he was shrewd and intelligent, and seemed to thrive on the cut and thrust of a complex case. They had spent thirty minutes together, when he had made notes on her answers to his very pertinent questions. The second time, he had reassured her as he pointed out that his enquiries had proved that on at least four occassions when cheques had been forged, she had not been in the office. Her innocence on two of those occasions could be proved conclusively. One occasion had been when Jodie was hospitalised for minor eye surgery , and the other she had been at a conference in London. On the other two instances, she had been at subsidiary branches and although there were records of this, they were not official enough to stand up in court. She felt her shoulders relax when he relayed this information to her, but he followed this up by stating that if found guilty, she would most probably be imprisoned for at least a year He had allayed some of her fears by pointing out that this was unlikely to happen, as it was her frst offence. She had no criminal record. Jodie's mother, Enid, had become quite argumentative when told ths. Just let the judge try. Hell have me to answer to! Her attitude had taken Jodie by surprise and she had to stronaly discourage her from attending court on the appointed day. The conversation flashed through Jodie's mind, and she gave a wry smile. The day of reckoning was here. She looked both ways, crossed the road, and with a deep sign, entered the building, She spotted Sir James immediately, and with long confident strides that belied how she really felt, she approached him. Ah, Miss Rogers, youre here. | have some good news. The presiding judge is old Sturridge. He's fair-minded and has never sent a woman to prison in all his time on the bench. | think we're in for a good day. Today we will see your old boss sent to all and you re-instated in your job, with your unblemished record again intact!3l 32 33 34 35 36 READING and USE OF EMGLISH How does Jodie fee! now about the sum she used to be paid? A Ithad made her feel secure and valued. B She was unwise to have given it up. C _Itrepresented a fair payment for her work. D__ She ought to have appreciated it more. Jodie discovered that in job interviews explanations are unnecessary. determination is never enough. sarcasm is a good defence. honesty is not the best policy. onw> What made Jodie arrange to meet Mr, Hardcastle? She could rely on him as a family friend. She knew he would do his utmost to help her. She hoped he would be acquainted with a good lawyer. She was frightened by the visit of the two detectives. onw> What was Jodie’s first impression of Sir James Fitzgerald? A She thought he lived up to his reputation. B She felt he enjoyed being the bearer of bad news. She found him to be perceptive but daunting. D She believed he had discovered relevant evidence. Itis suggested that Jodie’s mother, Enid understands nothing about the law. has low expectations of the judge. expects Jodie to go to prison. is aggressive and uncompromising. onws The attitude of the lawyer towards Jodie shows that he has facts about Jodie's old boss. knowledge of what will happen. confidence in his abilities. faith in the judge's experience. onesPart 6 You are going to read four reviews of a hotel. For questions 37-40, choose from reviews A-D. The reviews may be chosen more than once. ee memo aM oF A Natural light streamed in from all sides of the whim- sically decorated lobby, which held bright red chairs and sofas, ceiling-height black bookshelves crammed, with books and subtle nods to their natural sur- roundings. More refreshingly, there were actual peo- ple hanging out in the lobby; watching TV, working at one of the many tables, having coffee at the coffee bar or reading a book or their tablet in a quiet nook. The whole atmosphere reminded me of a hotel | vis- ited in the German countryside. Given that the rooms upstairs are tiny and poorly arranged, it makes sense that guests would choose to socialise down- stairs where you'll find a Samsung tablet that con- trols everything in the semi-private area from the blinds to the TV and mood-lighting, free movies, free WiFi, a narrow desk to work at or to place all your gadgets on for charging. On a brighter note though, the views from each window of the hotel are simply amazing. B Most businesses have a customer type they hope to entice into giving up their hard-earned money, and. hotels are no exception. This hotel focuses on a very misunderstood but very particular kind of traveler; the hipster. Everything about this hotel seems to appeal to their very specific likes. Their rooms are sparse and small making it important for the hipster focus on the ‘realness’ of the space. In other words, they take sleep or take selfies in their rooms and nothing else. It is perfect if you are the target demo- graphic. The public area is spacious enough to give some privacy but also inviting enough to encourage “intellectual discourse. There is a very clear connec: tion to another hotel in which I stayed while | was traveling through Europe. It seems like more and more hipster-like (or hipster friendly at least) estab- lishments are opening in the world. c One good thing say about my stay at this hotel is that tthe view from anywhere in the building was amazing. The lobby had some great services and the staff were all very professional. The rooms however were so cramped and uninteresting that | felt ike | was in a closet and not a room. AS | said, though, the staff seemed to know exactly what they were doing, and | felt like they were very well trained, The hotel restaurant was fantastic; as was the coffee bar. Guests spent a lot of time in these public areas and | understand why. There was so much to do there, and it was so relaxing. This hotel has hit upon a very interesting market that | don’t think has been tapped into yet; getting guests to spend more time around each other than in their rooms, by making their rooms so poorly designed. D ‘When | was traveling throughout Europe | stayed in 2 hotel much like this one. In fact, this hotel has the same target demographic. During my stay in the hotel | was reminded of the Bohemian, artistic style in the Europe of the 80s and 90s. Something which | think is becoming quite the thing in the hipster sub: ‘culture. A subculture that is very much the customer base this hotel wants and is taping into. Though, in tthe hotel in Europe the rooms were well-designed and well-furnished. if there is one thing that both- ered me about my stay in this hotel it is that their rooms were so badly thought out. My experience of the business on the whole, though, was positive and, I think, refreshing, itis rare to find a place so creative and full of character.Reading and Use of English Which reviewer compares the hotel's ambiance with a hotel in Europe, like reviewer A? [ 37 | like reviewer B, talks about the type of clients the hotel caters to? 38 [ disagrees with the the other three reviewers, saying that the hotel has 5 l well designed rooms? describes the view tom ter oom, ke evewer C2 «|Part 7 You are going to read a review of a film. Choose from the paragraphs A-G the one which fits each gap (41-46). There is one extra paragraph which you do not need to use. YET foment § Quentin Tarantino's return to form with a humourous western about slavery. Django Unchained, a virtuoso but violent revenge western, debuts the bromcom pairing of Jamie Foxx and Christoph Waltz, and is set against a back- ground of the slave plantations in the south, two years before the Civil War. Many people expressed surprise that it was nominated for an Oscar for Best Picture, but this is certainly Quentin Tarantino's best film since Pulp Fiction. a Foxx is Django, a slave when the film opens, being walked through Texas in chains in bitterly cold weather, Here he has what can be described as ither a fortuitous or a fateful encounter with Dr. King Schultz (Waltz), an enigmatic, dapper German ex-dentist, who speaks impeccable English. Schultz, now a bounty hunter, frees Django, by killing the slave traders transporting him, giving us a first glimpse of the mayhem and violence to come. a Sees ae uanaeSiece She is now a slave at the Mississippi plantation, Candieland, the property of the repulsive bigoted sadist, Calvin Candie, who is memorably brought to life on the silver screen by Leonardo DiCaprio. An unlikely partnership begins between Django and Schultz, as they set off on a journey to secure her freedom and in the process exact Django’s retribu- tion on Candie. ee SLATES ‘The end of their journey is at the fiefdom of Calvin Candie, a charming aristocrat whose plantation is a symbol of oppression and corruption of the human’ spirit. DiCaprio's Candie is a repugnant character, full of his own importance and Southern polite- ness, and a fully paid up racial supremacist. a Candie’s pretence of being genial disguises a sadist who allows a man to be ripped limb from limb by rabid dogs as punishment. He is an enthusiast of “Mandingo wrestling -a fight to the death between slaves. The obscene humiliation of this is plain, yet its impact is lessened by the atmosphere of the men who hang around to watch the men die slowly. ga He employs his glare, language and a tremor that suggests Parkinson's disease to bolster Candie's abhorrent racism, It shocks to see an African ‘American so vehemently supporting a white man who, despite the servant's loyalty, would shoot him. in an instant. ee etna tet ‘The quandary for Tarantino in general - and Django in particular ~is that of tone, The viewer is never quite sure about it. For instance, the scene where a menacing posse of masked Ku Klux Klansmen. arrives to attack Foxx and Schwartz deteriorates into farce when they start squabbling about the size of the eye-holes in their bagged masks. It is typical Tarantino to incorporate this back-and-forth dialogue, and that’s fine. But Tarantino has yet to determine a way to amalgamate humour with horror, which becomes quite extreme in the latter half of the film,Reading and Use of Eng h a Tarantino’s message of exploitation is such that some bad people commit repeated cruelty against the innocent, This sets the scene for retaliation, because the good downtrodden people and their associates have good reasons to take revenge. Their revenge i justified because they have been agera- vated and mistreated. The more they have been assaulted, the more they merit the punishment, ‘That way the audience feels happy and morally assured in the display of violence - after all, the vic~ tims deserve it. B He is impeccably dressed, but the overall impression Is one of shabbiness, the same as his personality. He is fairly young, but seems middle aged and seedy. He has no qualms about abusing, maiming or killing his slaves, sometimes in the most brutal manner and takes pleasure in watching them suffer. c The film is to some extent based on the Django westerns of the 1960s, featuring Franco Nero, as well as the infamous Mandingo film of 1975. However, this fantastically outrageous version ‘operates on its own terms - or perhaps Tarantino's, ‘terms of violence - something of an impudent yet extremely humorous nightmare series of ever more violent events, D Despite an impeccable line up of stars, the one who ‘outshines the rest and totally upstages them is ‘Samuel L Jackson, who gives the performance of his life as Stephen, Candie’s household attendant, a sort of Uncle Tom character, who is wholly and bel- ligerently devoted to his master. E And so it ends fatally forthe slavers, but Schultz has found his man, as Django agrees to help him hunt down three outlaws in exchange for his freedom, Bounty-hunting, Schultz explains, i ‘a flesh-for-cash business just lke slavery. Django is also seeking his wife, a Germanspeaking slave named - to Schult’s surprise - Broomhilda (Kerry Washington). Like Django she was a runaway, and is branded on the face with a teltale R F Tarantino makes all of this glaringly obvious and keeps reminding the viewer, something that only he ‘and Jackson could have carried off in the Stephen character. Its cringe making when watched, espe- cially when so few films in Hollywood deal with the subject of slavery, except from the point of view of abolition. Tarantino is more than willing to deal with the subject matter head on, warts and all 6 In a surprisingly unpatronising manner, during their travels Schultz instils in Django a feeling of his own. independence, concentrating his antagonism against those who have misused him, and showing Django ‘why he should show them no mercy. The German teaches him such practical things as how to handle ‘8 gun and shoot accurately, how to read, as well as. the more subtle arts of roleplaying, being patient and also biding his time to take revenge.Part 8 You are going to read a magazine article about six young girls who have achieved success as designers while still in their teens. For questions: 47-56, choose from the sections (A-F). The sections may be chosen more than once. ‘Which of the successful young girls ‘owes success to doing something on a whim? is considering expanding her business? hopes to become very wealthy? was inspired by something boring? makes things that are cheap, fashionable and practical? makes a link between her success and having to learn a skill? seems modest about her success? started a bussiness for which she had no formal training? discovered her future career by accident? began her business because she had time on her hands? BRE 52 =] ey ey 54 H al 56 xReading and Use of English young female entrepreneurs Per eye ene cet B RT ‘A. Anala Patel - children’s clothes designer There's no doubt that Anala is going to be a big name in the future. Her forte is children’s clothes that challenge the traditional. Her fabries do not crease, are washable, and are not what children ‘would usually wear. Their cut and their design is more like a high-end fashion designer would make, yet they are inexpensive. ‘At my school’ explains the 16 year-old, ‘we have to learn practical skill, such as sewing. We had to design and make some ‘thing for a child, and I realy took to it. Before | knew it, a chain store wanted my designs and ™m going to work full-time for them when | leave school. i's so unreal when I see my name on the labels’ B Katerina Stellas - shoe designer ‘'m 18 and a shoe designer. Who'd have ever thought that would happen? Certainly not me!” Katerina’s life has changed completely and despite her excitement, she seems remarkably calm about her sudden rise to fame. Her shoes can be seen everywhere and now she's left school she’s devot- ing herself full-time to her new career, ‘I never dreamed something like this could happen. On impulse, | entered a competition So You Think You Could Do Better’ and I won. | love shoes, but could never find any that were really different and unique. Now I can, and so can every other teenag- er! Katerina has plans to design for all age groups. and is surprisingly eager considering she’s already struck it rich, Richenda Lefevre - website designer Richenda has no art training or real computer back- ground, yet here she Is, running her own business designing websites for large corporations, at the tender age of seventeen, ‘| built my own website when | was fifteen. You know, one of those free ones you can get. It was fun and I really got into all the different effects you could achieve. People started asking who had designed the site, and then my uncles asked for my help to set up their website for their business, and it just grew from there” Today, Richenda is revamping the websites of com- panies that deal primarily with teenagers, and she has more work than she can handle. She's thinking, of taking on staff - teenagers, of course! D Jemma Shuter - computer games designer Jemma had no interest in computer or video games Until she was fifteen, when she played her first game with a friend. She talks now like she's been doing it all her life. She found the game repetitive and dull and thought she could improve on it. She spent six months in the evenings and at weekends ‘working on it, but didn’t really expect to sell it to anyone. ‘It was always just to prove I could do it. My dad approached a company and now that it’s on the shelves, it feels great. My friends all love it and have bought a copy. I'm working on another one now that'll be even better | hope. I'm quite proud of it already! E Ivy Dawson - furniture designer ‘was so thrilled when I saw the furniture dé designed on display for everyone to see. All my ideas had come to life’ When Ivy and her family moved to a bigger house, her parents said she could have new bedroom fur- niture. They searched everywhere but couldn't find anything she liked. So Ivy made drawings of what she wanted and took it to the biggest department store in the area to ask if they could make it for her. They were so impressed with her designs that the 17 year-old is now working for them. ‘t had no idea what | wanted to do after | left school, so | found what | want to do purely by chance. I'm so happy. F Ellie Foxx - Jewellery designer Ellie started to make her own jewellery when she was studying for her A-levels to go to university.‘ didi’t have to go to school every day, and I couldn’t study all the time. Without much money, | bought some beads and the other stuff | needed! Ellie posted pictures of what she’d made on a social website to show her friends. They all wanted some | didn’t expect anything like this. Despite getting into university, I've decided to concentrate on the jewellery making. | sel it online and am sending out over a thousand orders a week. My goal isto ‘make my first million by the time I'm twenty-one, s0 two years to do it!WRITING - Part 1 You must answer this question. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 1. You have just listened to a radio discussion about how to encourage schoolchildren to eat healthily, You have made the notes below: Which methods should be employed to encourage healthier eating in schoolchildren? school educational programmes & subsidy of healthy foods in school canteens ban on unhealthy foods in school canteens Some opinions expressed in the discussion: “Education only works for those willing to change.” “Tf healthier foods are cheaper, more people will eat them." “Banning unhealthy foods at school won't work: students will eat them outside school.” Write an essay discussing two of the suggestions in your notes. You should explain which solution is more effective for encouraging healthier eating in schoolchildren, giving reasons in support of your answer. ‘You may, if you wish, make use of the opinions expressed in the discussion, but you should use your own words as far as possible. WRITING - Part 2 ‘Write an answer to one of the questions 2-4 in this part. Write your answer in 220-260 words in an appropriate style. 2. Your boss at work has asked you for ways to improve the overall wellness of your colleagues. He has asked you to come up with a proposal with recommendations for what and how to encourage people to improve their health. Other companies have encouraged employees to eat right, sleep well, exercise regularly, socialise with friends and family and to take holidays. You may use these suggestions in your proposal, but feel free to incorporate others. Be sure to provide reasons to support your recommendations. Write your proposal. 3. Your college has decided to start weekly English lessons via the Internet with a college in England. These lessons will be in addition to the English classes you already have. You have been asked to write a report for your teacher on the types of activities that most students would enjoy and why. You should also recommend whether the lessons should be held more often than once a week. Write your report. 4, Anewspaper is planning a series about how young people today like to celebrate their birthday, Readers are invited to send in letters in which they describe a birthday which was especially memorable and explain its significance in their lives. You decide to send in a letter. Write your letter. You do not need to include postal addresses.