EXAMPLE PROBLEM.

A proposed three (3) storey special moment – resisting frames;

commercial building will be erected beside Carlos P Romulo
Memorial Library and Museum along Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City.
The plan of the building is shown in the figures below, details of
the structural and non – structural components are also listed
below, details of doors, windows and stairs are not shown in the
plans for simplicity.
Slab 1 and Slab 2 : 125mm thick, and 150mm thick respectively
Superimposed floor dead load (ceiling, utilities, tiles, and
toppings) : 1.6 kPa
Square Column 1 : 400mm
Square Column 2 : 350mm
Interior and exterior beams of all floors, including roof beams : 250
mm x 450 mm
Interior and exterior CHB wall system : 3.0 kPa
CHB wall railing : 3.0 kPa at 1.1m height
Concrete Unit Weight : 23.6 kN/m3
Roof load (Ceiling, utilities, and roof) : 0.65 kPa
Concrete for all members : Grade3000

Live load on ground floor : 2.0kPa (retail store)

Live load on second floor : 2.0kPa (office)
Live load on third floor : 4.8 kPa (storage)
Roof live load : 0.6 kPa

Determine the following:

a. Effective seismic weight of each floor and the center of mass.
b. Total effective seismic weight
c. Seismic Base Shear
d. Vertically distributed shear force (seismic lateral force) at each
story
e. Story shear force and overturning moment at every floor level
f. Center of rigidity in each story
g. Horizontally distributed shear forces at the roof level,
considering accidental torsion. Assume the roof level is a rigid
diaphragm.
b. Total Effective Seismic Weight
Weight
Item Scope
(kN)
a Ground floor 0.000
b Second floor 506.299
c Third Floor 551.049
d Roof 240.604
TOTAL 1297.952

c. Seismic Base Shear

Location of the Building : beside Carlos P Romulo Memorial
Library and Museum along Romulo Blvd, Tarlac City.
Soil Profile : SD
Seismic Zone Factor Z 4: 0.4
Nearest Fault : Care Fault
Distance of nearest Fault : 6.9 km
Surface Rupture Length : approx. 7 km
Importance Factor : 1.0

𝑀 = 5.08 + 1.16log⁡(𝑆𝑅𝐿)
𝑀 = 6.06 < 6.5
Seismic source Type : C
Na = 1.0
Nv = 1.0
Ca = 0.44Na = 0.44(1.0) = 0.44
Cv = 0.64Nv = 0.64(1.0) = 0.64
Try. East Zambales Fault
Distance of nearest Fault : 6.9 km
Surface Rupture Length : approx. 70 km
 𝑀 = 5.08 + 1.16log⁡(𝑆𝑅𝐿)
𝑀 = 7.22 > 7
Seismic source Type : A - Governs
Na = 1.0
Nv = 1.0
Ca = 0.44Na = 0.44(1.0) = 0.44
Cv = 0.64Nv = 0.64(1.0) = 0.64

R = 8.5
T = (0.0731)(9.6)3/4 = 0.399 (Method A; 208 – 12)

From equation (208 – 8)

(0.64)(1)
𝑉= (𝑊 ) = 0.189𝑊
(8.5)(0.399)
From equation (208 – 9)
(2.5)(0.44)(1)
𝑉= (𝑊 ) = 0.129𝑊
(8.5)
From equation (208 – 10)
𝑉 = (0.11)(0.44)(1)(𝑊 ) = 0.048𝑊
From equation (208 – 11)
(0.8)(0.4)(1)(1)
𝑉= (𝑊 ) = 0.038𝑊
(8.5)
 From equation (208 – 9)
(2.5)(0.44)(1)
𝑉= (𝑊 ) = 0.129𝑊 -Governs
(8.5)

Therefore,
𝑉 = 0.129𝑊 = 0.129(1297.952) = 167.436⁡𝑘𝑁

d. Vertically distributed shear force (seismic lateral force) at each

story, Story shear force and overturning moment at every floor
level

𝑉 − 𝐹𝑡
𝑉 = 167.436⁡𝑘𝑁
𝐹𝑡 = 0 when 𝑇 ≤ 0.7𝑠𝑒𝑐
Therefore,
𝑉 − 𝐹𝑡 = 167.436
Weight Height W*H (Fx) (Vx) Overturning Moment
Level
(kN) (m) (kN*m) SHEAR FORCE (kN) Story Shear (kN) (kN * m)
Roof 240.604 9.600 2309.798 51.865 51.865 165.969
3F 551.049 6.400 3526.714 79.191 131.056 585.349
2F 506.299 3.200 1620.157 36.380 167.436 1121.144
GF 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000 0.000
SUM 7456.669

2.656 + 2.644 + 2.705

𝑅𝑀 = 1297.952 (5 − ) = 3026.391
3
Factor of Safety
𝑅𝑀 3026.391
𝐹. 𝑆 = = = 2.6994
𝑂𝑀 1121.144

A typical safety factor range is between 1.5 to 4, depending on

the type of structure and load.
f. Center of rigidity in each story

Stiffness of Columns
12𝐸𝐼
𝐾𝐶 =
𝐿3
1
12(21383.709)(( )(400)4)
𝐾𝐶1 = 12
= 16706.022
32003

1
12(21383.709)(( )(350)4)
𝐾𝐶2 = 12
= 9792.764
32003

Stiffness per Gridlines (A, B, and C)

Gridline A = KFA = 43204.809

Gridline B = KFB = 29378.291
Gridline C = KFC = 43204.809

Relative Stiffness
RA = 1
RB = 0.68
RC = 1

Stiffness per Gridlines (1, 2, and 3)

Gridline 1 = KF1 = 43204.809

Gridline 2 = KF2 = 29378.291
Gridline 3 = KF3 = 43204.809

Relative Stiffness
R1 = 1
R2 = 0.68
R3 = 1

1(0)+0.68(2.5)+1(5)
𝑥̅𝑟 = = 2.500 m
1+0.68+1

1(0)+0.68(2)+1(5)
𝑦̅𝑟 = = 2.373 m
1+0.68+1

g. Horizontally distributed shear forces at each floor, considering

accidental torsion. Assume the roof level is a rigid diaphragm.

𝑅 𝑅 𝑑𝑖
𝐹𝐷𝑖 = ∑ 𝑖 (𝐹𝑥⁡@⁡𝑛𝑡ℎ⁡𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 ) 𝑇 = 𝐹𝑥⁡@⁡𝑛𝑡ℎ⁡𝑓𝑙𝑜𝑜𝑟 (𝑒) 𝐹𝑇𝑥 = ∑ 𝑖 (𝑇)
𝑅 𝑅𝑑 2

@2nd FLOOR:
Fx @ 2nd floor = 36.380 kN

Direct Shear w/ Accidental Eccentricity

 Direct Shear w/ Accidental Eccentricity

Total Forces

@3rd FLOOR:
Fx @ 3rd floor = 79.191 kN

Direct Shear w/ Accidental Eccentricity

Direct Shear w/ Accidental Eccentricity

Total Forces