Professional Documents
Culture Documents
OBGYN Cheat Sheet
OBGYN Cheat Sheet
The questions below are a compilation of all the questions asked in 15 previous year university theory
exams ranging from 2014 to 2022.
ABBREVIATIONS / SYMBOLS
@ - denotes how many additional time the question has been repeated (‘@’ before a question means
that it has been asked twice before, ‘@@’ before a question means that it has been asked thrice before,
and so on).
LN- Long note
SN- Short note
[C] – compulsory long note
[O] – optional long note
S/s – Signs and symptoms
Cl/f – clinical features or clinical manifestations
D/d – differential diagnosis
Rx – treatment
Mx – management
C/I - contraindications
Pt - patient
OBSTETRICS
Fundamentals of Reproduction
The Fetus
LN: Describe in short the physiological changes that occur during pregnancy. [C]
Diagnosis of Pregnancy
The Fetus-in-Utero
Antenatal Care
SN: Down syndrome screening in pregnancy (Down syndrome is mentioned in another question put
under Chapter 33)
Normal Labour
LN: Explain in brief the stages of labor. How will you manage each of these stages in a case of normal
labor? [C]
LN: Describe the mechanism of labour in occipitoanterior position and outline its Mx. [C]
Normal Puerperium
SN: Lochia
Vomiting in Pregnancy
LN: Enumerate the causes of bleeding per vaginum in the first trimester. Give the diagnosis and Mx of
any one of them. [C]
LN: Give the d/d of first trimester bleeding per vaginum. How will you manage a case of inevitable
abortion at 16 weeks of pregnancy? [O]
LN: Discuss the various methods of MTP in 1st and 2nd trimester. [O] (asked in Paper II)
LN: Describe various methods of 1st trimester termination of pregnancy. [O] (asked in Paper II)
LN: Describe various methods of 2nd trimester termination of pregnancy. [O] (asked in Paper II)
@ LN: Discuss the etiology, diagnosis and Mx of tubal ectopic pregnancy. [O]
LN: What is ectopic pregnancy? How will you manage a case of unruptured tubal ectopic pregnancy of 5
weeks gestation? [O]
@ LN on Vesicular Mole:
How will you investigate and manage a case of a primigravida at 18 weeks with vesicular mole? [O]
OR
LN: Enumerate causes of the uterine height being more than the period of gestation. Add a note on
intrapartum complications and Mx of twins. [C]
LN: Enumerate the causes where uterine height is more than the weeks of amenorrhea. Discuss in brief
the Mx of a case of twin pregnancy at 32 weeks of gestation. [C]
LN: Write about the Mx of a twin pregnancy in a primigravida at 34 weeks of gestation. [O]
SN: Causes of oligohydramnios
Part of a LN: List the placental abnormalities and complications associated with it. [O]
LN: Classify hypertensive disorders in pregnancy. How will you investigate and manage a case of a
primigravida at 32 weeks of gestation with a BP of 160/110 mmHg? [O]
LN: How will you manage a case of a primigravida at 30 weeks with BP of 140/90mmHg? Enumerate the
complications in such a patient. [O]
LN: Describe briefly the pathophysiology of pregnancy induced hypertension. How will you manage a
case of 34 weeks of pregnancy with eclampsia? [C]
LN: Discuss the effects of PIH on the mother and the fetus and outline its Mx. [O]
LN: Discuss the cl/f of eclampsia. Enumerate its complications and outline the principles of its Mx. [C]
LN: Discuss the complications and Mx of a case of a primigravida at 30 weeks of gestation with
eclampsia. [O]
Antepartum Haemorrhage
LN: Discuss the etiology, complications and Mx of a case of a primigravida at 34 weeks with bleeding per
vaginum [O]
LN: Enumerate the various causes of antepartum haemorrhage. How will you manage a case of central
placenta previa at 32 weeks of pregnancy? [O]
LN: Describe the types of placenta previa. How will you manage a case of type II placenta previa at 36
weeks of pregnancy? [C]
LN: Discuss the diagnosis, complications and Mx in a primigravida at 36 weeks with concealed accidental
haemorrhage. [O]
LN: Define antepartum haemorrhage. Enumerate the complications and Mx of accidental haemorrhage.
[C]
LN: Define antepartum haemorrhage. Discuss the Mx of a G3P2L2 patient at 36 weeks of gestation with
abruption placentae. [C]
LN: Discuss the etiology, complications and Mx in a case of primigravida at 34 weeks of gestation with
Hb of 5g%. [O]
@ LN: Discuss causes, complications and Mx of iron deficienct anaemia at term. [O]
LN: How will you manage a case of 32 weeks of pregnancy with Hb 6g/dL? [O]
LN: Describe the etiology and classification of heart disease in pregnancy. What are the various general
precautions which you will take in a patient with heart disease in labour? [O]
LN: Discuss the complications and Mx of a primigravida at 36 weeks of gestation with RHD with MS. [C]
LN: How will you screen for diabetes in pregnancy? Discuss the Mx of a primigravida at 28 weeks of
pregnancy with Gestational DM. [C]
LN: A 30 y/o primigravida with 30 weeks of gestation is diagnosed as a case of GDM. List the
complications she is likely to have and briefly discuss her Mx. [O]
LN: What is gestational diabetes? How will you manage a case of a primgravida at term with GDM on
insulin? [C]
SN: Chorioamnionitis
Preterm Labour and Birth, Premature Rupture of Membranes, Postmaturity and Intrauterine Fetal
Death
LN: What are the causes of preterm labour? How will you manage a case of preterm labour? [O]
LN: Define premature rupture of membrane. Write the Mx of a primigravida at 34 weeks of gestation
with premature rupture of membrane. [O]
LN: Give the causes, diagnosis and Mx of intrauterine fetal death. [O]
Complicated Pregnancy
LN: How will you manage a post caesarean pregnancy at term? [C]
LN: What is iso-immunization? How will you manage such a case at 32 weeks of gestation? [O]
OR
LN: Discuss the Mx of a case of G2P1 at 28 weeks gestation with an Rh- mother. [O]
OR
SN: Anti D
Contracted Pelvis
LN: Enumerate the causes of contracted pelvis. Describe the diagnosis and Mx of cephalopelvic
disproportion. [C]
@ LN/Part of a LN: (Define trial of labour.) Discuss in brief the Mx of a case of primigravida at term with
borderline cephalopelvic disproportion. [O]
Complicated Labour
LN: How will you diagnose and manage a case of occipitoposterior position in a primigravida at term in
labour? [C]
LN: Discuss the etiological factors, diagnosis and Mx in a case of a primigravida at 34 weeks with breech
presentation. [O]
LN: Enumerate causes of breech presentation. Add a note on Assisted Breech Delivery and its
complications. [O]
LN: Discuss mechanism of labour and its Mx in a term pregnancy with face presentation. [O]
LN: Define obstructed labour. How will you manage a case of second stage arrest of labour. [O]
LN: A primigravida at term has protracted dilatation at 5cm in labour. Discuss the possible etiological
factors and its Mx. [O]
SN: Anencephaly
@@ LN: (Define PPH.) Give the causes/etiology of PPH. How will you manage a case of atonic PPH?
[O/C]
LN: Enumerate the various causes of PPH. How will you manage a case of retained placenta? [C]
LN: Discuss the etiology, cl/f, diagnosis and Mx of rupture uterus. [O]
LN: Discuss the etiology, cl/f, complications and Mx of rupture uterus. [O]
LN: Enumerate complications of puerperium and discuss any one in brief. [O]
LN: Define puerperium. Discuss the d/d and Mx of puerperial pyrexia. [C]
LN: Define puerperal pyrexia. Enumerate the causes. How will you investigate and manage a case of
puerperal sepsis? [O]
LN: Define puerperium. Discuss the etiology and Mx of puerperal sepsis. [O]
LN: Define puerperal pyrexia. How will you manage a case of puerperal genital sepsis? [O]
LN: Enumerate etiological factors for IUGR. How will you manage a case of a primigravida at 32 weeks of
pregnancy with IUGR? [C]
@@ SN: Cephalhematoma
Pharmacotherapeutics in Obstetrics
@ SN: Oxytocin
@ SN: Tocolytics
Induction of Labour
@@ LN: (Define induction of labour.) Give indications, methods and complications of induction of
labour. [O]
SN: Amniotomy
@ SN: Partogram
Operative Obstetrics
@ SN: Episiotomy
@ LN: Enumerate indications of LSCS. How will you manage a case of G2P1 at term with previous LSCS?
[C/O]
@@@ LN: Define maternal mortality ratio (MMR)/maternal mortality rate/maternal mortality. What are
the major causes/ etiological factors of maternal mortality (in India)? Suggest a few measures to
lower/prevent the maternal mortality (in India). [O/C]
SN: PC and PNDT Act (Preconception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques Act)
SN: Amniocentesis
GYNAEC
Anatomy of the Female Pelvic Organs
LN: Discuss the lymphatic drainage of genital tract and its significance. [C]
Menopause
SN: Menopause
Menstruation
LN: Describe in brief the method of obtaining and interpreting pap smear (Papanicolaou smear) in a pt.
[C]
@ SN: Colposcopy
Pelvic Infection
LN: Give the etiology, diagnosis and Rx of pelvic inflammatory disease. [O]
STIs
SN: Pyometra
Dysmenorrhea
Define various menstrual irregularities and describe the causes and Mx of any one. [O]
SN: Menorrhagia
LN: A 30y/o lady comes with menorrhagia. Discuss the Mx of such a pt in the absence of palpable pelvic
pathology. [O]
SN: Metrorrhagia
LN: A 30y/o para 2 presents with menometrorrhagia Discuss the d/d and Mx. [O]
LN: Discuss the etiology, Dx and Mx of dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB). [O]
LN: How will you investigate and manage a case of DUB in reproductive age group? [O]
LN: A 30y/o F presents with AUB. Discuss its etiology and Mx. [O]
Displacement of the Uterus
@ LN: Describe the supports of uterus. Discuss the etiology and prevention of prolapse (of uterus). [C]
LN: Enumerate various etiologies of prolapse of uterus. How will you investigate and manage a 3 rd
degree uterocervical prolapse in a 50 y/o woman? [O]
LN: A 24y/o married woman presented with 2nd degree descent of cervix. How will you investigate and
manage her? [C]
LN: Discuss complications that can occur in a long standing uterine prolapse. How will you manage a
case of 70 y/o with procidentia? [C]
SN: Cystocoele
Infertility
LN: What are the tests for detecting ovulation? Enumerate causes of anovulation and its Rx. [O]
LN: How will you investigate a couple presenting with infertility? [O]
LN: How will you investigate a couple presenting with primary infertility? [O]
LN: How will you investigate a case of primary infertility? Discuss tubal patency tests. [O]
@ LN: Enumerate/describe the different tests/methods for detection of ovulation. Write in brief about
(induction of ovulation in / Mx of) anovulatory infertility. [O]
LN: What are the various types of fibroids? Describe in brief the Mx of fibroids in a 45 y/o woman. [C]
LN: How will you manage a 30 y/o lady with leiomyoma of the uterus? Briefly describe the secondary
changes which a leiomyoma can undergo. [O]
LN: Discuss the investigations and Rx of multiple fibroids in a 30 y/o multigravid patient. [O]
SN: Myomectomy
A 38 y/o lady is found to have an ovarian cyst of 10 x 10 cm size. How will you evaluate her and decide
on the Mx. [O]
Endometriosis
LN: What is endometriosis? Describe its etiology, cl/f and Mx. [O]
LN: Describe the clinical presentation of endometriosis and its Mx. [C]
LN: Enumerate the investigations and Rx options in a 26 y/o single pt with pelvic endometriosis. [O]
LN: A 26 y/o multigravida with pelvic endometriosis desires conception. Describe various investigations
and Rx options for her. [O]
@ SN: Chocolate cysts (of the ovary)
Premalignant Lesions
SN: CIN 3
Part of a LN: Describe the role of HPV in the etiology of ca cervix. [C]
@ LN/Part of a LN: Write in brief different screening methods/tests for cervical cancer. [C] (also refer to
“Examination of a Gynaecological Patient and Diagnostic Procedures” chapter)
Genital Malignancy
@ LN: Give the FIGO staging of cervical cancer. Discuss in brief the (stagewise) Mx of cervical cancer. [O]
LN: Discuss the cl/f, staging and outline the stage wise Mx of cervical cancer. [C]
Part of a LN: Discuss in brief the Mx of cervical cancer. List the complications in such a patient. [C]
Part of a LN: How does a ca cervix patient present? Outline the diagnosis and Mx of a case of stage I ca
cervix. [C]
LN: What are the risk factors for ca endometrium? Discuss the diagnosis and Mx of ca endometrium. [O]
LN: Discuss cl/f, staging and Mx of malignant epithelial ovarian tumours. [O]
LN: How will you diagnose and manage a case of malignant ovarian tumour? [C]
SN: Tumour markers in ovarian cancer
SN: Dysgerminoma
Genitourinary Fistula
Part of a LN: What are the primary measures that can be taken to prevent ureteric damage in
gynaecological surgeries? [O]
Amenorrhea
@ SN: Cryptomenorrhea
LN: Define primary amennhorea. How would you investigate a case of primary amenhorrea? [O]
SN: Mx of PCOS
Contraception
@@ LN on contraceptive options:
Discuss contraceptive options in a Para I patient with pros and cons of each. [O]
OR
A 30 y/o para I comes for family planning advice. How will you counsel her with advantages and
disadvantages of one method over the other? [O]
OR
A 25 y/o para I wants contraception. Discuss various options suitable for her with advantages and
disadvantages of each. [O]
LN: Discuss in bried C/Is, complications, benefits and side effects of IUCDs. [O]
LN: Discuss in brief C/I, complications, beneficial and side effects of oral contraceptive pills. List all the
uses of these pills. [C]
LN: What is emergency contraceptive? Enumerate its indications and describe in brief the various
modalities of emergency contraception. [C]
SN: Tubectomy
@@ SN: Danazol
SN: Mifepristone
Gynaecological Problems from Birth to Adolescence
Special Topics
@@ SN: Leucorrhoea
LN: Enumerate gynaecological causes of acute abdomen and discuss any commonest of them. [O] (this is
exactly what was printed in the paper, yes I know it makes no sense)
LN: A lady of reproductive age group is brought with acute pain in abdomen. How will you manage her?
[C]
@ Part of a LN: Enumerate/What are the various causes of post-menopausal bleeding (p/v). [O]
LN: Give causes of postmenopausal bleeding. How will you diagnose and manage such a pt? [C]
LN: Discuss d/d of lump in abdomen. Give the Mx of any one. [O]
LN: A perimenopausal woman presents with palpable mass in lower abdomen. Discuss d/d and Mx of
any one condition. [C]
Operative Gynaecology
Part of a LN: What precautions can you take to rescue blood loss at the time of myomectomy? [O]
@ SN: Hysteroscopy