‫ﻟﻠﻤﺠﻠﺲ اﻷول‬

‫ﺷـــﺮح‬
 ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬

‫ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﰲ اﻹﻳﻤﺎن‬
 ‫ﻣﺪﺧﻞ‬

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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﺪ وآﻟﻪ وﺳﻠﻢ‬

‫ﰲ ِﻗَﺮاَءًة َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ َوأََ‪ 5‬أَْﲰَُﻊ ِﰲ‬ ‫ﺼﻮِ ﱡ‬‫ﻒ اْﻷُوِﻗﱡﻲ اﻟ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺴُﻦ ﺑُْﻦ أَْﲪََﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻳُـْﻮُﺳ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬ا ِْﻹَﻣﺎُم اﻟﱠﺰاِﻫُﺪ َواﻟَْﻮِر ُ‬
‫ع أَﺑُﻮ َﻋﻠٍّﻲ َﺣ َ‬ ‫أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ث وِﻋْﺸِﺮﻳﻦ وِﺳﺘِِّﻤﺎﺋٍَﺔ ِﻗﻴﻞ ﻟَﻪ‪ :‬أَْﺧﱪُﻛﻢ ا ِْﻹﻣﺎم اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺢ أَﺑُﻮ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﻟ ُ‬ ‫ْ َ ُ ََ ْ َ ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫س َﻋْﺸَﺮ َرﺑِﻴٍﻊ اْﻷَﱠول َﺳﻨَﺔَ ﺛَﻼ َ‬ ‫ﻳَـْﻮم اْﻷَْرﺑَِﻌﺎء َﺳﺎد َ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﺐ َﺳﻨَﺔَ َﲬْ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﰲ اﻟﺜﱠﺎِﻣِﻦ ِﻣْﻦ َرَﺟ ٍ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺗَْﺴَﻤُﻊ‪َ ،‬وَذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﱯ ِﻗَﺮاَءًة َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ َوأَﻧْ َ‬‫‪ُ k‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋِﻠٍّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ اﻟﱠﺮَﺣِ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻋُﺒـﻴِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
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‫ﺻﺎِدٍق ُﻣْﺮِﺷُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺸْﻴُﺦ أَﺑُﻮ َ‬ ‫ﱪُﻛْﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ﺼَﺮ ﻓَﺄَﻗَـﱠﺮ ﺑﻪ َوﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ ﻗﻴَﻞ ﻟَﻪُ‪ :‬أَْﺧ ََ‬ ‫ﲔ َوَﲬْﺴِﻤﺎﺋَﺔ ﺑِـ ﻓُْﺴﻄَﺎط ﻣ ْ‬ ‫َوَﺳْﺒﻌ َ‬
‫ﺑِْﻦ ﻗَﺎِﺳِﻢ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋِﻠٍّﻲ اﻟْﺒَـﱠﺰاُز اﻟَْﻤَﺪِﱐﱡ ﺑِـ ﻓُْﺴﻄَﺎٍط ِﰲ َﺷْﻬِﺮ َرﺑِﻴٍﻊ اﻵﺧِﺮ َﺳﻨَﺔَ َﲬَْﺴﺔَ َﻋْﺸَﺮةَ َوَﲬِْﺴِﻤﺎﺋٍَﺔ ﻓَﺄَﻗَـﱠﺮ ﺑِِﻪ‬
‫ي ِﻗَﺮاَءًة َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ ﻳَـْﻮَم‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴِﻮ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ اﻟَْﻔﺎِرﺳﱡﻲ اﻟَْﻔ َ‬ ‫ِوﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ أََ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ اﻟَْﻘﺎﺳِﻢ َﻋﻠﱡﻲ ﺑُْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻠِّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ أَْﲪََﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻋﻴ َ‬
‫ﺴِﻦ ﺑُْﻦ َرِﺷﻴٍﻖ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اْﳉﻤﻌِﺔ ِﰲ اﻟﺘﱠﺎِﺳِﻊ ﻋ َ ِ‬
‫ﲔ َوأَْرﺑَﻌﻤﺎﺋَﺔ أََ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ اْﳊَ َ‬ ‫ﺸَﺮ ﻣْﻦ َﺷﱠﻮاٍل ﻣْﻦ َﺳﻨَﺔ إِْﺣَﺪى َوأَْرﺑَﻌ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُُ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ ﻳَـْﻮِم‬ ‫ﰲ ِﻗَﺮاَءًة َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ َوَذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ي ِﻗَﺮاَءًة َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ َ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ اﻟَْﻌﻼِء ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ أَْﲪََﺪ ﺑِْﻦ َﺟْﻌَﻔٍﺮ اﻟَْﻮِﻛﻴِﻌﱡﻲ اﻟُْﻜﻮِ ﱡ‬ ‫اﻟَْﻌْﺴَﻜِﺮ ﱡ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﺷ ْﻴـﺒَﺔَ‬ ‫ﲔ َ‪ 5‬أَﺑﻮ ﺑْﻜٍﺮ َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻟِﺴﺒِﻊ ﻟَﻴﺎٍل ﺑِﻘﲔ ِﻣﻦ ﺻَﻔِﺮ ﺳﻨﺔَ ﺳﺒٍﻊ وﺗِﺴِﻌ ِ‬
‫ﲔ َوﻣﺎﺋَـﺘَ ْ ِ ُ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺴْﺒ ِ َ ْ َ َ َ ْ َ َ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﰲ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫اﻟُْﻜﻮِ ﱡ‬
‫َﻣﺎ ذُِﻛَﺮ ِﰲ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‬
‫ث َﻋْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎِذ ﺑِْﻦ َﺟﺒٍَﻞ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻋُْﺮَوةَ ﺑَْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠـﱠﺰاِل ُﳛَ ِّﺪ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻏُْﻨَﺪٌر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺷْﻌﺒَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊََﻜِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬
‫‪ ،k‬أَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ ﺑَِﻌَﻤٍﻞ ﻳُْﺪِﺧﻠُِﲏ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫أَﻗْـﺒَـْﻠﻨَﺎ َﻣَﻊ َرُﺳﻮِل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻣْﻦ ﻏَْﺰَوة ﺗَـﺒُﻮَك‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻠَﱠﻤﺎ َرأَﻳْـﺘُﻪُ َﺧﺎﻟﻴًﺎ ﻗُـْﻠ ُ َ َ ُ‬
‫ﺴَﺮﻩُ اﱠ‪ ،ُk‬ﺗُِﻘﻴُﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةَ اﻟَْﻤْﻜﺘُﻮﺑَﺔَ‪َ ،‬وﺗُـْﺆدي‬ ‫ﲑ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣْﻦ ﻳَ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋْﻦ َﻋﻈﻴٍﻢ‪َ ،‬وُﻫَﻮ ﻳَﺴ ٌ‬ ‫اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﺑَْﺦ‪ ،‬ﻟََﻘْﺪ َﺳﺄَﻟْ َ‬
‫س اْﻷَْﻣِﺮ َوَﻋُﻤﻮِدﻩِ َوذُْرَوةِ ِﺳﻨَﺎِﻣِﻪ؟ َوأَﱠﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋﻠَﻰ َرأْ ِ‬ ‫ﺿﺔَ‪َ ،‬وﺗَـْﻠَﻘﻰ اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻻ ﺗُْﺸِﺮُك ﺑِِﻪ َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ‪ ،‬أََوَﻻ أَُدﻟﱡ َ‬ ‫اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ اﻟَْﻤْﻔُﺮو َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةُ‪ ،‬وأَﱠﻣﺎ ذُروةُ ِﺳﻨَﺎِﻣِﻪ ﻓَﺎْﳉِﻬﺎُد ِﰲ ﺳﺒِﻴِﻞ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪.«k‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫س اْﻷَْﻣِﺮ ﻓَﺎ ِْﻹْﺳَﻼُم‪َ ،‬ﻣْﻦ أَْﺳﻠََﻢ َﺳﻠَﻢ‪َ ،‬وأَﱠﻣﺎ َﻋُﻤﻮُدﻩُ ﻓَﺎﻟ ﱠ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َرأْ ُ‬
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 ‫‪3‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎٍذ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊََﻜِﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻴُﻤﻮِن ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﺷﺒِﻴ ٍ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﺒِﻴَﺪةُ ﺑُْﻦ ُﲪَْﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ِﰲ ﻏَْﺰَوةِ ﺗَـﺒُﻮَك‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ذََﻛَﺮ َْﳓَﻮﻩُ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺧﺮﺟﻨَﺎ ﻣﻊ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َْ ََ َُ‬
‫ﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِرﺑِْﻌٍّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َرُﺟٍﻞ‪ِ ،‬ﻣْﻦ ﺑَِﲏ أََﺳٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋِﻠٍّﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل‬ ‫ص‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ اْﻷَْﺣَﻮ ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑَـَﻌﺜَِﲏ‬‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬أَرﺑﻊ ﻟَﻦ َِﳚَﺪ رﺟﻞ ﻃَﻌﻢ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن ﺣﱠﱴ ﻳـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ‪ِØ‬ﱠﻦ‪َ :‬ﻻ إِﻟَﻪ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪ k‬وﺣَﺪﻩُ‪ ،‬وأَِﱐ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫ُ َْ َ ّ َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُ َ‬ ‫َُ ٌ َْ‬ ‫َْ ٌ ْ‬
‫ت‪َ ،‬وﻳُـْﺆِﻣُﻦ ِ∞ﻟَْﻘَﺪِر ُﻛﻠِِّﻪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ث ِﻣﻦ ﺑـْﻌِﺪ اﻟْﻤﻮ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ُﰒﱠ َﻣ ْﺒـُﻌﻮ ٌ ْ َ َ ْ‬ ‫ِ∞ْﳊَِّﻖ‪َ ،‬وِ‪َ±‬ﻧﱠﻪُ َﻣﻴِّ ٌ‬
‫س‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺟﺎَء أَْﻋَﺮاِ ﱞ‬
‫ﰊ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﺎِﱂ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ اْﳉَْﻌِﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺋِ ِ‬ ‫ﻀْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎِء ﺑِْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ - ٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ﻓُ َ‬
‫ﻚ« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إِِّﱐ َرُﺟٌﻞ ِﻣْﻦ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ» :‬وَﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َ‪ ò‬ﻏَُﻼَم ﺑَِﲏ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟُْﻤﻄﱠِﻠ ِ‬ ‫ﺴَﻼُم َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫إَﱃ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬
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‫ﻚ ﻓَُﻤِﺸﻴُﺪ َﻣْﺴﺄَﻟَِﱵ إِﱠ‪َò‬ك‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ َوَواﻓُِﺪُﻫْﻢ‪َ ،‬وأََ‪َ 5‬ﺳﺎﺋِﻠُ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﻣْﻦ ﺑَِﲏ َﺳْﻌِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﺑَْﻜٍﺮ‪َ ،‬وأََ‪َ 5‬رُﺳﻮُل ﻗَـْﻮِﻣﻲ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫أَْﺧَﻮاﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ُﻫَﻮ َﺧﺎﻟُِﻖ‬ ‫ﻚ َ‪ ò‬أََﺧﺎ ﺑَِﲏ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ« ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ َﺧﻠََﻘ َ‬ ‫َوُﻣﻨَﺎِﺷُﺪَك ﻓَُﻤِﺸﻴُﺪ ُﻣﻨَﺎَﺷَﺪِﰐ إِﱠ‪َò‬ك‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ» :‬ﺧْﺬ َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻚ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ« ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻚ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬أَُﻫَﻮ أَْرَﺳﻠَ َ‬ ‫ﺸْﺪﺗُ َ‬ ‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ُﻫَﻮ َﺧﺎﻟُِﻖ َﻣْﻦ ﺑَـْﻌَﺪَك؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﱠ‪ .«ُk‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـﻨَ َ‬ ‫َﻣْﻦ ﻗَـ ْﺒـﻠَ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫ﺸْﺪﺗُ َ‬ ‫ﺴْﺒَﻊ‪َ ،‬وأَْﺟَﺮى ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬَﻤﺎ اﻟ ِّﺮْزَق؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﱠ‪ «ُk‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَﻧْ َ‬ ‫ﲔ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴْﺒﻊ واْﻷَر ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ َﺧﻠََﻖ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺿَ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤَﻮات اﻟ ﱠ َ َ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﲬ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺔ‬‫ﻚ‪ ،‬أَْن ﻧُﺼ ِﻠّﻲ ِﰲ اﻟْﻴـﻮِم واﻟﻠﱠﻴـﻠَ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وأََﻣَﺮﺗْـﻨَﺎ ُرُﺳﻠُ َ‬ ‫ﻚ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪َ 5‬وَﺟْﺪَ‪ِ 5‬ﰲ ِﻛﺘَﺎﺑِ َ‬ ‫أَُﻫَﻮ أَْرَﺳﻠَ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ َ َْ َ ْ‬
‫ﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وأََﻣَﺮﺗْـﻨَﺎ ُرُﺳﻠُ َ‬ ‫‪ k‬أَُﻫَﻮ أََﻣَﺮَك؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪َ 5‬وَﺟْﺪَ‪ِ 5‬ﰲ ِﻛﺘَﺎﺑِ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺸْﺪﺗُ َ‬ ‫ت ﻟَِﻤَﻮاِﻗﻴﺘَِﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻨَ َ‬ ‫ﺻﻠَﻮا ٍ‬
‫ََ‬
‫‪ k‬أَُﻫَﻮ أََﻣَﺮَك؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ«‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻚ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺸْﺪﺗُ َ‬ ‫أَْن َ‪ُْº‬ﺧَﺬ ِﻣْﻦ َﺣَﻮاِﺷﻲ أَْﻣَﻮاﻟِﻨَﺎ ﻓَـﻨَـُﺮﱠدﻩُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻓُـَﻘَﺮاﺋِﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻨَ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِ∞ْﳊَِّﻖ‪َ ،‬ﻷَْﻋَﻤﻠَﱠﻦ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫ب ِﱄ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻣﺎ َواﻟﱠِﺬي ﺑَـَﻌﺜَ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ َوَﻻ إِْر َ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺋِِﻠ َ‬ ‫أَﱠﻣﺎ اْﳋَﺎِﻣﺴﺔُ ﻓَـﻠَﺴ ُ ِ‬
‫ﺖﺑَ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ت ﻧَـَﻮاِﺟُﺬﻩُ‪َ ،‬وﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬واﻟﱠِﺬي ﻧَـْﻔِﺴﻲ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ َﺣﱠﱴ ﺑََﺪ ْ‬ ‫ﻚ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫وﻣﻦ أَﻃَﺎَﻋِﲏ ِﻣﻦ ﻗَـﻮِﻣﻲ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ رﺟﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓَ َ ِ‬
‫ﻀﺤ َ َ ُ‬ ‫ََ َ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ََ ْ‬
‫ِِ ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪَق ﻟَﻴَْﺪُﺧﻠَﱠﻦ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑِﻴَﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻟَﺌْﻦ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪4‬‬

‫ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ" :‬ﻛﻨﱠﺎ ﻗَْﺪ ُ‪ِƒ‬ﻴﻨَﺎ أَْن ﻧَْﺴﺄََل‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ٍ‬ ‫‪ - ٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺷﺒﺎﺑﺔُ ﺑْﻦ ﺳﱠﻮاٍر‪ 5 ،‬ﺳﻠَْﻴﻤﺎُن ﺑْﻦ اﻟْﻤِﻐﲑِة‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َ√ﺑِ ٍ‬
‫ُ َ ُ ُ َ ْ‬ ‫ََ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ َﻋْﻦ َﺷْﻲٍء‪َ ،‬وَﻛﺎَن ﻳُـْﻌِﺠﺒُـﻨَﺎ أَْن َِﳚﻲَء اﻟﱠﺮُﺟُﻞ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟْﺒَﺎِدﻳَِﺔ اﻟَْﻌﺎِﻗُﻞ ﻓَـﻴَْﺴﺄَﻟُﻪُ َوَْﳓُﻦ ﻧَْﺴَﻤُﻊ‪،‬‬ ‫رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺗَـْﺰﻋُُﻢ أَﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬أَْرَﺳﻠَ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓَـَﺰَﻋَﻢ أَﻧﱠ َ‬ ‫ﻓََﺠﺎَءﻩُ َرُﺟٌﻞ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟْﺒَﺎِدﻳَِﺔ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ُ òَ :‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ‪ ،‬أَﺗَﻰ َرُﺳﻮﻟُ َ‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ﺼَ‬ ‫ض؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﱠ‪ «ُk‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ ﻧَ َ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎَء؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﱠ‪ «ُk‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ َﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷَْر َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪَق« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ َﺧﻠََﻖ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫»َ‬
‫ﻚ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ اْﳉِﺒَﺎَل‪ ،‬آﱠ‪ ُk‬أَْرَﺳﻠَ َ‬‫ﺼَ‬‫ض‪َ ،‬وﻧَ َ‬ ‫َﻫِﺬﻩِ اْﳉِﺒَﺎَل؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﱠ‪ «ُk‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺒِﺎﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴَﻤﺎَء‪َ ،‬وَﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷَْر َ‬
‫ﺻَﺪَق«‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺒِﺎﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺻﻠََﻮات ِﰲ ﻳَـْﻮﻣﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ » :‬‬ ‫ﺲ َ‬ ‫»ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ« ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬زَﻋَﻢ َرُﺳﻮﻟُ َ ﱠ‬
‫ﻚ أَن َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ َﲬْ َ‬
‫ﻚ أَﱠن َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ‬ ‫ﺐ اْﳉِﺒَﺎَل آﱠ‪ ُk‬أََﻣَﺮَك ِ‪ََØ‬ﺬا؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ«‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬زَﻋَﻢ َرُﺳﻮﻟُ َ‬ ‫ﺼَ‬‫ض‪َ ،‬وﻧَ َ‬ ‫ت‪َ ،‬وَﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷَْر َ‬ ‫ﺴﻤﻮا ِ‬
‫اﻟ ﱠ َ َ‬
‫ﺐ اْﳉﺒَﺎَل آﱠ‪ُk‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺼَ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎَء‪َ ،‬وَﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷَْر َ‬
‫ض‪َ ،‬وﻧَ َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪَق«‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺒِﺎﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻْﻮَم َﺷْﻬٍﺮ ِﰲ َﺳﻨَﺘﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ » :‬‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻚ أَﱠن َﻋﻠَﻴـﻨَﺎ اْﳊﱠﺞ ِﻣﻦ اﺳﺘَﻄَﺎ َ ِ‬ ‫أََﻣَﺮَك ِ‪ََØ‬ﺬا؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ«‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬زَﻋَﻢ َرُﺳﻮﻟُ َ‬
‫ﺻَﺪَق«‪.‬‬ ‫ع إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َﺳﺒِﻴًﻼ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ » :‬‬ ‫ْ َ َ ْ‬
‫ﺐ اْﳉِﺒَﺎَل آﱠ‪ ُk‬أََﻣَﺮَك ِ‪ََØ‬ﺬا؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ«‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ :‬واﻟﱠِﺬي‬ ‫ﺼَ‬ ‫ض‪َ ،‬وﻧَ َ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎَء‪َ ،‬وَﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷَْر َ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺒِﺎﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ِ∞ْﳊِّﻖ َﻻ أَِزﻳُﺪ ﻋﻠَﻴِﻪ َﺷﻴـﺌﺎ‪ ،‬وَﻻ أُﻧِْﻘ ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪَق َدَﺧَﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺺ ﻣْﻨﻪُ َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬إِْن َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ ْ ًْ َ‬ ‫ﺑَـَﻌﺜَ َ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋِﻠ ِﻲ ﺑِْﻦ ﻣﺴﻌَﺪةَ‪ 5 ،‬ﻗَـﺘَﺎَدةُ‪ 5 ،‬أَﻧَﺲ ﺑْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ُ ُ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َزﻳُْﺪ ﺑُْﻦ اْﳊُﺒَﺎ ِ ْ ّ َ ْ َ‬
‫ﺻْﺪِرﻩِ‪» :‬اﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى َﻫﺎُﻫﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى َﻫﺎُﻫﻨَﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ« ُﰒﱠ ﻳِﺸ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲑ ﺑِﻴَﺪﻩ إَِﱃ َ‬ ‫ُ ُ‬ ‫ﷺ‪» :‬ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼُم َﻋَﻼﻧِﻴَﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ِﰲ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬
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 ‫‪5‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻻ إِﳝَﺎَن ﻟَِﻤْﻦ َﻻ‬ ‫ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑُْﻦ اﻟِْﻤْﻘَﺪاِم‪ 5 ،‬أَﺑُﻮ ِﻫَﻼٍل‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ٍ‬ ‫ﺼَﻌ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﻣ ْ‬
‫أََﻣﺎﻧَﺔَ ﻟَﻪُ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ‪:‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ ِﻫْﻨٍﺪ اْﳉﻤِﻠ ِﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﻋِﻠﱞﻲ ر ِ‬ ‫ف‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ - ٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ 5 ،‬ﻋْﻮ ٌ ْ ْ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ََ ّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻛﻠﱡﻪُ‪َ ،‬وإِﱠن‬ ‫ﺾ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ُ‬‫ﺿﺎ‪َ ،‬ﺣﱠﱴ ﻳَـ ْﺒـﻴَ ﱠ‬ ‫ت ﺑَـﻴَﺎ ً‬‫ﺐ‪ُ ،‬ﻛﻠﱠَﻤﺎ اْزَداَد ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن‪ ،‬اْزَداَد ْ‬ ‫ﻀﺎءُ ِﰲ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬‫»ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ﻳَـْﺒَﺪأُ ﻟُْﻤﻈَﺔٌ ﺑَـْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻛﻠﱡﻪُ‪َ ،‬واﻟﱠِﺬي ﻧَـْﻔِﺴﻲ‬ ‫ت َﺣﱠﱴ ﻳَْﺴَﻮﱠد اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻓَُﻜﻠﱠَﻤﺎ اْزَداَد اﻟﻨَِّﻔﺎُق اْزَداَد ْ‬ ‫اﻟﻨَِّﻔﺎَق ﻳَـْﺒَﺪأُ ﻟُْﻤﻈَﺔٌ َﺳْﻮَداءُ ِﰲ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻣﻨَﺎﻓٍِﻖ َوَﺟْﺪُﲤُﻮﻩُ أَْﺳَﻮَد‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬وﻟَْﻮ َﺷَﻘْﻘﺘُْﻢ َﻋْﻦ ﻗَـْﻠ ِ‬ ‫ﺾ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬ ‫ﺑِﻴِﺪﻩِ ﻟَﻮ َﺷَﻘْﻘﺘﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻗَـْﻠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻣْﺆﻣٍﻦ َوَﺟْﺪُﲤُﻮﻩُ أَﺑْـﻴَ َ‬ ‫ُْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ﺐ«‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬
‫‪» :k‬إِﱠن‬ ‫ب‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎَن ﺑِْﻦ َﻣِﺴﲑَة‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻃَﺎِرِق ﺑِْﻦ ِﺷَﻬﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ُ‬
‫ﲑ ﻟَْﻮَن ﻗَـْﻠﺒِِﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ أُْﺧَﺮى َﺣﱠﱴ ﻳَﺼ َ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻓَـﺘُـْﻨَﻜ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﱠﺬﻧْ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﺖ ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒﻪ ﻧُْﻜﺘَﺔٌ َﺳْﻮَداءُ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻳُْﺬﻧ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﱠﺬﻧْ َ‬
‫ﺐ ﻓَـﻴُـْﻨَﻜ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﱠﺮُﺟَﻞ ﻟَﻴُْﺬﻧ ُ‬
‫ﺸﺎةِ اﻟﱠﺮﺑَْﺪاِء«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻟَْﻮَن اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺖ أََﻣﺎﻧَﺔُ َﻋْﺒٍﺪ ﻗَ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺺ‬‫ﻂ إِﱠﻻ ﻧَـَﻘ َ‬ ‫ﺼ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل ﻫَﺸﺎٌم‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣﺎ ﻧَـَﻘ َ‬
‫إِﳝَﺎﻧُﻪُ«‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪6‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ب« ‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ - ١١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎُن ﺑُْﻦ ﻋُﻴَـ ْﻴـﻨَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻋُﺒَـْﻴﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤ ٍْﲑ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن َﻫﻴُﻮ ٌ‬
‫ي‬‫ﺚ ﺑِْﺸَﺮ ﺑَْﻦ ُﺳَﺤْﻴٍﻢ اﻟِْﻐَﻔﺎِر ﱠ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﺑَـَﻌ َ‬ ‫‪ - ١٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑﻦ ﻋُﻴـﻴـﻨَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َ‪5‬ﻓِِﻊ ﺑِﻦ ﺟﺒ ٍْﲑ‪ :‬أَﱠن رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ ُ َْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺲ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨَﺔٌ"‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳَـْﻮَم اﻟﻨﱠْﺤِﺮ ﻳُـﻨَﺎدي ِﰲ ﻣًﲎ‪" :‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻻ ﻳَْﺪُﺧُﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ إﱠﻻ ﻧَـْﻔ ٌ‬
‫ﺻﻴَﺎُﻣﻪُ‪َ ،‬ﻣْﻦ َﺷﺎَء‬ ‫‪ - ١٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪ِ 5 ،‬ﻫَﺸﺎم ﺑْﻦ ﻋُﺮوةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳـﻐُﱠﺮﻧﱠُﻜﻢ ﺻَﻼةُ اْﻣِﺮٍئ وَﻻ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ ُ َْ‬ ‫َ ٌ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻻ ِدﻳَﻦ ﻟَِﻤْﻦ َﻻ أََﻣﺎﻧَﺔَ ﻟَﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺎَم‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َﺷﺎَء َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺐ ﺑِْﻦ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﱠﻔﺎُن‪َ 5 ،‬ﲪﱠﺎُد ﺑُْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﺟْﻌَﻔٍﺮ اْﳋَﻄِْﻤ ِﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟ ِّﺪِﻩ ﻋَُﻤ ِْﲑ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣﺒِﻴ ِ‬
‫ّ‬
‫ﺼﺎﻧُﻪُ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إَِذا ذََﻛْﺮَ‪َ 5‬رﺑـﱠﻨَﺎ َوَﺧ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺸ ْﻴـﻨَﺎﻩُ‬ ‫ﺺ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘﻴَﻞ‪ :‬ﻓََﻤﺎ ِزَ‪َò‬دﺗُﻪُ؟ َوَﻣﺎ ﻧُـْﻘ َ‬ ‫ُﲬَﺎَﺷﺔَ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ َوﻳَـ ْﻨـُﻘ ُ‬
‫ﺼﺎﻧُﻪُ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻴﱠـْﻌﻨَﺎ ﻓََﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻧُـْﻘ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ِزَ‪َò‬دﺗُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وإَِذا ﻏََﻔْﻠﻨَﺎ َوﻧَِﺴﻴﻨَﺎ َو َ‬ ‫ﻓََﺬﻟِ َ‬
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 ‫‪7‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬ﻋْﻦ َ‪5‬ﻓٍِﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ‪ ،‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻛﺎَن ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬اﻟﻠﱠُﻬﱠﻢ َﻻ‬ ‫‪ - ١٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻋُﺒـﻴِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َْ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫ُْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ع ِﻣِّﲏ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن َﻛَﻤﺎ أَْﻋﻄَْﻴـﺘَﻨِﻴِﻪ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺗَـْﻨِﺰ ْ‬
‫‪َ - ١٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟَْﻌﱠﻮاِم‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋِﻠِّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ ُﻣْﺪِرٍك‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُزْرَﻋﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬
‫ﺴﻪُ َوَراَﺟَﻊ َراَﺟَﻌﻪُ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن«‪.‬‬ ‫»ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ﻧَِﺰﻩٌ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ َزَ‪ 5‬ﻓَﺎَرﻗَﻪُ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ َﻻَم ﻧَـْﻔ َ‬
‫ث‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل‬ ‫‪ - ١٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﺣْﻔﺺ ﺑْﻦ ِﻏﻴﺎ ٍ‬
‫َ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬أَْﻛَﻤﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨِ َ ِ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﲔ إﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬أَْﺣ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫‪ - ١٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺑِْﺸٍﺮ‪ُ 5 ،‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺳﻠَﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻫﺮﻳـﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ ََُْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ‬ ‫ُْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﷺ‪» :‬أَْﻛَﻤﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨِ َ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬‫ﲔ إﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬أَْﺣ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺺ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺧﺎﻟٍِﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ِﻗَﻼﺑَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎﺋِ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬أَْﻛَﻤُﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺣْﻔ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬‫إﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬أَْﺣ َ‬
‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺠَﻼَن‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟَْﻘْﻌَﻘﺎِع‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﻘِﺮ ُ‬
‫ئ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ أَﻳﱡﻮ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬أَْﻛَﻤﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨِ َ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﻟٍِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻫﺮﻳـﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﲔ إﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬أَْﺣ َ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ ََُْ‬ ‫َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪8‬‬

‫ﱪ ﻇَِّﲏ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳِﻌﻴِﺪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬

‫‪َ - ٢١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟِﺮﻳِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣﺎِزم‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَﻰ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣﻜﻴٍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَْﻛ َُ‬
‫ﲨﻴًﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈَذا ُرﻓَِﻊ أََﺣُﺪُﳘَﺎ ُرﻓَِﻊ اْﻵَﺧُﺮ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑِْﻦ ﺟﺒ ٍْﲑ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل اﺑْﻦ ﻋُﻤﺮ‪» :‬إِﱠن اْﳊﻴﺎء وا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن ﻗُِﺮَ‪َِ 5‬‬
‫ََ َ َ‬ ‫ُ ََ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫‪ :k‬إِِّﱐ‬‫‪ - ٢٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻏُْﻨَﺪر‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُﺷﻌﺒﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﻠَﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ إِﺑـﺮاِﻫﻴﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋْﻠَﻘﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺟﻞ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َُ ٌ‬ ‫ٌ ْ َْ ْ َ َ ْ ْ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻗُﻞ‪ :‬إِِﱐ ِﰲ اْﳉﻨﱠِﺔ وﻟَِﻜﻨﱠﺎ ﻧُـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ k‬وَﻣَﻼﺋَِﻜﺘِِﻪ َوُﻛﺘُﺒِِﻪ َوُرُﺳِﻠِﻪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ ّ‬ ‫ُ ٌ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إِِّﱐ ﻟَِﻘﻴ ُ‬‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ واﺋٍِﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺟﺎء رﺟﻞ إَِﱃ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ َرْﻛﺒًﺎ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ َُ ٌ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ أَﻧْـﺘُْﻢ؟ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪َْ " :‬ﳓُﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮَن! ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻻ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪َْ :‬ﳓُﻦ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﺖ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَْرُﺟﻮ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻠَﻘَﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ" :‬ﻗﻴَﻞ ﻟَﻪُ‪ :‬أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ أَﻧْ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺟِﺮﻳٌﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺼَﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬أَﱠن َﻋﺎﺋِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ﲑةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﲰَﺎك ﺑِْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ﺑِْﻦ ﻋ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺟِﺮﻳٌﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣﻐ َ‬
‫»أَﻧْـﺘُُﻢ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮَن إِْن َﺷﺎَء اﱠ‪.«ُk‬‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬إِذَا ُﺳﺌَِﻞ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺋِ ِ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻣْﺴَﻌٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎِء ﺑِْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺸﱠﻜﱠﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ؟ ﻓََﻼ ﻳَ ُ‬‫أََﺣُﺪُﻛْﻢ أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ أَﻧْ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ِزَ‪ٍò‬د‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬إِذَا ُﺳﺌَِﻞ أََﺣُﺪُﻛْﻢ‬ ‫‪ - ٢٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِﻣﺴﻌٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِز‪ِò‬د ﺑِﻦ ِﻋَﻼﻗَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻋُﺒـﻴِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َْ‬ ‫ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ ٌ ْ َْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ إِﳝَﺎﻧِِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﱡ‬ ‫ﺖ؟ ﻓََﻼ ﻳَ ُ‬ ‫أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ أَﻧْ َ‬
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 ‫‪9‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫ﺴِّﻤِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺖ اﺑَْﻦ‬ ‫‪َ - ٢٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻣْﺴَﻌٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣﻮَﺳﻰ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻛﺜٍﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َرُﺟٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﱂْ ﻳُ َ‬
‫َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد‪ ،‬ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬أََ‪ُ 5‬ﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬
‫س‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬وَﻋْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ‪،‬‬ ‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻌَﻤٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻃَﺎُو ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٢٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ َﻣْﻬﺪ ٍّ‬
‫‪َ k‬وَﻣَﻼﺋَِﻜﺘِِﻪ َوُﻛﺘُﺒِِﻪ َوُرُﺳِﻠِﻪ«‪.‬‬
‫أَﱠ‪ُƒ‬ﻤﺎ َﻛﺎَ‪ 5‬إَِذا ﺳﺌَِﻼ ﻗَﺎَﻻ‪» :‬آﻣﻨﱠﺎ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺖ إِﱠن أَُ‪ً5‬ﺳﺎ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ ُﻣﻐَﱠﻔٍﻞ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺸ ْﻴـﺒَﺎِِﱐّ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻟَﻘﻴ ُ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ت إِْن َﱂْ‬ ‫ﺖ َوَﺧِﺴْﺮ َ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ ُﻣﻐَﱠﻔٍﻞ‪» :‬ﻟََﻘْﺪ ِﺧْﺒ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼِح ﻳِﻌﻴﺒﻮَن َﻋﻠَﱠﻲ أَْن أَﻗُﻮَل‪ :‬أََ‪ 5‬ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ! ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ َ ُ‬
‫ﺗَُﻜْﻦ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﺟﺎَء َرُﺟٌﻞ إَِﱃ اﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إِﱠن‬ ‫‪َ - ٣١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوِﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ ﺑِْﻦ ُﻣﻨَـﺒٍِّﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﱠﻮاِر ﺑِْﻦ َﺷﺒِﻴ ٍ‬
‫َﻫﺎُﻫﻨَﺎ ﻗَـْﻮًﻣﺎ ﻳَْﺸَﻬُﺪوَن َﻋﻠَﱠﻲ ِ∞ﻟُْﻜْﻔِﺮ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻻ ﺗَـُﻘﻮُل َﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻓَـﺘَُﻜ ِّﺬَ‪ُْØ‬ﻢ"‪.‬‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺴﱠﻤْﻮا‬‫ي‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﺗَ َ‬ ‫ﺼﺎِر ِّ‬
‫ﺸ ْﻴـﺒَﺎِِﱐّ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻋَﻼﻗَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ﻳَِﺰﻳَﺪ اْﻷَﻧْ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ِ∞ ِْﲰُﻜُﻢ اﻟﱠِﺬي َﲰﱠﺎُﻛُﻢ اﱠ‪ْ∞ِ ُk‬ﳊَﻨِﻴِﻔﻴﱠِﺔ‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪10‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺷﻘﻴٍﻖ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ َﺳ ْ َ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﱪَة‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺧﻄَﺒَـﻨَﺎ ُﻣَﻌﺎذُ ﺑُْﻦ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋْﺒُﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ إْدرﻳ َ‬
‫َﺟﺒٍَﻞ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪» :‬أَﻧْـﺘُُﻢ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮَن َوأَﻧْـﺘُْﻢ أَْﻫُﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ إِﻟَْﻴـﻨَﺎ ﻋَُﻤُﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟَْﻌِﺰﻳِﺰ‪ :‬أَﱠﻣﺎ ﺑَـْﻌُﺪ ﻓَِﺈﱠن‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟْﻌَﻔِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ ﺑُـْﺮﻗَﺎَن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻛﺘَ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻋَُﻤُﺮ ﺑُْﻦ أَﻳﱡﻮ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةَ ﻟَِﻮﻗْﺘَِﻬﺎ"‪.‬‬‫ﺼﻠﱡﻮا اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪ ،k‬وإِﻗَﺎم اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼة‪َ ،‬وإِﻳﺘَﺎءُ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎة‪ ،‬ﻓَ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻋَُﺮى اﻟّﺪﻳِﻦ‪َ ،‬وﻗَـَﻮاﺋَﻢ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم‪ :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ِ∞ ﱠ َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ج ِﻣَﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر َﻣْﻦ‬ ‫ﱯ اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﳜُْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‪ ،‬أَﱠن ﻧَِ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ ﺑِْﺸٍﺮ‪َ 5 ،‬ﺳِﻌﻴٌﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻗَـﺘَﺎَدةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ٍ‬
‫ج ِﻣَﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر َﻣْﻦ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ‬ ‫ﲑةً" ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﳜُْﺮ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻻ إﻟَﻪَ إﱠﻻ اﱠ‪َ ،ُk‬وَﻛﺎَن ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒﻪ ﻣَﻦ اْﳋَِْﲑ َﻣﺎ ﻳَِﺰُن َﺷﻌ َ‬
‫ج ِﻣَﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر َﻣْﻦ ﻗَﺎَل َﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬وَﻛﺎَن َﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒِِﻪ ِﻣَﻦ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬
‫اﱠ‪َ ُk‬وَﻛﺎَن ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒﻪ ﻣَﻦ اْﳋَِْﲑ َﻣﺎ ﻳَِﺰُن ﺑُـﱠﺮةً ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﳜُْﺮ ُ‬
‫اْﳋَِْﲑ َﻣﺎ ﻳَِﺰُن َذﱠرةً"‪.‬‬
‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎِﻣِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪" :‬أَﱠن ﻧَـَﻔًﺮا أَﺗَـْﻮا‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺰْﻫِﺮ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ٣٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪ ،‬أ‪ 5‬اﺑُْﻦ أَِﰊ ِذﺋْ ٍ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓَُﻼً‪ 5‬وا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫‪ k‬أَْﻋﻄَْﻴـﺘَـُﻬْﻢ َوﺗَـَﺮْﻛ َ‬‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻓَﺴﺄَﻟُﻮﻩُ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَْﻋﻄَﺎﻫﻢ إِﱠﻻ رﺟًﻼ ِﻣ ْﻨـﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل ﺳﻌٌﺪ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َْ َ َُ‬ ‫ُ ْ َُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫‪ k‬إِِﱐ َﻷَراﻩُ ﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫إِِّﱐ َﻷََراﻩُ ُﻣْﺆﻣﻨًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬أَْو ُﻣْﺴﻠًﻤﺎ« ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﺳْﻌٌﺪ‪َ :‬وا ﱠ ّ َ ُ‬
‫ﻚ ﺛََﻼً√"‪.‬‬‫‪ k‬ﷺ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ﺛََﻼً√‪ ،‬وﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ َُ‬ ‫ﷺ‪» :‬أَْو ُﻣْﺴِﻠًﻤﺎ« ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َذﻟِ َ‬
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 ‫‪11‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﱯﷺ‬ ‫ﺻٍﻢ أَِﰊ ﻋُﺜَْﻤﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎَن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻳُـَﻘﺎُل ﻟَﻪُ‪َ :‬ﺳْﻞ ﺗُـْﻌﻄَﻪُ ﻳَـْﻌِﲏ اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ - ٣٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑﻮ ﻣﻌﺎِوﻳﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ‬
‫ُ َُ َ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﲔ أَْو ﺛََﻼً√ "ﻗَﺎَل َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎُن‪ :‬ﻓَـﻴَْﺸَﻔُﻊ‬ ‫ب أُﱠﻣِﱵ« َﻣﱠﺮﺗَ ْ ِ‬‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَ َْﲑﻓَُﻊ َرأَْﺳﻪُ ﻓَـﻴَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ» :‬ر ِّ‬ ‫ع ُﲡَ ْ‬‫ﺸﱠﻔْﻊ‪َ ،‬واْد ُ‬‫َواْﺷَﻔْﻊ ﺗُ َ‬
‫ﲑةٍ ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪ ،‬أَْو ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ :‬ﻣﺜْـَﻘﺎُل‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ٍِ ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬
‫ِﰲ ُﻛ ِﻞّ َﻣْﻦ َﻛﺎَن ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒﻪ ﻣﺜْـَﻘﺎُل َﺣﺒﱠﺔ ﺣْﻨﻄَﺔ ﻣْﻦ إﳝَﺎن‪ ،‬أَْو ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻣﺜْـَﻘﺎُل َﺷﻌ َ‬
‫َﺣﺒﱠِﺔ َﺧْﺮَدٍل ِﻣْﻦ إِﳝَﺎٍن‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎُن‪ :‬ﻓََﺬﻟُِﻜُﻢ اﻟَْﻤَﻘﺎُم اﻟَْﻤْﺤُﻤﻮُد"‪.‬‬
‫‪k‬‬‫‪ - ٣٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎروَن‪ ،‬أ‪ُ 5‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺳﻠَﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻫﺮﻳـﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َ َ ْ ََُْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ‬ ‫َ َ ُْ َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫س‬ ‫ب َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَـ ْﻨـﺘَِﻬ ُ‬
‫ﺐ ُ‪ْƒ‬ﺒَﺔً ﻳَـْﺮﻓَُﻊ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻳَْﺸَﺮ ُ‬‫ب اْﳋَْﻤَﺮ ﺣ َ‬ ‫ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ اﻟﱠﺰاِﱐ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺸَﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺼﺎَرُﻫْﻢ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ أَﺑْ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ اﻟﱡﺰﺑَ ِْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ - ٣٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎروَن‪ ،‬أ‪ُ 5‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ إِﺳﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﳛﲕ ﺑِﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎِد ﺑِﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ َْ ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُْ َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎﺋِ َ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﲔ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق ﺣ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ اﻟﱠﺰاِﱐ ﺣ َ‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬
‫ﲔ ﻳَْﺸَﺮُ‪َØ‬ﺎ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪ُò‬ﻛْﻢ إِﱠ‪ُò‬ﻛْﻢ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب ﻳَـْﻌِﲏ اْﳋَْﻤَﺮ ﺣ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺸَﺮ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪12‬‬

‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ‬ ‫ﺚ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣْﺪِرٍك‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِﻦ أَِﰊ أَوَﰱ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫‪ - ٤٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑْﻦ ﻋُﻠَﻴﱠﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻠﱠْﻴ ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﱠﺰاِﱐ ِﺣﲔ ﻳـﺰِﱐ وﻫﻮ ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ‪ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳﺴِﺮُق اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ب اْﳋَْﻤَﺮ ﺣ َ‬
‫ﲔ ﻳَْﺸَﺮُ‪َØ‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺸَﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﺴﺎِرُق ﺣ َ‬ ‫َ َْ َ َُ ُ ٌ َ َ ْ‬
‫ف ﻳَـْﺮﻓَُﻊ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠُﻤﻮَن إِﻟَْﻴـَﻬﺎ ُرؤَﺳُﻬْﻢ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ت َﺷﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﺐ ُ‪ْƒ‬ﺒَﺔً َذا َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَـ ْﻨـﺘَِﻬ ُ‬
‫ٍِ‬ ‫ﺴُﻦ ﺑُْﻦ ُﻣﻮَﺳﻰ‪ُ 5 ،‬ﺷْﻌﺒَﺔُ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻓَﺮا ٍ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ َْﳓَﻮﻩُ‪.‬‬ ‫س‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣْﺪرك‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ أَْوَﰱ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ٤١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اْﳊَ َ‬
‫‪ - ٤٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺑِْﺸٍﺮ‪ُ 5 ،‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺳﻠَﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻫﺮﻳـﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ ََُْ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ‬ ‫ُْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﷺ‪» :‬اْﳊَﻴَﺎءُ ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ِﰲ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ‪َ ،‬واﻟْﺒََﺬاءُ ِﻣَﻦ اْﳉََﻔﺎِء‪َ ،‬واْﳉََﻔﺎءُ ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر«‪.‬‬
‫‪ ،k‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ :‬ﻗﻴَﻞ‪:‬‬‫‪ - ٤٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﺣﺴْﲔ ﺑﻦ َﻋِﻠ ٍﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َزاﺋَِﺪةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِﻫَﺸﺎٍم‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊﺴِﻦ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑِِﺮ ﺑِﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َ ْ ْ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ َ ُ ُْ ّ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎَﺣﺔُ« ِﻗﻴَﻞ‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ ò‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﲔ أَْﻛَﻤُﻞ إِﳝَﺎً‪5‬؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ي اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬ ‫ﺼْﱪُ َواﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻀُﻞ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ي ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن أَﻓْ َ‬ ‫‪ k‬أَ ﱡ‬ ‫َ َُ‬
‫»أَْﺣ َ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪13‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﲔ اﻟَْﻌْﺒِﺪ َواﻟُْﻜْﻔِﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٤٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟﱡﺰﺑَ ِْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑٍِﺮ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﺑَ ْ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةِ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗَـْﺮُك اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ﺑِﻨَْﺤِﻮﻩِ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ٤٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﺒِﻴَﺪةُ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺖ أَِﰊ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺖ اﺑَْﻦ ﺑُـَﺮﻳَْﺪةَ‪ ،‬ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ ﺑِْﻦ َواﻗٍِﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﺴِْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٤٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑُْﻦ َواﺿٍﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺣ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةِ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ ﺗَـَﺮَﻛَﻬﺎ ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﻛَﻔَﺮ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬اﻟَْﻌْﻬُﺪ اﻟﱠِﺬي ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـﻨَﺎ َوﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬْﻢ ﺗَـْﺮُك اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﲰْﻌ ُ َ ُ‬
‫ﺼِّﻞ ﻓََﻼ ِدﻳَﻦ ﻟَﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎﺻٍﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِزٍّر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ ،k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ َﱂْ ﻳُ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٤٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺷِﺮﻳ ٌ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪14‬‬

‫‪َ - ٤٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻫَﺸﺎٍم اﻟﱠﺪْﺳﺘُـَﻮاﺋِِّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ِﻗَﻼﺑَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟَْﻤِﻠﻴِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ‬
‫ﻂ َﻋَﻤﻠُﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼَﺮ ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﺣﺒِ َ‬ ‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ ﺗَـَﺮَك اﻟَْﻌ ْ‬ ‫ﺑُـَﺮﻳَْﺪةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬
‫ﺴﻰ‪َ ،‬وَوِﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْوَزاِﻋِّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻛﺜٍِﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ِﻗَﻼﺑَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟُْﻤَﻬﺎِﺟِﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٤٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻋﻴ َ‬
‫ﺚ ﻳَِﺰﻳَﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ِﻫَﺸﺎٍم اﻟﱠﺪْﺳﺘُـَﻮاﺋِِّﻲ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺑـﺮﻳَْﺪةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِﱯ ﷺ ِﻣﺜْﻞ ﺣِﺪﻳ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ﺴِْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﻫَﺸْﻴٌﻢ‪ ،‬أ‪َ 5‬ﻋﺒﱠﺎُد ﺑُْﻦ َﻣْﻴَﺴَﺮةَ اﻟِْﻤ ْﻨـَﻘِﺮ ﱡ‬
‫ﲔ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‬ ‫ﺴُﻦ‪ ،‬أَ‪َُƒ‬ﻤﺎ َﻛﺎَ‪َ 5‬ﺟﺎﻟ َ‬ ‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻗَﻼﺑَﺔَ‪َ ،‬واْﳊَ َ‬
‫ﺼَﺮ َﺣﱠﱴ ﺗَـُﻔﻮﺗَﻪُ ِﻣْﻦ ﻏَ ِْﲑ ﻋُْﺬٍر ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﺣﺒِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻂ َﻋَﻤﻠُﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫أَﺑُﻮ ﻗَﻼﺑَﺔَ‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل أَﺑُﻮ اﻟﱠﺪْرَداء‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ ﺗَـَﺮَك اﻟَْﻌ ْ‬
‫ﻂ‬‫ﺻَﻼةً َﻣْﻜﺘُﻮﺑَﺔً َﺣﱠﱴ ﺗَـُﻔﻮﺗَﻪُ ِﻣْﻦ ﻏَ ِْﲑ ﻋُْﺬٍر ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﺣﺒِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺴُﻦ‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ ﺗَـَﺮَك َ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وﻗَﺎَل اْﳊَ َ‬
‫َﻋَﻤﻠُﻪُ«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪15‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺴﺎَﻣﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ ُزَﻫ ٍْﲑ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻻ إِﳝَﺎَن ﻟَِﻤْﻦ َﻻ أََﻣﺎﻧَﺔَ ﻟَﻪُ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ِدﻳَﻦ‬ ‫ف‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻗَ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻫْﻮَذةُ ﺑُْﻦ َﺧِﻠﻴَﻔﺔَ‪َ 5 ،‬ﻋْﻮ ٌ‬
‫ﻟَِﻤْﻦ َﻻ َﻋْﻬَﺪ ﻟَﻪُ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُﳎَﺎِﻫٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬إِﱠن أَﻓْ َ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴُﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ي اْﳊَ َ‬ ‫ﻀَﻞ اﻟْﻌﺒَﺎَدة اﻟﱠﺮأْ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ‬
‫ﺖ ﻟَِﻌﻄَﺎٍء‪ :‬إِﱠن ﻗَـ ْﺒـﻠَﻨَﺎ ﻗَـْﻮًﻣﺎ ﻧَـُﻌﱡﺪُﻫْﻢ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ‬ ‫ﻒ ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﻴُﻤﻮٍن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻳُﻮُﺳ َ‬
‫ﻚ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋﻄَﺎءٌ‪َْ » :‬ﳓُﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠُﻤﻮَن اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮِن‪َ ،‬وَﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼِح إِْن ﻗُـْﻠﻨَﺎ‪َْ :‬ﳓُﻦ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﺎﺑُﻮا َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن«‪.‬‬ ‫أَْدرْﻛﻨَﺎ أَﺻﺤﺎب رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ ْ َ َ َُ‬
‫ب‬‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺣَﺬﻳْـَﻔﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ُ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ ُﻣﱠﺮةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟْﺒَْﺨ َِﱰ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ج‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ أَْﺟَﺮُد َﻛﺄَﱠن ﻓﻴﻪ ﺳَﺮا ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟَْﻜﺎﻓِﺮ‪َ ،‬وﻗَـْﻠ ٌ‬ ‫ﺐ أَْﻏﻠَُﻖ ﻓََﺬاَك ﻗَـْﻠ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻤﻨَﺎﻓِﻖ‪َ ،‬وﻗَـْﻠ ٌ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻗَـْﻠ ُ‬‫ﺼَﻔٌﺢ ﻓََﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﺐ ُﻣ ْ‬ ‫أَْرﺑَـَﻌﺔٌ‪ :‬ﻗَـْﻠ ٌ‬
‫ﻚ ﻗَـْﻠﺐ اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣِﻦ‪ ،‬وﻗَـْﻠﺐ ِﻓﻴِﻪ ﻧَِﻔﺎٌق وإِﳝَﺎٌن‪ ،‬ﻓَِﻤﺜْـﻠُﻪ ِﻣﺜْﻞ ﻗَـﺮﺣٍﺔ َﳝُﱡﺪﻫﺎ ﻗَـﻴﺢ وَدم‪ ،‬وِﻣﺜْـﻠُﻪ ِﻣﺜْﻞ َﺷﺠﺮةٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُ ُ ْ َ َ ْ ٌ َ ٌ َ ُ ُ ََ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ٌ‬ ‫ﻳَـْﺰَﻫُﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓََﺬﻟ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﺐ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ َﻋﻠَْﻴـَﻬﺎ ﻏَﻠَ َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَﱡﳝَﺎ ﻏَﻠَ َ‬ ‫ﻳَْﺴِﻘﻴَﻬﺎ َﻣﺎءٌ َﺧﺒِﻴ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ َوﻃَﻴِّ ٌ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪16‬‬

‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻳُْﻜﺜُِﺮ أَْن ﻳَـُﻘﻮَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ٍ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ف‬‫ﺖ ﺑِِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻬْﻞ َﲣَﺎ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ َوِﲟَﺎ ِﺟْﺌ َ‬ ‫‪ ،k‬آَﻣﻨﱠﺎ ﺑِ َ‬ ‫ﻚ« ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﻠِﱯ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِدﻳﻨِ َ‬ ‫ب ﺛَـﺒِّ ْ‬‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َُ‬ ‫»َ‪ُ ò‬ﻣَﻘﻠّ َ‬
‫ﲔ ِﻣﻦ أَﺻﺎﺑِِﻊ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻳُـَﻘﻠِّﺒُـَﻬﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒَـَﻌ ْ ِ ْ َ‬ ‫ﲔ إِ ْ‬‫ب ﺑَْ َ‬‫َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ‪ ،‬إِﱠن اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ َ‬
‫ﺖ ِﻷُِّم َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ اْﳊَِﺮﻳِﺮ‪َ 5 ،‬ﺷْﻬُﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﺣْﻮَﺷ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ِ ،‬‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺣ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﻣَﻌﺎذُ ﺑُْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎذ‪ 5 ،‬أَﺑُﻮ َﻛْﻌ ٍ َ‬
‫ب‬‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن أَْﻛﺜَـُﺮ ُدَﻋﺎﺋﻪ‪ُ òَ» :‬ﻣَﻘﻠّ َ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ إَِذا َﻛﺎَن ِﻋْﻨَﺪِك؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫‪ ò‬أُﱠم اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨِﲔ ﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن ُدَﻋﺎء رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ُ َُ‬ ‫ُ ََ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﻠِﱯ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِدﻳﻨِ َ‬ ‫ب ﺛَـﺒِّ ْ‬‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﻠِﱯ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِدﻳﻨِ َ‬‫ﺛَـﺒِّ ْ‬
‫ﻚ؟‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ òَ :‬رُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪َ ،k‬ﻣﺎ أَْﻛﺜَـَﺮ ُدَﻋﺎَءَك َ‪ُ ò‬ﻣَﻘﻠّ َ‬ ‫ﻚ«‪ .‬ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﲔ ِﻣﻦ أَﺻﺎﺑِِﻊ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪ ò» :‬أُﱠم ﺳﻠَﻤﺔَ ﻟَﻴ ِ ِ‬
‫غ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪َ ،k‬ﻣﺎ َﺷﺎَء أَﻗَﺎَم‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ َﺷﺎَء أََزا َ‬ ‫ﺻﺒَـَﻌ ْ ِ ْ َ‬ ‫ﲔ إِ ْ‬ ‫ﺲ ﻣْﻦ آَدﻣٍّﻲ إِﱠﻻ َوﻗَـْﻠﺒُﻪُ ﺑَْ َ‬ ‫َ َ َ ْ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪ ،‬أ‪َ 5‬ﳘﱠﺎُم ﺑُْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋِﻠِّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ َزﻳٍْﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أُِّم ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎﺋِ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻟَﺘَْﺪﻋُﻮ ِ‪ََØ‬ﺬا‬ ‫‪ ،k‬إِﻧﱠ َ‬‫ﺖ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﻠِﱯ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِدﻳﻨِ َ‬ ‫ب ﺛَـﺒِّ ْ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ« ﻗُـْﻠ ُ َ َ ُ‬ ‫َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪ُ òَ» :‬ﻣَﻘﻠّ َ‬
‫‪ k‬إَِذا َﺷﺎَء أَْن ﻳَـْﻘﻠِﺒَﻪُ إَِﱃ ُﻫًﺪى‬ ‫ﺖ أَﱠن ﻗَـْﻠﺐ اﺑِﻦ آَدم ﺑْﲔ إِﺻﺒـﻌِﻲ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺸﺔُ‪ ،‬أَوﻣﺎ َﻋِﻠﻤ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ ْ َ َ َ َْ َ‬ ‫اﻟﱡﺪَﻋﺎء؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ òَ» :‬ﻋﺎﺋ َ َ َ ْ‬
‫ﺿَﻼﻟٍَﺔ ﻗَـﻠَﺒَﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗَـﻠَﺒَﻪُ‪َ ،‬وإِْن َﺷﺎَء أَْن ﻳَـْﻘﻠِﺒَﻪُ إَِﱃ َ‬
‫ﱯﷺ‬ ‫ث‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﺖ اﺑَْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻟَْﻴـﻠَﻰ‪ُ ،‬ﳛَ ِّﺪ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻏُْﻨَﺪٌر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺷْﻌﺒَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊََﻜِﻢ ﺑِْﻦ ﻋُﺘَـ ْﻴـﺒَﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﻠِﱯ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِدﻳﻨِ َ‬ ‫ب ﺛَـﺒِّ ْ‬‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫"أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻛﺎَن ﻳُْﺪﻋُﻮ ‪ََØ‬ﺬا اﻟﱡﺪَﻋﺎء‪ُ òَ :‬ﻣَﻘﻠّ َ‬
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 ‫‪17‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺖ ِﻣَﻦ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َذ ٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ واﺋِِﻞ ﺑِﻦ ﻣﻬﺎﻧَﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ" :k‬ﻣﺎ َرأَﻳْ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٥٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ ّ ْ َ ْ َ َ‬
‫ﺴﺎِء‪ .‬ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪ òَ :‬أََ∞ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ َوَﻣﺎ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺺ اﻟ ِّﺪﻳِﻦ واﻟﱠﺮأِْي أَْﻏﻠَ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻟﻠ ِّﺮَﺟﺎل َذِوي اْﻷَْﻣِﺮ َﻋﻠَﻰ أَْﻣِﺮﻫْﻢ ﻣَﻦ اﻟﻨّ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‪5‬ﻗِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺼﺎُن َﻋْﻘﻠَِﻬﺎ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻻ َﲡُﻮُز َﺷَﻬﺎَدةُ اْﻣَﺮأَﺗَ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةَ أَﱠ‪َò‬م َﺣْﻴﻀَﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪ :‬ﻓََﻤﺎ ﻧُـْﻘ َ‬ ‫ﺼﺎُن ِدﻳﻨَِﻬﺎ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺗَـْﺮُﻛَﻬﺎ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻧُـْﻘ َ‬
‫ﺸَﻬﺎَدةِ َرُﺟٍﻞ َواِﺣٍﺪ"‪.‬‬ ‫إِﱠﻻ ﺑِ َ‬
‫ﲑةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ" :‬ﺳﺌَِﻞ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴُﻢ َﻋِﻦ اﻟﱠﺮُﺟِﻞ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل ﻟِﻠﱠﺮُﺟِﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ش‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣﻐ َ‬ ‫ﺴِﻦ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻴﱠﺎ ٍ‬‫‪َ - ٦٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊَ َ‬
‫ﺖ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﱡﺮِﱐ أَِّﱐ َﺷَﻜْﻜ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬اْﳉَﱠﻮا ُ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ب ﻓﻴﻪ ﺑْﺪَﻋﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ ﻳَ ُ‬ ‫أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ أَﻧْ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺸِﻬﻴﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎء‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ اﻟﱠﺰاِﱐ ﺣ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٦١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺣﺒِﻴ ِ ْ‬
‫ب اْﳋَْﻤَﺮ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺸَﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻋَُﻤﺎَرةَ ﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤ ٍْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺣَﺬﻳْـَﻔﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ - ٦٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ َﺧﺎﻟٍِﺪ اْﻷَْﲪَُﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺼًﲑا‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ُﳝِْﺴﻲ َﻣﺎ ﻳَـْﻨﻈُُﺮ ﺑِ ُ‬‫ﺼﺒِﺢ ﺑ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺸْﻔٍﺮ"‪.‬‬ ‫"َواﱠ‪ k‬إِﱠن اﻟﱠﺮُﺟَﻞ ﻟَﻴُ ْ ُ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪18‬‬

‫ﺸﺎِم‬ ‫ﺴﺎٍر‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺑَـﻠََﻎ ﻋَُﻤُﺮ أَﱠن َرُﺟًﻼ ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬

‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ ﺑِْﻦ إْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻳَ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٦٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ إْدرﻳ َ‬
‫ﻚ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ؟‬ ‫ﺖ اﻟﱠِﺬي ﺗَـْﺰﻋُُﻢ أَﻧﱠ َ‬‫ﺐ ﻋَُﻤُﺮ أَِن اْﺟِﻠﺒُﻮﻩُ َﻋﻠَﱠﻲ ﻓَـَﻘِﺪَم َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أَﻧْ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳَـْﺰﻋُُﻢ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻜﺘَ َ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ إِﱠﻻ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺛََﻼﺛَِﺔ َﻣﻨَﺎِزٍل‪ُ :‬ﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻛﺎِﻓٌﺮ‪َ ،‬وُﻣﻨَﺎﻓٌِﻖ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ أََ‪ 5‬ﺑَِﻜﺎﻓٍِﺮ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫س َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻋْﻬﺪ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻫْﻞ َﻛﺎَن اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ ِﲟَﺎ ﻗَﺎَل"‪.‬‬ ‫وَﻻ ﻣﻨَﺎﻓٍِﻖ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل ﻋُﻤﺮ‪ :‬اﺑْﺴْﻂ ﻳَﺪَك "ﻗَﺎَل اﺑْﻦ إِْدِرﻳﺲ‪ :‬ر ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َُ ُ َ‬ ‫َ ُ‬
‫ﱯﷺ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﺚ ﺑُْﻦ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻳَِﺰﻳَﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳْﻌِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ِﺳﻨَﺎٍن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ٍ‬ ‫‪َ - ٦٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺷﺒَﺎﺑَﺔُ ﺑُْﻦ َﺳﱠﻮاٍر‪ 5 ،‬ﻟَْﻴ ُ‬
‫ﺼﺒِﺢ اﻟﱠﺮُﺟﻞ ِﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ‪ ،‬وُﳝِْﺴﻲ َﻛﺎِﻓﺮا‪ ،‬وﻳُ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴﺎَﻋِﺔ ِﻓ ٌَ ِ‬
‫ﺢ‬‫ﺼﺒ ُ‬ ‫ً َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﱳ َﻛﻘﻄَِﻊ اﻟﻠﱠْﻴِﻞ اﻟُْﻤﻈْﻠِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳُ ْ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻳََﺪِي اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﺗَُﻜﻮُن ﺑَْ َ‬
‫َﻛﺎِﻓًﺮا‪َ ،‬وُﳝِْﺴﻲ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺴ ْﻴـﺒَﺎِِﱐّ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل ُﺣَﺬﻳْـَﻔﺔُ‪" :‬إِِّﱐ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْوَزاِﻋِّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴﻰ ﺑُْﻦ ﻳُﻮﻧُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٦٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻋﻴ َ‬
‫ﲔ ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر‪ :‬أَْﻫُﻞ ِدﻳٍﻦ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن ا ِْﻹِﳝَﺎُن َﻛَﻼٌم َوَﻻ َﻋَﻤَﻞ َوإِْن ﻗَـﺘََﻞ َوإِْن‬ ‫ﻚ اﻟ ِّﺪﻳﻨَ ْ ِ‬‫ﲔ‪ ،‬أَْﻫُﻞ َذﻳْﻨِ َ‬ ‫َﻷَْﻋﻠَُﻢ أَْﻫﻞ ِدﻳﻨَ ْ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ت ُﻛﻞﱠ ﻳَـْﻮم‪َ ،‬وإِﱠﳕَﺎ‬ ‫ﺲ ﺻﻠَﻮا ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋِّﲏ‪ -‬ﻟَﺘَﺄُْﻣُﺮَ‪ 5‬ﲞَْﻤ ِ َ َ‬ ‫َزَ‪َ ،5‬وأَْﻫُﻞ ِدﻳٍﻦ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن أَﱠوﻟُﻮَ‪- 5‬أََراﻩُ ذََﻛَﺮ َﻛﻠَِﻤﺔً َﺳَﻘﻄَ ْ‬
‫ﺻَﻼةُ اﻟَْﻔْﺠِﺮ"‪.‬‬ ‫ُﳘﺎ ﺻَﻼ‪ِÍ‬ن ﺻَﻼةُ اﻟِْﻌ َ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺎء‪َ ،‬و َ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ‬
‫ﺻﺎﻟٍِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍِ‬
‫‪َ - ٦٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ َﺧﺎﻟﺪ اْﻷَْﲪَُﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺠَﻼَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ دﻳﻨَﺎٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ِﺳﺘﱡﻮَن أَْو َﺳ ْﺒـُﻌﻮَن أَْو أََﺣُﺪ اﻟَْﻌَﺪَدﻳِْﻦ‪ ،‬أَْﻋَﻼَﻫﺎ َﺷَﻬﺎَدةُ أَْن َﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪،ُk‬‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫َوأَْدَ‪َ5‬ﻫﺎ إَِﻣﺎﻃَﺔُ اْﻷََذى َﻋِﻦ اﻟﻄﱠِﺮﻳِﻖ‪َ ،‬واْﳊَﻴَﺎءُ ُﺷْﻌﺒَﺔٌ ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬اْﳊَﻴَﺎءُ ِﻣَﻦ‬ ‫‪ - ٦٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑﻦ ﻋُﻴـﻴـﻨَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺰْﻫِﺮ ِي‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﺎٍِﱂ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ّ ْ َ‬ ‫ْ ُ َْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪19‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ ُﻛَﻬْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺣﺒﱠﺔَ اﻟُْﻌَﺮِِﱐّ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻛﻨﱠﺎ َﻣَﻊ َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎَن َوﻗَْﺪ َ‬
‫ﺻﺎﻓَـْﻔﻨَﺎ‬ ‫‪َ - ٦٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ُ‬
‫اﻟْﻌُﺪﱠو ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪" :‬ﻫُﺆَﻻِء اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨُﻮَن‪ ،‬وﻫُﺆَﻻِء اﻟْﻤﻨَﺎِﻓُﻘﻮَن‪ ،‬وﻫُﺆَﻻِء اﻟْﻤْﺸِﺮُﻛﻮَن‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻴـْﻨﺼﺮ اﱠ‪ k‬اﻟْﻤﻨَﺎِﻓِﻘﲔ ﺑَِﺪْﻋﻮةِ‬
‫َ ُُ َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ "‪.‬‬ ‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬وﻳُـَﺆﻳُِّﺪ اﱠ‪ ُk‬اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ﲔ ﺑُِﻘﱠﻮة اﻟُْﻤﻨَﺎﻓﻘ َ‬ ‫اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻗُـﱠﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎُن ﻟَِﺮُﺟٍﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ - ٦٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋْﺒَﺪةُ ﺑُْﻦ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن« أَْو َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ أَْﻋ َ‬
‫ﻀﺎًء َﻣﺎ ﺑَـﻠَْﻐ َ‬ ‫»ﻟَْﻮ ﻗُ ِﻄّْﻌ َ‬
‫ﻀَﻞ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟَْﻤْﺴِﺠِﺪ ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟُﻮا‪:‬‬‫ﺖ َﻋْﻦ أَﻓْ َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﺑَْﻜٍﺮ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻟَْﻮ ُﺳﺌِْﻠ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﲪﱠﺎُد ﺑُْﻦ َﻣْﻌِﻘٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻏَﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫ت أَﻧﱠﻪُ ِﰲ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ‪َ ،‬وﻟَْﻮ‬
‫ﺸِﻬْﺪ ُ‬‫ت ﻟَ َ‬ ‫ﺗَْﺸَﻬُﺪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ ُﻣْﺴﺘَْﻜِﻤُﻞ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن ﺑَِﺮيءٌ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟﻨَِّﻔﺎِق؟ َﱂْ أَْﺷَﻬْﺪ‪َ ،‬وﻟَْﻮ َﺷِﻬْﺪ ُ‬
‫ﻚ ِﻣْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟَْﻌَﻼِء‪َ -‬رُﺟٍﻞ ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟُﻮا‪" :‬ﺗَْﺸَﻬُﺪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﻨَﺎﻓٌِﻖ ُﻣْﺴﺘَْﻜِﻤُﻞ اﻟﻨَِّﻔﺎِق‬ ‫ﺸﱡ‬ ‫ﺚ‪ ،‬اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﻦ َﺷ ِﺮ ‪-‬أَو أَْﺧﺒ ِ‬
‫ُﺳﺌْﻠ ُ ْ ّ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺸِﻬْﺪ ُ‬
‫ت أَﻧﱠﻪُ ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر"‪.‬‬ ‫ت ﻟَ َ‬‫ﺑَِﺮيءٌ ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن؟ َﱂْ أَْﺷَﻬْﺪ‪َ ،‬وﻟَْﻮ َﺷِﻬْﺪ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪20‬‬

‫ﺼﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ﻀﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ ﻏَْﺰواَن‪ 5 ،‬ﻋُﺜْﻤﺎُن ﺑﻦ أَِﰊ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ي‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﻋْﺒُﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻔﻴﱠﺔَ اْﻷَﻧْ َ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َ ُْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋْﺒُﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪ 5 ،‬ﻓُ َ ْ ُ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ع اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻣْﻨﻪُ ﻧُﻮَر‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ؟ َﻣﺎ ﻣْﻦ َﻋْﺒٍﺪ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ إِﱠﻻ ﻧَـَﺰ َ‬ ‫س ﻟِِﻐْﻠَﻤﺎﻧِِﻪ ﻳَْﺪﻋُﻮ ﻏَُﻼًﻣﺎ ﻏَُﻼًﻣﺎ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬أََﻻ أَُزِّوُﺟ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬
‫ﱯﷺ‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﲪﱠﺎِد ﺑِْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻫَﺸﺎٍم‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﺎﺋِ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎُن ﺑُْﻦ َﺣْﺮ ٍ‬
‫ﲔ ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ اﻟﱠﺰاِﱐ َوُﻫَﻮ ُﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَْﺴِﺮُق ﺣ َ‬
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 ‫‪21‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺸﻴـﺒﺎِِﱐ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺛَـﻌﻠَﺒﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ِﻗَﻼﺑﺔَ‪ ،‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَِﲏ اﻟﱠﺮﺳﻮُل اﻟﱠِﺬي ﺳﺄََل َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ْ َ ّ ْ ْ َ ْ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺛََﻼﺛَِﺔ أَﺻﻨَﺎ ٍ‬ ‫‪ k‬أَﺗَـﻌﻠَﻢ أَﱠن اﻟﻨﱠﺎس َﻛﺎﻧُﻮا َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻋْﻬِﺪ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ف‪:‬‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺑَْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮد ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪" :‬أُﻧْﺸُﺪَك ∞ ﱠ ْ ُ‬
‫ﺴِﺮﻳَﺮةِ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋْﺒُﺪ‬ ‫ﺴِﺮﻳَﺮةِ َﻛﺎِﻓُﺮ اﻟَْﻌَﻼﻧِﻴَِﺔ‪ُ ،‬ﻣْﺆِﻣُﻦ اﻟَْﻌَﻼﻧِﻴَِﺔ َﻛﺎِﻓُﺮ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴِﺮﻳَﺮةِ ُﻣْﺆِﻣُﻦ اﻟَْﻌَﻼﻧِﻴَِﺔ‪ ،‬وَﻛﺎِﻓُﺮ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ُﻣْﺆِﻣُﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺴِﺮﻳَﺮةِ‪ُ ،‬ﻣْﺆِﻣُﻦ‬ ‫ﺖ ُﻣْﺆِﻣُﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪» :‬اﻟﻠﱠُﻬﱠﻢ ُﻛْﻨ ُ‬ ‫‪ِ k‬ﻣْﻦ أَﻳِِّﻬْﻢ ُﻛْﻨ َ‬‫‪ :k‬اﻟﻠﱠﻬﱠﻢ ﻧَـﻌﻢ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄُﻧِْﺸُﺪَك ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫اﱠ ُ َْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼِح‬ ‫ﺖ‪ :‬إِﱠن أَُ‪ً5‬ﺳﺎ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ ُﻣﻐَﱠﻔٍﻞ ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟَْﻌَﻼﻧِﻴَﺔ‪ ،‬أََ‪ُ 5‬ﻣْﺆﻣٌﻦ« ﻗَﺎَل أَﺑُﻮ إِْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪ :‬ﻓَـﻠَﻘﻴ ُ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ت إِْن َﱂْ ﺗَُﻜْﻦ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ َوَﺧِﺴْﺮ َ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ ُﻣﻐَﱠﻔٍﻞ‪ :‬ﻟََﻘْﺪ ِﺧْﺒ َ‬ ‫ﻳِﻌﻴﺒﻮَن َﻋﻠَﱠﻲ أَْن أَﻗُﻮَل أََ‪ 5‬ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُ ٌ‬ ‫َ ُ‬
‫ﺸ ْﻴـﺒَﺎِِﱐّ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻴِﻤِّﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬وَﻣﺎ َﻋﻠَﻰ أََﺣِﺪِﻫْﻢ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣﻮَﺳﻰ ﺑِْﻦ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٍﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻْﺪﻗِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻟَﺌِْﻦ َﻛﺎَن َﻛﺎِذً∞ ﻟََﻤﺎ َدَﺧَﻞ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ ِﻣَﻦ‬ ‫‪ k‬إِْن َﻛﺎَن ﺻﺎِدﻗًﺎ َﻻ ﻳـﻌ ِّﺬﺑْﻪُ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋﻠَﻰ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫أَْن ﻳـُﻘﻮَل أََ‪ 5‬ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ؟ ﻓَـﻮا ﱠِ‬
‫ُ ٌ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ب"‪.‬‬‫اﻟُْﻜْﻔِﺮ أََﺷﱡﺪ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟَْﻜِﺬ ِ‬
‫ﺖ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻠَﻘَﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ :‬ﻗﻴَﻞ ﻟَﻪُ‪ :‬أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ أَﻧْ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫أَْرُﺟﻮ"‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪22‬‬

‫ي‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊَﺎِرث ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻤ َ‬
‫ﲑَة اﻟﱡﺰﺑَ ِْﲑ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َداُوَد ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ِﻫْﻨٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺷْﻬِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣْﻮَﺷ ٍ‬
‫ﺺ ﻓََﺨﻄَﺒَـُﻬْﻢ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إِﱠن َﻫَﺬا اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻋُﻮَن َرْﲪَﺔُ َرﺑُِّﻜْﻢ‪َ ،‬وَدْﻋَﻮةُ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬وﻗََﻊ اﻟﻄﱠﺎﻋُﻮُن ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺸﺎِم‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَم ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ ﲝْﻤ َ‬
‫ﺼﻴﺒَـُﻬُﻢ اْﻷَْوَﰱ ِﻣْﻨﻪُ‪ .‬ﻓَـﻠَﱠﻤﺎ ﻧَـَﺰَل َﻋِﻦ اﻟِْﻤْﻨ َِﱪ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻗَـ ْﺒـﻠَُﻜﻢ‪ ،‬اﻟﻠﱠُﻬﱠﻢ اﻗِْﺴﻢ ِﻵِل ﻣﻌﺎٍذ ﻧَ ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ت اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺎﳊِ َ‬ ‫ﻧَﺒِﻴُِّﻜْﻢ ﷺ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻮ ُ‬
‫‪َ k‬وإِﱠ‪ 5‬إِﻟَْﻴِﻪ َراِﺟُﻌﻮَن‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ اﻧْﻄَﻠََﻖ َْﳓَﻮﻩُ ﻓَـﻠَﱠﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺻﻴﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إِﱠ‪ِ 5‬ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫أََ‪Í‬ﻩُ آت ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إﱠن َﻋْﺒَﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ﺑَْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎذ ﻗَْﺪ أُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َرآﻩُ َﻋْﺒُﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ُﻣْﻘﺒًِﻼ ﻗَﺎَل‪ òَ :‬أَﺑَِﺔ }اْﳊَﱡﻖ ِﻣْﻦ َرﺑِّ َ‬
‫ﲏ‬‫ﻚ ﻓََﻼ ﺗَُﻜﻮﻧَﱠﻦ ﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﻤ َِﱰﻳَﻦ{]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ ،[١٤٧ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ òَ :‬ﺑُ َﱠ‬
‫ﺴﺎٌن‪َ ،‬ﺣﱠﱴ َﻛﺎَن‬ ‫ت آُل ُﻣَﻌﺎٍذ إِﻧْ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎٌن إﻧْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺑِِﺮﻳَﻦ{]اﻟﺼﺎﻓﺎت‪ ،[١٠٢ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻤﺎ َ‬ ‫}َﺳﺘَِﺠُﺪِﱐ إِْن َﺷﺎَء اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻣَﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ي ﻳَـُﻌﻮُدﻩُ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وﻏُِﺸَﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ ﻏَْﺸﻴَﺔً‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَﻓَﺎَق‬ ‫ﲑَة اﻟﱡﺰﺑَـْﻴِﺪ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄََ‪Í‬ﻩُ اْﳊَﺎِر ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ث ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻤ َ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ آﺧَﺮُﻫْﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄُﺻﻴ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إِْن‬ ‫ﻚ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أَﺑِْﻜﻲ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ اﻟﱠِﺬي ﻳُْﺪﻓَُﻦ َﻣَﻌ َ‬ ‫ث ﻳَـْﺒِﻜﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻳُـْﺒِﻜﻴ َ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ َواْﳊَﺎِر ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد‪َ ،‬وِﻣْﻦ ﻋَُﻮْﳝٍِﺮ أَِﰊ اﻟﱠﺪْرَداِء‪َ ،‬وِﻣْﻦ َﺳْﻠَﻤﺎَن اﻟَْﻔﺎِرِﺳِّﻲ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻃَﺎﻟِﺐ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ َﻻ َﳏَﺎﻟَﺔَ ﻓَﺎﻃْﻠُﺒﻪ ِﻣﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ُْ ْ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُﻛْﻨ َ‬
‫ت‬‫ف ﺑِِﻪ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓََﻤﺎ َ‬ ‫ﻚ اﱠ‪ ُk‬أَْن أَْﻋِﺮﻓَـَﻬﺎ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻟِْﻠَﺤِّﻖ ﻧُﻮٌر ﻳُـْﻌَﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﺻﻠََﺤ َ‬ ‫ﻒ ِﱄ أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ‪َ :‬وَﻛْﻴ َ‬ ‫َوإِﱠ‪َò‬ك َوَزﻟﱠﺔُ اﻟَْﻌﺎِﱂ‪ ،‬ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد ِ∞ﻟُْﻜﻮﻓَِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺎﻧْـﺘَـَﻬﻰ إَِﱃ َ∞ﺑِِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈَذا َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟْﺒَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ث ﻳِﺮﻳُﺪ َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ب‬ ‫ج اْﳊَﺎِر ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ َرْﲪَﺔُ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ‪َ ،‬وَﺧَﺮ َ‬
‫ﺚ َﺣﱠﱴ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪َ òَ :‬ﺷﺎِﻣﱡﻲ‪ ،‬أَُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد ﻳَـﺘََﺤﱠﺪﺛُﻮَن‪ ،‬ﻓََﺠَﺮى ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬُﻢ اْﳊَِﺪﻳ ُ‬ ‫ب َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺻَﺤﺎ ِ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻧَـَﻔٌﺮ ﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬
‫ﺼﻨَُﻊ اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬وﻟَْﻮ أَْﻋﻠَُﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟُﻮا‪ :‬ﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إِﱠن ِﱄ َذﻧُﻮً∞ َوَﻣﺎ أَْدِري َﻣﺎ ﻳَ ْ‬ ‫أَﻧْ َ‬
‫‪ ،k‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟُﻮا‪ :‬أََﻻ‬ ‫ﻚ إِْذ َﺧﺮج َﻋﻠَﻴِﻬﻢ َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ََ ْ ْ ْ‬ ‫ت ِﱄ َﻷَﻧْـﺒَﺄْﺗُُﻜْﻢ أَِّﱐ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـﺒَـ ْﻴـﻨََﻤﺎ ُﻫْﻢ َﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫أَﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ﻏُِﻔَﺮ ْ‬
‫ﺸﺎِﻣ ِﻲ؟ ﻳـﺰﻋُﻢ أَﻧﱠﻪ ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ‪ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳـﺰﻋُﻢ أَﻧﱠﻪ ِﻣﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉﻨﱠِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺗَـﻌﺠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺖ‬‫‪ :k‬ﻟَْﻮ ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻣْﻦ أَﺧﻴﻨَﺎ َﻫَﺬا اﻟ ﱠ ّ َ ْ ُ ُ ُ ٌ َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ‬ ‫َْ ُ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَﻰ ُﻣَﻌﺎٍذ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وْﳛَ َ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﻚ‪،‬‬ ‫ث‪ :‬إِﱠ‪ 5‬ﱠ‪َ k‬وإِﱠ‪ 5‬إِﻟَْﻴﻪ َراﺟُﻌﻮَن‪َ ،‬‬ ‫إِْﺣَﺪاُﳘَﺎ َﻷَﺗْـﺒَـْﻌﺘُـَﻬﺎ اْﻷُْﺧَﺮى‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل اْﳊَﺎِر ُ‬
‫ﻚ ﻟََﺰﻟﱠﺔٌ‬ ‫‪ k‬أَﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ِﻣْﻨ َ‬‫ﻒ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬ ‫َوَﻣْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻣَﻌﺎذُ ﺑُْﻦ َﺟﺒٍَﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وَﻣﺎ َذاَك؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إِﱠ‪َò‬ك َوَزﻟﱠﺔَ اﻟَْﻌﺎِﱂ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَْﺣِﻠ ُ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬وَﻣَﻼﺋَِﻜﺘِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وُﻛﺘُﺒِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وُرُﺳِﻠِﻪ‪َ ،‬واﻟْﻴَـْﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ‪َ ،‬واْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ َواﻟﻨﱠﺎِر‪،‬‬ ‫‪ ò‬اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮٍد‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن إِﱠﻻ أَﱠ‪ 5‬ﻧُـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ ََ‬
‫ت ﻟَُﻘْﻠﻨَﺎ‪ :‬إِﱠ‪ِ 5‬ﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ‬ ‫ﺼﻨَُﻊ اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻠَْﻮ أَﱠ‪ 5‬ﻧَـْﻌﻠَُﻢ أَﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ﻏُِﻔَﺮ ْ‬ ‫ب َﻣﺎ ﻧَْﺪِري َﻣﺎ ﻳَ ْ‬ ‫ﺚ‪َ ،‬واﻟِْﻤﻴَﺰاِن‪َ ،‬وﻟَﻨَﺎ ذُﻧُﻮ ٌ‬ ‫واﻟْﺒـْﻌ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ﺖ ِﻣِّﲏ ﻟََﺰﻟﱠﺔٌ"‪.‬‬ ‫‪ ،k‬إِْن َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ وا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗْ َ َ‬
‫‪ k‬إِْن َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻣِّﲏ ﻟََﺰﻟﱠﺔٌ‪َ ،‬‬
‫ﺖ‪ ،‬وا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗْ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﻋْﺒُﺪ اﱠ‪َ " :k‬‬
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 ‫‪23‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﻚ ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﺮﺛٍَﺪ اﻟ ِّﺰﱠﻣﺎِِﱐّ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ‬ ‫ﺼﻌﺐ ﺑْﻦ اﻟِْﻤْﻘَﺪاِم‪ِ 5 ،‬ﻋْﻜِﺮﻣﺔُ ﺑْﻦ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٍر‪ 5 ،‬أَﺑﻮ ُزﻣْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﻣ ْ َ ُ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪ :‬ﻣﺎَذا ﻳـﻨَ ِﺠﻲ اﻟْﻌﺒَﺪ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ِ∞ ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ «k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫َ ُ ّ َْ َ‬ ‫أَﺑِﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل أَﺑُﻮ َذٍّر‪َ :‬ﺳﺄَﻟْ ُ َ ُ‬
‫ﺿُﺦ ِﳑﱠﺎ َرَزﻗَﻪُ اﱠ‪.«ُk‬‬ ‫ﻚ اﱠ‪ ،ُk‬أَْو ﻳَـْﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺿُﺦ ِﳑﱠﺎ َرَزﻗَ َ‬‫‪ ،k‬إِﱠن َﻣَﻊ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن َﻋَﻤًﻼ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﺗَـْﺮ َ‬ ‫ﱯ ا ﱠِ‬‫ﺖ‪ òَ :‬ﻧَِ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬
‫‪َ - ٧٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﱠﻔﺎُن‪َ 5 ،‬ﲪﱠﺎُد ﺑُْﻦ َزﻳٍْﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋِﻠِّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ َزﻳٍْﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أُِّم ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ أَﱠن َرُﺟًﻼ ﻗَﺎَل ﻟَِﻌﺎﺋَِﺸﺔَ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن؟‬
‫ﺴﻨَـﺘُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وَﺳﺎَءﺗْﻪُ َﺳﻴِّﺌَـﺘُﻪُ ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬‫ﺖ‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ َﺳﱠﺮﺗْﻪُ َﺣ َ‬ ‫ﲨِﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ﲨﻞ؟« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَ ِْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺴُﺮ أَْو أُ ْ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪» :‬أُﻓَ ّ‬ ‫ﻓَـَﻘﺎﻟَ ْ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ إِﺑـﺮاِﻫﻴﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋْﻠَﻘﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ ،k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ - ٧٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﺳﺎﺑٍِﻖ‪ 5 ،‬إِْﺳَﺮاﺋِﻴُﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ ْ َ َ ْ َ ْ ْ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ِ∞ﻟْﺒَِﺬيِء«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺲ اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣُﻦ ِ∞ﻟﻄﱠﱠﻌﺎِن‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ِ∞ﻟﻠﱠﱠﻌﺎِن‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ِ∞ﻟَْﻔﺎِﺣ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫ث‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ﺑِْﻦ ﻳَِﺰﻳَﺪ‪،‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺑِْﻦ اْﳊﺎِر ِ‬ ‫‪ - ٨٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َْﳛﲕ ﺑْﻦ ﺳِﻌﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َْ ُ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ب«‪.‬‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ ،k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣُﻦ ﻳُﻄْﺒَُﻊ َﻋﻠَﻰ اْﳋَﻼِل ُﻛﻠَّﻬﺎ إِﱠﻻ اْﳋﻴَﺎﻧَﺔَ َواﻟَْﻜﺬ َ‬
‫ﺐ ﺑِْﻦ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺼَﻌ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫‪َ - ٨١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑُْﻦ َﺳِﻌﻴﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻠََﻤﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ ُﻛَﻬْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب«‪.‬‬ ‫»اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣُﻦ ﻳُﻄْﺒَُﻊ َﻋﻠَﻰ اْﳋَﻼِل ُﻛﻠَّﻬﺎ إِﱠﻻ اْﳋﻴَﺎﻧَﺔَ َواﻟَْﻜﺬ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﻳُﻄَْﻮى اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣُﻦ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ أُﻣﺎﻣﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ﺶ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﺣّﺪﺛْ ُ ْ َ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٨٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ب«‪.‬‬ ‫َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﻛ ِﻞّ َﺷْﻲء إِﱠﻻ اْﳋﻴَﺎﻧَﺔَ َواﻟَْﻜﺬ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪24‬‬

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‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴِﻦ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻣﻮَﺳﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﲔ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻠٍّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َزاﺋَﺪةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻫَﺸﺎم‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊَ َ‬ ‫ﺴُْ‬ ‫‪َ - ٨٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﺣ َ‬
‫ﺼﺒِﺢ اﻟﱠﺮُﺟﻞ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ وُﳝِْﺴﻲ َﻛﺎِﻓﺮا‪ ،‬وُﳝِْﺴﻲ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ وﻳُ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫»ﻳُﻜﻮُن ِﰲ آِﺧِﺮ اﻟﱠﺰﻣﺎِن ِﻓ ٌَ ِ‬
‫ﺢ‬‫ﺼﺒ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ً َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﱳ َﻛﻘﻄَِﻊ اﻟﻠﱠْﻴِﻞ اﻟُْﻤﻈْﻠِﻢ ﻳُ ْ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫َﻛﺎِﻓًﺮا«‪.‬‬
‫‪َ - ٨٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ﻋُﻠَﻴﱠﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊَﱠﺠﺎِج ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻋُﺜَْﻤﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻛﺜٍِﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻫَﻼِل ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻣْﻴُﻤﻮﻧَﺔَ‪،‬‬
‫ﺖ ِﱄ َﺟﺎِرﻳَﺔٌ ﺗَـْﺮَﻋﻰ ﻏَﻨًَﻤﺎ ِﱄ ﻗَـْﺒَﻞ أُُﺣٍﺪ َواْﳉُﱠﻮاﻧِﻴﱠِﺔ‪،‬‬ ‫ﺴﻠَِﻤِّﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎﻧَ ْ‬‫َﻋْﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎٍء‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ اْﳊََﻜِﻢ اﻟ ﱡ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ﻒ َﻛَﻤﺎ َ‪َْÔ‬ﺳُﻔﻮَن‬ ‫ﺸﺎةٍ ِﻣْﻦ ﻏَﻨَِﻤَﻬﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وأََ‪َ 5‬رُﺟٌﻞ ِﻣْﻦ ﺑَِﲏ آَدَم آَﺳ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑِ َ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻗَْﺪ َذَﻫ َ‬
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‫ت ﻳَـْﻮم َوإَِذا ذﺋْ ٌ‬‫ﻓَﺄَﻃْﻠَْﻌﺘُـَﻬﺎ َذا َ‬
‫‪ k‬أََﻻ أُْﻋﺘُِﻘَﻬﺎ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺖ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻓَـَﻌﻈﱠَﻢ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺖ إَِﱃ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ َﻋﻠَﱠﻲ ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ َ َ ُ‬ ‫ﺻﱠﻜﺔً‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَﺗَـْﻴ ُ َ ُ‬ ‫ﺻَﻜْﻜﺘُـَﻬﺎ َ‬ ‫ﻟَﻜِّﲏ َ‬
‫‪ .k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺖ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬أَﻧْ َ َ ُ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎِء‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ أََ‪5‬؟« ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ِ :‬ﰲ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫»اﺋْﺘِِﲏ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ« ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َﳍَﺎ‪» :‬أَﻳَْﻦ اﱠ‪َk‬؟« ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬
‫»ﻓَﺄَْﻋﺘِْﻘَﻬﺎ ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨَﺔٌ«‪.‬‬
‫س‪،‬‬ ‫‪َ - ٨٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋِﻠﱡﻲ ﺑُْﻦ ِﻫَﺸﺎٍم‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻟَْﻴـﻠَﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟِْﻤ ْﻨـَﻬﺎِل‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳِﻌﻴِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ُﺟﺒَ ٍْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬إﱠن َﻋﻠَﻰ أُّﻣﻲ َرﻗَـﺒَﺔً ُﻣْﺆﻣﻨَﺔً‪َ ،‬وﻋْﻨﺪي َرﻗَـﺒَﺔٌ َﺳْﻮَداءُ‬ ‫َوَﻋِﻦ اْﳊََﻜِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳَـْﺮﻓَـُﻌﻪُ‪ :‬أَﱠن َرُﺟًﻼ‪ ،‬أَﺗَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬
‫ﺖ ِ‪Ø‬ﺎ« ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬أَﺗَْﺸﻬِﺪﻳﻦ أَْن َﻻ إِﻟَﻪ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪ ،k‬وأَِﱐ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫‪k‬؟« ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ُ َ ّ َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫أَْﻋَﺠﻤﻴﱠﺔٌ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﺋْ َ‬
‫»ﻓَﺄَْﻋﺘِْﻘَﻬﺎ«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺴﻴِّ ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‬ ‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑِْﻦ اﻟُْﻤ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ٨٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋْﺒُﺪ اْﻷَْﻋﻠَﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻌَﻤٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺰْﻫِﺮ ِّ‬
‫ﺼﻴﺒُﻪُ ﺑََﻼءٌ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺜَُﻞ اﻟَْﻜﺎﻓِِﺮ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﻣﺜَﻞ اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣِﻦ ﻣﺜَﻞ اﻟﱠﺰرِع‪َ ،‬ﻻ ﺗَـﺰاُل اﻟ ِﺮﻳﺢ ُﲤِﻴﻠُﻪُ‪ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳـﺰاُل اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣﻦ ﻳ ِ‬ ‫رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ ََ ُ ُ ُ‬ ‫َ ّ ُ‬ ‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫َُ‬
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‫ﺼَﺪ«‪.‬‬ ‫َﻣﺜَُﻞ َﺷَﺠَﺮة اْﻷُْرِز َﻻ َ‪ْÒ‬ﺘَـﱡﺰ َﺣﱠﱴ ﺗُْﺴﺘَْﺤ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ َﻛْﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑِْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫‪َ - ٨٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪َ 5 ،‬زَﻛِﺮﱠ‪َ ،ò‬ﻋْﻦ َﺳْﻌﺪ ﺑِْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاﻫﻴَﻢ‪َ ،‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَِﲏ اﺑُْﻦ َﻛْﻌ ِ َ‬
‫ﺼَﺮﻋَُﻬﺎ َﻣﱠﺮةً َوﺗَـْﻌِﺪُﳍَﺎ أُْﺧَﺮى َﺣﱠﱴ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺢ ﺗَ ْ‬‫ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻣﺜَُﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣِﻦ َﻛَﻤﺜَِﻞ اْﳋَﺎَﻣﺔ ﻣَﻦ اﻟﱠﺰْرِع ﺗُﻔﻴﺌُـَﻬﺎ اﻟ ِّﺮﻳ ُ‬
‫ﺻِﻠَﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬ﻻ ﻳُِﻔﻴﺌُـَﻬﺎ َﺷْﻲءٌ َﺣﱠﱴ ﻳَُﻜﻮَن ا ِْﳒَﻌﺎﻓُـَﻬﺎ َﻣﱠﺮةً َواِﺣَﺪةً«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ‪Ò‬ﻴَﺞ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺜَُﻞ اﻟَْﻜﺎﻓِﺮ َﻛَﻤﺜَِﻞ اْﻷَْرَزة اﻟُْﻤَﺠﱠﺬﺑَﺔ َﻋﻠَﻰ أَ ْ‬
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‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫‪ - ٨٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪ِ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِﻋﻤﺮاَن ﺑِْﻦ ﺣَﺪﻳٍْﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َْﳛﲕ ﺑِْﻦ ﺳِﻌﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺑِﺸِﲑ ﺑِْﻦ َ‪ِƒ‬ﻴ ٍ‬
‫َْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ْ َْ‬
‫ﺸْﻌﺜَﺎِء‬
‫ﺖ‪ òَ :‬أََ∞ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺢ َوﺗُِﻘﻴُﻤَﻬﺎ َﻣﱠﺮةً أُْﺧَﺮى‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﻀﻌﻴﻒ َﻛَﻤﺜَِﻞ اْﳋَﺎَﻣﺔ ﻣَﻦ اﻟﱠﺰْرِع‪ُ ،‬ﲤﻴﻠَُﻬﺎ اﻟ ِّﺮﻳ ُ‬
‫"ﻣﺜَﻞ اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ‬
‫َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﺢ "‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﺗُـَﻘﻠّﺒُـَﻬﺎ اﻟ ِّﺮﻳ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ ِﰲ ِﻇ ِﻠَّﻬﺎ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ي؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ :‬ﻣﺜْﻞ اﻟﻨﱠْﺨﻠَِﺔ ﺗُـْﺆِﰐ أُُﻛﻠََﻬﺎ ُﻛﻞﱠ ِﺣ ٍ‬ ‫ﻓَﺎﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣُﻦ اﻟَْﻘِﻮ ﱡ‬
‫ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣﺜَُﻞ‬ ‫‪ - ٨٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻏُْﻨَﺪر‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُﺷﻌﺒﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻳـﻌﻠَﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎٍء‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ٌ ْ َْ ْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻀُﻊ ﻃَﻴِّﺒًﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣُﻦ َﻣﺜَُﻞ اﻟﻨﱠْﺨﻠَِﺔ‪ُْÛَ ،‬ﻛُﻞ ﻃَﻴِّﺒًﺎ َوﺗَ َ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺑـﺮَدةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﺑُـَﺮﻳَْﺪةَ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ ا ﱠ ْ ُ ْ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬اﺑُْﻦ إْدرﻳ َ‬ ‫‪ - ٩٠‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﻀﺎ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﱡﺪ ﺑَـْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﻀﻪُ ﺑَـْﻌ ً‬ ‫ﷺ‪» :‬اﻟُْﻤْﺆِﻣُﻦ ﻟِْﻠُﻤْﺆِﻣِﻦ َﻛﺎﻟْﺒُـ ْﻨـﻴَﺎِن‪ ،‬ﻳَ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪26‬‬

‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ ُﺷَﺮْﺣﺒِﻴَﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل‬ ‫‪َ - ٩١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوِﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺎِﺷِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬إِﱠن َﻋﱠﻤﺎًرا َﻣﻠِﻲءٌ إِﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬إَِﱃ ُﻣ َ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻫﺎﻧِِﺊ ﺑِْﻦ َﻫﺎﻧٍِﺊ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻛﻨﱠﺎ ُﺟﻠُﻮًﺳﺎ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪َ 5‬ﻋﺜﱠﺎُم ﺑُْﻦ َﻋِﻠٍّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬ ‫‪ - ٩٢‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬إِﱠن َﻋﱠﻤﺎًرا‬ ‫ﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟْﻤﻄَﻴﱠ ِ ِ‬ ‫َﻋِﻠٍّﻲ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺐ َﲰْﻌ ُ َ ُ‬ ‫ﺴَﻼُم ﻓََﺪَﺧَﻞ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٌر ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻣْﺮَﺣﺒًﺎ ِ∞ﻟﻄﱠﻴِّ ِ ُ‬
‫ﺸﺎِﺷِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫َﻣﻠِﻲءٌ إِﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬إَِﱃ ُﻣ َ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ِﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺴَﻦ‪ ،‬ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬إن اْﻹﳝَﺎَن ﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺖ اْﳊَ َ‬‫‪َ - ٩٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﱠﻔﺎُن‪َ 5 ،‬ﺟْﻌَﻔُﺮ ﺑُْﻦ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎَن‪َ 5 ،‬زَﻛِﺮﱠ‪ ،ò‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﺻﱠﺪﻗَﻪُ اﻟَْﻌَﻤُﻞ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ َو َ‬ ‫ِ∞ﻟﺘﱠَﺤ ِﻠّﻲ َوَﻻ ِ∞ﻟﺘﱠَﻤِّﲏ‪ ،‬إِﱠﳕَﺎ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن َﻣﺎ َوﻗَـَﺮ ِﰲ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ِ‬
‫س‪ ،‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‬‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬اﺑُْﻦ ُﻣْﺴِﻬٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ ﺑِْﻦ اﻟُْﻤَﻬﺎِﺟِﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳎَﺎِﻫٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬ ‫‪ - ٩٤‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ع اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻣْﻨﻪُ ﻧُﻮَر ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن َﺷﺎَء َرﱠدﻩُ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻟِِﻐْﻠَﻤﺎﻧِِﻪ‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ أََراَد ﻣْﻨُﻜُﻢ اﻟْﺒَﺎَءةَ َزﱠوْﺟﻨَﺎﻩُ‪َ ،‬ﻻ ﻳَـْﺰِﱐ ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ َزاٍن إِﱠﻻ ﻧَـَﺰ َ‬
‫َوإِْن َﺷﺎَء أَْن َﳝْﻨَـُﻌﻪُ َﻣﻨَـَﻌﻪُ«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪27‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫س‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻋَﺠﺒًﺎ ِِﻹْﺧَﻮاﻧِﻨَﺎ ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻫِﻞ‬‫ﺼﺔُ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻌَﻤٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻃَﺎُو ٍ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬ﻗَﺒِﻴ َ‬
‫‪ - ٩٥‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﺴﱠﻤْﻮَن اْﳊَﱠﺠﺎَج ُﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ!‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫اﻟْﻌَﺮاق ﻳُ َ‬
‫‪ - ٩٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ إِﺑـﺮاِﻫﻴﻢ‪ :‬أَﻧﱠﻪ َﻛﺎَن إَِذا ذُِﻛﺮ اْﳊﱠﺠﺎج ﻗَﺎَل‪} :‬أََﻻ ﻟَﻌﻨَﺔُ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ ُ‬ ‫ْ َْ َ ُ‬ ‫َْ ُ‬ ‫َ َ ٌ ْ َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ{]ﻫﻮد‪.[١٨ :‬‬ ‫َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻈﱠﺎﻟِﻤ َ‬
‫ت َﻛﺎِﻓٌﺮ‬‫ﺸْﻌِ ِﱯ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬أَْﺷَﻬُﺪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻣْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞ﻟﻄﱠﺎﻏُﻮ ِ‬ ‫‪َ - ٩٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ﺑَْﻜِﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻴﱠﺎ ٍ‬
‫ُ ٌ‬ ‫ش‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﺟﻠَِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ّ‬
‫‪ ،k‬ﻳَـْﻌِﲏ اْﳊَﱠﺠﺎَج«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ∞ ﱠِ‬

‫ﻚ ِﰲ أَْﻣِﺮ اْﳊَﱠﺠﺎِج َﳊَﺎﻩُ‬ ‫ﺸﱡ‬ ‫ﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻛَﻔﻰ ِﲟَْﻦ ﻳَ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ٩٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬
‫اﱠ‪.«ُk‬‬
‫ﻒ ﻟَﻨَﺎ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪:‬‬
‫ﺻ ْ‬ ‫ﺐ‪ِ :‬‬ ‫ﺻٍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُـْﻠﻨَﺎ ﻟِﻄَْﻠِﻖ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣﺒِﻴ ٍ‬
‫‪ - ٩٩‬أَْﺧَﱪَ‪َْ 5‬ﳛﲕ ﺑْﻦ آَدم‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ ْ َُ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬ﳐَﺎﻓَﺔَ ا ﱠِ‬‫ﺼﻴِﺔ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫‪َ k‬ﻋﻠَﻰ‬ ‫»اﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى َﻋَﻤٌﻞ ﺑِﻄَﺎَﻋﺔ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬رَﺟﺎَء َرْﲪَﺔ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬ﻋﻠَﻰ ﻧُﻮٍر ﻣَﻦ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬واﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى ﺗَـْﺮُك َﻣْﻌ َ‬
‫‪.«k‬‬ ‫ﻧُﻮٍر ِﻣﻦ ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪28‬‬

‫ﺴﺎِوٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫‪ - ١٠٠‬أَْﺧ ِ‬

‫س‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‬ ‫ﱪَ‪َ 5‬وﻛﻴٌﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﻟَْﻤﻠﻚ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ﺑَﺸٍﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ُﻣ َ‬ ‫ََ‬
‫ت َﺷ ْﺒـَﻌﺎَن‪َ ،‬وَﺟﺎُرﻩُ ﻃَﺎٍو إَِﱃ َﺟﺎﻧِﺒِِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻣﺎ ُﻫَﻮ ِﲟُْﺆِﻣٍﻦ َﻣْﻦ َ∞ َ‬ ‫رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ِْÔَ» :‬ﰐ َﻋﻠَﻰ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﺧﻴـﺜَﻤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ض‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ ْ َ ْ ْ‬ ‫ﻀْﻴُﻞ ﺑُْﻦ ِﻋﻴَﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬ﻓُ َ‬‫‪ - ١٠١‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﺲ ِﻓﻴِﻬْﻢ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ«‪.‬‬ ‫س َزﻣﺎٌن َْﳚﺘَِﻤﻌﻮَن وﻳﺼﻠﱡﻮَن ِﰲ اﻟْﻤ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺟﺪ َوﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ُ َُ َ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ َ‬
‫ﺲ ﺑِْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫ﻚ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ِ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻃَْﻠِﻖ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣﺒِﻴ ٍ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َْﳛَﲕ ﺑُْﻦ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَﻰ اﻟﺘﱠـْﻴِﻤﱡﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬
‫ﺐ إِﻟَْﻴِﻪ ِﳑﱠﺎ ِﺳَﻮاُﳘَﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ث َﻣْﻦ ُﻛﱠﻦ ِﻓﻴِﻪ َوَﺟَﺪ ﻃَْﻌَﻢ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن َوَﺣَﻼَوﺗَﻪُ‪ :‬أَْن ﻳَُﻜﻮَن اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﺗَـﺒَﺎَرَك َوﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ َوَرُﺳﻮﻟُﻪُ أََﺣ ﱡ‬ ‫"ﺛََﻼ ٌ‬
‫‪ ،k‬وأَْن ﻳـﺒِﻐﺾ ِﰲ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َوأَْن ُِﳛ ﱠ‬
‫‪َ "k‬وذََﻛَﺮ اﻟُْﻤْﺸِﺮَك‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﰲ ا ﱠ َ ُ ْ َ‬
‫س‪ :‬أَﱠ‪َُƒ‬ﻤﺎ َدَﺧَﻼ َﻋﻠَﻰ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ ِﻫَﺸﺎُم ﺑُْﻦ ﻋُْﺮَوةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟِْﻤْﺴَﻮِر ﺑِْﻦ َﳐَْﺮَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬واﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻆ ِﻷََﺣٍﺪ ِﰲ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم أَ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةُ‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪» :‬إِﻧﱠﻪُ َﻻ َﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻃُِﻌَﻦ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻋُﻤﺮ ر ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪،‬‬‫ع اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺿﺎ َ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ ﺣ َ‬ ‫ََ َ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَﺼﻠﱠﻰ وﺟﺮﺣﻪُ ﻳـﺜْـﻌﺐ َدﻣﺎ ر ِ‬
‫َ َ ُْ ُ َ َ ُ ً َ‬
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 ‫‪29‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺻَﺤﺎﺑِِﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻀْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَﺑِﻴﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﲰَﺎك‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إِﺑْـَﺮاﻫﻴَﻢ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻠَﻘَﻤﺔَ‪ ،‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻛﺎَن ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل ﻷَ ْ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ﻓُ َ‬
‫ﺸﻮا ﺑِﻨَﺎ ﻧَـْﺰَداُد إِﳝَﺎً‪.«5‬‬‫»اْﻣ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﰊ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟﺎﻣِﻊ ﺑِْﻦ َﺷﱠﺪاد‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﺳَﻮد ﺑِْﻦ ﻫَﻼل اﻟُْﻤَﺤﺎِرِِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ُ‬
‫ﺴﻮا ﺑِﻨَﺎ ﻧُـْﺆِﻣُﻦ َﺳﺎَﻋﺔً‪ ،‬ﻳَـْﻌِﲏ ﻧَْﺬُﻛُﺮ اﱠ‪ َk‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ‪» :‬اْﺟﻠ ُ‬
‫ﺼِﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ ﻗُـﱠﺮةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن‬ ‫‪ - ١٠٦‬أَْﺧَﱪَ‪ 5‬أَﺑﻮ أُﺳﺎﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣْﻬِﺪ ِي ﺑِْﻦ ﻣْﻴﻤﻮٍن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِﻋﻤﺮاَن اﻟَْﻘ ِ‬
‫ْ َْ‬ ‫َ ُ ََ ْ َ ّ َُ‬
‫ﻚ إِﳝَﺎً‪َ 5‬داﺋًِﻤﺎ‪َ ،‬وِﻋْﻠًﻤﺎ َ‪5‬ﻓًِﻌﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﻫْﺪً‪ ò‬ﻗَـﻴًِّﻤﺎ"‬ ‫ِ‬
‫أَﺑُﻮ اﻟﱠﺪْرَداء ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪" :‬اﻟﻠﱠُﻬﱠﻢ إِِّﱐ أَْﺳﺄَﻟُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل ﻣﻌﺎِوﻳﺔُ‪ :‬ﻓَـﻨـﺮى أَﱠن ِﻣﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن إِﳝَﺎً‪ 5‬ﻟَﻴ ِ ٍِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺲ‬‫ﺲ ﺑَﺪاﺋﻢ‪َ ،‬وﻣَﻦ اﻟْﻌْﻠﻢ ﻋْﻠًﻤﺎ َﻻ ﻳَـ ْﻨـَﻔُﻊ‪َ ،‬وﻣَﻦ اْﳍَْﺪي َﻫْﺪً‪ ò‬ﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َُ َ ََ‬
‫ﺑَِﻘﻴٍِّﻢ"‪.‬‬
‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺟﺎِﻣِﻊ ﺑِْﻦ َﺷﱠﺪاٍد‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﺳَﻮِد ﺑِْﻦ ِﻫَﻼِل‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن ُﻣَﻌﺎذٌ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٠٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ‬
‫ﺲ ﺑِﻨَﺎ ﻓَـْﻠﻨُـْﺆِﻣُﻦ َﺳﺎَﻋﺔً‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻴَْﺠﻠَِﺴﺎِن ﻓَـﻴَْﺬُﻛَﺮاِن اﱠ‪َ َk‬وَْﳛِﻤَﺪاﻧِِﻪ«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِِ‬
‫ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل ﻟﻠﱠﺮُﺟِﻞ ﻣْﻦ إْﺧَﻮاﻧﻪ‪» :‬اْﺟﻠ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ أَُﺳﺎَﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻃَْﻠَﺤﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُزﺑَـْﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َذٍّر‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻛﺎَن ﻋَُﻤُﺮ ُرﱠﲟَﺎ َ‪ُْÔ‬ﺧُﺬ ﺑِﻴَِﺪ‬ ‫‪ - ١٠٨‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﺻَﺤﺎﺑِِﻪ ﻓَـﻴَـُﻘﻮُل‪ :‬ﻗُْﻢ ﺑِﻨَﺎ ﻧَـْﺰَداَد إِﳝَﺎً‪."5‬‬ ‫اﻟﱠﺮﺟِﻞ واﻟ ِﺮﺟﻠَ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ ﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬ ‫ُ َ ّْ ْ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪30‬‬

‫ب‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎَن ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﻴﺴﺮةَ‪َ ،‬واﻟُْﻤِﻐﲑةُ ﺑُْﻦ ِﺷْﺒٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻃَﺎِرِق ﺑِْﻦ ِﺷَﻬﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ١٠٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ََ‬
‫ب ِ‪َْ±‬رﺑٍَﻊ َﺧ ٌْ‬
‫ﲑ‬ ‫ﻀِﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﺲ َﻛَﻤﺜَِﻞ ِﺳَﻬﺎِم اﻟْﻐَﻨِﻴَﻤِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ ﻳَ ْ‬ ‫ت اْﳋَْﻤ ِ‬ ‫ﺼﻠَﻮا ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اْﻷَْﲪَﺴِّﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳﻠَْﻴَﻤﺎَن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬إﱠن َﻣﺜََﻞ اﻟ ﱠ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺴْﻬَﻤ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﻀِﺮ ُ ِ ِ‬
‫ب ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﺑ َ‬ ‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ﻳَ ْ‬ ‫ﺴْﻬَﻤ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﻀِﺮ ُ ِ ِ‬
‫ب ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﺑ َ‬ ‫ﲑ ِﳑﱠْﻦ ﻳَ ْ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ﻀِﺮ ِ‬
‫ب ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﺑِﺜََﻼﺛَﺔ َﺧ ٌْ‬
‫ٍ‬
‫ب ﻓ ْﻴـَﻬﺎ ﺑِﺜََﻼﺛَﺔ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ﻳَ ْ ُ‬
‫ﻀِﺮ ِ‬
‫ﳑﱠْﻦ ﻳَ ْ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ب ِﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﺑَِﻮاِﺣٍﺪ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ َْﳚَﻌُﻞ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻣْﻦ ﻟَﻪُ َﺳْﻬٌﻢ ِﰲ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم َﻛَﻤْﻦ َﻻ َﺳْﻬَﻢ ﻟَﻪُ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﻀِﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﲑ ِﳑﱠْﻦ ﻳَ ْ‬
‫َﺧ ٌْ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬أَْوﺛَُﻖ‬ ‫ﺚ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﻤِﺮو ﺑِﻦ ﻣﱠﺮةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟْﱪاِء‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﻀْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻟَْﻴ ٍ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ْ ْ ْ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬اﺑُْﻦ ﻓُ َ‬ ‫‪ - ١١٠‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫‪ ،k‬واﻟْﺒـْﻐﺾ ِﰲ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻋَُﺮى ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم اْﳊَ ﱡ‬
‫‪.«k‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﰲ ا ﱠ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﺐ ِﰲ‬ ‫ﻚ ﺑِْﻦ ِﻣْﻐَﻮٍل‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُزﺑَـْﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳎَﺎِﻫٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬أَْوﺛَُﻖ ﻋَُﺮى ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن اْﳊَ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ - ١١١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫‪ ،k‬واﻟْﺒـْﻐﺾ ِﰲ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪.«k‬‬ ‫اﱠ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬
‫ي‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَﱠوُل‬ ‫‪َ - ١١٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪َ 5 ،‬داُوُد ﺑُْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻫْﻨﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُزَراَرةَ ﺑِْﻦ أَوَﰱ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﲤﻴٍﻢ اﻟﱠﺪاِر ِّ‬
‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةُ اﻟْﻤْﻜﺘُﻮﺑﺔُ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن أََﲤﱠَﻬﺎ وإِﱠﻻ ِﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬اﻧْﻈُﺮوا َﻫﻞ ﻟَﻪُ ِﻣﻦ ﺗَﻄَﱠﻮٍع؟ ﻓَﺄُْﻛِﻤﻠَ ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ﺑِِﻪ اﻟَْﻌْﺒُﺪ ﻳَـْﻮَم اﻟِْﻘﻴَﺎَﻣِﺔ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫َ ُ ْ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َﻣﺎ ُﳛَﺎَﺳ ُ‬
‫ف ﺑِِﻪ ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر"‪.‬‬ ‫ع أُِﺧَﺬ ﺑِﻄََﺮﻓَـْﻴِﻪ ﻓَـُﻘِﺬ َ‬ ‫ﻀﺔُ ِﻣْﻦ ﺗَﻄَﱡﻮِﻋِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن َﱂْ ﺗَْﻜُﻤِﻞ اﻟَْﻔِﺮﻳ َ‬
‫ﻀﺔُ َوَﱂْ ﻳَُﻜْﻦ ﻟَﻪُ ﺗَﻄَﱠﻮ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟَْﻔِﺮﻳ َ‬
‫ﺚ ﻳَِﺰﻳَﺪ إِﱠﻻ أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﱂْ ﻳَْﺬُﻛْﺮ‪» :‬ﻳـُْﺆَﺧُﺬ ﺑِﻄََﺮﻓَـْﻴِﻪ‬ ‫‪ - ١١٣‬أَْﺧَﱪَ‪ُ 5‬ﻫَﺸْﻴﻢ‪ ،‬أ‪َ 5‬داوُد‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُزرارةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﲤِﻴٍﻢ‪ِ ،‬ﲟِﺜِْﻞ ﺣِﺪﻳ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ ََ ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ف ﺑِِﻪ ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَـﻴَـْﻘِﺬ ُ‬
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 ‫‪31‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻟَِﻘَﻲ َﻋْﻮ ُ‬ ‫ﺸٍﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ ﺻﺎﻟٍِﺢ اْﻷَﻧْﺼﺎِر ِي‪ :‬أَﱠن رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ف‬ ‫َ ّ َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪َ - ١١٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪ ،‬أ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ َﻣْﻌ َ ْ‬
‫ﺖ ﻣْﺆِﻣﻨًﺎ ﺣ̃ﻘﺎ‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ف ﺑْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬ ‫ﺑْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪:‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ﺻﺒَْﺤ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫ﻚ؟« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ َ‪َ ò‬ﻋْﻮ َ َ َ‬ ‫ﺻﺒَْﺤ َ‬ ‫ﻒ أَ ْ‬‫ﻚ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻛْﻴ َ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ت‬‫ﺖ ﻧَـْﻔِﺴﻲ َﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَْﺳَﻬْﺮ ُ‬ ‫‪ ،k‬أَﻃْﻠَْﻘ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ؟« ﻗَﺎَل‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫»إِﱠن ﻟُِﻜِّﻞ ﻗَـْﻮٍل َﺣِﻘﻴَﻘﺔٌ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤﺎ َﺣِﻘﻴَﻘﺔُ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫َ َُ‬
‫ش َرِﰊ‪َ ،‬وَﻛﺄَِّﱐ أَﻧْﻈُُﺮ إَِﱃ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ ﻳَـﺘَـَﺰاَوُروَن ِﻓﻴَﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﻛﺄَِّﱐ أَﻧْﻈُُﺮ‬ ‫ت َﻫَﻮاِﺟِﺮي‪َ ،‬وَﻛﺄَِّﱐ أَﻧْﻈُُﺮ إَِﱃ َﻋْﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﻟَْﻴﻠِﻲ‪َ ،‬وأَﻇَْﻤﺄْ ُ‬
‫ﺖ« أَْو »ﻟَِﻘْﻨ َ‬ ‫ﻀﺎﻏَﻮَن ِﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓَﺎﻟَْﺰْم«‪.‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻋَﺮﻓْ َ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫إَِﱃ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر ﻳَـﺘَ َ ْ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﺑﻦ ِﻣْﻐﻮٍل‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ُزﺑـﻴٍﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ َ‪ò‬‬ ‫ﺻﺒَْﺤ َ‬ ‫ﻒ أَ ْ‬‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻛْﻴ َ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ْ َْ‬ ‫‪َ - ١١٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪َ 5 ،‬ﻣﺎﻟ ُ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ﺖ ﻧَـْﻔِﺴﻲ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ؟« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَﺻﺒﺤ ُ ِ‬ ‫ث ﺑْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ٍ‬
‫ﺖ ﻗَْﺪ َﻋَﺰﻓَ ْ‬ ‫ﺻﺒَْﺤ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ ُﻣْﺆﻣﻨًﺎ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬إِﱠن ﻟُﻜِّﻞ َﺣٍّﻖ َﺣﻘﻴَﻘﺔً« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَ ْ‬ ‫َْ ْ‬ ‫َﺣﺎِر َ َ َ‬
‫ب‪َ ،‬وﻟََﻜﺄَِّﱐ أَﻧْﻈُُﺮ‬ ‫ش َرِّﰊ ﻗَْﺪ أُﺑِْﺮَز ﻟِْﻠِﺤﺴﺎ ِ‬ ‫ت َ‪َƒ‬ﺎِري‪َ ،‬وﻟََﻜﺄَﱠﳕَﺎ أَﻧْﻈُُﺮ إَِﱃ َﻋْﺮ ِ‬ ‫ت ﻟَْﻴﻠِﻲ‪َ ،‬وأَﻇَْﻤﺄْ ُ‬ ‫َﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَْﺳَﻬْﺮ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫إَِﱃ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ ﻳَـﺘَـَﺰاَوُروَن ِﰲ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ‪َ ،‬وﻟََﻜﺄَِّﱐ أَْﲰَُﻊ ﻋَُﻮاَء أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل ﻟَﻪُ‪َ» :‬ﻋْﺒٌﺪ ﻧَـﱠﻮَر اﱠ‪ ُk‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن ِﰲ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓَﺎﻟَْﺰْم«‪.‬‬ ‫ﻗَـْﻠﺒِِﻪ« أَْو »َﻋَﺮﻓْ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑُْﻦ َرَواَﺣﺔَ َ‪ُْÔ‬ﺧُﺬ ﺑِﻴَِﺪ‬ ‫‪ - ١١٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑﻮ أُﺳﺎﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﺑِﻦ ﻣﺴِﻠٍﻢ‪ 5 ،‬اﺑﻦ ﺳﺎﺑٍِﻂ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن َﻋﺒُﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ َ‬ ‫ُ ََ ْ ُ َ ْ ُْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺤﺎﺑِﻪ ﻓَـﻴَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎﻟَْﻮا ﻓَـْﻠﻨُـْﺆﻣُﻦ َﺳﺎَﻋﺔً‪ ،‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎﻟَْﻮا ﻓَـْﻠﻨَْﺬُﻛُﺮ اﱠ‪َ َk‬وﻟْﺘَـْﺰَداُدوا إِﳝَﺎً‪ ،5‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎﻟَْﻮا ﻧَْﺬُﻛُﺮ اﱠ‪َk‬‬ ‫اﻟﻨﱠـْﻔِﺮ ﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬
‫ﺑِﻄَﺎَﻋﺘِِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟََﻌﻠﱠﻪُ ﻳُْﺬُﻛُﺮَ‪ِ 5‬ﲟَْﻐِﻔَﺮﺗِِﻪ«‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺻﺎِدٍق‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋِﻠ ٍﻲ ر ِ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ْ ّ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪َ - ١١٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ َﻫﺎُروَن‪ 5 ،‬اﻟَْﻌﱠﻮاُم ﺑُْﻦ َﺣْﻮَﺷ ٍ ْ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻَﻼةٌ إِﱠﻻ ِﰲ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎن‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ آَﻣَﻦ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةُ‪َ ،‬واْﳉََﻤﺎَﻋﺔُ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻼ ﺗُـْﻘﺒَُﻞ َ‬ ‫ث أََ√ِﰲ‪ :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن‪َ ،‬واﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫"إِﱠن ﻟ ِْﻺﳝَﺎَن ﺛََﻼ ُ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ َﺟﺎَﻣَﻊ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ﻓَﺎَرَق اْﳉََﻤﺎَﻋﺔَ ﻗَـْﻴَﺪ ِﺷ ٍْﱪ َﺧﻠََﻊ َرﻗَـﺒَﺔَ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم َﻋْﻦ ﻋُﻨُِﻘِﻪ"‪.‬‬ ‫َوَﻣْﻦ َ‬
‫ﺴﺎَن ﺑِْﻦ َﻋِﻄﻴﱠﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ أَُﻣﺎَﻣﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل‬ ‫ف‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ - ١١٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ﻳِﺰﻳُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻫﺎروَن‪ُ 5 ،‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻣﻄَ ِﺮ ٍ‬
‫ُْ ُ ّ‬ ‫َ َ ُْ َ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬اْﳊَﻴَﺎءُ َواﻟِْﻌﱡﻲ ُﺷْﻌﺒَـﺘَﺎِن ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬ ‫رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪32‬‬

‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﺑُـَﺮﻳَْﺪةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬وَرْدَ‪ 5‬اﻟَْﻤِﺪﻳﻨَﺔَ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﳏَﺎِر ٍ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺋِ ِ‬‫ﻀْﻴٍﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﻄَﺎِء ﺑِْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ - ١١٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ﻓُ َ‬
‫ض‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻨَـْﻠَﻘﻰ ﻗَـْﻮًﻣﺎ ﻳَـْﺰﻋُُﻤﻮَن أَْن َﻻ ﻗََﺪَر‪،‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ ﻓَـُﻘْﻠﻨَﺎ‪ òَ :‬أََ∞ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ إِﱠ‪ُ 5‬ﳕِْﻌَﻦ ِﰲ اْﻷَْر ِ‬ ‫ﻓَﺄَﺗَـﻴـﻨَﺎ َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ ْ‬
‫ت أَِّﱐ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﺣﱠﱴ َوِدْد ُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ِ :‬ﻣﻦ اﻟْﻤﺴِﻠِﻤﲔ ِﳑﱠﻦ ﻳﺼ ِﻠّﻲ ﻟِْﻠِﻘﺒـﻠَِﺔ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَـﻌﻢ‪ِ ،‬ﳑﱠﻦ ﻳ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻠّﻲ ﻟْﻠﻘ ْﺒـﻠَﺔ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـﻐَﻀ َ‬ ‫َْ ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ُْ َ َُْ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ ِﻣ ْﻨـُﻬْﻢ ﺑَِﺮيءٌ‪َ ،‬وأَﱠ‪ُْƒ‬ﻢ ِﻣْﻨﻪُ ﺑَـَﺮاءٌ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓَﺄَْﺧِﱪﻫﻢ أَﱠن َﻋﺒَﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ ْ‬ ‫ﺖ أُوﻟَﺌِ َ‬ ‫َﱂْ أَُﻛْﻦ َﺳﺄَﻟْﺘُﻪُ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إَِذا ﻟَِﻘﻴ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَﺗَﻰ َرُﺟٌﻞ َﺟﻴُِّﺪ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أَﺟﻞ ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻛﻨﱠﺎ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋﻦ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬إِْن ِﺷْﺌ َ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫ﺖ َﺣﱠﺪﺛْـﺘُ َ ْ َ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﺗُِﻘﻴُﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﻣﺎ ا ِْﻹﺳَﻼم؟ ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﺜِّﻴَﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪،‬‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ﺴُﻦ اﻟَْﻮْﺟﻪ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ òَ :‬رُﺳﻮَل ا ﱠ َ ْ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟ ِّﺮﻳِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﺣ َ‬ ‫ب‪ ،‬ﻃَﻴّ ُ‬
‫ﺖ ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫‪َ k‬ﻣﺎ‬ ‫َ َُ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗْ َ‬‫ﺖ‪َ ،‬وﺗَـْﻐﺘَﺴُﻞ ﻣَﻦ اْﳉَﻨَﺎﺑَﺔ« ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬‬ ‫ﻀﺎَن‪َ ،‬وَﲢُﱡﺞ اﻟْﺒَـْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻮُم َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫َوﺗُـْﺆِﰐ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ‪َ ،‬وﺗَ ُ‬
‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬وِ∞ﻟَْﻘَﺪِر َﺧ ِْﲑِﻩ‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬واﻟﻨﱠﺒِﻴِّ َ‬ ‫‪َ ،k‬واﻟْﻴَـْﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ‪َ ،‬واﻟَْﻤَﻼﺋَِﻜِﺔ‪َ ،‬واﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬ﺗُـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
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‫ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻋﻠَﱠﻲ ِ∞ﻟﱠﺮُﺟِﻞ« ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَـُﻘْﻤﻨَﺎ‬ ‫ف ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ﺼَﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ُ .‬ﰒﱠ اﻧْ َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗْ َ‬‫َوَﺷ ِّﺮﻩ‪َ ،‬وُﺣْﻠِﻮﻩ َوُﻣ ِّﺮﻩ«‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬‬
‫ﺴَﻼُم‪َ ،‬ﺟﺎَءُﻛْﻢ ﻳُـَﻌﻠُِّﻤُﻜْﻢ أَْﻣَﺮ‬ ‫ﱯ ﷺ‪َ» :‬ﻫَﺬا ِﺟ ِْﱪﻳُﻞ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‪َْ±‬ﲨَِﻌﻨَﺎ ﻓَﻄَﻠَْﺒـﻨَﺎﻩُ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻠَْﻢ ﻧَـْﻘِﺪْر َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱡ‬
‫ِدﻳﻨُِﻜْﻢ«‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪33‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪،‬‬‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺣْﺠِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺪ ٍّ‬ ‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻟَْﻴـﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻜْﻨﺪ ِّ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٢٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ َﻣْﻬﺪ ٍّ‬
‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ 5 :‬ﻋِﻠﱞﻲ‪» :‬إِﱠن اﻟﻄﱡُﻬﻮَر َﺷﻄُْﺮ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬
‫ٍِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪،‬‬‫‪َ - ١٢١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋﱠﻔﺎُن‪ 5 ،‬أََ∞ُن اﻟَْﻌﻄﱠﺎُر‪َْ 5 ،‬ﳛَﲕ ﺑُْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻛﺜٍﲑ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َزﻳْﺪ أَِﰊ َﺳﱠﻼٍم‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ اْﻷَْﺷَﻌِﺮ ِّ‬
‫ﻒ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼ ُ‬‫أَﱠن َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ َﻛﺎَن ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪» :‬اﻟﻄﱡُﻬﻮُر ﻧِ ْ‬
‫ﺿﻮءُ َﺷﻄُْﺮ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ِﻋْﻜِﺮَﻣﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬اﻟُْﻮ ُ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٢٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َوِﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ 5 ،‬اْﻷَْوَزاِﻋﱡﻲ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﺣ ﱠ‬
‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻏَُﻼٍم‪ ،‬ﻟِْﻠُﺤْﺠِﺮ أَﱠن‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫‪ - ١٢٣‬أَْﺧ ِ‬
‫ﱪَ‪َ 5‬وﻛﻴٌﻊ‪ُ 5 ،‬ﺳْﻔﻴَﺎُن‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳَﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻟَْﻴـﻠَﻰ اﻟْﻜْﻨﺪ ِّ‬ ‫ََ‬
‫ﺼِﺤﻴَﻔﺔَ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻜﱠﻮةِ َِﲰْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋِﻠ̃ﻴﺎ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪:‬‬ ‫ج ِﻣَﻦ اﻟْﻐَﺎﺋِِﻂ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ òَ :‬ﻏَُﻼُم‪ِ5َ ،‬وﻟِْﲏ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ُﺣْﺠًﺮا‪َ ،‬رأَى اﺑْـﻨًﺎ ﻟَﻪُ َﺧَﺮ َ‬
‫ﻒ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼ ُ‬ ‫»اﻟﻄﱡُﻬﻮُر ﻧِ ْ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪34‬‬
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‫ي‪ ،‬أَﱠن َﻋْﺒَﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑَْﻦ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬إِﱠن ﻋَُﺮى اﻟ ِّﺪﻳِﻦ َوﻗَـَﻮاﺋَِﻤﻪُ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٢٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ ﺑِْﺸٍﺮ‪َ 5 ،‬زَﻛِﺮﱠ‪ ò‬اْﳊََﻮاِر ﱡ‬
‫ﺼَﺪﻗَﺔَ َواْﳉَِﻬﺎَد«‪،‬‬ ‫ﺻﻠَِﺢ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤﺎِل اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻀﺎَن‪َ .‬وإِﱠن ﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةُ َواﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةُ َﻻ ﻳُـَﻔﱠﺮُق ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬَﻤﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﺣﱡﺞ اﻟْﺒَـْﻴﺖ‪َ ،‬و َ‬
‫ﺻْﻮُم َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَم ﻓَﺎﻧْﻄَﻠََﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ إِﳝَﺎً‪5‬‬‫ﺴِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪» :‬إِﱠن أَْﻛَﻤَﻞ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳊَ َ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬اﺑُْﻦ ﻋُﻠَﻴﱠﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ﻳُﻮﻧُ َ‬‫‪ - ١٢٥‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﺴﻨُـُﻬْﻢ ُﺧﻠًُﻘﺎ«‪.‬‬‫أَْﺣ َ‬
‫‪َ - ١٢٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﺑُْﻦ ُﳕٍَْﲑ‪ُ 5 ،‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﲰَﺎِﻋﻴَﻞ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻌِﻘٍﻞ اْﳋَﺜْـَﻌِﻤِّﻲ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَﺗَﻰ َﻋِﻠ̃ﻴﺎ َرُﺟٌﻞ َوُﻫَﻮ ِﰲ‬
‫ﺼِّﻞ ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ َﻛﺎِﻓٌﺮ«‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟﱠﺮﺣﺒِﺔ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ ò :‬أَِﻣﲑ اﻟْﻤْﺆِﻣﻨِﲔ ﻣﺎ ﺗَـﺮى ِﰲ اﻟْﻤﺮأَةِ َﻻ ﺗُ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻠّﻲ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ َﱂْ ﻳُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ََ َ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ﺿَﻤ ْ َﲑةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻛْﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺻﺎﻟٍِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ُ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﱪَ‪ 5‬أَﺑُﻮ ُﻣَﻌﺎِوﻳَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ‬ ‫‪ - ١٢٧‬أَْﺧ ََ‬
‫ﻂ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن«‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪َ ،‬وآﺗَﻰ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ ﺗَـَﻮﱠﺳ َ‬ ‫أَﻗَﺎَم اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺿْﻤَﺮةَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻛْﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ﺶ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺻﺎﻟٍِﺢ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺐ‪،‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٢٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُْﻦ ﻋُﺒَـْﻴﺪ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬ﻋِﻦ اْﻷَْﻋَﻤ ِ ْ‬
‫‪ ،k‬وأَﺑـﻐَﺾ ِﱠِ‬ ‫ﻂ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ أَﺣ ﱠ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةَ َوآﺗَﻰ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ‪َ ،‬وأَﻃَﺎ َ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬وَﻣﻨََﻊ‬ ‫ﺐ ﱠ َْ َ‬ ‫ََ ْ َ‬ ‫ع ُﳏَﱠﻤًﺪا‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ ﺗَـَﻮﱠﺳ َ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻣْﻦ أَﻗَﺎَم اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫‪ ،k‬ﻓَـَﻘِﺪ اْﺳﺘَْﻜَﻤَﻞ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن«‪.‬‬‫ِﱠِ‬
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 ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ﻋُﺒَـْﻴٍﺪ اﻟَْﻜَﻼِﻋِّﻲ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﺧَﺬ ﺑِﻴَِﺪي َﻣْﻜُﺤﻮٌل ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ش‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﻋُﺒـﻴِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪َ - ١٢٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ إِْﲰَﺎﻋﻴُﻞ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻴﱠﺎ ٍ ْ َ ْ‬
‫ﻀﺘِِﻪ َﻋﻠَﻰ‬‫ﺸﱠﺪ ﺑَِﻘْﺒ َ‬‫ص‪ ،‬ﻓَ َ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ُ :‬ﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ َﻋﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﺻَﻼةً َﻣْﻜﺘُﻮﺑَﺔً ُﻣﺘَـَﻌِّﻤًﺪا؟ ﻓَـُﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﻒ ﺗَـُﻘﻮُل ِﰲ َرُﺟٍﻞ ﺗَـَﺮَك َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬ﻛْﻴ َ‬ ‫"َ‪ ò‬أََ∞ َوْﻫ ٍ‬
‫ﻚ ﻣﻦ ﺗَـﺮَك ﺻَﻼةً ﻣْﻜﺘﻮﺑﺔً ﻣﺘـﻌ ِﻤًﺪا ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ ﺑِﺮﺋَ ْ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ي‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ ò :‬أَ∞ وْﻫ ٍ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻣْﻨﻪُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺐ ﻟﻴَـْﻌﻈَُﻢ َﺷﺄُْن ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎن ِﰲ ﻧَـْﻔﺴ َ َ ْ َ َ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ّ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬ ‫ﻳََﺪ ﱠ‬
‫ﺖ ِﻣْﻨﻪ ِذﱠﻣﺔُ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﻛَﻔَﺮ"‪.‬‬ ‫ِذﱠﻣﺔُ اﱠ‪َ ،k‬وَﻣْﻦ ﺑَِﺮﺋَ ْ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ إِﺳﺤﺎَق‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َﻋِﻠﱞﻲ رْﲪﺔُ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ k‬ﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ‪:‬‬ ‫ٍِ‬
‫ََ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٣٠‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ َﺧﺎﻟﺪ اْﻷَْﲪَُﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ ﻗَـْﻴ ٍ ْ‬
‫ﺐ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن«‪.‬‬ ‫س ِﻣَﻦ اْﳉَ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺼْﱪُ ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن ِﲟَْﻨِﺰﻟَِﺔ اﻟﱠﺮأْ ِ‬
‫ﱪ َذَﻫ َ‬ ‫ﺼ ُْ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺈَذا َذَﻫ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫»اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ‪ -‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﺛََﻼ ٌ‬
‫ث‬ ‫ﺻﻠَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٍر ‪-‬ر ِ‬ ‫‪ - ١٣١‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ ٌ ْ َُ‬
‫ﺴَﻼِم ﻟِْﻠَﻌﺎِﱂ"‪.‬‬‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹﻧْـَﻔﺎُق ِﻣَﻦ ا ِْﻹﻗْـﺘَﺎِر‪َ ،‬وﺑَْﺬُل اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ف ِﻣْﻦ ﻧَـْﻔِﺴ َ‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ُ‬‫َﻣْﻦ َﲨََﻌُﻬﱠﻦ َﲨََﻊ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن‪ :‬ا ِْﻹﻧْ َ‬
‫ﺻﻠَﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋﱠﻤﺎٍر ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻮﻟِِﻪ‪} :‬إِﱠ‪ُْƒ‬ﻢ َﻻ أَْﳝَﺎَن َﳍُْﻢ{‬ ‫‪ - ١٣٢‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ وِﻛﻴﻊ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳْﻔﻴﺎَن‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ أَِﰊ إِْﺳﺤﺎَق‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ ٌ ْ َُ‬
‫]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ [١٢ :‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ» :‬ﻻ َﻋْﻬَﺪ َﳍُْﻢ«‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪36‬‬

‫ﺴﺎٌن ِﰲ ﻗَـْﻠﺒِِﻪ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬

‫ﺼﻮٍر‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ إﺑْـَﺮاﻫﻴَﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻛﺎَن ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ» :‬ﻻ ﻳَْﺪُﺧُﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎَر إﻧْ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٣٣‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﺟِﺮﻳٌﺮ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬
‫ِﻣﺜْـَﻘﺎُل َﺣﺒﱠٍﺔ ِﻣْﻦ َﺧْﺮَدٍل ِﻣْﻦ إِﳝَﺎٍن«‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ي‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل ﷺ‪" :‬أَْوﺛَُﻖ ﻋَُﺮى ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪ :‬اْﳊُ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼْﻌِﻖ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣْﺰن اﻟْﺒَْﻜِﺮ ِّ‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٣٤‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َزﻳُْﺪ ﺑُْﻦ اْﳊُﺒَﺎ ِ‬
‫‪ ،k‬واﻟْﺒـْﻐﺾ ِﰲ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪"k‬‬ ‫ِﰲ ا ﱠ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺻٍﻢ‪َ ،‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَِﲏ َﻋِﺪ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ - ١٣٥‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑﻮ أُﺳﺎﻣﺔَ‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺟِﺮﻳِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ ﺣﺎِزٍم‪ ،‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛِّﲏ ِﻋﻴﺴﻰ ﺑْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ‬
‫ي‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ي ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﺪ ٍّ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ ََ ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺾ‪َ ،‬وَﺷَﺮاﺋُِﻊ‪َ ،‬وُﺣُﺪوٌد‪َ ،‬وُﺳﻨٌَﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤِﻦ اْﺳﺘَْﻜَﻤﻠََﻬﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﱄ ﻋَُﻤُﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﻟَْﻌِﺰﻳِﺰ‪" :‬أَﱠﻣﺎ ﺑَـْﻌُﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈﱠن ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن ﻓَـَﺮاﺋِ ُ‬ ‫ﺐ إِ َﱠ‬‫َﻛﺘَ َ‬
‫ﺴﺄُﺑَـﻴِّﻨُـَﻬﺎ ﻟَُﻜْﻢ َﺣﱠﱴ ﺗَـْﻌَﻤﻠُﻮا ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ‪َ ،‬وإِْن‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ ﻓَ َ‬‫اْﺳﺘَْﻜَﻤَﻞ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َﱂْ ﻳَْﺴﺘَْﻜِﻤْﻠَﻬﺎ َﱂْ ﻳَْﺴﺘَْﻜِﻤِﻞ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎَن‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن أَﻋ ْ‬
‫ﺺ "‪.‬‬‫ﺻْﺤﺒَﺘُِﻜْﻢ ِﲝَِﺮﻳ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓََﻤﺎ أََ‪َ 5‬ﻋﻠَﻰ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـْﺒَﻞ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫أََ‪ِ 5‬ﻣ ﱡ‬
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 ‫‪37‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﲔ‪ِ 5 ،‬ﻫَﺸﺎُم ﺑُْﻦ َﺳْﻌٍﺪ‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َزﻳِْﺪ ﺑِْﻦ أَْﺳﻠََﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻻﺑُﱠﺪ ِﻷَْﻫِﻞ َﻫَﺬا اﻟ ِّﺪﻳِﻦ‬ ‫ﻀﻞ ﺑُْﻦ ُدَﻛ ْ ٍ‬
‫‪َ - ١٣٦‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ اﻟَْﻔ ْ ُ‬
‫ﲔ أَﱠوُﳍُْﻢ َوآِﺧُﺮُﻫْﻢ‪َ ،‬وِ∞ْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼﺪﻳٌﻖ ِ∞ﱠ‪َ k‬واﻟُْﻤْﺮَﺳﻠ َ‬
‫ِﻣﻦ أَرﺑٍﻊ‪ُ :‬دُﺧﻮٌل ِﰲ َدْﻋﻮةِ ا ِْﻹﺳَﻼِم وَﻻﺑﱠﺪ ِﻣﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪ ،‬وﺗَ ِ‬
‫َ ْ‬ ‫ْ َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ َْ‬
‫ﻚ‪َ ،‬وَﻻﺑُﱠﺪ ِﻣْﻦ أَْن ﺗَـْﻌﻠََﻢ ِﻋْﻠًﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺼ ِّﺪُق ﺑِِﻪ إِﳝَﺎﻧَ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺚ ﺑَـْﻌَﺪ اﻟَْﻤْﻮت‪َ ،‬وَﻻﺑُﱠﺪ ﻣْﻦ أَْن ﺗَـْﻌَﻤَﻞ َﻋَﻤًﻼ‪ ،‬ﺗُ َ‬ ‫و∞ﻟﻨﱠﺎِر‪ ،‬و∞ﻟْﺒـْﻌ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺻﺎِﳊًﺎ ُﰒﱠ اْﻫﺘََﺪى{]ﻃﻪ‪."[٨٢ :‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴُﻦ ﺑِِﻪ َﻋَﻤﻠَ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب َوآَﻣَﻦ َوَﻋﻤَﻞ َ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَـَﺮأَ‪َ} :‬وإِِّﱐ ﻟَﻐَﱠﻔﺎٌر ﻟَﻤْﻦ َ‪َ Í‬‬ ‫ُﲢَ ّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﺷِﻘﻴٍﻖ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻣﺎ َﻛﺎﻧُﻮا ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن ﻟَﻌَﻤٍﻞ ﺗَـَﺮَﻛﻪُ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٣٧‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ َﻋْﺒُﺪ اْﻷَْﻋﻠَﻰ‪َ ،‬ﻋِﻦ اْﳉَُﺮﻳِْﺮ ِّ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةِ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﻛﺎﻧُﻮا ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن‪ :‬ﺗَـْﺮُﻛَﻬﺎ ُﻛْﻔٌﺮ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﲑ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫َرُﺟٌﻞ ُﻛْﻔٌﺮ ﻏَ ْ َ‬
‫ﺖ اﺑَْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد‬ ‫ﺖ َﺷِﻘﻴًﻘﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﺳﺄَﻟَﻪُ َرُﺟٌﻞ‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﲑةَ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ش‪َ ،‬ﻋْﻦ ُﻣﻐ َ‬ ‫‪َ - ١٣٨‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ﺑَْﻜِﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻴﱠﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ َﺷِﻬَﺪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٌﻦ ﻓَـْﻠﻴَْﺸَﻬْﺪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ِﰲ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪» :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ«‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ َﻻ‬ ‫ﺻٍﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗﻴَﻞ ﻷَِﰊ َواﺋٍِﻞ‪ :‬إِﱠن َ‪ً5‬ﺳﺎ ﻳَـْﺰﻋُُﻤﻮَن أَﱠن اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬ ‫ش‪َ ،‬ﻋﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ‬
‫‪َ - ١٣٩‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ أَﺑُﻮ ﺑَْﻜِﺮ ﺑُْﻦ َﻋﻴﱠﺎ ٍ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﲔ"‪.‬‬‫ﲑ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬ ‫ﻳَْﺪُﺧﻠُﻮَن اﻟﻨﱠﺎَر ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻟََﻌْﻤُﺮَك َواﱠ‪ k‬إﱠن َﺣْﺸُﻮَﻫﺎ ﻏَ ْ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻗَﺎَل أَﺑُﻮ ﺑَْﻜٍﺮ‪ :‬ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎُن ﻋْﻨَﺪَ‪ 5‬ﻗَـْﻮٌل َوَﻋَﻤٌﻞ‪َ ،‬وﻳَِﺰﻳُﺪ َوﻳَـ ْﻨـُﻘ ُ‬
‫ﺺ"‬
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 ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬

‫اﻷرﺑﻌﲔ اﻟﻨﻮوﻳﺔ‬
 ‫‪39‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫ﻣ ﺪ ﺧﻞ‬

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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪40‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻷول‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰﻌﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺺ ﻋُﻤﺮ ﺑِْﻦ اْﳋَﻄﱠﺎ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪" :‬إﱠﳕَﺎ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫ب َر َ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ أَِﰊ َﺣْﻔ ٍ َ َ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَﻣِﲑ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫‪َ k‬وَرُﺳﻮﻟِِﻪ‪،‬‬
‫‪ k‬ورﺳﻮﻟِِﻪ ﻓَِﻬﺠﺮﺗُﻪ إَﱃ ا ﱠِ‬
‫َْ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻫْﺠَﺮﺗُﻪُ إَﱃ ا ﱠ َ َ ُ‬
‫ت‪ ،‬وإِﱠﳕَﺎ ﻟُِﻜ ِﻞ اﻣِﺮٍئ ﻣﺎ ﻧَـﻮى‪ ،‬ﻓَﻤﻦ َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ ِ‬
‫َْ‬ ‫ّ ْ َ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫اْﻷَْﻋَﻤﺎُل ِ∞ﻟﻨّﻴﱠﺎ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ ِﻫْﺠﺮﺗُﻪُ ﻟُِﺪﻧْـﻴﺎ ﻳ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻴﺒُـَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬أَْو اْﻣَﺮأَة ﻳَـْﻨﻜُﺤَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﻬْﺠَﺮﺗُﻪُ إَﱃ َﻣﺎ َﻫﺎَﺟَﺮ إﻟَْﻴﻪ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ إَِﻣﺎَﻣﺎ اﻟُْﻤَﺤّﺪﺛِ َ‬
‫ﲔ أَﺑُﻮ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫َوَﻣْﻦ َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ َ‬
‫ﲔ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ ﺑُﻦ اْﳊَﱠﺠﺎج ﺑﻦ‬ ‫ﺴِْ‬ ‫ﲑة ﺑﻦ ﺑَـْﺮِدزﺑَﻪ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ي‪َ ،‬وأَﺑُﻮ اْﳊُ َ‬ ‫َﻋْﺒﺪ ﷲ ُﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ ﺑُﻦ إْﲰَﺎﻋﻴﻞ ﺑﻦ إﺑْـَﺮاﻫﻴﻢ ﺑﻦ اﻟُْﻤﻐ َ‬
‫ﺼﻨﱠـَﻔِﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ اﻟُْﻤ َ‬‫ﺻﱡﺢ اﻟُْﻜﺘُ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴَﺤْﻴِﻬَﻤﺎ" اﻟﻠﺬﻳِﻦ ُﳘَﺎ أَ َ‬
‫ي ِﰲ " ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺑُﻮِر ﱡ‬‫ي اﻟﻨﱠـْﻴ َ‬ ‫ُﻣْﺴِﻠﻢ اﻟُْﻘ َ‬
‫ﺸ ِْﲑ ﱡ‬
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 ‫‪41‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫ت ﻳَـْﻮٍم إْذ ﻃَﻠََﻊ َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ َرُﺟٌﻞ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ َذا َ‬ ‫ﻀﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺑـﻴـﻨَﻤﺎ َْﳓﻦ ﺟﻠُﻮس ِﻋْﻨَﺪ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َْ َ ُ ُ ٌ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﻳْ ً‬ ‫َﻋﻦ ﻋُﻤﺮ ر ِ‬
‫ْ ََ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺸْﻌِﺮ َﻻ ﻳُـَﺮى َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ أَﺛَـُﺮ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ب َﺷِﺪﻳُﺪ َﺳَﻮاِد اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ض اﻟﺜِّﻴَﺎ ِ‬ ‫َﺷِﺪﻳُﺪ ﺑَـﻴَﺎ ِ‬
‫ﱯ‬‫ﺲ إَﱃ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﺴَﻔِﺮ َوَﻻ ﻳَـْﻌِﺮﻓُﻪُ ﻣﻨﱠﺎ أََﺣٌﺪ َﺣﱠﱴ َﺟﻠَ َ‬
‫ﺿَﻊ َﻛﱠﻔْﻴِﻪ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻓَْﺨَﺬﻳِْﻪ َوﻗَﺎَل‪ُ òَ :‬ﳏَﱠﻤُﺪ أَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ َﻋْﻦ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل‬ ‫ﷺ ﻓَﺄَْﺳﻨََﺪ ُرْﻛﺒَـﺘَـْﻴِﻪ إَﱃ ُرْﻛﺒَـﺘَـْﻴِﻪ َوَو َ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬وﺗُِﻘﻴَﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬ا ِْﻹﺳَﻼم أَْن ﺗَْﺸﻬَﺪ أَْن َﻻ إﻟَﻪ إﱠﻻ اﱠ‪ k‬وأَﱠن ُﳏَﱠﻤًﺪا رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺼﻮَم‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪َ ،‬وﺗُـْﺆِﰐَ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ‪َ ،‬وﺗَ ُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ ُ‬
‫ﺼ ِّﺪﻗُﻪُ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗْﺖ‪ .‬ﻓَـَﻌﺠ ْﺒـﻨَﺎ ﻟَﻪُ ﻳَْﺴﺄَﻟُﻪُ َوﻳُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ إْن اْﺳﺘَﻄَْﻌﺖ إﻟَْﻴﻪ َﺳﺒِﻴًﻼ" ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬‬ ‫ﻀﺎَن‪َ ،‬وَﲢُﱠﺞ اﻟْﺒَـْﻴ َ‬ ‫َرَﻣ َ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬وَﻣَﻼﺋَِﻜﺘِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وُﻛﺘُﺒِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وُرُﺳِﻠِﻪ‪َ ،‬واﻟْﻴَـْﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ‪َ ،‬وﺗُـْﺆِﻣَﻦ ِ∞ﻟَْﻘَﺪِر َﺧ ِْﲑِﻩ َوَﺷ ِّﺮﻩِ"‬ ‫َﻋﻦ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَْن ﺗُـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞َ ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺴﺎِن‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَْن ﺗَـْﻌﺒَُﺪ اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻛﺄَﻧﱠﻚ ﺗَـَﺮاﻩُ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن َﱂْ ﺗَُﻜْﻦ ﺗَـَﺮاﻩُ ﻓَِﺈﻧﱠﻪُ ﻳَـَﺮاك"‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗْﺖ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَْﺧ ْﱪِﱐ َﻋْﻦ ا ِْﻹْﺣ َ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬‬
‫ﺴﺎﺋِِﻞ" ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ َﻋْﻦ أََﻣﺎَراِ‪َÒ‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎَﻋِﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻣﺎ اﻟَْﻤْﺴﺌُﻮُل َﻋ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ ِ‪َْ±‬ﻋﻠََﻢ ِﻣْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻓَﺄَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ َﻋْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺖ َﻣﻠِ̃ﻴﺎ‬ ‫"أَْن ﺗَِﻠَﺪ اْﻷَﻣﺔُ رﺑـﱠﺘـﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وأَْن ﺗَـﺮى اْﳊَﻔﺎةَ اﻟْﻌﺮاةَ اﻟْﻌﺎﻟَﺔَ ِرﻋﺎء اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺎء ﻳَـﺘَﻄَﺎَوﻟُﻮَن ِﰲ اﻟْﺒُـ ْﻨـﻴَﺎِن" ُﰒﱠ اﻧْﻄَﻠََﻖ ﻓَـﻠَﺒِﺜ ُ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ َ ُ َُ َ َ َ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬اﱠ‪َ ُk‬وَرُﺳﻮﻟُﻪُ أَْﻋﻠَُﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻓَِﺈﻧﱠﻪُ ِﺟ ِْﱪﻳُﻞ أََ‪ُÍ‬ﻛْﻢ ﻳُـَﻌﻠُِّﻤُﻜْﻢ ِدﻳﻨَُﻜْﻢ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎﺋُِﻞ؟" ﻗَـﻠَ ُ‬ ‫ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ òَ" :‬ﻋَُﻤُﺮ أَﺗَْﺪِري َﻣْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫َرَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪42‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‬
‫ﲏ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺑ‬ ‫"‬ ‫‪:‬‬‫ل‬‫ُ‬ ‫ﻮ‬ ‫ﻘ‬‫ُ‬ ‫ـ‬ ‫ﻳ‬ ‫ﷺ‬ ‫ﱯ‬
‫ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬‫ﱠ‬
‫ﻨ‬ ‫ﻟ‬ ‫ا‬ ‫ﺖ‬ ‫ﻌ‬ ‫ﲰ‬‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬‬ ‫برِ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤﺮ ﺑِْﻦ اْﳋَﻄﱠﺎ ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪِﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةِ‪َ ،‬وإِﻳﺘَﺎِء اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةِ‪َ ،‬وَﺣِّﺞ‬ ‫‪َ ،k‬وإِﻗَﺎِم اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ :‬ﺷﻬﺎَدةِ أَْن َﻻ إﻟَﻪ إﱠﻻ اﱠ‪ k‬وأَﱠن ُﳏَﱠﻤًﺪا رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼُم َﻋﻠَﻰ َﲬْ ٍ َ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‬
‫ﻀﺎَن"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ ،‬و ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻْﻮم َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫اﻟْﺒَـْﻴ َ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺣﱠﺪﺛَـﻨَﺎ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺼُﺪوُق‪" :‬إﱠن أََﺣَﺪُﻛْﻢ‬ ‫ﺼﺎِدُق اﻟَْﻤ ْ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ َوُﻫَﻮ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫َ َُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد َر ِ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﻚ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻳُـْﺮَﺳُﻞ‬ ‫ﻀﻐَﺔً ِﻣﺜُْﻞ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻳَُﻜﻮُن ُﻣ ْ‬ ‫ﲔ ﻳَـْﻮًﻣﺎ ﻧُﻄَْﻔﺔً‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻳَُﻜﻮُن َﻋﻠََﻘﺔً ِﻣﺜَْﻞ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬
‫ُْﳚَﻤُﻊ َﺧْﻠُﻘﻪُ ِﰲ ﺑَﻄِْﻦ أُّﻣﻪ أَْرﺑَﻌ َ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِرْزﻗِِﻪ وأَﺟﻠِِﻪ وَﻋﻤِﻠِﻪ وَﺷِﻘﱞﻲ أَو ﺳِﻌﻴٌﺪ ﻓَـﻮاَ ﱠِ‬ ‫ت‪ :‬ﺑَِﻜْﺘ ِ‬ ‫ﺦ ِﻓﻴِﻪ اﻟﱡﺮوح‪ ،‬وﻳـْﺆﻣﺮ ِ‪َ±‬رﺑِﻊ َﻛﻠِﻤﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻓَـﻴَـ ْﻨـُﻔ ُ‬‫إﻟَْﻴِﻪ اﻟَْﻤﻠَ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ َ َ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُ َ ُ َْ َ‬
‫ع ﻓَـﻴَْﺴﺒُِﻖ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ‬ ‫اﻟﱠِﺬي َﻻ إﻟَﻪَ ﻏَْﲑُﻩُ إﱠن أََﺣَﺪُﻛْﻢ ﻟَﻴَـْﻌَﻤُﻞ ﺑَِﻌَﻤِﻞ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ َﺣﱠﱴ َﻣﺎ ﻳَُﻜﻮُن ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَﻪُ َوﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـَﻬﺎ إﱠﻻ ِذَرا ٌ‬
‫ب ﻓَـﻴَـْﻌَﻤُﻞ ﺑَِﻌَﻤِﻞ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر ﻓَـﻴَْﺪُﺧﻠَُﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬وإِﱠن أََﺣَﺪُﻛْﻢ ﻟَﻴَـْﻌَﻤُﻞ ﺑَِﻌَﻤِﻞ أَْﻫِﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر َﺣﱠﱴ َﻣﺎ ﻳَُﻜﻮُن ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَﻪُ َوﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـَﻬﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ ُ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ب ﻓَـﻴَـْﻌَﻤُﻞ ﺑَِﻌَﻤِﻞ أَْﻫِﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠِﺔ ﻓَـﻴَْﺪُﺧﻠَُﻬﺎ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ع ﻓَـﻴَْﺴﺒُِﻖ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ ُ‬ ‫إﱠﻻ ِذَرا ٌ‬
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 ‫‪43‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﺎﻣﺲ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ ر ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ث ِﰲ أَْﻣِﺮَ‪َ 5‬ﻫَﺬا‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ" :‬ﻣْﻦ أَْﺣَﺪ َ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ ﻗَﺎﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ﲔ أُِّم َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋﺎﺋ َ َ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أُِّم اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫ﺲ ِﻣْﻨﻪُ ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ َردﱞ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫َﻣﺎ ﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺲ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ أَْﻣُﺮَ‪ 5‬ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ َردﱞ‪".‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ٍ ِ ٍِ‬
‫َوﰲ رَواﻳَﺔ ﻟُﻤْﺴﻠﻢ‪َ" :‬ﻣْﻦ َﻋﻤَﻞ َﻋَﻤًﻼ ﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎدس‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪" :‬إﱠن اْﳊََﻼَل ﺑَِّ ٌ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰﻌﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬اﻟﻨﱡـْﻌَﻤﺎن ﺑِْﻦ ﺑَﺸٍﲑ َر َ ُ ُ َ‬
‫س‪ ،‬ﻓَﻤﻦ اﺗﱠـَﻘﻰ اﻟ ﱡ ِ‬ ‫ت َﻻ ﻳـﻌﻠَﻤﻬﱠﻦ َﻛﺜِ ِ‬
‫ﱪأَ‬
‫ﺸﺒُـَﻬﺎت ﻓَـْﻘﺪ اْﺳﺘَ ْ َ‬ ‫ﲑ ﻣْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ َ ْ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ﲔ َوﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬَﻤﺎ أُُﻣﻮٌر ُﻣْﺸﺘَﺒَِﻬﺎ ٌ َ ْ ُ ُ‬ ‫َوإِﱠن اْﳊََﺮاَم ﺑَِّ ٌ‬
‫ﻚ أَْن ﻳَـْﺮﺗََﻊ ِﻓﻴِﻪ‪،‬‬‫ت َوﻗََﻊ ِﰲ اْﳊََﺮاِم‪َ ،‬ﻛﺎﻟﱠﺮاِﻋﻲ ﻳَـْﺮَﻋﻰ َﺣْﻮَل اْﳊَِﻤﻰ ﻳُﻮِﺷ ُ‬ ‫ﺸﺒـَﻬﺎ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﻪ َوﻋْﺮﺿﻪ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َوﻗََﻊ ِﰲ اﻟ ﱡ ُ‬
‫ﺴِﺪ ُﻣ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴُﺪ‬ ‫ﺻﻠََﺢ اْﳉَ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َ‬ ‫ﺻﻠََﺤ ْ‬‫ﻀﻐَﺔً إَذا َ‬ ‫أََﻻ َوإﱠن ﻟُﻜِّﻞ َﻣﻠﻚ ﲪًﻰ‪ ،‬أَﱠﻻ َوإﱠن ﲪَﻰ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﳏَﺎِرُﻣﻪُ‪ ،‬أَﱠﻻ َوإﱠن ِﰲ اْﳉَ َ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫ﺐ‪َ ".‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ت ﻓَﺴَﺪ اْﳉَ ﱡ‬
‫ﺴُﺪ ُﻛﻠﻪُ أََﻻ َوﻫَﻲ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﺴَﺪ ْ َ‬
‫ﱡ‬
‫ُﻛﻠﻪُ َوإَذا ﻓَ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪44‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺼﻴَﺤﺔُ" ﻗُـْﻠﻨَﺎ‪ :‬ﻟَِﻤْﻦ َ‪َ ò‬رُﺳﻮَل‬ ‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬اﻟ ِّﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﻨﱠ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﱠن اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬‫س اﻟﱠﺪاِر ِي ر ِ‬
‫َّ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُرﻗَـﻴﱠﺔَ َﲤِﻴِﻢ ﺑِْﻦ أَْو ٍ‬
‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬وَﻋﺎﱠﻣﺘِِﻬْﻢ‪َ ".‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﷲ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ " :‬ﱠ‪َ ،k‬وﻟﻜﺘَﺎﺑِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻟَﺮُﺳﻮﻟﻪ‪َ ،‬وِﻷَﺋِﱠﻤﺔ اﻟُْﻤْﺴﻠِﻤ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ‬
‫س َﺣﱠﱴ ﻳَْﺸَﻬُﺪوا أَْن َﻻ إﻟَﻪَ إﱠﻻ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ أَﱠن َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أُﻣْﺮت أَْن أُﻗَﺎﺗَﻞ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ َ‬
‫ﺼُﻤﻮا ِﻣِّﲏ ِدَﻣﺎﺋُﻬْﻢ َوأَْﻣَﻮاَﳍُْﻢ‬
‫ﻚ َﻋ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪َ ،‬وﻳُـْﺆﺗُﻮا اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ؛ ﻓَِﺈَذا ﻓَـَﻌﻠُﻮا َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫اﱠ‪ k‬وأَﱠن ُﳏَﱠﻤًﺪا رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ ،k‬وﻳُِﻘﻴُﻤﻮا اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫إﱠﻻ ِﲝِّﻖ ا ِْﻹﺳَﻼِم وِﺣﺴﺎُ‪Ø‬ﻢ َﻋﻠَﻰ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ْ َ َ ُْ‬ ‫َ‬
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 ‫‪45‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫﺮﻳْـﺮةَ َﻋْﺒِﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ﺑِْﻦ ﺻْﺨٍﺮ ر ِ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰْﻌﺖ َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ" :‬ﻣﺎ َ‪َْƒ‬ﻴـﺘُُﻜْﻢ َﻋْﻨﻪُ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺴﺎﺋِﻠِِﻬْﻢ َواْﺧﺘَِﻼﻓُـُﻬْﻢ‬ ‫ﻓَﺎﺟﺘﻨِﺒﻮﻩُ وﻣﺎ أَﻣﺮﺗُُﻜﻢ ﺑِِﻪ ﻓَﺄْﺗُﻮا ِﻣْﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ اﺳﺘﻄَﻌﺘﻢ؛ ﻓَِﺈﱠﳕَﺎ أَْﻫﻠَ َ ﱠ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟﺬﻳَﻦ ﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒﻠُﻜْﻢ َﻛﺜْـَﺮةُ َﻣ َ‬ ‫ُ َ ْ َ ُْ ْ‬ ‫َْ ُ ََ َْ ْ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫َﻋﻠَﻰ أَﻧْﺒِﻴَﺎﺋِِﻬْﻢ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﻌﺎﺷﺮ‬
‫ﺐ َﻻ ﻳَـْﻘﺒَُﻞ إﱠﻻ ﻃَﻴِّﺒًﺎ َوإِﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬أََﻣَﺮ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻃَﻴِّ ٌ‬
‫ﺻﺎِﳊًﺎ ﴾‪َ ،‬وﻗَﺎَل ﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ òَ ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﱡﺮُﺳُﻞ ُﻛﻠُﻮا ﻣْﻦ اﻟﻄﱠﻴِّﺒَﺎت َواْﻋَﻤﻠُﻮا َ‬ ‫ﲔ ِﲟَﺎ أََﻣَﺮ ﺑِﻪ اﻟُْﻤْﺮَﺳﻠ َ‬ ‫اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ﱪ‪َ ،‬ﳝُﱡﺪ ﻳََﺪﻳِْﻪ‬ ‫ت َﻣﺎ َرَزﻗْـﻨَﺎُﻛْﻢ ﴾ ُﰒﱠ ذََﻛَﺮ اﻟﱠﺮُﺟَﻞ ﻳُِﻄﻴُﻞ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫﴿ ‪ ò‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳﻦ آﻣﻨُﻮا ُﻛﻠُﻮا ِﻣﻦ ﻃَﻴِﺒﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺚ أَْﻏ ََ‬
‫ﺴَﻔَﺮ أَْﺷَﻌ َ‬ ‫ْ َّ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫إَﱃ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ب‬‫ي ِ∞ْﳊََﺮاِم‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَﱠﱏ ﻳُْﺴﺘََﺠﺎ ُ‬ ‫ﺴﻪُ َﺣَﺮاٌم‪َ ،‬وﻏُﺬ َ‬ ‫ب‪َ ،‬وَﻣﻄَْﻌُﻤﻪُ َﺣَﺮاٌم‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﺸَﺮﺑُﻪُ َﺣَﺮاٌم‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻠﺒَ ُ‬ ‫ب َ‪َ ò‬ر ِّ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎء‪َ òَ :‬ر ِّ‬
‫ﻟﺬﻟﻚ؟"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪46‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳊﺎدي ﻋﺸﺮ‬

‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺣِﻔﻈْﺖ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ورْﳛَﺎﻧَﺘِِﻪ ر ِ‬ ‫ﺐ ِﺳﺒِﻂ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫ﺴِﻦ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻠِّﻲ ﺑِْﻦ أَِﰊ ﻃَﺎﻟ ٍ ْ َ ُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ اْﳊَ َ‬
‫ي‪َ :‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ‬ ‫ي َواﻟﻨﱠَﺴﺎﺋِّﻲ َوﻗَﺎَل اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ع َﻣﺎ ﻳُِﺮﻳﺒُﻚ إَﱃ َﻣﺎ َﻻ ﻳُِﺮﻳﺒُﻚ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ" :‬د ْ‬ ‫ِﻣﻦ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َُ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬ ‫َ ٌَ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪ِ" :‬ﻣْﻦ ُﺣْﺴِﻦ إْﺳَﻼِم اﻟَْﻤْﺮِء ﺗَـْﺮُﻛﻪُ َﻣﺎ َﻻ ﻳَـْﻌﻨِﻴِﻪ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ ُ‬
‫ي وﻏﲑﻩ ﻫﻜﺬا ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴٌﻦ‪ ،‬وَرَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬‫َﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
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 ‫‪47‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻻ ﻳُـْﺆِﻣُﻦ أََﺣُﺪُﻛْﻢ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ َﺧﺎِدِم رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ٍِ ِ‬
‫ﺲ ﺑِْﻦ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ َر َ ُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﲪَْﺰةَ أَﻧَ ِ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺐ ِﻷَِﺧﻴِﻪ َﻣﺎ ُِﳛ ﱡ‬
‫ﺐ ﻟِﻨَـْﻔِﺴِﻪ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫َﺣﱠﱴ ُِﳛ ﱠ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪َ" :‬ﻻ َِﳛﻞﱡ َدُم اْﻣِﺮٍئ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٍﻢ ﻳَْﺸَﻬُﺪ أَْن َﻻ إﻟَﻪَ إِﻻﱠ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﺴُﻌﻮٍد َر ِ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬واﻟﺘﱠﺎِرُك ﻟِِﺪﻳﻨِِﻪ اﻟُْﻤَﻔﺎِرُق ﻟِْﻠَﺠَﻤﺎَﻋِﺔ"‪.‬‬ ‫ﺲ ِ∞ﻟﻨﱠـْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ث‪ :‬اﻟﺜﱠـﻴِّ ُ ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﱠﺰاﱐ‪َ ،‬واﻟﻨﱠـْﻔ ُ‬
‫ﷲ‪ ،‬إﱠﻻ ِ˛ِْﺣَﺪى ﺛََﻼ ٍ‬ ‫ﷲ‪ ،‬وأِﱐ رﺳﻮُل ِ‬
‫َ ّ َُ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫َرَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪48‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﺎﻣﺲ ﻋﺸﺮ‬

‫‪َ k‬واﻟْﻴَـْﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ ﻓَـْﻠﻴَـُﻘْﻞ َﺧ ْ ًﲑا أَْو‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻣﻦ َﻛﺎَن ﻳـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞َ ﱠِ‬
‫ُ ُ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﱠن رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ ُ‬
‫‪َ k‬واﻟْﻴَـْﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ ﻓَـْﻠﻴُْﻜِﺮْم‬
‫‪ k‬واﻟْﻴـﻮِم اْﻵِﺧِﺮ ﻓَـْﻠﻴْﻜِﺮم ﺟﺎرﻩُ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ َﻛﺎَن ﻳـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞َ ﱠِ‬
‫ُ ُ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ َ ََ ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َﻛﺎَن ﻳُـْﺆﻣُﻦ ِ∞َ ﱠ َ َ ْ‬ ‫ﺼُﻤ ْ‬ ‫ﻟﻴَ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ ‪.‬‬‫ﺿ ْﻴـَﻔﻪُ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬
‫َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎدس ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺐ" ﻓَـَﺮﱠدَد ِﻣَﺮاًرا‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻻَ‬ ‫ﻀ ْ‬ ‫ﺻِﲏ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻻَ ﺗَـْﻐ َ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَْن رﺟًﻼ ﻗَﺎَل ﻟِﻠﻨﱠِ ِﱯ ﷺ‪ :‬أَو ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ ُ‬
‫ي‪.‬‬‫ﺐ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬‫ﻀ ْ‬ ‫ﺗَـْﻐ َ‬
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 ‫‪49‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻳـْﻌﻠَﻰ َﺷﱠﺪاِد ﺑِْﻦ أَو ٍ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎَن َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﻛ ِﻞّ‬ ‫ﺐ ا ِْﻹْﺣ َ‬ ‫س َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ َﻋْﻦ َرُﺳﻮل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻛﺘَ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫َﺷْﻲٍء‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈَذا ﻗَـﺘَـْﻠﺘُْﻢ ﻓَﺄَْﺣِﺴﻨُﻮا اﻟِْﻘ ْﺘـﻠَﺔَ‪َ ،‬وإَِذا َذ َْﲝﺘُْﻢ ﻓَﺄَْﺣِﺴﻨُﻮا اﻟ ِّﺬْﲝَﺔَ‪َ ،‬وﻟْﻴُِﺤﱠﺪ أََﺣَﺪُﻛْﻢ َﺷْﻔَﺮﺗَﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻟْ ُِﲑْح َذﺑِﻴَﺤﺘَﻪُ"‪.‬‬
‫َرَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ ﻋﺸﺮ‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻤﺎ َﻋﻦ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َذٍّر ُﺟْﻨَﺪ ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ب ﺑِْﻦ ُﺟﻨَﺎَدةَ َوأَِﰊ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎذ ﺑِْﻦ َﺟﺒٍَﻞ َر َ ُ ُ َ ْ َ ُ‬
‫ي‪َ ،‬وﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺴٍﻦ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺴﻴِﺌَﺔَ اْﳊﺴﻨَﺔَ َﲤْﺤَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وَﺧﺎﻟِْﻖ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س ﲞُﻠٍُﻖ َﺣ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫"اﺗﱠِﻖ اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﺣ ْﻴـﺜَُﻤﺎ ُﻛْﻨﺖ‪َ ،‬وأَﺗْﺒْﻊ اﻟ ﱠ ّ َ َ ُ َ‬
‫ﺾ اﻟﻨﱡﺴِﺦ‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬ ‫َﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬ ‫ﺴﻦ‪َ .‬وِﰲ ﺑَـْﻌ ِ َ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪50‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ‬

‫ﻒ رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ ِ‬ ‫س َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـْﻮًﻣﺎ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪òَ" :‬‬ ‫س َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪ُ" :‬ﻛْﻨﺖ َﺧْﻠ َ َ ُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟﻌﺒﱠﺎ ِ ْ‬
‫ﻆ اﱠ‪َِ َk‬ﲡْﺪﻩُ ُﲡَﺎَﻫﻚ‪ ،‬إَذا َﺳﺄَﻟْﺖ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺄَْل اﱠ‪َ ،َk‬وإَِذا‬ ‫ﻆ اﱠ‪َْ َk‬ﳛَﻔﻈْﻚ‪ ،‬اْﺣَﻔ ْ‬ ‫ت‪ :‬اْﺣَﻔ ْ‬ ‫ﻏَُﻼم إِّﱐ أَُﻋ ِﻠّﻤﻚ َﻛﻠِﻤﺎ ٍ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺸﻲٍء َﱂ ﻳـ ْﻨـَﻔﻌﻮك إﱠﻻ ﺑِ َ ٍ‬ ‫اﺳﺘـﻌْﻨﺖ ﻓَﺎﺳﺘِﻌﻦ ِ∞َ ﱠِ‬
‫ﺸْﻲء ﻗَْﺪ َﻛﺘَـﺒَﻪُ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻰ أَْن ﻳَـ ْﻨـَﻔُﻌﻮك ﺑِ َ ْ ْ َ ُ‬ ‫‪َ ،k‬واْﻋﻠَْﻢ أَﱠن اْﻷُﱠﻣﺔَ ﻟَْﻮ اْﺟﺘََﻤَﻌ ْ‬ ‫َْ ْ‬ ‫ََْ‬
‫ﺖ اْﻷَﻗَْﻼُم‪،‬‬ ‫ﺸْﻲٍء ﻗَْﺪ َﻛﺘَـﺒَﻪُ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَْﻴﻚ؛ ُرﻓَِﻌ ْ‬
‫ﻀﱡﺮوك إﱠﻻ ﺑِ َ‬ ‫اﱠ‪ k‬ﻟَﻚ‪ ،‬وإِْن اﺟﺘﻤﻌﻮا ﻋﻠَﻰ أَْن ﻳﻀﱡﺮوك ﺑِ َ ٍ‬
‫ﺸْﻲء َﱂْ ﻳَ ُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ ََْ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ي َوﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﻳ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﻒ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺼُﺤ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ اﻟ ﱡ‬ ‫َوَﺟﱠﻔ ْ‬
‫ﺸﱠﺪةِ‪َ ،‬واْﻋﻠَْﻢ أَﱠن‬ ‫‪ِ k‬ﰲ اﻟﱠﺮَﺧﺎِء ﻳَـْﻌِﺮﻓُﻚ ِﰲ اﻟ ِّ‬ ‫ف إَﱃ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ي‪" :‬اْﺣَﻔْﻆ اﱠ‪َِ َk‬ﲡْﺪﻩُ أﻣﺎﻣﻚ‪ ،‬ﺗَـَﻌﱠﺮ ْ‬ ‫ِِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َوِﰲ ِرَواﻳَﺔ ﻏَ ِْﲑ اﻟ ّْﱰﻣﺬ ِّ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ج َﻣَﻊ‬ ‫ﺼ ِْﱪ‪َ ،‬وأَْن اﻟَْﻔَﺮ َ‬
‫ﺼَﺮ َﻣَﻊ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ﺻﺎﺑَﻚ َﱂْ ﻳَُﻜْﻦ ﻟﻴُْﺨﻄﺌَﻚ‪َ ،‬واْﻋﻠَْﻢ أَﱠن اﻟﻨﱠ ْ‬ ‫َﻣﺎ أَْﺧﻄَﺄَك َﱂْ ﻳَُﻜْﻦ ﻟﻴُﺼﻴﺒَﻚ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ أَ َ‬
‫ب‪َ ،‬وأَﱠن َﻣَﻊ اﻟُْﻌْﺴِﺮ ﻳُْﺴًﺮا‪".‬‬ ‫اﻟَْﻜْﺮ ِ‬
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 ‫‪51‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ "إﱠن ِﳑﱠﺎ أَْدَرَك‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ‬
‫َﻋﻦ اﺑِْﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮٍد ﻋُْﻘﺒﺔَ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو اْﻷَﻧْﺼﺎِر ِي اﻟْﺒْﺪِر ِ ِ‬
‫َ ّ َ ّ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ُْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺻﻨَْﻊ َﻣﺎ ِﺷْﺌﺖ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫ي‪.‬‬ ‫س ﻣْﻦ َﻛَﻼِم اﻟﻨﱡـﺒُـﱠﻮة اْﻷُوَﱃ إَذا َﱂْ ﺗَْﺴﺘَِﺢ ﻓَﺎ ْ‬
‫ُ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳊﺎدي واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫‪ :k‬ﻗُْﻞ ِﱄ ِﰲ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻗُـْﻠﺖ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َ َُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋْﻤٍﺮو َوﻗﻴَﻞ‪ :‬أَِﰊ َﻋْﻤَﺮةَ ُﺳْﻔﻴَﺎَن ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪َ k‬ر َ ُ‬
‫‪ُ k‬ﰒﱠ اْﺳﺘَِﻘْﻢ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ا ِْﻹﺳَﻼِم ﻗَـﻮًﻻ َﻻ أَﺳﺄَُل َﻋْﻨﻪ أَﺣًﺪا ﻏَْﲑك؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُﻞ‪ :‬آﻣْﻨﺖ ِ∞َ ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪52‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬

‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﱠن رﺟًﻼ ﺳﺄََل رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫‪ k‬اْﻷَﻧْﺼﺎِر ِ ِ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺟﺎﺑِِﺮ ﺑِﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬أََرأَﻳْﺖ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ ُ َ ُ َ َ ُ‬ ‫َ ّ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻋْﺒﺪ ا ﱠ َ ْ ْ‬
‫ﻚ َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ؛‬ ‫ﺖ اْﳊََﺮاَم‪َ ،‬وَﱂْ أَِزْد َﻋﻠَﻰ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺖ اْﳊََﻼَل‪َ ،‬وَﺣﱠﺮْﻣ ُ‬‫ﻀﺎَن‪َ ،‬وأَْﺣﻠَْﻠ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫ﺻْﻤ ُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ اﻟَْﻤْﻜﺘُﻮَ∞ت‪َ ،‬و ُ‬ ‫ﺻﻠﱠْﻴ ُ‬
‫إَذا َ‬
‫أَأَْدُﺧُﻞ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬اﻟﻄﱡُﻬﻮُر َﺷﻄُْﺮ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن‪،‬‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺻٍﻢ اْﻷَْﺷﻌِﺮ ِ ِ‬ ‫ث ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺎ ِ‬ ‫ٍِ‬
‫ﻚ اْﳊﺎِر ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ‬ ‫َ ّ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َﻣﺎﻟ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةُ ﻧُﻮٌر‪،‬‬ ‫ض‪َ ،‬واﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎِء َواْﻷَْر ِ‬ ‫ﲔ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫َواْﳊَْﻤُﺪ ﱠ‪َ k‬ﲤَْﻸُ اﻟِْﻤﻴَﺰاَن‪َ ،‬وُﺳْﺒَﺤﺎَن اﱠ‪َ k‬واْﳊَْﻤُﺪ ﱠ‪َ k‬ﲤَْﻶِن ‪-‬أَْو َﲤْﻸُ‪َ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺑَْ َ‬
‫ﺴﻪُ ﻓَُﻤْﻌﺘُِﻘَﻬﺎ أَْو‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺿﻴَﺎءٌ‪َ ،‬واﻟُْﻘْﺮآُن ُﺣﱠﺠﺔٌ ﻟَﻚ أَْو َﻋﻠَْﻴﻚ‪ُ ،‬ﻛﻞﱡ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س ﻳَـْﻐُﺪو ﻓَـﺒَﺎﺋٌﻊ ﻧَـْﻔ َ‬
‫ﺼْﱪ ِ‬
‫ﺼَﺪﻗَﺔُ ﺑُـْﺮَﻫﺎٌن‪َ ،‬واﻟ ﱠ ُ‬‫َواﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ُﻣﻮﺑُِﻘَﻬﺎ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪53‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ِﻓﻴَﻤﺎ ﻳَـْﺮِوﻳِﻪ َﻋْﻦ َرﺑِِّﻪ ﺗَـﺒَﺎَرَك َوﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ‪ ،‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻗَﺎَل‪ِ òَ" :‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ َذ ٍر اﻟِْﻐَﻔﺎِر ِ ِ‬
‫ي َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺿﺎﱞل إﱠﻻ َﻣْﻦ َﻫَﺪﻳْـﺘُﻪُ‬ ‫إِّﱐ َﺣﱠﺮْﻣﺖ اﻟﻈﱡْﻠَﻢ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻧَـْﻔِﺴﻲ َوَﺟَﻌْﻠﺘﻪ ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَُﻜْﻢ ُﳏَﱠﺮًﻣﺎ ﻓََﻼ ﺗَﻈَﺎﻟَُﻤﻮا‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي ُﻛﻠﱡُﻜْﻢ َ‬
‫ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَـْﻬُﺪوِﱐ أَْﻫِﺪُﻛْﻢ‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي ُﻛﻠﱡُﻜْﻢ َﺟﺎﺋٌِﻊ إﱠﻻ َﻣْﻦ أَﻃَْﻌْﻤﺘﻪ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَﻄِْﻌُﻤﻮِﱐ أُﻃِْﻌْﻤُﻜْﻢ‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي ُﻛﻠﱡُﻜْﻢ َﻋﺎٍر‬
‫ﲨﻴًﻌﺎ‬ ‫إﱠﻻ ﻣﻦ َﻛﺴﻮﺗﻪ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَْﻜﺴﻮِﱐ أَْﻛﺴُﻜﻢ‪ِ ò ،‬ﻋﺒﺎِدي إﻧﱠُﻜﻢ ُﲣِْﻄﺌُﻮَن ِ∞ﻟﻠﱠْﻴِﻞ واﻟﻨﱠـَﻬﺎِر وأََ‪ 5‬أَْﻏِﻔﺮ اﻟﱡﺬﻧُﻮب َِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ ْ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ ْ َْ‬
‫ﻀﱡﺮوِﱐ َوﻟَْﻦ ﺗَـ ْﺒـﻠُﻐُﻮا ﻧَـْﻔِﻌﻲ ﻓَـﺘَـ ْﻨـَﻔﻌُﻮِﱐ‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي‬ ‫ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَـْﻐِﻔُﺮوِﱐ أَْﻏِﻔْﺮ ﻟَُﻜْﻢ‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي إﻧﱠُﻜْﻢ ﻟَْﻦ ﺗَـ ْﺒـﻠُﻐُﻮا ُ‬
‫ﺿ ِّﺮي ﻓَـﺘَ ُ‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ ُﻣْﻠِﻜﻲ‬ ‫ﺐ َرُﺟٍﻞ َواِﺣٍﺪ ِﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ َﻣﺎ َزاَد َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺴُﻜْﻢ َوِﺟﻨﱠُﻜْﻢ َﻛﺎﻧُﻮا َﻋﻠَﻰ أَﺗْـَﻘﻰ ﻗَـْﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻟَْﻮ أَﱠن أَﱠوﻟَُﻜْﻢ َوآﺧَﺮُﻛْﻢ َوإﻧْ َ‬
‫ٍِِ‬ ‫ﺴُﻜْﻢ َوِﺟﻨﱠُﻜْﻢ َﻛﺎﻧُﻮا َﻋﻠَﻰ أَﻓَْﺠِﺮ ﻗَـْﻠ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺺ‬‫ﺐ َرُﺟٍﻞ َواﺣﺪ ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ َﻣﺎ ﻧَـَﻘ َ‬ ‫َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ‪ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎدي ﻟَْﻮ أَﱠن أَﱠوﻟَُﻜْﻢ َوآﺧَﺮُﻛْﻢ َوإﻧْ َ‬
‫ﺴﺄَﻟُﻮِﱐ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﻣﻦ ﻣْﻠِﻜﻲ َﺷﻴـﺌًﺎ‪ِ ò ،‬ﻋﺒﺎِدي ﻟَﻮ أَﱠن أَﱠوﻟَُﻜﻢ وآِﺧﺮُﻛﻢ وإِﻧْﺴُﻜﻢ وِﺟﻨﱠُﻜﻢ ﻗَﺎﻣﻮا ِﰲ ِ ٍ ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﻌﻴﺪ َواﺣﺪ ﻓَ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َْ َ َْ َ َْ ْ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ َ‬ ‫َذﻟ َ ْ ُ‬
‫ﻂ إَذا أُْدِﺧَﻞ اﻟْﺒَْﺤَﺮ‪ِ òَ ،‬ﻋﺒَﺎِدي‬ ‫ﺺ اﻟِْﻤْﺨﻴَ ُ‬ ‫ﻓَﺄَْﻋﻄَﻴﺖ ُﻛﻞﱠ واِﺣٍﺪ ﻣﺴﺄَﻟَﺘﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻧَـَﻘﺺ َذﻟِ َ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ﳑﱠﺎ ﻋْﻨﺪي إﱠﻻ َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻳَـ ْﻨـُﻘ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َْ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓََﻼ‬ ‫ﲑ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫إﳕَﺎ ﻫَﻲ أَْﻋَﻤﺎﻟُُﻜْﻢ أُْﺣﺼﻴَﻬﺎ ﻟَُﻜْﻢ ُﰒﱠ أَُوﻓّﻴُﻜْﻢ إﱠ‪َò‬ﻫﺎ؛ ﻓََﻤْﻦ َوَﺟَﺪ َﺧ ْ ًﲑا ﻓَـْﻠﻴَْﺤَﻤْﺪ اﱠ‪َ َk‬وَﻣْﻦ َوَﺟَﺪ ﻏَ ْ َ‬
‫ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻪُ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻳَـﻠُﻮَﻣﻦ إﱠﻻ ﻧَـْﻔ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪54‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﺎﻣﺲ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬

‫ِ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا ﻟِﻠﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ب رﺳﻮِل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ َذ ٍر ر ِ‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ﱯ ﷺ َ‪َ ò‬رُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪َ :k‬ذَﻫ َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺤﺎ ِ َ ُ‬ ‫ﻀﺎ أَﱠن أَُ‪ً5‬ﺳﺎ ﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﻳْ ً‬ ‫َّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻀﻮِل أَْﻣَﻮاِﳍِْﻢ‪ .‬ﻗَﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﺼﱠﺪﻗُﻮَن ﺑُِﻔ ُ‬ ‫ﺼﻮُم‪َ ،‬وﻳَـﺘَ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻮُﻣﻮَن َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻧَ ُ‬ ‫ﺼﻠّﻲ‪َ ،‬وﻳَ ُ‬
‫أَْﻫﻞ اﻟﱡﺪﺛُﻮِر ِ∞ْﻷُﺟﻮِر‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻠﱡﻮَن َﻛﻤﺎ ﻧُ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬ ‫ُ َُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺼﱠﺪﻗُﻮَن ﺑﻪ؟ إﱠن ﺑُِﻜ ِﻞ ﺗَﺴﺒِﻴﺤٍﺔ ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔً‪ ،‬وُﻛ ِﻞ ﺗَْﻜﺒِﲑةٍ ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔً‪ ،‬وُﻛ ِﻞ َﲢِْﻤﻴَﺪةٍ‬ ‫ﺲ ﻗَْﺪ َﺟَﻌَﻞ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻟَُﻜْﻢ َﻣﺎ ﺗَ ﱠ‬
‫َ ّ‬ ‫َ ّ َ َ‬ ‫ّ ْ َ َ‬ ‫"أََوﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ ٍ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ"‪.‬‬‫ﻀِﻊ أََﺣﺪُﻛْﻢ َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وِﰲ ﺑُ ْ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وَ‪ٌْƒ‬ﻲ َﻋْﻦ ُﻣْﻨَﻜٍﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔً‪َ ،‬وأَْﻣٌﺮ ِﲟَْﻌُﺮوف َ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔً‪َ ،‬وُﻛ ِﻞّ َ‪ْÒ‬ﻠﻴﻠَﺔ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺿَﻌَﻬﺎ ِﰲ َﺣَﺮاٍم أََﻛﺎَن َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ‬‫‪ k‬أََ‪ِْÔ‬ﰐ أََﺣُﺪَ‪َ 5‬ﺷْﻬَﻮﺗَﻪُ َوﻳَُﻜﻮُن ﻟَﻪُ ِﻓﻴَﻬﺎ أَْﺟٌﺮ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أََرأَﻳْـﺘُْﻢ ﻟَْﻮ َو َ‬‫ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ َُ‬
‫ﺿَﻌَﻬﺎ ِﰲ اْﳊََﻼِل َﻛﺎَن ﻟَﻪُ أَْﺟٌﺮ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ إَذا َو َ‬ ‫ِوْزٌر؟ ﻓََﻜَﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎدس واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ ُﻛﻞﱠ ﻳَـْﻮٍم ﺗَﻄْﻠُُﻊ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪ُ" :‬ﻛﻞﱡ ﺳَﻼﻣﻰ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫س َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ َ‬ ‫ُ َ ْ‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ ُ‬
‫ﲔ اﻟﱠﺮُﺟَﻞ ِﰲ َداﺑﱠﺘِِﻪ ﻓَـﺘَْﺤِﻤﻠُﻪُ َﻋﻠَْﻴـَﻬﺎ أَْو ﺗَـْﺮﻓَُﻊ ﻟَﻪُ َﻋﻠَْﻴـَﻬﺎ َﻣﺘَﺎَﻋﻪُ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وﺗُﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ اﺛْـﻨَ ْ ِ‬
‫ﲔ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺲ‪ :‬ﺗَـْﻌﺪُل ﺑَْ َ‬‫ﺸْﻤ ُ‬ ‫ِﻓﻴِﻪ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪َ ،‬وُﲤِﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪ ،‬واﻟَْﻜﻠِﻤﺔُ اﻟﻄﱠﻴِﺒﺔُ ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ‪ ،‬وﺑُِﻜ ِﻞ ُﺧﻄْﻮةٍ َﲤِْﺸﻴﻬﺎ إَﱃ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔٌ"‪.‬‬‫ﻂ اْﻷََذى َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻄﱠِﺮﻳِﻖ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼة َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ّ َ‬ ‫َ َ َّ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬
‫َرَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬
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 ‫‪55‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬اﻟِْ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻْﺪِرك‪،‬‬ ‫ﱪ ُﺣْﺴُﻦ اْﳋُﻠُِﻖ‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹْﰒُ َﻣﺎ َﺣﺎَك ِﰲ َ‬ ‫س ﺑِْﻦ َﲰَْﻌﺎَن َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠـﱠﻮا ِ‬
‫س" َرَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠِ‬
‫َوَﻛِﺮْﻫﺖ أَْن ﻳَﻄﻠَﻊ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ِ" :‬ﺟْﺌ َ‬ ‫وَﻋﻦ واﺑِﺼﺔَ ﺑِﻦ ﻣﻌﺒٍﺪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أَﺗَـﻴﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﺖ‪ :‬ﻧَـَﻌْﻢ‪ .‬ﻓَﻘﺎَل‪:‬‬ ‫ﱪ واﻹِﰒ؟ ﻗُـْﻠ ُ‬‫ﺖ ﺗَْﺴﺄَُل َﻋْﻦ اﻟِْ ِّ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﱪ ﻣﺎ اﻃْﻤﺄَﻧﱠ ْ ِ‬ ‫"اﺳﺘﻔ ِ‬
‫ﺲ َوﺗَـَﺮﱠدَد ِﰲ‬
‫ﺐ‪َ ،‬وا ِْﻹْﰒُ َﻣﺎ َﺣﺎَك ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠـْﻔ ِ‬ ‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬واﻃَْﻤﺄَﱠن إﻟَْﻴﻪ اﻟَْﻘْﻠ ُ‬ ‫ﺖ إﻟَْﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﱠـْﻔ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ‪ ،‬اﻟِْ ﱡ َ َ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻗَـﻠَﺒَ َ‬
‫ﺴٌﻦ َرَوﻳْـﻨَﺎﻩُ ﰲ ُﻣْﺴﻨََﺪي ا ِْﻹَﻣﺎم أَْﲪََﺪ ﺑِْﻦ َﺣ ْﻨـﺒٍَﻞ َواﻟﱠﺪاِرِﻣّﻲ‬ ‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬ ‫س َوأَﻓْـﺘَـْﻮك"‪َ .‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺼْﺪِر َوإْن أَﻓْـﺘَﺎَك اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫ﺴٍﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ِِ ٍ‬
‫˛ْﺳﻨَﺎد َﺣ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪56‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬

‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻣﻮِﻋﻈَﺔً وِﺟﻠَ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬وَﻋﻈَﻨَﺎ رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ َِﳒﻴٍﺢ اﻟِْﻌْﺮَ∞ ِ‬
‫ب‬‫ﺖ ﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻘﻠُﻮ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َْ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ض ﺑِْﻦ َﺳﺎِرﻳَﺔَ َر َ ُ‬
‫ﺻﻴُﻜﻢ ﺑِﺘـْﻘﻮى ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫وَذرﻓَ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺴْﻤِﻊ‬ ‫‪َ ،k‬واﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻌﻴُﻮُن‪ ،‬ﻓَـُﻘْﻠﻨَﺎ‪َ òَ :‬رُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻛﺄَ‪َƒ‬ﺎ َﻣْﻮﻋﻈَﺔُ ُﻣَﻮّدٍع ﻓَﺄَْوﺻﻨَﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أُو ْ َ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ﺴﻨﱠِﱵ َوُﺳﻨﱠِﺔ اْﳋُﻠََﻔﺎِء‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲑى اْﺧﺘَﻼﻓًﺎ َﻛﺜًﲑا؛ ﻓَـَﻌﻠَْﻴُﻜْﻢ ﺑ ُ‬ ‫ﺴ ََ‬
‫واﻟﻄﱠﺎﻋِﺔ وإِْن َ‪َÛ‬ﱠﻣﺮ ﻋﻠَﻴُﻜﻢ ﻋﺒٌﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈﻧﱠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻳِﻌ ِ‬
‫ﺶ ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ ﻓَ َ‬
‫ُ َْ َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ ْ ْ َْ‬ ‫َ َ َ‬
‫ت اْﻷُُﻣﻮِر ﻓﺈﱠن ﻛﻞﱠ ﳏَﺪﺛٍﺔ ﺑﺪﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وُﻛﻞﱠ ﺑِْﺪَﻋٍﺔ‬ ‫ﻀﻮا َﻋﻠَْﻴـَﻬﺎ ِ∞ﻟﻨﱠـﻮاِﺟِﺬ وإِﱠ‪ُò‬ﻛﻢ وُﳏَْﺪَ√ ِ‬
‫َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬ﻋ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫اﻟﱠﺮاﺷﺪﻳَﻦ اﻟَْﻤْﻬﺪﻳ َ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ي َوﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﻳ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﺿَﻼﻟَﺔٌ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ أَﺑُﻮ َداُوَد َواَﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬
‫َ‬
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 ‫‪57‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ واﻟﻌﺸﺮون‬
‫‪ k‬أَْﺧِ ْﱪِﱐ ﺑَِﻌَﻤٍﻞ ﻳُْﺪِﺧﻠُِﲏ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔَ َوﻳُـﺒَﺎِﻋْﺪِﱐ ِﻣْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر‪،‬‬‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗُـْﻠﺖ ‪ ò‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ َُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎذ ﺑِْﻦ َﺟﺒٍَﻞ َر َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺴَﺮﻩُ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ‪ :‬ﺗَـْﻌﺒُُﺪ اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻻ ﺗُْﺸِﺮْك ﺑِِﻪ َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ‪َ ،‬وﺗُِﻘﻴُﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲑ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣْﻦ ﻳَ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻟََﻘْﺪ َﺳﺄَﻟْﺖ َﻋْﻦ َﻋﻈﻴٍﻢ َوإِﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟَﻴَﺴ ٌ‬
‫ﺼْﻮُم ُﺟﻨﱠﺔٌ‪،‬‬‫ب اْﳋَِْﲑ؟ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻻ أَُدﻟﱡﻚ َﻋﻠَﻰ أَﺑْـَﻮا ِ‬ ‫ﻀﺎَن‪َ ،‬وَﲢُﱡﺞ اﻟْﺒَـْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻮُم َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫ﺼَﻼةَ‪َ ،‬وﺗُـْﺆِﰐ اﻟﱠﺰَﻛﺎةَ‪َ ،‬وﺗَ ُ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ف اﻟﻠﱠْﻴِﻞ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﺗَﻼ‪﴿ :‬ﺗَـﺘََﺠﺎَﰱ ُﺟﻨُﻮُ‪ُْØ‬ﻢ‬ ‫ﺼَﺪﻗَﺔُ ﺗُﻄِْﻔﺊ اْﳋَِﻄﻴﺌَﺔَ َﻛﻤﺎ ﻳﻄِْﻔﺊ اﻟْﻤﺎء اﻟﻨﱠﺎر‪ ،‬وﺻَﻼةُ اﻟﱠﺮﺟِﻞ ِﰲ ﺟﻮ ِ‬ ‫َواﻟ ﱠ‬
‫َْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ ُ ُ َ ُ َ َ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫س اْﻷَْﻣِﺮ َوَﻋُﻤﻮِدﻩِ َوذُْرَوةِ َﺳﻨَﺎِﻣِﻪ؟ ﻗُـْﻠﺖ‪:‬‬ ‫ﻀﺎِﺟِﻊ﴾ َﺣﱠﱴ ﺑَـﻠََﻎ‪﴿ :‬ﻳَـْﻌَﻤﻠُﻮَن﴾ ُﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻻ أُْﺧِﱪُك ﺑَِﺮأْ ِ‬ ‫َﻋِﻦ اﻟَْﻤ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻼةُ‪َ ،‬وذُْرَوةُ َﺳﻨَﺎِﻣِﻪ اْﳉَِﻬﺎُد‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﻻ أُْﺧِﱪُك‬ ‫س اْﻷَْﻣِﺮ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼُم‪َ ،‬وَﻋُﻤﻮُدﻩُ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺑَـﻠَﻰ َ‪َ ò‬رُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ .k‬ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬رأْ ُ‬
‫‪َ k‬وإِﱠ‪5‬‬‫ﱯ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ﻒ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻚ َﻫَﺬا‪ .‬ﻗُـْﻠﺖ‪ òَ :‬ﻧَِ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻧِِﻪ َوﻗَﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻛ ﱠ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِﲟََﻼِك َذﻟِ َ ِ ِ‬
‫ﻚ ُﻛﻠّﻪ؟ ﻓُﻘْﻠﺖ‪ :‬ﺑَـﻠَﻰ َ‪َ ò‬رُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ .k‬ﻓَﺄََﺧَﺬ ﺑﻠ َ‬
‫س ِﰲ اﻟﻨﱠﺎِر َﻋﻠَﻰ ُوُﺟﻮِﻫِﻬْﻢ ‪-‬أَْو ﻗَﺎَل‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َ‪ُ ò‬ﻣَﻌﺎذُ َوَﻫْﻞ ﻳَُﻜ ﱡ‬ ‫ﻚ أُﱡﻣ َ‬‫ﻟَُﻤَﺆاَﺧُﺬوَن ِﲟَﺎ ﻧَـﺘََﻜﻠﱠُﻢ ﺑِِﻪ؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ :‬ﺛَِﻜﻠَْﺘ َ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي َوﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﻳ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﺋُِﺪ أَﻟِْﺴﻨَﺘِِﻬْﻢ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣﻨَﺎﺧِﺮﻫْﻢ‪ -‬إﱠﻻ َﺣ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪58‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ض ﻓَـَﺮاﺋِ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ َﻋْﻦ َرُﺳﻮِل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎل‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻓَـَﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺸ ِِﲏ ﺟﺮﺛُﻮِم ﺑﻦ َ‪ِ5‬ﺷٍﺮ ر ِ‬
‫ﺾ ﻓََﻼ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ﺛَـْﻌﻠَﺒَﺔَ اْﳋُ َ ّ ُ ْ‬
‫ﲑ‬ ‫ﻀﻴِّﻌُﻮَﻫﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﺣﱠﺪ ُﺣُﺪوًدا ﻓََﻼ ﺗَـْﻌﺘَُﺪوَﻫﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﺣﱠﺮَم أَْﺷﻴَﺎَء ﻓََﻼ ﺗَـ ْﻨـﺘَِﻬُﻜﻮَﻫﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﺳَﻜ َ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋْﻦ أَْﺷﻴَﺎَء َرْﲪَﺔً ﻟَُﻜْﻢ ﻏَ ْ َ‬ ‫ﺗُ َ‬
‫ﲏ َوﻏَْﲑُﻩُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴٌﻦ َرَواﻩُ اﻟﱠﺪاَرﻗُﻄْ ِ ّ‬ ‫ﻧِْﺴﻴَﺎٍن ﻓََﻼ ﺗَـْﺒَﺤﺜُﻮا َﻋ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ"‪َ .‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳊﺎدي واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﺟﺎء رﺟﻞ إَﱃ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِﱯ ﷺ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺴﺎِﻋِﺪ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ اﻟَْﻌﺒﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َ َُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ َ َُ ٌ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ‬ ‫س َﺳْﻬِﻞ ﺑِْﻦ َﺳْﻌﺪ اﻟ ﱠ ّ‬
‫س؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪" :‬اْزَﻫْﺪ ِﰲ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ ُِﳛﺒﱡﻚ اﱠ‪َ ،ُk‬واْزَﻫْﺪ ِﻓﻴَﻤﺎ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ُدﻟِﲏ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻋَﻤٍﻞ إَذا َﻋﻤْﻠﺘُﻪُ أََﺣﺒﱠِﲏ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬وأََﺣﺒﱠِﲏ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺴﻨٍَﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫س"‪ .‬ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ َرَواﻩُ اﺑُْﻦ َﻣﺎَﺟْﻪ َوﻏَْﲑُﻩُ ‪ََ±‬ﺳﺎﻧﻴَﺪ َﺣ َ‬
‫اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫س ُﳛﺒﱡﻚ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
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 ‫‪59‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ﺿَﺮَر َوﻻَ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻻَ َ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﱠن رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﻚ ﺑِْﻦ ِﺳﻨَﺎٍن اْﳋُْﺪِر ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺳِﻌﻴٍﺪ ﺳْﻌِﺪ ﺑِْﻦ ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ اﻟُْﻤَﻮﻃﱠِﺄ ُﻣﺮَﺳﻼً َﻋْﻦ‬ ‫ﲑُﳘَﺎ ُﻣْﺴﻨًَﺪا‪َ ،‬وَرَواﻩُ َﻣﺎﻟِ ٌ‬ ‫ﺴٌﻦ َرَواﻩُ اﺑُْﻦ َﻣﺎَﺟْﻪ َواﻟﱠﺪاَرﻗُﻄِْ ّ‬
‫ﲏ َوﻏَ ْ ُ‬ ‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬ ‫ﺿَﺮاَر"‪َ .‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬‫ِ‬
‫ﻀﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻂ أََ∞ َﺳِﻌﻴٍﺪ‪َ ،‬وﻟَﻪُ ﻃُُﺮٌق ﻳُـَﻘ ِّﻮي ﺑَـْﻌ ُ‬
‫ﻀَﻬﺎ ﺑَـْﻌ ً‬ ‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻓَﺄَْﺳَﻘ َ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫َﻋْﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ َْﳛَﲕ َﻋْﻦ أَﺑﻴﻪ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫س ﺑَِﺪْﻋَﻮاُﻫْﻢ ﻻﱠدَﻋﻰ ِرَﺟﺎٌل أَْﻣَﻮاَل‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ ِ‬
‫س َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ أَﱠن َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻟَْﻮ ﻳُـْﻌﻄَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫ﲔ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣْﻦ أَﻧَْﻜَﺮ‪".‬‬ ‫ﻗَـْﻮم َودَﻣﺎَءُﻫْﻢ‪ ،‬وﻟَﻜﱠﻦ اﻟْﺒَـﻴِّﻨَﺔَ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﻋﻲ‪َ ،‬واﻟْﻴَِﻤ ُ‬
‫ﲔ ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼِﺤﻴَﺤ ْ ِ‬ ‫ﻀﻪُ ِﰲ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺴٌﻦ َرَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَـ ْﻴـَﻬِﻘّﻲ َوﻏَْﲑُﻩُ َﻫَﻜَﺬا َوﺑَـْﻌ ُ‬‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬‫َﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪60‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰﻌﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺳِﻌﻴٍﺪ اْﳋُْﺪِر ِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ" :‬ﻣْﻦ َرأَى ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ ُﻣْﻨَﻜًﺮا ﻓَـْﻠﻴُـﻐَِّْﲑﻩُ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫ي َر َ ُ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻒ ا ِْﻹﳝَﺎِن"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫ﺿَﻌ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺴﺎﻧِِﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن َﱂْ ﻳَْﺴﺘَِﻄْﻊ ﻓَﺒَِﻘْﻠﺒِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وَذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ ِ‬
‫ﺑﻴَﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺈْن َﱂْ ﻳَْﺴﺘَﻄْﻊ ﻓَﺒﻠ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﺎﻣﺲ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻀﻮا‪َ ،‬وﻻَ‬ ‫ﺸﻮا‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﺗَـﺒَﺎﻏَ ُ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬ﻻَ َﲢَﺎَﺳُﺪوا‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﺗَـﻨَﺎَﺟ ُ‬ ‫َُ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ ُ‬
‫‪ k‬إْﺧَﻮاً‪ ،5‬اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠُﻢ أَُﺧﻮ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠِﻢ‪ ،‬ﻻَ ﻳَﻈِْﻠُﻤﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ‬ ‫ﺾ‪ ،‬وُﻛﻮﻧُﻮا ِﻋﺒﺎَد ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ﺗََﺪاﺑَـُﺮوا‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳَﺒِْﻊ ﺑَـْﻌ ُ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻀُﻜْﻢ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺑَـْﻴِﻊ ﺑَـْﻌ ٍ َ‬
‫ﺸ ِّﺮ أَْن‬ ‫ﺐ اْﻣِﺮٍئ ِﻣْﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ت‪ِ -‬ﲝَْﺴ ِ‬ ‫ث ﻣﱠﺮا ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻْﺪِرﻩ ﺛََﻼ َ َ‬ ‫ﲑ إَﱃ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﳜُْﺬﻟُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳَْﻜﺬﺑُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ َْﳛﻘُﺮﻩُ‪ ،‬اﻟﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى َﻫﺎُﻫﻨَﺎ ‪َ-‬وﻳُﺸ ُ‬
‫ﺿﻪُ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ‪.‬‬‫َْﳛِﻘَﺮ أََﺧﺎﻩُ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠَﻢ‪ُ ،‬ﻛﻞﱡ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠِﻢ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟُْﻤْﺴِﻠِﻢ َﺣَﺮاٌم َدُﻣﻪُ َوَﻣﺎﻟُﻪُ َوِﻋْﺮ ُ‬
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 ‫‪61‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎدس واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ" :‬ﻣْﻦ ﻧَـﱠﻔﺲ َﻋْﻦ ُﻣْﺆِﻣٍﻦ ُﻛْﺮﺑَﺔً ِﻣْﻦ ُﻛﺮ ِ‬
‫ب اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ ﻧَـ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪُ‬‫َ‬ ‫ﻔ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫَﺮﻳْـَﺮةَ َر َ‬
‫ﱰ ُﻣْﺴِﻠًﻤﺎ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ُﻛﺮﺑﺔ ِﻣﻦ ُﻛﺮ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴَﺮ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ ِﰲ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ َواْﻵﺧَﺮة‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َﺳ ََ‬ ‫ﺴَﺮ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﻣْﻌِﺴٍﺮ ﻳَ ﱠ‬ ‫ب ﻳَـْﻮم اﻟِْﻘﻴَﺎَﻣِﺔ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ ﻳَ ﱠ‬ ‫ًَْ ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ ﻃَِﺮﻳًﻘﺎ ﻳَـْﻠﺘَﻤ ُ‬
‫ﺲ‬ ‫ﱰﻩُ ﷲُ ِﰲ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ َواْﻵِﺧَﺮةِ‪َ ،‬واَﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﰲ َﻋْﻮِن اﻟَْﻌْﺒِﺪ َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن اﻟَْﻌْﺒُﺪ ِﰲ َﻋْﻮِن أَِﺧﻴِﻪ‪َ ،‬وَﻣْﻦ َﺳﻠَ َ‬ ‫َﺳ ََ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻳـ ْﺘـﻠُﻮَن ِﻛﺘﺎب ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬
‫‪،k‬‬ ‫َ َ‬ ‫ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋْﻠًﻤﺎ َﺳﱠﻬَﻞ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻟَﻪُ ﺑِﻪ ﻃَِﺮﻳًﻘﺎ إَﱃ اْﳉَﻨﱠﺔ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ اْﺟﺘََﻤَﻊ ﻗَـْﻮٌم ِﰲ ﺑَـْﻴﺖ ﻣْﻦ ﺑُـﻴُﻮت ا ﱠ َ‬
‫ﺴِﻜﻴﻨَﺔُ َوﻏَِﺸﻴَـ ْﺘـُﻬْﻢ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَﺔُ َوَﺣَﻔﺘُﻬُﻢ اﳌَﻼﺋَِﻜﺔ َوذََﻛَﺮُﻫْﻢ اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻓﻴَﻤْﻦ ِﻋْﻨَﺪﻩُ‪،‬‬‫ﺖ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫َوﻳَـﺘََﺪاَرُﺳﻮﻧَﻪُ ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬْﻢ؛ إﱠﻻ ﻧَـَﺰﻟَ ْ‬
‫ﺴِﻠٌﻢ ‪Ø‬ﺬا اﻟﻠﻔﻆ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﺒُﻪُ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ ُﻣ ْ‬
‫وﻣﻦ ﺑﻄﱠﺄ ﺑِِﻪ َﻋﻤﻠُﻪُ َﱂ ﻳﺴِﺮ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ع ﺑﻪ ﻧَ َ‬ ‫َ ُْْ‬ ‫ََ ْ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ ِ‬
‫ﺐ‬‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻓﻴَﻤﺎ ﻳَـْﺮِوﻳﻪ َﻋْﻦ َرﺑّﻪ ﺗَـﺒَﺎَرَك َوﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ أﻧﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻛﺘَ َ‬ ‫س َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺴﻨَﺔً َﻛﺎِﻣﻠَﺔً‪َ ،‬وإِْن َﻫﱠﻢ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ؛ ﻓَﻤﻦ ﻫﱠﻢ ِﲝ ٍ‬
‫ﺴﻨَﺔ ﻓَـﻠَْﻢ ﻳَـْﻌَﻤْﻠَﻬﺎ َﻛﺘَـﺒَـَﻬﺎ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻋْﻨَﺪﻩُ َﺣ َ‬
‫ﲔ َذﻟ َ َ ْ َ َ َ‬
‫ت ُﰒﱠ ﺑ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻴِّﺌَﺎ ِ َ َ‬‫ت َواﻟ ﱠ‬‫اْﳊﺴﻨَﺎ ِ‬
‫ََ‬
‫ﺴﻴِّﺌٍَﺔ ﻓَـﻠَْﻢ ﻳَـْﻌَﻤْﻠَﻬﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻒ إَﱃ أَ ْ ٍ ِ ٍ ِ‬ ‫ﺿْﻌ ٍ‬ ‫ت إَﱃ ﺳْﺒِﻌِﻤﺎﺋَِﺔ ِ‬ ‫ﻓَـﻌِﻤﻠََﻬﺎ َﻛﺘَـﺒـَﻬﺎ اﱠ‪ِ k‬ﻋْﻨَﺪﻩُ َﻋْﺸﺮ ﺣﺴﻨَﺎ ٍ‬
‫ﺿَﻌﺎف َﻛﺜَﲑة‪َ ،‬وإْن َﻫﱠﻢ ﺑ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ ََ‬ ‫َ ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ي َوُﻣْﺴِﻠٌﻢ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺴﻨَﺔً َﻛﺎِﻣﻠَﺔً‪َ ،‬وإِْن َﻫﱠﻢ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ ﻓَـَﻌِﻤﻠََﻬﺎ َﻛﺘَـﺒَـَﻬﺎ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﺳﻴِّﺌَﺔً َواِﺣَﺪةً"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻛﺘَـﺒَـَﻬﺎ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻋْﻨَﺪﻩُ َﺣ َ‬
‫"ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻴﻬﻤﺎ" ‪Ø‬ﺬﻩ اﳊﺮوف‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪62‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ُﻫﺮﻳْـﺮة ر ِ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ َﻋﺎَدى ِﱄ َوﻟ̃ﻴﺎ ﻓَـْﻘﺪ آَذﻧْﺘﻪُ‬ ‫ََ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﱄ ِ∞ﻟﻨﱠـَﻮاِﻓِﻞ‬
‫ب إ َﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺿﺘُﻪُ َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ‪َ ،‬وَﻻ ﻳَـَﺰاُل َﻋْﺒﺪي ﻳَـﺘَـَﻘﱠﺮ ُ‬ ‫ﱰْ‬ ‫ﺐ إ َﱠ ِ‬
‫ﱄ ﳑﱠﺎ اﻓْ ََ‬ ‫ﺸْﻲٍء أََﺣ ﱠ‬ ‫ﱄ َﻋْﺒِﺪي ﺑِ َ‬ ‫ب إ َﱠ‬
‫ب‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ ﺗَـَﻘﱠﺮ َ‬‫ِ∞ْﳊَْﺮ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ‪َ ،‬وِرْﺟﻠَﻪُ‬ ‫ﺼَﺮﻩُ اﻟﱠﺬي ﻳُـْﺒﺼُﺮ ﺑِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻳََﺪﻩُ اﻟﱠِﱵ ﻳَـْﺒﻄ ُ‬ ‫َﺣﱠﱴ أُﺣﺒﱠﻪُ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈَذا أَْﺣﺒَـ ْﺒـﺘُﻪُ ُﻛْﻨﺖ َﲰَْﻌﻪُ اﻟﱠﺬي ﻳَْﺴَﻤُﻊ ﺑِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﺑَ َ‬
‫ي‪.‬‬‫اﻟﱠِﱵ َﳝِْﺸﻲ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ‪َ ،‬وﻟَﺌِْﻦ َﺳﺄَﻟَِﲏ َﻷُْﻋِﻄﻴَـﻨﱠﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻟَﺌِْﻦ اْﺳﺘَـَﻌﺎذَِﱐ َﻷُِﻋﻴَﺬﻧﱠﻪُ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ واﻟﺜﻼﺛﻮن‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬إﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﲡَﺎَوَز ِﱄ َﻋْﻦ أُﱠﻣِﱵ اْﳋَﻄَﺄَ َواﻟﻨِّْﺴﻴَﺎَن َوَﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻤﺎ أَﱠن رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ ِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫س َر َ ُ ُ َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺴٌﻦ َرَواﻩُ اﺑُْﻦ َﻣﺎَﺟْﻪ َواﻟْﺒَـ ْﻴـَﻬِﻘّﻲ وﻏﲑﳘﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬‫اْﺳﺘُْﻜِﺮُﻫﻮا َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ"‪َ .‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬
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 ‫‪63‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ أَْو‬‫َﻋْﻦ اﺑْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬أََﺧَﺬ َرُﺳﻮُل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ ِﲟَْﻨﻜِﱯ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ُ" :‬ﻛْﻦ ِﰲ اﻟﱡﺪﻧْـﻴَﺎ َﻛﺄَﻧﱠﻚ ﻏَِﺮﻳ ٌ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓََﻼ‬ ‫ﺻﺒَْﺤ َ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻓََﻼ ﺗَـ ْﻨـﺘَِﻈْﺮ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼﺒَﺎَح‪َ ،‬وإَِذا أَ ْ‬ ‫ﺴْﻴ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫َﻋﺎﺑُﺮ َﺳﺒﻴٍﻞ"‪َ .‬وَﻛﺎَن اﺑُْﻦ ﻋَُﻤَﺮ َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪ :‬إَذا أَْﻣ َ‬
‫ي‪.‬‬‫ﺿﻚ‪َ ،‬وِﻣْﻦ َﺣﻴَﺎﺗِﻚ ﻟَِﻤْﻮﺗِﻚ‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟْﺒَُﺨﺎِر ﱡ‬ ‫ﺻﱠﺤﺘِﻚ ﻟِﻤﺮ ِ‬
‫ََ‬
‫ﺗَـ ْﻨـﺘَِﻈﺮ اﻟْﻤﺴﺎء‪ ،‬وُﺧْﺬ ِﻣﻦ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َََ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳊﺎدي واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ‪" :‬ﻻ ﻳُـْﺆِﻣُﻦ أََﺣُﺪُﻛْﻢ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻤﺎ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫ص َر َ ُ ُ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻤِﺮو ﺑِْﻦ اﻟْﻌﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ُﳏَﱠﻤٍﺪ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺻِﺤﻴٍﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺢ َرَوﻳْـﻨَﺎﻩُ ِﰲ ِﻛﺘَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬ ‫ﺣﱠﱴ ﻳُﻜﻮَن ﻫﻮاﻩُ ﺗَـﺒـﻌﺎ ﻟِﻤﺎ ِﺟْﺌ ُ ِ ِ‬
‫ب "اْﳊُﱠﺠﺔ" ِ˛ِْﺳﻨَﺎد َ‬ ‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬ ‫ﺖ ﺑِﻪ"‪َ .‬ﺣﺪﻳ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ََ ًَ َ‬ ‫َ َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪64‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬

‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ‪ òَ" :‬اﺑَْﻦ آَدَم إِﻧﱠ َ‬ ‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻗَﺎَل‪َِ :‬ﲰﻌﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ٍِ ِ‬ ‫َﻋْﻦ أَﻧَ ِ‬
‫ﻚ َﻣﺎ‬ ‫ْ َُ‬ ‫ﺲ ﺑِْﻦ َﻣﺎﻟﻚ َر َ ُ‬
‫ﺴَﻤﺎِء ُﰒﱠ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋﻨَﺎَن اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺖ ذُﻧُﻮﺑُ َ‬‫ت ﻟَﻚ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن ِﻣْﻨﻚ َوَﻻ أَُ∞ِﱄ‪ òَ ،‬اﺑَْﻦ آَدَم ﻟَْﻮ ﺑَـﻠَﻐَ ْ‬ ‫َدَﻋْﻮﺗِﲏ َوَرَﺟْﻮﺗِﲏ ﻏََﻔْﺮ ُ‬
‫ض َﺧﻄَﺎَ‪ُ ò‬ﰒﱠ ﻟَِﻘﻴﺘِﲏ َﻻ ﺗُْﺸِﺮُك ِﰊ َﺷ ْﻴـﺌًﺎ َﻷَﺗَـ ْﻴـﺘُﻚ‬ ‫ب اْﻷَْر ِ‬ ‫ت ﻟَﻚ‪ òَ ،‬اﺑَْﻦ آَدَم إﻧﱠﻚ ﻟَْﻮ أﺗَـْﻴﺘِﲏ ﺑُِﻘﺮا ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫اْﺳﺘَـْﻐَﻔْﺮﺗِﲏ ﻏََﻔْﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ي َوﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﺣﺪﻳ ٌ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫ﺑُِﻘَﺮاِ‪َØ‬ﺎ َﻣْﻐِﻔَﺮةً"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ﺖ‬‫ﺾ ِ‪َْ±‬ﻫِﻠَﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓََﻤﺎ أَﺑْـَﻘ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻗَﺎَل َرُﺳﻮُل ﷲ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَْﳊُِﻘﻮا اﻟَْﻔَﺮاﺋِ َ‬ ‫س رِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ اﺑِْﻦ َﻋﺒﱠﺎ ٍ َ‬
‫ﺾ ﻓَِﻸَْوَﱃ َرُﺟٍﻞ ذََﻛٍﺮ"‪ .‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫اﻟَْﻔَﺮاﺋِ ُ‬
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 ‫‪65‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺮاﺑﻊ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ﺿﺎَﻋﺔُ ُﲢَِّﺮُم َﻣﺎ ُﲢَِّﺮُم اﻟِْﻮﻻََدةُ‪ ".‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫َﻋﻦ َﻋﺎﺋِ َ ِ‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬اﻟﱠﺮ َ‬ ‫ﺸﺔَ َرﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬﺎ َﻋْﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﺎﻣﺲ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ َﺟﺎﺑِِﺮ ﺑِْﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪ اﱠ‪َ k‬رﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﲰَﻊ َرُﺳﻮَل اﱠ‪ k‬ﷺ َﻋﺎَم اﻟَْﻔْﺘِﺢ َوُﻫَﻮ ِﲟَﱠﻜﺔَ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪" :‬إِﱠن اﱠ‪َk‬‬
‫ﺖ ُﺷُﺤﻮَم اﻟَْﻤ ْﻴـﺘَِﺔ ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ﻳُﻄْﻠَﻰ‬ ‫ورﺳﻮﻟَﻪ ﺣﱠﺮم ﺑـﻴﻊ اْﳋَﻤِﺮ واﻟْﻤﻴـﺘِﺔ واْﳋِْﻨِﺰﻳِﺮ واْﻷَﺻﻨَﺎِم‪ ،‬ﻓَِﻘﻴﻞ‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬أََرأَﻳْ َ‬ ‫َ َ َُ‬ ‫َ ْ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ُ َ َ َْ َ ْ َ َ ْ َ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﷺ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ‬ ‫ﺴُﻔﻦ‪ ،‬وﻳْﺪﻫﻦ ِ‪Ø‬ﺎ اْﳉﻠُﻮُد‪ ،‬وﻳﺴﺘﺼﺒِﺢ ِ‪Ø‬ﺎ اﻟﻨﱠﺎس؟ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻫﻮ ﺣﺮام‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ ﻗَﺎَل رﺳﻮُل ا ﱠِ‬
‫َُ‬ ‫َُ ََ ٌ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫‪َØ‬ﺎ اﻟ ﱡ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ ُ َ َ ْ َ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺸُﺤﻮَم‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄَْﲨَﻠُﻮﻩُ‪ُ ،‬ﰒﱠ َ∞ﻋُﻮﻩُ‪ ،‬ﻓَﺄََﻛﻠُﻮا َﲦَﻨَﻪُ"‪ .‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‬ ‫َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ‪ :‬ﻗَﺎﺗََﻞ اﱠ‪ ُk‬اﻟْﻴَـُﻬﻮَد‪ ،‬إِﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﺣﱠﺮَم َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬﻢ اﻟ ُ‬
‫وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪66‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎدس واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬

‫ِ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋْﻨﻪ أَﱠن اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﺑـﺮَدةَ َﻋﻦ أَﺑِﻴِﻪ َﻋﻦ أَِﰊ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ اْﻷَْﺷﻌِﺮ ِي ر ِ‬
‫ﺴﺄَﻟَﻪُ َﻋْﻦ‬‫ﱯ ﷺ ﺑَـَﻌﺜَﻪُ إَﱃ اﻟْﻴََﻤِﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓَ َ‬ ‫َ ّ َ‬ ‫ْ ُ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ ُْ‬
‫ﺴِﻞ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫أَْﺷِﺮﺑٍﺔ ﺗُ ْ ِ‬
‫ﺼﻨَُﻊ ‪َØ‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪َ :‬وَﻣﺎ ﻫَﻲ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬اﻟْﺒْﺘُﻊ َواﻟْﻤْﺰُر‪ ،‬ﻓَﻘﻴَﻞ ﻷَِﰊ ﺑُـْﺮَدةَ‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ اﻟْﺒْﺘُﻊ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪ :‬ﻧَﺒﻴُﺬ اﻟَْﻌ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺸِﻌِﲑ‪ ،‬ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ُ :‬ﻛﻞﱡ ُﻣْﺴِﻜٍﺮ َﺣَﺮاٌم"‪ .‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‪.‬‬ ‫َواﻟِْﻤْﺰُر ﻧَﺒِﻴُﺬ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ﺐ‬‫‪ k‬ﷺ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل‪َ" :‬ﻣﺎ َﻣَﻸَ آَدِﻣﱞﻲ ِوَﻋﺎًء َﺷ̃ﺮا ِﻣْﻦ ﺑَﻄٍْﻦ‪ِ ،‬ﲝَْﺴ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب ﻗَﺎَل َﲰْﻌ ُ َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﻋْﻦ اﻟْﻤْﻘَﺪاِم ﺑِْﻦ َﻣْﻌﺪ ﻳَْﻜِﺮ َ‬
‫ﺚ ﻟِﻨَـَﻔِﺴِﻪ"‪َ .‬رَواﻩُ‬‫ﺸَﺮاﺑِِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﺛُـﻠُ ٌ‬ ‫ﺚ ﻟِﻄََﻌﺎِﻣِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﺛُـﻠُ ٌ‬
‫ﺚ ﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺻْﻠﺒَﻪُ‪ ،‬ﻓَِﺈْن َﻛﺎَن َﻻ َﳏَﺎﻟَﺔَ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﺜُـﻠُ ٌ‬ ‫اﺑِﻦ آَدم أُُﻛَﻼ ٌ ِ‬
‫ت ﻳُﻘْﻤَﻦ ُ‬ ‫ْ َ‬
‫ﺴٌﻦ‪.‬‬
‫ﺚ َﺣ َ‬ ‫ي‪َ :‬ﺣِﺪﻳ ٌ‬ ‫ي واﺑُْﻦ َﻣﺎَﺟْﻪ َوﻗَﺎَل اﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬‫أَْﲪَُﺪ واﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬
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 ‫‪67‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺜﺎﻣﻦ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫ﺖ‬‫ﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَْرﺑٌَﻊ َﻣْﻦ ُﻛﱠﻦ ِﻓﻴِﻪ َﻛﺎَن ُﻣﻨَﺎﻓًِﻘﺎ‪َ ،‬وإِْن َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ‬ ‫ﺿَﻲ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ أَﱠن اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬ ‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ َﻋﻤٍﺮو ر ِ‬ ‫َﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫ﻒ‪ ،‬وإَذا‬ ‫ب‪ ،‬وإَِذا َوَﻋَﺪ أَْﺧﻠَ َ‬‫ث َﻛَﺬ َ‬‫ﺼﻠَﺔٌ ِﻣْﻦ اﻟﻨَِّﻔﺎِق َﺣﱠﱴ ﻳََﺪَﻋَﻬﺎ‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ إَِذا َﺣﱠﺪ َ‬ ‫َﺧﺼﻠَﺔٌ ِﻣ ْﻨـﻬﱠﻦ ِﻓﻴِﻪ َﻛﺎﻧَ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ َﺧ ْ‬ ‫ْ ُ‬
‫ﺻَﻢ ﻓََﺠَﺮ‪َ ،‬وإَِذا َﻋﺎَﻫَﺪ ﻏََﺪَر"‪ .‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫َﺧﺎ َ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﻟﺘﺎﺳﻊ واﻷرﺑﻌﻮن‬
‫‪َ k‬ﺣﱠﻖ ﺗَـَﻮﱡﻛِﻠِﻪ ﻟََﺮَزﻗَُﻜْﻢ‬
‫ﺿﻲ اﱠ‪َ k‬ﻋْﻨﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬ﻟَﻮ أَﻧﱠُﻜﻢ ﺗَـﻮﱠﻛﻠُﻮَن َﻋﻠَﻰ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ ْ َ‬ ‫ب َر َ ُ‬
‫َﻋﻦ ﻋُﻤﺮ ﺑِْﻦ اْﳋَﻄﱠﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫ْ ََ‬
‫ي َواﻟﻨﱠَﺴﺎﺋِﱡﻲ ِﰲ "اﻟُْﻜ ْ َﱪى" َﻛَﻤﺎ ِﰲ "اﻟﺘﱡْﺤَﻔﺔ"‬ ‫ح ﺑِﻄَﺎً‪َ".5‬رَواﻩُ أَْﲪَُﺪ َواﻟِّْﱰِﻣِﺬ ﱡ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠ‬
‫ﺻﺎ َوﺗَـُﺮو ُ‬
‫ﲑ ﺗَـْﻐُﺪو ﲬَﺎ ً‬
‫َﻛَﻤﺎ ﻳَـْﺮَزُق اﻟﻄ ْ َ‬
‫ي‪ :‬ﺣﺴﻦ ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺢ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴ ٌ‬ ‫ﺻﱠﺤَﺤﻪُ اﺑُْﻦ ﺣﺒﱠﺎَن َواْﳊَﺎﻛُﻢ َوﻗَﺎَل اﻟِّْﱰﻣﺬ ﱡ َ َ ٌ َ‬ ‫َواﺑُْﻦ َﻣﺎَﺟْﻪ َو َ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪68‬‬

‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ اﳋﻤﺴﻮن‬
‫ﱯ ﷺ رﺟﻞ ﻓَـَﻘﺎَل‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮَل ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬إِﱠن َﺷَﺮاﺋَِﻊ ا ِْﻹْﺳَﻼِم ﻗَْﺪ َﻛﺜُـَﺮ ْ‬
‫ت َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ‪،‬‬ ‫َﻋﻦ َﻋﺒِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِْﻦ ﺑُْﺴٍﺮ ﻗَﺎَل‪" :‬أَﺗَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠِ ﱠ‬
‫َ َُ‬ ‫ٌ‬ ‫ْ ْ‬
‫‪َ k‬ﻋﱠﺰ َوَﺟﻞﱠ"‪ .‬رواﻩ أﲪﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ رﻃْﺒﺎ ِﻣﻦ ِذْﻛِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺴ ُ ِِ ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎﻧُ َ َ ً ْ‬‫ﻚ ﺑﻪ َﺟﺎﻣٌﻊ؟ ﻗَﺎَل‪َ :‬ﻻ ﻳَـَﺰاُل ﻟ َ‬ ‫ب ﻧَـﺘََﻤ ﱠ‬
‫ﻓَـﺒَﺎ ٌ‬
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 ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬

‫أﺻﻮل اﻟﺘﻔﺴﻴﺮ‬
‫ﻻﺑﻦ ﻋﺜﻴﻤﲔ ‪-‬رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‪-‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪70‬‬

‫ﻣ ﺪ ﺧﻞ‬

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 ‫‪71‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫ﻣﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫اﳊﻤﺪ ‪ ،$‬ﳓﻤﺪﻩ وﻧﺴﺘﻌﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬وﻧﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ وﻧﺘﻮب إﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وﻧﻌﻮذ ∞‪ $‬ﻣﻦ ﺷﺮور أﻧﻔﺴﻨﺎ وﻣﻦ ﺳﻴﺌﺎت أﻋﻤﺎﻟﻨﺎ‪،‬‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻳﻬﺪﻩ ﷲ ﻓﻼ ﻣﻀﻞ ﻟﻪ وﻣﻦ ﻳﻀﻠﻞ ﻓﻼ ﻫﺎدي ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وأﺷﻬﺪ أن ﻻ إﻟﻪ إﻻ ﷲ وﺣﺪﻩ ﻻ ﺷﺮﻳﻚ ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وأﺷﻬﺪ‬
‫أن ﳏﻤًﺪا ﻋﺒﺪﻩ ورﺳﻮﻟﻪ؛ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﺗﺒﻌﻬﻢ ˛ﺣﺴﺎن وﺳﻠﻢ ﺗﺴﻠﻴًﻤﺎ‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻓﺈن ﻣﻦ اﳌﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﻓﻦ أن ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻢ اﳌﺮء ﻣﻦ أﺻﻮﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﻮً‪ 5‬ﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻓﻬﻤﻪ وﲣﺮﳚﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻷﺻﻮل‪،‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻮن ﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﻣﺒﻨﻴًﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﺳﺲ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ودﻋﺎﺋﻢ راﺳﺨﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ُﺣِﺮم اﻷﺻﻮل ُﺣﺮم اﻟﻮﺻﻮل‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ أَﺟ ِﻞّ ﻓﻨﻮن اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ أﺟﻠﻬﺎ وأﺷﺮﻓﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﺗﺒﻴﲔ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ ﻛﻼم ﷲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‪،‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ وﺿﻊ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻟﻪ أﺻﻮﻻً‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ وﺿﻌﻮا ﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﳊﺪﻳﺚ أﺻﻮﻻً‪ ،‬وﻟﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﻔﻘﻪ أﺻﻮﻻً‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻛﻨﺖ ﻛﺘﺒﺖ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻴﺴﺮ ﻟﻄﻼب اﳌﻌﺎﻫﺪ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﰲ ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ اﻹﻣﺎم ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﻮد‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻄﻠﺐ ﻣﲏ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻨﺎس أن أﻓﺮدﻫﺎ ﰲ رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻜﻮن ذﻟﻚ أﻳﺴﺮ وأﲨﻊ ﻓﺄﺟﺒﺘﻪ إﱃ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وأﺳﺄل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ أن ﻳﻨﻔﻊ ‪Ø‬ﺎ‪ .‬وﻳﺘﻠﺨﺺ ذﻟﻚ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ‪Ô‬ﰐ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻣﱴ ﻧﺰل اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﻧﺰل ﺑﻪ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻧﺰول اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﻮﻋﲔ‪ :‬ﺳﺒﱯ واﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻜﻲ وﻣﺪﱐ‪ ،‬وﺑﻴﺎن اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰوﻟﻪ ُﻣﻔﺮﻗًﺎ وﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﲨﻊ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ وﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‪:‬‬
‫‪-١‬ﻣﻌﲎ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻟﻐﺔ واﺻﻄﻼًﺣﺎ‪ ،‬وﺑﻴﺎن ﺣﻜﻤﻪ‪ ،‬واﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬اﳌﺮﺟﻊ ﰲ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ إﱃ ﻣﺎ ‪Ô‬ﰐ‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬ﻛﻼم ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﻔﺴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن ∞ﻟﻘﺮآن‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ -‬ﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﺒﻠّﻎ ﻋﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس ﲟﺮاد ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ -‬ﻛﻼم اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ذوو اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ واﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ؛ ﻷن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻧﺰل ﺑﻠﻐﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫وﰲ ﻋﺼﺮﻫﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪72‬‬

‫د‪ -‬ﻛﻼم ﻛﺒﺎر اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ اﻋﺘﻨﻮا ‪±‬ﺧﺬ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ه‪ -‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﻣﻦ اﳌﻌﺎﱐ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ أو اﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺴﻴﺎق‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن اﺧﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ واﻟﻠﻐﻮي‪،‬‬
‫أُﺧﺬ ∞ﳌﻌﲎ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ إﻻ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻳﺮﺟﺢ اﻟﻠﻐﻮي‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬أﻧﻮاع اﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻮارد ﰲ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ اﳌﺄﺛﻮر‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ‪ -‬أﻧﻮاﻋﻬﺎ ‪ -‬ﺣﻜﻢ ﻛﻞ ﻧﻮع‪.‬‬
‫ﲬﺲ ﺗﺮاﺟﻢ ﳐﺘﺼﺮة ﻟﻠﻤﺸﻬﻮرﻳﻦ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‪ :‬ﺛﻼث ﻟﻠﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬واﺛﻨﺘﺎن ﻟﻠﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ‪.‬‬
‫أﻗﺴﺎم اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻹﺣﻜﺎم واﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﺮاﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬واﻟﺰاﺋﻐﲔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪ :‬ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ وﻧﺴﱯ‪.‬‬
‫اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻮع اﻟﻘﺮآن إﱃ ﳏﻜﻢ وﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻮﻫﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن واﳉﻮاب ﻋﻨﻪ وأﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟَْﻘ َ‬
‫ﺴﻢ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ‪ -‬أداﺗﻪ‪ -‬ﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻬﺎ ‪ -‬اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ‪ -‬اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﺗﻜﺮارﻫﺎ واﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﺎ ﰲ اﻟﻄﻮل واﻟﻘﺼﺮ واﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪.‬‬
‫اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻠﻴﺎت اﻟﱵ أُﻗﺤﻤﺖ ﰲ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ وﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻀﻤﲑ‪ :‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻔﻪ ‪ -‬ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻪ ‪ -‬اﻹﻇﻬﺎر ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻹﺿﻤﺎر وﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ ‪ -‬اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت وﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ ‪ -‬ﺿﻤﲑ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫وﻓﺎﺋﺪﺗﻪ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪73‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺼﺪر ﻗﺮأ ﲟﻌﲎ ﺗﻼ‪ ،‬أو ﲟﻌﲎ ﲨﻊ‪ .‬ﺗﻘﻮل ﻗﺮأ ﻗﺮًءا وﻗﺮآً‪ ،5‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻮل‪ :‬ﻏﻔﺮ ﻏَْﻔًﺮا‬
‫وﻏٌﻔﺮاً‪ ،5‬ﻓﻌﻠﻰ اﳌﻌﲎ اﻷول )ﺗﻼ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺼﺪًرا ﲟﻌﲎ اﺳﻢ اﳌﻔﻌﻮل أي ﲟﻌﲏ ﻣﺘﻠﻮ‪ .‬وﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻌﲏ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‬
‫)َﲨََﻊ( ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺼﺪًرا ﲟﻌﲎ اﺳﻢ اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻞ؛ أي ﲟﻌﲎ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ؛ ﳉﻤﻌﻪ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر واﻷﺣﻜﺎم‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ اﻟﺸﺮع‪ :‬ﻛﻼم ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ اﳌﻨﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ رﺳﻮﻟﻪ وﺧﺎﰎ أﻧﺒﻴﺎﺋﻪ ﳏﻤﺪ ﷺ‪ ،‬اﳌﺒﺪوء ﺑﺴﻮرة اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻚ اﻟُْﻘْﺮآَن ﺗَـْﻨِﺰﻳﻼً﴾]اﻻﻧﺴﺎن‪ [٢٣ :‬وﻗﺎل‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪5‬‬
‫اﳌﺨﺘﻮم ﺑﺴﻮرة اﻟﻨﺎس‪ .‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪َْ 5‬ﳓُﻦ ﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬
‫أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ﻗُـْﺮآ‪َ ً5‬ﻋَﺮﺑِﻴّﺎً ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗَـْﻌِﻘﻠُﻮَن﴾]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪.[٢:‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﲪﻰ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻐﻴﲑ واﻟﺰ‪ò‬دة واﻟﻨﻘﺺ واﻟﺘﺒﺪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻔﻞ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﲝﻔﻈﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺎل‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪َْ 5‬ﳓُﻦ ﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ اﻟ ِّﺬْﻛَﺮ َوإِﱠ‪ 5‬ﻟَﻪُ َﳊَﺎِﻓﻈُﻮَن﴾ ]اﳊﺠﺮ‪ [٩:‬وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻀﺖ اﻟﻘﺮون اﻟﻜﺜﲑة وﱂ ﳛﺎول أﺣﺪ‬
‫ﻣﻦ أﻋﺪاﺋﻪ أن ﻳﻐﲑ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬أو ﻳﺰﻳﺪ‪ ،‬أو ﻳﻨﻘﺺ‪ ،‬أو ﻳﺒﺪل‪ ،‬إﻻ ﻫﺘﻚ ﷲ ﺳﱰﻩ‪ ،‬وﻓﻀﺢ أﻣﺮﻩ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ وﺻﻔﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪±‬وﺻﺎف ﻛﺜﲑة‪ ،‬ﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻈﻤﺘﻪ وﺑﺮﻛﺘﻪ و‪Û‬ﺛﲑﻩ وﴰﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﻛﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻟََﻘْﺪ آﺗَـ ْﻴـﻨَﺎَك َﺳْﺒﻌﺎً ِﻣَﻦ اﻟَْﻤﺜَﺎِﱐ َواﻟُْﻘْﺮآَن اﻟَْﻌِﻈﻴَﻢ﴾ ]اﳊﺠﺮ‪َ﴿ [٨٧ :‬واﻟُْﻘْﺮآِن اﻟَْﻤِﺠﻴِﺪ﴾‬
‫]ق‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪.[١‬‬
‫ب‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب﴾ ]ص‪َ﴿ [٢٩:‬وَﻫَﺬا ﻛﺘَﺎ ٌ‬ ‫ﻚ ُﻣﺒَﺎَرٌك ﻟِﻴَﱠﺪﺑﱠـﺮوا آَ‪ò‬ﺗِِﻪ َوﻟِﻴَـﺘََﺬﱠﻛﺮ أُوﻟُﻮ اْﻷَﻟْﺒَﺎ ِ‬
‫ب أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﻗﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻛﺘَﺎ ٌ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ُﻣﺒَﺎَرٌك ﻓَﺎﺗﱠﺒُِﻌﻮﻩُ َواﺗﱠـُﻘﻮا ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗُـْﺮَﲪُﻮَن﴾ ]اﻷﻧﻌﺎم‪.[١٥٥ :‬‬
‫﴿إِﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟَُﻘْﺮآٌن َﻛِﺮﱘٌ﴾ ]اﻟﻮاﻗﻌﺔ‪﴿ [٧٧ :‬إِﱠن َﻫَﺬا اﻟُْﻘْﺮآَن ﻳَـْﻬِﺪي ﻟِﻠﱠِﱵ ِﻫَﻲ أَﻗْـَﻮُم﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪.[٩‬‬
‫ﻀِﺮُ‪َØ‬ﺎ‬ ‫ﻚ اْﻷَْﻣﺜَﺎُل ﻧَ ْ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻟَﻮ أَﻧْـﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ ﻫَﺬا اﻟُْﻘﺮآَن َﻋﻠَﻰ ﺟﺒٍﻞ ﻟَﺮأَﻳـﺘﻪ َﺧﺎِﺷﻌﺎً ﻣﺘﺼ ِّﺪﻋﺎً ِﻣﻦ َﺧْﺸﻴِﺔ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ k‬وﺗِْﻠ َ‬ ‫ْ َ‬ ‫َُ َ‬ ‫ََ َ َْ ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ْ َ َ‬
‫ﺖ ُﺳﻮَرةٌ ﻓَِﻤ ْﻨـُﻬْﻢ َﻣْﻦ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُل أَﻳﱡُﻜْﻢ َزاَدﺗْﻪُ َﻫِﺬﻩِ إِﳝَﺎ‪ً5‬‬ ‫س ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻬْﻢ ﻳَـﺘَـَﻔﱠﻜُﺮوَن﴾ ]اﳊﺸﺮ‪َ﴿ [٢١:‬وإَِذا َﻣﺎ أُﻧِْﺰﻟَ ْ‬ ‫ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫ض ﻓَـَﺰاَدْ‪ُْÒ‬ﻢ ِرْﺟﺴﺎً إَِﱃ‬ ‫ﻓَﺄَﱠﻣﺎ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ آَﻣﻨُﻮا ﻓَـَﺰاَدْ‪ُْÒ‬ﻢ إِﳝَﺎ‪َ ً5‬وُﻫْﻢ ﻳَْﺴﺘَـْﺒِﺸُﺮوَن )‪َ (١٢٤‬وأَﱠﻣﺎ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﰲ ﻗُـﻠُﻮِ‪ِْØ‬ﻢ َﻣَﺮ ٌ‬
‫ﱄ َﻫَﺬا اﻟُْﻘْﺮآُن ِﻷُﻧِْﺬَرُﻛْﻢ ﺑِِﻪ َوَﻣْﻦ ﺑَـﻠََﻎ﴾‬ ‫ِرْﺟِﺴِﻬْﻢ َوَﻣﺎﺗُﻮا َوُﻫْﻢ َﻛﺎِﻓُﺮون﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪َ﴿ [١٢٥-١٢٤ :‬وأُوِﺣَﻲ إِ َﱠ‬
‫]اﻷﻧﻌﺎم‪﴿ [١٩ :‬ﻓَﻼ ﺗُِﻄِﻊ اﻟَْﻜﺎﻓِِﺮﻳَﻦ َوَﺟﺎِﻫْﺪُﻫْﻢ ﺑِِﻪ ِﺟَﻬﺎداً َﻛﺒِﲑاً﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‪ .[٥٢ :‬وﻗﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎب ﺗِﺒـﻴﺎ‪ ً5‬ﻟُِﻜ ِﻞ َﺷﻲٍء وﻫﺪى ورْﲪَﺔً وﺑْﺸﺮى ﻟِْﻠﻤﺴِﻠِﻤﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪﴿ [٨٩:‬وأَﻧْـﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ إِﻟَﻴ َ ِ‬
‫ب‬‫ﻚ اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬ ‫َ َ ْ‬ ‫ّ ْ َ ُ ً ََ َُ َ ُ ْ َ‬ ‫َ َْ‬ ‫َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬
‫ب َوُﻣَﻬْﻴِﻤﻨﺎً َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ ﻓَﺎْﺣُﻜْﻢ ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬْﻢ ِﲟَﺎ أَﻧْـَﺰَل اﱠ‪] ﴾ُk‬اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪.[٤٨ :‬‬ ‫ﲔ ﻳََﺪﻳِْﻪ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ِ∞ْﳊِّﻖ ﻣ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼّﺪﻗﺎً ﻟَﻤﺎ ﺑَْ َ‬
‫َ َُ‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪74‬‬

‫واﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻣﺼﺪر اﻟﺸﺮﻳﻌﺔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻴﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺑُﻌﺚ ‪Ø‬ﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ ﷺ إﱃ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻛﺎﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﺗَـﺒَﺎَرَك‬
‫ﲔ ﻧَِﺬﻳﺮاً﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‪[١:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﱠﺬي ﻧَـﱠﺰَل اﻟُْﻔْﺮﻗَﺎَن َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻋْﺒﺪﻩ ﻟﻴَُﻜﻮَن ﻟْﻠَﻌﺎﻟَِﻤ َ‬
‫ﺻﺮاِط اﻟْﻌِﺰﻳِﺰ اْﳊِﻤﻴِﺪ )‪ (١‬ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻟِﺘْﺨِﺮج اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫س ﻣَﻦ اﻟﻈﱡﻠَُﻤﺎت إَِﱃ اﻟﻨﱡﻮِر ِ˛ِْذن َرّ‪ْØ‬ﻢ إَِﱃ َ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ إﻟَْﻴ َ ُ َ َ‬ ‫﴿ﻛﺘَﺎ ٌ‬
‫ب َﺷِﺪﻳﺪ﴾ ]إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‪.[٢-١ :‬‬ ‫ض َوَوﻳْﻞ ﻟِْﻠَﻜﺎِﻓِﺮﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ َﻋَﺬا ٍ‬ ‫اﻟﱠِﺬي ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﺎ ِﰲ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺴَﻤﺎَوات َوَﻣﺎ ِﰲ اْﻷَْر ِ ٌ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ع اﱠ‪َk‬‬ ‫ﻀﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺮرﻩ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬ﻣْﻦ ﻳُِﻄِﻊ اﻟﱠﺮُﺳﻮَل ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ أَﻃَﺎ َ‬ ‫وﺳﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻣﺼﺪر ﺗﺸﺮﻳﻊ أﻳ ً‬
‫ﺿﻼﻻً ُﻣﺒِﻴﻨﺎً﴾‬ ‫ﺿﱠﻞ َ‬ ‫ﺺ اﱠ‪َ َk‬وَرُﺳﻮﻟَﻪُ ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َ‬‫َوَﻣْﻦ ﺗَـَﻮﱠﱃ ﻓََﻤﺎ أَْرَﺳْﻠﻨَﺎَك َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ َﺣِﻔﻴﻈﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪َ﴿ [٨٠ :‬وَﻣْﻦ ﻳَـْﻌ ِ‬
‫]اﻷﺣﺰاب‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪َ﴿ [٣٦‬وَﻣﺎ آَ‪ُÍ‬ﻛُﻢ اﻟﱠﺮُﺳﻮُل ﻓَُﺨُﺬوﻩُ َوَﻣﺎ َ‪َƒ‬ﺎُﻛْﻢ َﻋْﻨﻪُ ﻓَﺎﻧْـﺘَـُﻬﻮا﴾ ]اﳊﺸﺮ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪﴿ [٧‬ﻗُْﻞ‬
‫إِْن ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُْﻢ ُِﲢﺒﱡﻮَن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻓَﺎﺗﱠﺒُِﻌﻮِﱐ ُْﳛﺒِْﺒُﻜُﻢ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬وﻳَـْﻐِﻔْﺮ ﻟَُﻜْﻢ ذُﻧُﻮﺑَُﻜْﻢ َواﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻏَُﻔﻮٌر َرِﺣﻴٌﻢ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪.[٣١ :‬‬
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 ‫‪75‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫‪ -١‬ﻧﺰول اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

‫ﻧﺰل اﻟﻘﺮآن أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ ﰲ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﻘﺪر ﰲ رﻣﻀﺎن‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪ 5‬أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ِﰲ ﻟَْﻴـﻠَِﺔ‬
‫اﻟَْﻘْﺪِر﴾ ]اﻟﻘﺪر‪﴿ [١ :‬إِﱠ‪ 5‬أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ِﰲ ﻟَْﻴـﻠٍَﺔ ُﻣﺒَﺎَرَﻛٍﺔ إِﱠ‪ُ 5‬ﻛﻨﱠﺎ ُﻣْﻨِﺬِرﻳَﻦ )‪ِ (٣‬ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﻳُـْﻔَﺮُق ُﻛﻞﱡ أَْﻣٍﺮ َﺣِﻜﻴٍﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺪﺧﺎن‪:‬‬
‫ت ِﻣَﻦ اْﳍَُﺪى َواﻟُْﻔْﺮﻗَﺎِن﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪:‬‬ ‫س وﺑـﻴِﻨَﺎ ٍ‬ ‫ﻀﺎَن اﻟﱠِﺬي أُﻧِْﺰَل ِﻓﻴِﻪ اﻟُْﻘﺮآُن ﻫﺪ ِ‬
‫ى ﻟﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ َ َ ّ‬
‫ْ ُ ً‬ ‫‪َ﴿ .[٤-٣‬ﺷْﻬُﺮ َرَﻣ َ‬
‫‪.[١٨٥‬‬
‫وﻛﺎن ﻋُُﻤﺮ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ أرﺑﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﺸﻬﻮر ﻋﻨﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ روي ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‬
‫ﺴﻦ ﻫﻲ اﻟﱵ ﻳﻜﻮن ‪Ø‬ﺎ ﺑﻠﻮغ اﻟﺮﺷﺪ وﻛﻤﺎل‬‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ وﻋﻄﺎء وﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ اﳌﺴﻴّﺐ وﻏﲑﻫﻢ‪ .‬وﻫﺬﻩ اﻟ ّ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﻞ وﲤﺎم اﻹدراك‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺬي ﻧﺰل ∞ﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ إﱃ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ أﺣﺪ اﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ اﳌﻘﺮﺑﲔ اﻟﻜﺮام‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻚ ﻟِﺘَُﻜﻮَن ِﻣَﻦ‬
‫ﲔ )‪َ (١٩٣‬ﻋﻠَﻰ ﻗَـْﻠﺒِ َ‬ ‫ب اﻟْﻌﺎﻟَِﻤﲔ )‪ (١٩٢‬ﻧَـﺰَل ﺑِِﻪ اﻟﱡﺮو ِ‬
‫ح اْﻷَﻣ ُ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪َ﴿ :‬وإِﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟَﺘَـْﻨِﺰﻳُﻞ َر ِّ َ َ‬
‫ﺴﺎٍن َﻋَﺮٍِﰊ ُﻣﺒِ ٍ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‪.[١٩٥ -١٩٢ :‬‬ ‫ّ‬ ‫اﻟُْﻤْﻨﺬِرﻳَﻦ )‪ (١٩٤‬ﺑﻠ َ‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻛﺎن ﳉﱪﻳﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺴﻼم ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت اﳊﻤﻴﺪة اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻜﺮم واﻟﻘﻮة واﻟﻘﺮب ﻣﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫واﳌﻜﺎﻧﺔ واﻻﺣﱰام ﺑﲔ اﳌﻼﺋﻜﺔ واﻷﻣﺎﻧﺔ واﳊﺴﻦ واﻟﻄﻬﺎرة ﻣﺎ ﺟﻌﻠﻪ أﻫﻼً ﻷن ﻳﻜﻮن رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻮﺣﻴﻪ‬
‫إﱃ رﺳﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟََﻘْﻮُل َرُﺳﻮٍل َﻛِﺮ ٍﱘ )‪ِ (١٩‬ذي ﻗُـﱠﻮٍة ِﻋْﻨَﺪ ِذي اﻟَْﻌْﺮ ِ‬
‫ش َﻣِﻜ ٍ‬
‫ﲔ )‪ُ (٢٠‬ﻣﻄَﺎٍع َﰒﱠ‬
‫أَِﻣﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻜﻮﻳﺮ‪ .[٢١ -١٩ :‬وﻗﺎل‪َ﴿ :‬ﻋﻠﱠَﻤﻪُ َﺷِﺪﻳُﺪ اﻟُْﻘَﻮى )‪ (٥‬ذُو ِﻣﱠﺮةٍ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَـَﻮى )‪َ (٦‬وُﻫَﻮ ِ∞ْﻷُﻓُِﻖ‬
‫اْﻷَْﻋﻠَﻰ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‪.[٧-٥ :‬‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ِ∞ْﳊِّﻖ ﻟِﻴـﺜَـﺒِ َ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫وﻗﺎل‪﴿ :‬ﻗُﻞ ﻧَـﱠﺰﻟَﻪ روح اﻟُْﻘُﺪ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪:‬‬ ‫ى َوﺑُْﺸَﺮى ﻟْﻠُﻤْﺴﻠِﻤ َ‬
‫ﺖ اﻟﺬﻳَﻦ آَﻣﻨُﻮا َوُﻫﺪ ً‬ ‫س ﻣْﻦ َرﺑِّ َ َ ُ ّ‬ ‫ْ ُُ ُ‬
‫‪.[١٠٢‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺑﱠﲔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻨﺎ أوﺻﺎف ﺟﱪﻳﻞ اﻟﺬي ﻧﺰل ∞ﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ وﺗﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن وﻋﻨﺎﻳﺘﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‬
‫ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻳﺮﺳﻞ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻈﻴًﻤﺎ إﻻ ∞ﻷﻣﻮر اﻟﻌﻈﻴﻤﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪76‬‬
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 ‫‪77‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫‪ -٢‬أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

‫أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ اﻹﻃﻼق ﻗﻄًﻌﺎ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳋﻤﺲ اﻷوﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻌﻠﻖ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫ﺴﺎَن ِﻣْﻦ َﻋﻠٍَﻖ )‪ (٢‬اﻗْـَﺮأْ َوَرﺑﱡ َ‬
‫ﻚ اْﻷَْﻛَﺮُم )‪ (٣‬اﻟﱠِﺬي َﻋﻠﱠَﻢ ِ∞ﻟَْﻘﻠَِﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫﴿اﻗْـﺮأْ ِ∞ﺳِﻢ رﺑِ َ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ )‪َ (١‬ﺧﻠََﻖ اْﻷﻧْ َ‬ ‫َ ْ َّ‬
‫ﺴﺎَن َﻣﺎ َﱂْ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَْﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﻌﻠﻖ‪.[٥ -١:‬‬ ‫ﱠ ِ‬
‫)‪َ (٤‬ﻋﻠَﻢ اْﻷﻧْ َ‬
‫ﰒ ﻓﱰ اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻣﺪة‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳋﻤﺲ اﻷوﱃ ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة اﳌﺪﺛﺮ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﺛِّﺮ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓَﻄَِّﻬْﺮ )‪َ (٤‬واﻟﱡﺮْﺟَﺰ ﻓَﺎْﻫُﺠْﺮ﴾ ]اﳌﺪﺛﺮ‪ .[٥-١:‬ﻓﻔﻲ‬ ‫)‪ (١‬ﻗُْﻢ ﻓَﺄَﻧِْﺬْر )‪َ (٢‬وَرﺑﱠ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓََﻜِّ ْﱪ )‪َ (٣‬وﺛِﻴَﺎﺑَ َ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﺋﺸﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺑﺪء اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻗﺎﻟﺖ‪ :‬ﺣﱴ ﺟﺎءﻩ اﳊﻖ‬
‫وﻫﻮ ﰲ ﻏﺎر ﺣﺮاء‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎءﻩ اﳌﻠﻚ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻗﺮأ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻣﺎ أ‪ 5‬ﺑﻘﺎرئ )ﻳﻌﲏ ﻟﺴﺖ أﻋﺮف اﻟﻘﺮاءة(‬
‫ﺴﺎَن َﻣﺎ َﱂْ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَْﻢ﴾‪.‬‬ ‫ﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻓﺬﻛﺮ اﳊﺪﻳﺚ وﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﰒ ﻗﺎل‪﴿ :‬اﻗْـﺮأْ ِ∞ﺳِﻢ رﺑِ َ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟﺬي َﺧﻠَﻖ﴾ إﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪َ) :‬ﻋﻠَﻢ اْﻷﻧْ َ‬ ‫َ ْ َّ‬
‫وﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬أن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻗﺎل وﻫﻮ ﳛﺪث ﻋﻦ ﻓﱰة اﻟﻮﺣﻲ‪) :‬ﺑﻴﻨﺎ أ‪ 5‬أﻣﺸﻲ إذ ﲰﻌﺖ‬
‫ﺻﻮ‪ ًÍ‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻤﺎء‪(....‬‬
‫ﻓﺬﻛﺮ اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪ ،‬وﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺰل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﺛِّﺮ )‪ (١‬ﻗُْﻢ ﻓَﺄَﻧِْﺬْر﴾ إﱃ ﴿َواﻟﱡﺮْﺟَﺰ ﻓَﺎْﻫُﺠﺮ﴾‪.‬‬
‫وﲦﺖ آ‪ò‬ت ﻳﻘﺎل ﻓﻴﻬﺎ أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل‪ ،‬واﳌﺮاد أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ∞ﻋﺘﺒﺎر ﺷﻲء ﻣﻌﲔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻜﻮن أوﻟﻴﺔ ﻣﻘﻴﺪة ﻣﺜﻞ‪:‬‬
‫ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺤﲔ أن أ∞ ﺳﻠﻤﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺳﺄﻟﻪ‪ :‬أي اﻟﻘﺮآن أﻧﺰل أول؟ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﻚ اﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻖ﴾ ﻓﻘﺎل ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‪ :‬ﻻ أﺧﱪك‬ ‫ﺟﺎﺑﺮ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﺛُِّﺮ﴾ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﺳﻠﻤﺔ‪ :‬أﻧﺒﺌﺖ أﻧﻪ ﴿اﻗْـَﺮأْ ِ∞ْﺳِﻢ َرﺑِّ َ‬
‫إﻻ ﲟﺎ ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪ :‬ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪) :‬ﺟﺎورت ﰲ ﺣﺮاء ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﻀﻴﺖ ﺟﻮاري ﻫﺒﻄﺖ ‪ (...‬ﻓﺬﻛﺮ‬
‫اﳊﺪﻳﺚ وﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﺗﻴﺖ ﺧﺪﳚﺔ ﻓﻘﻠﺖ‪ :‬دﺛﺮوﱐ‪ ،‬وﺻﺒﻮا ﻋﻠﻲ ﻣﺎء ∞رًدا‪ ،‬وأُﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻲ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﺛُِّﺮ﴾ إﱃ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻟﱡﺮْﺟَﺰ ﻓَﺎْﻫُﺠْﺮ﴾‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺬﻩ اﻷوﻟﻴﺔ اﻟﱵ ذﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ∞ﻋﺘﺒﺎر أول ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰل ﺑﻌﺪ ﻓﱰة اﻟﻮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬أو أول ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﰲ‬
‫ﺷﺄن اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ؛ ﻷن ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة اﻗﺮأ ﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺒﻮة اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ ﺳﻮرة اﳌﺪﺛﺮ ﺛﺒﺘﺖ ﺑﻪ اﻟﺮﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬
‫ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿ﻗُْﻢ ﻓَﺄَﻧِْﺬْر﴾ وﳍﺬا ﻗﺎل أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ :‬إن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻧُﺒﺊ ﺑـ ﴿اﻗْـَﺮأْ﴾ وأُرﺳﻞ ﺑـ ﴿اﻟُْﻤﱠﺪﺛُِّﺮ﴾‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪78‬‬
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 ‫‪79‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﻧﺰول اﻟﻘﺮآن اﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ وﺳﺒﱯ‬

‫ﻳﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﻧﺰول اﻟﻘﺮان إﱃ ﻗﺴﻤﲔ‪:‬‬

‫اﻷول‪ :‬اﺑﺘﺪاﺋﻲ‪ :‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﺘﻘﺪم ﻧﺰوﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ آ‪ò‬ت اﻟﻘﺮان‪ ،‬وﻣﻨﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وِﻣ ْﻨـُﻬْﻢ‬
‫ﺼﱠﺪﻗَﱠﻦ وﻟَﻨَُﻜﻮﻧَﱠﻦ ِﻣﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ َﻋﺎﻫَﺪ اﱠ‪ k‬ﻟَﺌِﻦ آَ‪ِ 5َÍ‬ﻣﻦ ﻓَ ْ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ [٧٥ :‬ﻓﺈ‪ƒ‬ﺎ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ اﺑﺘﺪاء ﰲ‬ ‫ﺼﺎﳊِ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻀﻠﻪ ﻟَﻨَ ﱠ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َْ َ َ ْ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺎن ﺣﺎل ﺑﻌﺾ اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﲔ‪ ،‬وأﻣﺎ ﻣﺎ اﺷﺘﻬﺮ ﻣﻦ أ‪ƒ‬ﺎ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﰲ ﺛﻌﻠﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎﻃﺐ ﰲ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻃﻮﻳﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ذﻛﺮﻫﺎ ﻛﺜﲑ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﳌﻔﺴﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬وروﺟﻬﺎ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻮﻋﺎظ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﻌﻴﻒ ﻻ ﺻﺤﺔ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺳﺒﱯ‪ :‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺪم ﻧﺰوﻟﻪ ﺳﺒﺐ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ‪ .‬واﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪:‬‬
‫ﺞ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪:‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س َواْﳊَ ِّ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋِﻦ اْﻷَِﻫﻠﱠِﺔ ﻗُْﻞ ِﻫَﻲ َﻣَﻮاِﻗﻴ ُ‬ ‫أ ‪ -‬إﻣﺎ ﺳﺆال ﳚﻴﺐ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ ﴿ﻳَْﺴﺄَﻟﻮﻧَ َ‬
‫‪.[١٨٩‬‬
‫ﺐ﴾‬ ‫ب ‪ -‬أو ﺣﺎدﺛﺔ وﻗﻌﺖ ﲢﺘﺎج إﱃ ﺑﻴﺎن وﲢﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻟَﺌِْﻦ َﺳﺄَﻟْﺘَـُﻬْﻢ ﻟَﻴَـُﻘﻮﻟُﱠﻦ إِﱠﳕَﺎ ُﻛﻨﱠﺎ َﳔُﻮ ُ‬
‫ض َوﻧَـْﻠَﻌ ُ‬
‫]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪ [٦٥‬اﻵﻳﺘﲔ ﻧﺰﻟﺘﺎ ﰲ رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﲔ ﻗﺎل ﰲ ﻏﺰوة ﺗﺒﻮك ﰲ ﳎﻠﺲ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ رأﻳﻨﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗُـﱠﺮاﺋﻨﺎ‬
‫ﻫﺆﻻء أرﻏﺐ ﺑﻄﻮً‪ ،5‬وﻻ أﻛﺬب أﻟﺴﻨًﺎ‪ ،‬وﻻ أﺟﱭ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻠﻘﺎء‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﲏ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺒﻠﻎ ذﻟﻚ‬
‫‪َ k‬وآَ‪ò‬ﺗِِﻪ َوَرُﺳﻮﻟِِﻪ ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُْﻢ ﺗَْﺴﺘَـْﻬِﺰﺋُﻮَن﴾‬
‫رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ وﻧﺰل اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﺎء اﻟﺮﺟﻞ ﻳﻌﺘﺬر اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻓﻴﺠﻴﺒﻪ ﴿أَِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪.[٦٥ :‬‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ َزْوِﺟَﻬﺎ َوﺗَْﺸﺘَِﻜﻲ إَِﱃ‬
‫ج‪ -‬أو ﻓﻌﻞ واﻗﻊ ﳛﺘﺎج إﱃ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻣﺜﻞ‪﴿ :‬ﻗَْﺪ َِﲰَﻊ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻗَـْﻮَل اﻟﱠِﱵ ُﲡَﺎِدﻟُ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲑ﴾ ]ا‪0‬ﺎدﻟﺔ‪.[١:‬‬ ‫اﱠ‪َ k‬واﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻳَْﺴَﻤُﻊ َﲢَﺎُوَرُﻛَﻤﺎ إِﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﲰﻴٌﻊ ﺑَﺼ ٌ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪80‬‬

‫ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ أﺳﺒﺎب اﻟﻨﺰول‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ أﺳﺒﺎب اﻟﻨﺰول ﻣﻬﻤﺔ ﺟًﺪا‪ ،‬ﻷ‪ƒ‬ﺎ ﺗﺆدي إﱃ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﻛﺜﲑة ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺑﻴﺎن أن اﻟﻘﺮان ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻷن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻳُﺴﺄل ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻲء‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻋﻦ اﳉﻮاب‬
‫أﺣﻴﺎً‪ ،5‬ﺣﱴ ﻳﻨﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﻮﺣﻲ‪ ،‬أو ﳜﻔﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻨﺰل اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻣﺒﻴﻨًﺎ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ح ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻣِﺮ َرِّﰊ َوَﻣﺎ أُوﺗِﻴﺘُْﻢ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ إِﻻ ﻗَﻠِﻴﻼً﴾‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل اﻷول‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻳَْﺴﺄَﻟﻮﻧَ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺮوِح ﻗُِﻞ اﻟﱡﺮو ُ‬
‫]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪ .[٨٥ :‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬أن رﺟﻼً ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﺖ أﻧﻪ ﻳُﻮﺣﻰ‬ ‫‪ ò‬أ∞ اﻟﻘﺎﺳﻢ ﻣﺎ اﻟﺮوح؟ ﻓﺴﻜﺖ‪ ،‬وﰲ ﻟﻔﻆ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻣﺴﻚ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳَـُﺮﱠد ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﻠﻤ ُ‬
‫ح ِﻣْﻦ أَْﻣِﺮ َرِّﰊ﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪:‬‬ ‫ﻚ َﻋِﻦ اﻟﱡﺮوِح ﻗُِﻞ اﻟﱡﺮو ُ‬ ‫إﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﻤﺖ ﻣﻘﺎﻣﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻧﺰل اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻗﺎل ﴿َوﻳَْﺴﺄَﻟﻮﻧَ َ‬
‫‪.[٨٥‬‬
‫وﻣﺜﺎل اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن ﻟَﺌِْﻦ َرَﺟْﻌﻨَﺎ إَِﱃ اﻟَْﻤِﺪﻳﻨَِﺔ ﻟَﻴُْﺨِﺮَﺟﱠﻦ اْﻷََﻋﱡﺰ ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ اْﻷََذّل﴾ ]اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﻮن‪[٨ :‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري أن زﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ أرﻗﻢ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﲰﻊ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ اﺑﻦ أُﰊ رأس اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﲔ ﻳﻘﻮل ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫أﻧﻪ اﻷﻋﺰ ورﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ اﻷذل‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﱪ زﻳﺪ ﻋﻤﻪ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﺧﱪ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻓﺪﻋﺎ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‬
‫زﻳًﺪا ﻓﺄﺧﱪﻩ ﲟﺎ ﲰﻊ‪ ،‬ﰒ أرﺳﻞ إﱃ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ اﺑﻦ أُﰊ وأﺻﺤﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﻠﻔﻮا ﻣﺎ ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‪ ،‬ﻓﺼﺪﻗﻬﻢ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻧﺰل ﷲ ﺗﺼﺪﻳﻖ زﻳﺪ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵﻳﺔ؛ ﻓﺎﺳﺘﺒﺎن اﻷﻣﺮ ﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﺮﺳﻮﻟﻪ ﷺ ﰲ اﻟﺪﻓﺎع ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻗَﺎَل اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ َﻛَﻔُﺮوا ﻟَْﻮﻻ ﻧُـ ِّﺰَل‬
‫ﺖ ﺑِِﻪ ﻓُـَﺆاَدَك َوَرﺗﱠـْﻠﻨَﺎﻩُ ﺗَـْﺮﺗِﻴﻼً﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‪ [٣٢ :‬وﻛﺬﻟﻚ آ‪ò‬ت اﻹﻓﻚ؛‬ ‫َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ اﻟُْﻘْﺮآُن ُﲨْﻠَﺔً َواِﺣَﺪةً َﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻟِﻨُـﺜَـﺒِّ َ‬
‫ﻓﺈ‪ƒ‬ﺎ دﻓﺎع ﻋﻦ ﻓﺮاش اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ وﺗﻄﻬًﲑا ﻟﻪ ﻋّﻤﺎ دﻧﺴﻪ ﺑﻪ اﻷﻓﺎﻛﻮن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻋﻨﺎﻳﺔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻌﺒﺎدﻩ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺞ ﻛﺮ∞‪Ò‬ﻢ وإزاﻟﺔ ﻏﻤﻮﻣﻬﻢ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ آﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻴﻤﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ "ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري" أﻧﻪ ﺿﺎع ﻋﻘﺪ ﻟﻌﺎﺋﺸﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ أﺳﻔﺎرﻩ ﻓﺄﻗﺎم اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‬
‫ﻟﻄﻠﺒﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻗﺎم اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺎء‪ ،‬ﻓﺸﻜﻮا ذﻟﻚ إﱃ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺬﻛﺮ اﳊﺪﻳﺚ وﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻧﺰل ﷲ آﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻴﻤﻢ‬
‫ﻓﺘﻴﻤﻤﻮا ﻓﻘﺎل أُﺳﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﻀﲑ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻫﻲ ‪±‬ول ﺑﺮﻛﺘﻜﻢ ‪ ò‬آل أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ‪ .‬واﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﰲ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻣﻄﻮﻻً‪.‬‬
‫ﺼَﻔﺎ واﻟْﻤﺮوةَ ِﻣﻦ َﺷﻌﺎﺋِِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻓََﻤْﻦ‬ ‫‪ -٤‬ﻓﻬﻢ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﺼﺤﻴﺢ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠن اﻟ ﱠ َ َ ْ َ ْ َ‬
‫ف ِ‪َِØ‬ﻤﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٥٨:‬أي ﻳﺴﻌﻰ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‬ ‫ﺖ أَِو اْﻋﺘََﻤَﺮ ﻓَﻼ ُﺟﻨَﺎَح َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ أَْن ﻳَﻄﱠﱠﻮ َ‬
‫َﺣﱠﺞ اﻟْﺒَـْﻴ َ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﻼ ُﺟﻨَﺎَح َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٥٨:‬أن ﻏﺎﻳﺔ أﻣﺮ اﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻦ ﻗﺴﻢ اﳌﺒﺎح‪ ،‬وﰲ‬
‫ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ ﻋﺎﺻﻢ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻠﻴﻤﺎن ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺳﺄﻟﺖ أﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﻔﺎ واﳌﺮوة‪،‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﺮى أ‪ƒ‬ﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮ اﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻛﺎن اﻹﺳﻼم أﻣﺴﻜﻨﺎ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻧﺰل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠن اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼَﻔﺎ‬
‫ف ِ‪َِØ‬ﻤﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪.[١٥٨:‬‬ ‫واﻟْﻤﺮوةَ ِﻣﻦ َﺷﻌﺎﺋِِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪] ﴾k‬اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٥٨:‬إﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬أَْن ﻳَﻄﱠﱠﻮ َ‬ ‫َ َ َْ ْ َ‬
 ‫‪81‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫و‪Ø‬ﺬا ﻋُﺮف أن ﻧﻔﻲ اﳉﻨﺎح ﻟﻴﺲ اﳌﺮاد ﺑﻪ ﺑﻴﺎن أﺻﻞ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺴﻌﻲ‪ ،‬وإﳕﺎ اﳌﺮاد ﻧﻔﻲ ﲢﺮﺟﻬﻢ ˛ﻣﺴﺎﻛﻬﻢ‬
‫‪﴾k‬‬‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﺮون أ‪ƒ‬ﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮ اﳉﺎﻫﻠﻴﺔ‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ أﺻﻞ ﺣﻜﻢ اﻟﺴﻌﻲ ﻓﻘﺪ ﺗﺒﲔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ِ﴿ :‬ﻣﻦ َﺷﻌﺎﺋِِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ َ‬
‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪.[١٥٨:‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪82‬‬

‫ﻋﻤﻮم اﻟﻠﻔﻆ وﺧﺼﻮص اﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪:‬‬

‫إذا ﻧﺰﻟﺖ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻟﺴﺒﺐ ﺧﺎص‪ ،‬وﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ ﻋﺎم ﻛﺎن ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻼً ﻟﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻨﺎوﻟﻪ ﻟﻔﻈﻬﺎ؛ ﻷن‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮان ﻧﺰل ﺗﺸﺮﻳًﻌﺎ ﻋﺎًﻣﺎ ﳉﻤﻴﻊ اﻷﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻌﱪة ﺑﻌﻤﻮم ﻟﻔﻈﻪ ﻻ ﲞﺼﻮص ﺳﺒﺒﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠِ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ‪ :‬آ‪ò‬ت اﻟﻠﻌﺎن‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻟﺬﻳَﻦ ﻳَـْﺮُﻣﻮَن أَْزَواَﺟُﻬْﻢ َوَﱂْ ﻳَُﻜْﻦ َﳍُْﻢ ُﺷَﻬَﺪاءُ إﱠﻻ أَﻧْـُﻔ ُ‬
‫ﺴُﻬْﻢ﴾‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‪ .[٩-٦ :‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ‬ ‫إﱃ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿إِْن َﻛﺎَن ِﻣﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺎدﻗ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬أن ﻫﻼل ﺑﻦ أﻣﻴﺔ ﻗﺬف اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺑﺸﺮﻳﻚ ﺑﻦ ﺳﺤﻤﺎء ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ :‬اﻟﺒﻴﻨﺔ أو‬
‫ﺣﱞﺪ ﰲ ﻇﻬﺮك‪ .‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻫﻼل‪ :‬واﻟﺬي ﺑﻌﺜﻚ ∞ﳊﻖ‪ ،‬إﱐ ﻟﺼﺎدق ﻓﻠﻴﻨﺰﻟﻦ ﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻳﱪئ ﻇﻬﺮي ﻣﻦ اﳊﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﺰل‬
‫ﲔ﴾‬ ‫ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‪ ،‬وأﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪﴿ :‬واﻟﱠِﺬﻳﻦ ﻳـﺮﻣﻮَن أَْزواﺟﻬﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﻮر‪ [٦:‬ﻓﻘﺮأ ﺣﱴ ﺑﻠﻎ ﴿إِْن َﻛﺎَن ِﻣﻦ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺎدﻗ َ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َ َُْ‬ ‫َ َ َُْ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﻮر‪.[٩ :‬‬
‫ﻓﻬﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺑﺴﺒﺐ ﻗﺬف ﻫﻼل ﺑﻦ أﻣﻴﺔ ﻻﻣﺮأﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﺣﻜﻤﻬﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻟﻪ وﻟﻐﲑﻩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ رواﻩ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﺳﻬﻞ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬أن ﻋﻮﳝﺮ اﻟﻌﺠﻼﱐ ﺟﺎء إﱃ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ò :‬رﺳﻮل‬
‫ﷲ‪ ،‬رﺟﻞ وﺟﺪ ﻣﻊ اﻣﺮأﺗﻪ رﺟﻼً أﻳﻘﺘﻠﻪ ﻓﺘﻘﺘﻠﻮﻧﻪ أم ﻛﻴﻒ ﻳﺼﻨﻊ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ :‬ﻗﺪ أﻧﺰل ﷲ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻓﻴﻚ‬
‫وﰲ ﺻﺎﺣﺒﺘﻚ‪ :‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮﳘﺎ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ ∞ﳌﻼﻋﻨﺔ ﲟﺎ ﲰﻰ ﷲ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ .‬اﳊﺪﻳﺚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺠﻌﻞ اﻟﺒﲏ ﷺ ﺣﻜﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت ﺷﺎﻣﻼ ﳍﻼل ﺑﻦ أﻣﻴﺔ وﻏﲑﻩ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪83‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫‪ -٤‬اﳌﻜﻲ واﳌﺪﱐ‬

‫ﻧﺰل اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ُﻣﻔﺮﻗًﺎ ﰲ ﺧﻼل ﺛﻼث وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻀﻰ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ أﻛﺜﺮﻫﺎ ﲟﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﺚ َوﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ﺗَـْﻨِﺰﻳﻼً﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪ [١٠٦ :‬وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﻗﺴﻢ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿َوﻗُـْﺮآ‪ ً5‬ﻓَـَﺮﻗْـﻨَﺎﻩُ ﻟِﺘَـْﻘَﺮأَﻩُ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻣْﻜ ٍ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء رﲪﻬﻢ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ اﻟﻘﺮآن إﱃ ﻗﺴﻤﲔ‪ :‬ﻣﻜﻲ وﻣﺪﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﳌﻜﻲ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺠﺮﺗﻪ إﱃ‬
‫اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫واﳌﺪﱐ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻫﺠﺮﺗﻪ إﱃ اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ ﻟَُﻜُﻢ اﻹﺳﻼم ِدﻳﻨﺎً﴾‬
‫ﺿﻴ ُ‬ ‫ْ َ ََ‬ ‫ﺖ ﻟَُﻜْﻢ ِدﻳﻨَُﻜْﻢ َوأَْﲤَْﻤ ُ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋﻠَْﻴُﻜﻢ ﻧِْﻌﻤِﱵ ور ِ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻓﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬اﻟْﻴَـْﻮَم أَْﻛَﻤْﻠ ُ‬
‫]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪ [٣:‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﳌﺪﱐ وإن ﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻗﺪ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﰲ ﺣﺠﺔ اﻟﻮداع ﺑﻌﺮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺪ ﻋﺮﻓﻨﺎ ذﻟﻚ اﻟﻴﻮم‪ ،‬واﳌﻜﺎن اﻟﺬي ﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪،‬‬
‫ﻧﺰﻟﺖ وﻫﻮ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺑﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻳﻮم ﲨﻌﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﺘﻤﻴﺰ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﳌﻜﻲ ﻋﻦ اﳌﺪﱐ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب واﳌﻮﺿﻮع‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬أﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب ﻓﻬﻮ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﰲ اﳌﻜﻲ ﻗﻮة اﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪ ،‬وﺷﺪة اﳋﻄﺎب؛ ﻷن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ُﻣﻌﺮﺿﻮن ﻣﺴﺘﻜﱪون‪ ،‬وﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ‪Ø‬ﻢ إﻻ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬أﻗﺮأ ﺳﻮرﰐ اﳌﺪﺛﺮ‪ ،‬واﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪.‬‬
‫أﻣﺎ اﳌﺪﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﰲ أﺳﻠﻮﺑﻪ اﻟﻠﲔ‪ ،‬وﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ اﳋﻄﺎب؛ ﻷن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﻣﻘﺒﻠﻮن ﻣﻨﻘﺎدون‪ ،‬أﻗﺮا ﺳﻮرة‬
‫اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﺮ اﻵ‪ò‬ت‪ ،‬وﻗﻮة اﶈﺎﺟﺔ؛ ﻷن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﺪون ﻣﺸﺎﻗﻮن‪ ،‬ﻓﺨﻮﻃﺒﻮا ﲟﺎ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ -٢‬اﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﰲ اﳌﻜﻲ ﻗ َ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺣﺎﳍﻢ‪ ،‬أﻗﺮا ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻄﻮر‪.‬‬
‫أﻣﺎ اﳌﺪﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻃﻮل اﻵ‪ò‬ت‪ ،‬وذﻛﺮ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم‪ ،‬ﻣﺮﺳﻠﺔ ﺑﺪون ﳏﺎﺟﺔ؛ ﻷن ﺣﺎﳍﻢ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻲ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬أﻗﺮأ‬
‫آﻳﺔ اﻟﱠﺪﻳﻦ ﰲ ﺳﻮرة اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪84‬‬

‫ب‪ -‬وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﻴﺚ اﳌﻮﺿﻮع ﻓﻬﻮ‪:‬‬

‫ﺻﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ واﻹﳝﺎن‬
‫‪ -١‬اﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﰲ اﳌﻜﻲ ﺗﻘﺮﻳﺮ اﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ واﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة اﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮ ً‬
‫∞ﻟﺒﻌﺚ؛ ﻷن ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﻳﻨﻜﺮون ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫أﻣﺎ اﳌﺪﱐ‪ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﻐﺎﻟﺐ ﻓﻴﻪ ﺗﻔﺼﻴﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات واﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼت؛ ﻷن اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ﻗﺪ ﺗﻘﺮر ﰲ ﻧﻔﻮﺳﻬﻢ اﻟﺘﻮﺣﻴﺪ‬
‫واﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة اﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻢ ﰲ ﺣﺎﺟﺔ ﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺎدات واﳌﻌﺎﻣﻼت‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬اﻹﻓﺎﺿﺔ ﰲ ذﻛﺮ اﳉﻬﺎد وأﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ واﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﲔ وأﺣﻮاﳍﻢ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﳌﺪﱐ ﻻﻗﺘﻀﺎء اﳊﺎل‪ ،‬ذﻟﻚ ﺣﻴﺚ‬
‫ﺷﺮع اﳉﻬﺎد‪ ،‬وﻇﻬﺮ اﻟﻨﻔﺎق ﲞﻼف اﻟﻘﺴﻢ اﳌﻜﻲ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪85‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﳌﺪﱐ واﳌﻜﻲ‪:‬‬
‫ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ اﳌﻜﻲ واﳌﺪﱐ ﻧﻮع ﻣﻦ أﻧﻮاع ﻋﻠﻮم اﻟﻘﺮآن اﳌﻬﻤﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻷن ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻇﻬﻮر ﺑﻼﻏﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ أﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮاﺗﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﳜﺎﻃﺐ ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮم ﲟﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺣﺎﳍﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮة وﺷﺪة‪ ،‬أو ﻟﲔ‬
‫وﺳﻬﻮﻟﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻇﻬﻮر ﺣﻜﻤﺔ اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ ﰲ أﲰﻰ ﻏﺎ‪ò‬ﺗﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﺪرج ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ ﻓﺸﻴﺌًﺎ ﲝﺴﺐ اﻷﻫﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺣﺎل‬
‫اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ واﺳﺘﻌﺪادﻫﻢ ﻟﻠﻘﺒﻮل واﻟﺘﻨﻔﻴﺬ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺗﺮﺑﻴﺔ اﻟﺪﻋﺎة إﱃ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬وﺗﻮﺟﻴﻬﻬﻢ إﱃ أن ﻳﺘﺒﻌﻮا ﻣﺎ ﺳﻠﻜﻪ اﻟﻘﺮان ﰲ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب واﳌﻮﺿﻮع‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ‪ ،‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺒﺪأ ∞ﻷﻫﻢ ﻓﺎﻷﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ اﻟﺸﺪة ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ واﻟﺴﻬﻮﻟﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﲤﻴﻴﺰ اﻟﻨﺎﺳﺦ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺴﻮخ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ وردت آﻳﺘﺎن ﻣﻜﻴﺔ وﻣﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺤﻘﻖ ﻓﻴﻬﻤﺎ ﺷﺮوط اﻟﻨﺴﺦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن‬
‫اﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ‪5‬ﺳﺨﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻜﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﺄﺧﺮ اﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪86‬‬

‫اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻧﺰول اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻔﺮﻗًﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن إﱃ ﻣﻜﻲ وﻣﺪﱐ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺒﲔ أﻧﻪ ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻣﻔﺮﻗًﺎ‪ .‬وﻟﻨﺰوﻟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﺣﻜﻢ‬
‫ﻛﺜﲑة ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺗﺜﺒﻴﺖ ﻗﻠﺐ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻗَﺎَل اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ َﻛَﻔُﺮوا ﻟَْﻮﻻ ﻧُـ ِّﺰَل َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ اﻟُْﻘْﺮآُن ُﲨْﻠَﺔً َواِﺣَﺪةً﴾ ‪-‬ﻳﻌﲏ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ ﻟِﻨُـﺜَـﺒِّ َ‬
‫ﺖ ﺑِِﻪ ﻓُـَﺆاَدَك َوَرﺗﱠـْﻠﻨَﺎﻩُ ﺗَـْﺮﺗﻴﻼً )‪َ (٣٢‬وﻻ َ‪ْÔ‬ﺗُﻮﻧَ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﲟَﺜٍَﻞ إِﱠﻻ ِﺟ ْﺌـﻨَﺎَك ِ∞ْﳊَِّﻖ‬ ‫ﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﻧﺰﻟﻨﺎﻩ ﻣﻔﺮﻗًﺎ‪َ﴿ -‬ﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﺴَﻦ ﺗَـْﻔِﺴﲑاً﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺮﻗﺎن‪[٣٣-٣٢:‬‬ ‫َوأَْﺣ َ‬
‫‪ -٢‬أن ﻳﺴﻬﻞ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﺎس ﺣﻔﻈﻪ وﻓﻬﻤﻪ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﻘﺮأ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ ﻓﺸﻴﺌًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻗُـْﺮآ‪ً5‬‬
‫ﺚ َوﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ ﺗَـْﻨِﺰﻳﻼً﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪.[١٠٦ :‬‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﻓَـَﺮﻗْـﻨَﺎﻩُ ﻟِﺘَـْﻘَﺮأَﻩُ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻣْﻜ ٍ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﺗﻨﺸﻴﻂ اﳍﻤﻢ ﻟﻘﺒﻮل ﻣﺎ ﻧﺰل ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮان وﺗﻨﻔﻴﺬﻩ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﺸﻮق اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑﻠﻬﻒ وﺷﻮق إﱃ ﻧﺰول اﻵﻳﺔ‪،‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ﻋﻨﺪ اﺷﺘﺪاد اﳊﺎﺟﺔ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ آ‪ò‬ت اﻹﻓﻚ واﻟﻠﻌﺎن‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬اﻟﺘﺪرج ﰲ اﻟﺘﺸﺮﻳﻊ ﺣﱴ ﻳﺼﻞ إﱃ درﺟﺔ اﻟﻜﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ آ‪ò‬ت اﳋﻤﺮ اﻟﺬي ﻧﺸﺄ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻴﻪ وأﻟﻔﻮﻩ‪،‬‬
‫ﻚ َﻋِﻦ‬ ‫وﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﻌﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ أن ُﳚﺎ‪Ø‬ﻮا ∞ﳌﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻨًﻌﺎ ∞ً‪ ،Í‬ﻓﻨﺰل ﰲ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ أوﻻً ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻳَْﺴﺄَﻟﻮﻧَ َ‬
‫ﱪ ِﻣْﻦ ﻧَـْﻔِﻌِﻬَﻤﺎ﴾]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢١٩:‬ﻓﻜﺎن ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ﲑ َوَﻣﻨَﺎﻓُِﻊ ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ ِ‬
‫س َوإ ْﲦُُﻬَﻤﺎ أَْﻛ َُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اْﳋَْﻤِﺮ َواﻟَْﻤْﻴﺴِﺮ ﻗُْﻞ ﻓﻴِﻬَﻤﺎ إِْﰒٌ َﻛﺒِ ٌ‬
‫اﻵﻳﺔ ‪Ò‬ﻴﺌﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﻔﻮس ﻟﻘﺒﻮل ﲢﺮﳝﻪ ﺣﻴﺚ إن اﻟﻌﻘﻞ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻲ أن ﻻ ﳝﺎرس ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ إﲦﻪ أﻛﱪ ﻣﻦ ﻧﻔﻌﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼﻼةَ َوأَﻧْـﺘُْﻢ ُﺳَﻜﺎَرى َﺣﱠﱴ ﺗَـْﻌﻠَُﻤﻮا َﻣﺎ ﺗَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن﴾‬ ‫ﰒ ﻧﺰل √ﻧﻴًﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ آَﻣﻨُﻮا ﻻ ﺗَـْﻘَﺮﺑُﻮا اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [٤٣:‬ﻓﻜﺎن ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵﻳﺔ ﲤﺮﻳﻦ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﺮﻛﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷوﻗﺎت وﻫﻲ أوﻗﺎت اﻟﺼﻠﻮات‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻧﺰل √ﻟﺜﺎ‬
‫ﺸْﻴﻄَﺎِن‬‫ﺲ ِﻣْﻦ َﻋَﻤِﻞ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ب َواْﻷَْزﻻُم ِرْﺟ ٌ‬ ‫ﺼﺎ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﱠﺬﻳَﻦ آَﻣﻨُﻮا إِﱠﳕَﺎ اْﳋَْﻤُﺮ َواﻟَْﻤْﻴﺴُﺮ َواْﻷَﻧْ َ‬
‫ﻀﺎَء ِﰲ اْﳋَْﻤِﺮ َواﻟَْﻤْﻴِﺴِﺮ‬‫ﺸْﻴﻄَﺎُن أَْن ﻳُﻮِﻗَﻊ ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَُﻜُﻢ اﻟَْﻌَﺪاَوةَ َواﻟْﺒَـْﻐ َ‬ ‫ﻓَﺎْﺟﺘَﻨِﺒُﻮﻩُ ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗُـْﻔﻠُِﺤﻮن )‪ (٩٠‬إِﱠﳕَﺎ ﻳُِﺮﻳُﺪ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼﻼةِ ﻓَـَﻬْﻞ أَﻧْـﺘُْﻢ ُﻣ ْﻨـﺘَـُﻬﻮن )‪َ (٩١‬وأَِﻃﻴُﻌﻮا اﱠ‪َ َk‬وأَِﻃﻴُﻌﻮا اﻟﱠﺮُﺳﻮَل َواْﺣَﺬُروا ﻓَِﺈْن‬ ‫‪َ k‬وَﻋِﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫وﻳﺼﱠﺪُﻛﻢ َﻋﻦ ِذْﻛِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ََ ُ ْ ْ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪ [٩٢-٩٠:‬ﻓﻜﺎن ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳌﻨﻊ ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﺗَـَﻮﻟﱠْﻴـﺘُْﻢ ﻓَﺎْﻋﻠَُﻤﻮا أَﱠﳕَﺎ َﻋﻠَﻰ َرُﺳﻮﻟﻨَﺎ اﻟْﺒَﻼغُ اﻟُْﻤﺒِ ُ‬
‫اﳋﻤﺮ ﻣﻨًﻌﺎ ∞ً‪ Í‬ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ اﻷوﻗﺎت‪ ،‬ﺑﻌﺪ أن ُﻫﻴﺌﺖ اﻟﻨﻔﻮس‪ ،‬ﰒ ُﻣﺮﻧﺖ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻨﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻷوﻗﺎت‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪87‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻘﺮان‪:‬‬
‫ﻀﺎ ﺣﺴﺒﻤﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻣﻜﺘﻮب ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ وﳏﻔﻮظ ﰲ اﻟﺼﺪور‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ :‬ﺗﻼوﺗﻪ ‪Í‬ﻟﻴًﺎ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺑﻌ ً‬
‫وﻫﻮ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻧﻮاع‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻷول‪ :‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا √ﺑﺖ ∞ﻟﻨﺺ واﻹﲨﺎع‪،‬‬
‫وﻻ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﳐﺎﻟًﻔﺎ ﰲ وﺟﻮﺑﻪ وﲢﺮﱘ ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﳚﻮز أن ﻳﻘﺮأ‪ $ :‬اﳊﻤﺪ رب اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ﺑﺪﻻ ﻣﻦ ﴿اْﳊﻤُﺪ ِﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َْ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪.[٢:‬‬ ‫ب اﻟَْﻌﺎﻟَِﻤ َ‬
‫َر ِّ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻵ‪ò‬ت ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻛﻞ آﻳﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻮرة‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا √ﺑﺖ ∞ﻟﻨﺺ واﻹﲨﺎع‪،‬‬
‫وﻫﻮ واﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻘﻮل اﻟﺮاﺟﺢ‪ ،‬وﲢﺮم ﳐﺎﻟﻔﺘﻪ وﻻ ﳚﻮز أن ﻳﻘﺮأ‪ :‬ﻣﺎﻟﻚ ﻳﻮم اﻟﺪﻳﻦ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ اﻟﺮﺣﻴﻢ ﺑﺪًﻻ‬
‫ﻚ ﻳَـْﻮِم اﻟ ِّﺪﻳِﻦ﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪ [٤:‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري أن ﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‪﴿ :‬اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ اﻟﱠﺮِﺣﻴِﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪﴿ [٣ :‬ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﷲ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺰﺑﲑ ﻗﺎل ﻟﻌﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ﻳُـﺘَـَﻮﻓﱠـْﻮَن ِﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ َوﻳََﺬُروَن أَْزَواﺟﺎً‬
‫ﲑ إِْﺧَﺮاٍج﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢٤٠:‬ﻗﺪ ﻧﺴﺨﻬﺎ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻷﺧﺮى ﻳﻌﲏ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬
‫َوﺻﻴﱠﺔً ﻷَْزَواﺟِﻬْﻢ َﻣﺘَﺎﻋﺎً إَﱃ اْﳊَْﻮل ﻏَ ْ َ‬
‫ﺼَﻦ ِ‪َ±‬ﻧْـُﻔِﺴِﻬﱠﻦ أَْرﺑَـَﻌﺔَ أَْﺷُﻬٍﺮ َوَﻋْﺸﺮاً﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢٣٤:‬وﻫﺬﻩ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫﴿َواﻟﱠﺬﻳَﻦ ﻳُـﺘَـَﻮﻓﱠـْﻮَن ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ َوﻳََﺬُروَن أَْزَواﺟﺎً ﻳَ ََ‬
‫ﱰﺑﱠ ْ‬
‫ﻗﺒﻠﻬﺎ ﰲ اﻟﺘﻼوة ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﺗﻜﺘﺒﻬﺎ؟ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ò :‬اﺑﻦ أﺧﻲ ﻻ أﻏﲑ ﺷﻴًﺌﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻜﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وروى اﻹﻣﺎم أﲪﺪ وأﺑﻮ داود واﻟﻨﺴﺎﺋﻲ واﻟﱰﻣﺬي ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬أن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻛﺎن‬
‫ﻳﻨﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺴﻮر ذوات اﻟﻌﺪد‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎن إذا ﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ اﻟﺸﻲء‪ ،‬دﻋﺎ ﺑﻌﺾ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻜﺘﺐ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‪ ،‬ﺿﻌﻮا‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت ﰲ اﻟﺴﻮرة اﻟﱵ ﻳُﺬﻛﺮ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺬا وﻛﺬا‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﺴﻮر ﲝﻴﺚ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻛﻞ ﺳﻮرة ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا √ﺑﺖ ∞ﻻﺟﺘﻬﺎد ﻓﻼ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻮن واﺟﺒًﺎ‪ .‬وﰲ "ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ" ﻋﻦ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻴﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬أﻧﻪ ﺻﻠّﻰ ﻣﻊ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ذات‬
‫ﻟﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺮأ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ ،‬ﰒ اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ ،‬ﰒ آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪.‬‬
‫وروى اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﺗﻌﻠﻴًﻘﺎ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺣﻨﻒ‪ :‬أﻧﻪ ﻗﺮأ ﰲ اﻷوﱃ ∞ﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪ ،‬وﰲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﺑﻴﻮﺳﻒ أو ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ ،‬وذﻛﺮ أن‬
‫ﺻﻠﻰ ﻣﻊ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب اﻟﺼﺒﺢ ‪Ø‬ﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺷﻴﺦ اﻹﺳﻼم اﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ " :‬ﲡﻮر ﻗﺮاءة ﻫﺬﻩ ﻗﺒﻞ ﻫﺬﻩ‪ ،‬وﻛﺬا ﰲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬وﳍﺬا ﺗﻨﻮﻋﺖ ﻣﺼﺎﺣﻒ‬
‫اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ ﳌﺎ اﺗﻔﻘﻮا ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﺼﺤﻒ ﰲ زﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺻﺎر‬
‫ﻫﺬا ﳑﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ اﳋﻠﻔﺎء اﻟﺮاﺷﺪون‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ دل اﳊﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﳍﻢ ﺳﻨﺔ ﳚﺐ اﺗﺒﺎﻋﻬﺎ " اﻫـ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪88‬‬
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 ‫‪89‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫‪ -٥‬ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن وﲨﻌﻪ‬

‫ﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن وﲨﻌﻪ ﺛﻼث ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‪:‬‬

‫اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻷوﱃ‪ :‬ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳊﻔﻆ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻻﻋﺘﻤﺎد ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮة اﻟﺬاﻛﺮة وﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﳊﻔﻆ وﻗﻠﺔ اﻟﻜﺎﺗﺒﲔ ووﺳﺎﺋﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟﺬﻟﻚ ﱂ ﳚﻤﻊ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ ﺑﻞ ﻛﺎن‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﲰﻊ آﻳﺔ ﺣﻔﻈﻬﺎ‪ ،‬أو ﻛﺘﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻴﺴﺮ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺴﺐ اﻟﻨﺨﻞ‪ ،‬ورﻗﺎع اﳉﻠﻮد‪ ،‬وﳋﺎف اﳊﺠﺎرة‪ ،‬وﻛﺴﺮ‬
‫اﻷﻛﺘﺎف وﻛﺎن اﻟﻘﺮاء ﻋﺪًدا ﻛﺒًﲑا‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ " ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري " ﻋﻦ أﻧﺲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺎﻟﻚ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬أن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺑﻌﺚ ﺳﺒﻌﲔ رﺟﻼً ﻳﻘﺎل ﳍﻢ‪:‬‬
‫اﻟُﻘﱠﺮاء‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺮض ﳍﻢ ﺣﻴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ ﺳﻠﻴﻢ رﻋﻞ وذﻛﻮان ﻋﻨﺪ ﺑﺌﺮ ﻣﻌﻮﻧﺔ ﻓﻘﺘﻠﻮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﰲ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﻏﲑﻫﻢ ﻛﺜﲑ‬
‫ﻛﺎﳋﻠﻔﺎء اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ‪ ،‬وﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‪ ،‬وﺳﺎﱂ ﻣﻮﱃ أﰊ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‪ ،‬وأﰊ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ‪ ،‬وﻣﻌﺎذ ﺑﻦ ﺟﺒﻞ‪ ،‬وزﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ‬
‫√ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬وأﰊ اﻟﺪرداء رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺸﺮة ﻣﻦ اﳍﺠﺮة‪ .‬وﺳﺒﺒﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺘﻞ ﰲ وﻗﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻴﻤﺎﻣﺔ ﻋﺪد ﻛﺒﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮاء ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﱂ ﻣﻮﱃ أﰊ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‪ ،‬أﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ أﻣﺮ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ‪±‬ﺧﺬ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺄﻣﺮ أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﲜﻤﻌﻪ ﻟﺌﻼ ﻳﻀﻴﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري أن ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب أﺷﺎر ﻋﻠﻰ أﰊ‬
‫ﺑﻜﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﲜﻤﻊ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺑﻌﺪ وﻗﻌﺔ اﻟﻴﻤﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﺗﻮرًﻋﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻢ ﻳﺰل ﻋﻤﺮ ﻳﺮاﺟﻌﻪ ﺣﱴ ﺷﺮح ﷲ‬
‫ﺻﺪر أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻟﺬﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄرﺳﻞ إﱃ زﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ √ﺑﺖ ﻓﺄ‪Í‬ﻩ‪ ،‬وﻋﻨﺪﻩ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻓﻘﺎل ﻟﻪ أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ‪ :‬إﻧﻚ رﺟﻞ ﺷﺎب‬
‫ﻋﺎﻗﻞ ﻻ ﻧﺘﻬﻤﻚ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﻛﻨﺖ ﺗﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻮﺣﻲ ﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ ﻓﺘﺘﺒﻊ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻓﺎﲨﻌﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﺘﺘﺒﻌﺖ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
‫أﲨﻌﻪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﺴﺐ واﻟﻠﺨﺎف وﺻﺪور اﻟﺮﺟﺎل‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﻋﻨﺪ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﺣﱴ ﺗﻮﻓﺎﻩ ﷲ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻋﻤﺮ‬
‫ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺣﻔﺼﺔ ﺑﻨﺖ ﻋﻤﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ .‬رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻣﻄﻮﻻ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ واﻓﻖ اﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮن أ∞ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ذﻟﻚ وﻋﺪوﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﻨﺎﺗﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻗﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬أﻋﻈﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ أﺟﺮا أﺑﻮ ﺑﻜﺮ‪ ،‬رﲪﺔ ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﻫﻮ أول ﻣﻦ ﲨﻊ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫اﳌﺮﺣﻠﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ :‬ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ أﻣﲑ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻨﺔ اﳋﺎﻣﺴﺔ واﻟﻌﺸﺮﻳﻦ‪ ،‬وﺳﺒﺒﻪ‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻨﺎس ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮاءة ﲝﺴﺐ اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﺼﺤﻒ اﻟﱵ ﰲ أﻳﺪي اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻓﺨﻴﻔﺖ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ أن ﲡﻤﻊ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ واﺣﺪ؛ ﻟﺌﻼ ﳜﺘﻠﻒ اﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺘﻨﺎزﻋﻮا‬
‫ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ وﻳﺘﻔﺮﻗﻮا‪.‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪90‬‬
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 ‫‪91‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﻓﻔﻲ "ﺻﺤﻴﺢ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري" أن ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻴﻤﺎن ﻗﺪم ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻓﺘﺢ أرﻣﻴﻨﻴﺔ وأذرﺑﻴﺠﺎن‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ أﻓﺰﻋﻪ‬
‫اﺧﺘﻼﻓﻬﻢ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮاءة‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ò :‬أﻣﲑ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ أدرك ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻗﺒﻞ أن ﳜﺘﻠﻔﻮا ﰲ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻴﻬﻮد‬
‫واﻟﻨﺼﺎرى‪ ،‬ﻓﺄرﺳﻞ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن إﱃ ﺣﻔﺼﺔ أن أرﺳﻠﻲ إﻟﻴﻨﺎ ∞ﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﻧﻨﺴﺨﻬﺎ ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﰒ ﻧﺮدﻫﺎ إﻟﻴﻚ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻌﻠﺖ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻣﺮ زﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ √ﺑﺖ‪ ،‬وﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ اﻟﺰﺑﲑ‪ ،‬وﺳﻌﻴﺪ ﺑﻦ اﻟﻌﺎص‪ ،‬وﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ اﳊﺎرث ﺑﻦ ﻫﺸﺎم‬
‫ﻓﻨﺴﺨﻮﻫﺎ ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ‪ .‬وﻛﺎن زﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ √ﺑﺖ أﻧﺼﺎر‪ ò‬واﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ ﻗﺮﺷﻴﲔ ‪ -‬وﻗﺎل ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻟﻠﺮﻫﻂ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮﺷﻴﲔ‪ :‬إذا اﺧﺘﻠﻔﺘﻢ أﻧﺘﻢ وزﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ √ﺑﺖ ﰲ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻓﺎﻛﺘﺒﻮﻩ ﺑﻠﺴﺎن ﻗﺮﻳﺶ؛ ﻓﺈﳕﺎ ﻧﺰل ﺑﻠﺴﺎ‪ƒ‬ﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻔﻌﻠﻮا ﺣﱴ إذا ﻧﺴﺨﻮا اﻟﺼﺤﻒ ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ‪ ،‬رد ﻋﺜﻤﺎن اﻟﺼﺤﻒ إﱃ ﺣﻔﺼﺔ‪ ،‬وأرﺳﻞ إﱃ ﻛﻞ أﻓﻖ‬
‫ﲟﺼﺤﻒ ﳑﺎ ﻧﺴﺨﻮا‪ ،‬وأﻣﺮ ﲟﺎ ﺳﻮاﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﻔﺔ أو ﻣﺼﺤﻒ أن ﳛﺮق‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻓﻌﻞ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻫﺬا ﺑﻌﺪ أن اﺳﺘﺸﺎر اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﳌﺎ روي أﺑﻦ أﰊ داود ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬وﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﺬي ﻓﻌﻞ ﰲ اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ إﻻ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻼء ﻣﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬أرى أن ﳒﻤﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ واﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻼ ﺗﻜﻮن ﻓﺮﻗﺔ وﻻ اﺧﺘﻼف‪ ،‬ﻗﻠﻨﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻌﻢ ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل ﻣﺼﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻌﺪ‪ :‬أدرﻛﺖ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻣﺘﻮاﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﺣﲔ ﺣﺮق ﻋﺜﻤﺎن اﳌﺼﺎﺣﻒ ﻓﺄﻋﺠﺒﻬﻢ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬أو ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﱂ‬
‫ﻳﻨﻜﺮ ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ أﺣﺪ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺴﻨﺎن أﻣﲑ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ اﻟﱵ واﻓﻘﻪ اﳌﺴﻠﻤﻮن ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪،‬‬
‫وﻛﺎﻧﺖ ﻣﻜﻤﻠﺔ ﳉﻤﻊ ﺧﻠﻴﻔﺔ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﻔﺮق ﺑﲔ ﲨﻌﻪ وﲨﻊ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ أن اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ ﲨﻌﻪ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ أﰊ ﺑﻜﺮ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ﳎﻤﻮًﻋﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻻ ﻳﻀﻴﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﻲء دون أن ﳛﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫ﻣﺼﺤﻒ واﺣﺪ؛ وذﻟﻚ أﻧﻪ ﱂ ﻳﻈﻬﺮ أﺛﺮ ﻻﺧﺘﻼف ﻗﺮاءا‪Ò‬ﻢ ﻳﺪﻋﻮ إﱃ ﲪﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ‬
‫واﺣﺪ‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ ﲨﻌﻪ ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺗﻘﻴﻴﺪ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ﳎﻤﻮًﻋﺎ ﰲ ﻣﺼﺤﻒ واﺣﺪ‪،‬‬
‫ﳛﻤﻞ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎع ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻟﻈﻬﻮر اﻷﺛﺮ اﳌﺨﻴﻒ ∞ﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻘﺮاءات‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻇﻬﺮت ﻧﺘﺎﺋﺞ ﻫﺬا اﳉﻤﻊ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺣﺼﻠﺖ ﺑﻪ اﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ اﻟﻌﻈﻤﻰ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻣﻦ اﺟﺘﻤﺎع اﻷﻣﺔ‪ ،‬واﺗﻔﺎق‬
‫اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬وﺣﻠﻮل اﻷﻟﻔﺔ‪ ،‬واﻧﺪﻓﻌﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻔﺴﺪة ﻛﱪى ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﺮق اﻷﻣﺔ‪ ،‬واﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺔ‪ ،‬وﻓﺸﻮ اﻟﺒﻐﻀﺎء‪،‬‬
‫واﻟﻌﺪاوة‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﺑﻘﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺣﱴ اﻵن ﻣﺘﻔﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﺑﲔ اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻣﺘﻮاﺗﺮا ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻠﻘﺎﻩ اﻟﺼﻐﲑ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﺒﲑ‪،‬‬
‫ﱂ ﺗﻌﺒﺚ ﺑﻪ أﻳﺪي اﳌﻔﺴﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬وﱂ ﺗﻄﻤﺴﻪ أﻫﻮاء اﻟﺰاﺋﻐﲔ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻠﻪ اﳊﻤﺪ ‪ $‬رب اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات ورب اﻷرض رب‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪.‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪92‬‬
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 ‫‪93‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻟﻐﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ اﻟَﻔﺴﺮ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ‪ :‬اﻟﻜﺸﻒ ﻋﻦ اﳌﻐﻄﻰ‪.‬‬
‫وﰲ اﻻﺻﻄﻼح‪ :‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻣﻌﺎﱐ اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ ُﻣﺒَﺎَرٌك ﻟِﻴَﱠﺪﺑﱠـﺮوا آَ‪ò‬ﺗِِﻪ َوﻟِﻴَـﺘََﺬﱠﻛﺮ أُوﻟُﻮ اْﻷَﻟْﺒَﺎ ِ‬
‫ب﴾‬ ‫ب أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎﻩُ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﺗﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ واﺟﺐ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻛﺘَﺎ ٌ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ب أَﻗْـَﻔﺎُﳍَﺎ﴾ ]ﳏﻤﺪ‪.[٢٤ :‬‬ ‫]ص‪ [٢٩ :‬وﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬أَﻓَﻼ ﻳَـﺘََﺪﺑﱠـﺮوَن اﻟُْﻘْﺮآَن أَْم َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻗُـﻠُﻮ ٍ‬
‫ُ‬
‫وﺟﻪ اﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻷوﱃ أن ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﲔ أن اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ إﻧﺰال ﻫﺬا اﻟﻘﺮآن اﳌﺒﺎرك؛ أن ﻳﺘﺪﺑﺮ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫آ‪ò‬ﺗﻪ‪ ،‬وﻳﺘﻌﻈﻮا ﲟﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺘﺪﺑﺮ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﰲ اﻷﻟﻔﺎظ ﻟﻠﻮﺻﻮل إﱃ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈذا ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﺗﺖ اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ إﻧﺰال اﻟﻘﺮآن‪،‬‬
‫وﺻﺎر ﳎﺮد أﻟﻔﺎظ ﻻ ‪Û‬ﺛﲑ ﳍﺎ‪.‬‬
‫وﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ اﻻﺗﻌﺎظ ﲟﺎ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺑﺪون ﻓﻬﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ووﺟﻪ اﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ أن ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ وﺑﺦ أوﻟﺌﻚ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻻ ﻳﺘﺪﺑﺮون اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬وأﺷﺎر إﱃ أن ذﻟﻚ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻹﻗﻔﺎل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﻠﻮ‪Ø‬ﻢ‪ ،‬وﻋﺪم وﺻﻮل اﳋﲑ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫وﻛﺎن ﺳﻠﻒ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻄﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﻮاﺟﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻤﻮن اﻟﻘﺮآن أﻟﻔﺎﻇﻪ وﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ؛ ﻷ‪ƒ‬ﻢ ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﺘﻤﻜﻨﻮن ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ∞ﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮاد ﷲ ﺑﻪ ﻓﺈن اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﲟﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻌﺮف ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻏﲑ ﳑﻜﻦ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ اﻟﺴﻠﻤﻲ‪ :‬ﺣﺪﺛﻨﺎ اﻟﺬي ﻛﺎﻧﻮا ﻳﻘﺮﺋﻮﻧﻨﺎ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻌﺜﻤﺎن ﺑﻦ ﻋﻔﺎن وﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‬
‫وﻏﲑﳘﺎ‪ ،‬أ‪ƒ‬ﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﻮا إذا ﺗﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻋﺸﺮ آ‪ò‬ت‪ ،‬ﱂ ﳚﺎوزوﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻤﻮا ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫واﻟﻌﻤﻞ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‪ :‬ﻓﺘﻌﻠﻤﻨﺎ اﻟﻘﺮآن واﻟﻌﻠﻢ واﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﲨﻴﻌﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺷﻴﺦ اﻹﺳﻼم اﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬واﻟﻌﺎدة ﲤﻨﻊ أن ﻳﻘﺮأ ﻗﻮم ﻛﺘﺎً∞ ﰲ ﻓﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻛﺎﻟﻄﺐ واﳊﺴﺎب‪ ،‬وﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺘﺸﺮﺣﻮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﻴﻒ ﺑﻜﻼم ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ اﻟﺬي ﻫﻮ ﻋﺼﻤﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﺑﻪ ﳒﺎ‪Ò‬ﻢ وﺳﻌﺎد‪Ò‬ﻢ وﻗﻴﺎم دﻳﻨﻬﻢ ودﻧﻴﺎﻫﻢ‪.‬‬
‫وﳚﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أن ﻳﺒﻴﻨﻮﻩ ﻟﻠﻨﺎس ﻋﻦ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ اﻟﻜﺘﺎﺑﺔ أو اﳌﺸﺎﻓﻬﺔ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وإِْذ أََﺧَﺬ اﱠ‪ِ ُk‬ﻣﻴﺜَﺎَق‬
‫ب ﻟَﺘُـﺒَـﻴِّﻨُـﻨﱠﻪُ ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫س َوﻻ ﺗَْﻜﺘُُﻤﻮﻧَﻪُ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪ [١٨٧ :‬وﺗﺒﻴﲔ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻟﻠﻨﺎس ﺷﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﱠﺬﻳَﻦ أُوﺗُﻮا اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺒﻴﲔ أﻟﻔﺎﻇﻪ وﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮن ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬ﳑﺎ أﺧﺬ ﷲ اﻟﻌﻬﺪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺑﺒﻴﺎﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﱃ اﻟﻐﺎ‪ò‬ت اﳊﻤﻴﺪة واﻟﺜﻤﺮات اﳉﻠﻴﻠﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ اﻟﺘﺼﺪﻳﻖ ‪±‬ﺧﺒﺎرﻩ‬
‫واﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع ‪Ø‬ﺎ وﺗﻄﺒﻴﻖ أﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﺟﻪ اﻟﺬي أرادﻩ ﷲ؛ ﻟﻴﻌﺒﺪ ﷲ ‪Ø‬ﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﺼﲑﻩ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪94‬‬
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 ‫‪95‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
‫ﺴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن ‪±‬ﻧﻪ ﻣﱰﺟﻢ ﻋﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﺷﺎﻫﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﺴﻠﻢ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن أن ﻳُﺸﻌﺮ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ ﺣﲔ ﻳُﻔ َ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﲟﺎ أراد ﻣﻦ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ ﻓﻴﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﻈًﻤﺎ ﳍﺬﻩ اﻟﺸﻬﺎدة ﺧﺎﺋًﻔﺎ ﻣﻦ أن ﻳﻘﻮل ﻋﻠﻰ ﷲ ﺑﻼ ﻋﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻘﻊ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺣﺮم‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺶ َﻣﺎ ﻇََﻬَﺮ ﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ َوَﻣﺎ ﺑَﻄََﻦ َوا ِْﻷْﰒَ‬‫ﷲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴُﺨﺰى ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻳﻮم اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻗُْﻞ إِﱠﳕَﺎ َﺣﱠﺮَم َرَِّﰊ اﻟَْﻔَﻮاﺣ َ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻣﺎ َﱂ ﻳـﻨَـ ِﺰْل ﺑِِﻪ ﺳْﻠﻄَﺎ‪ ً5‬وأَْن ﺗَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮا َﻋﻠَﻰ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪َ k‬ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﺗَـْﻌﻠَُﻤﻮَن﴾ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‪:‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َواﻟْﺒَـْﻐَﻲ ﺑِﻐَ ِْﲑ اْﳊَِّﻖ َوأَْن ﺗُْﺸِﺮُﻛﻮا ِ∞ ﱠ َ ْ ُ ّ‬
‫‪.[٣٣‬‬
‫ى ﻟِْﻠُﻤﺘََﻜِِّﱪﻳَﻦ﴾‬
‫ﺲ ِﰲ َﺟَﻬﻨﱠَﻢ َﻣﺜْﻮ ً‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫وﻗﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻳَـْﻮَم اﻟْﻘﻴَﺎَﻣﺔ ﺗَـَﺮى اﻟﺬﻳَﻦ َﻛَﺬﺑُﻮا َﻋﻠَﻰ اﱠ‪ُ k‬وُﺟﻮُﻫُﻬْﻢ ُﻣْﺴَﻮﱠدةٌ أَﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‪.[٦٠ :‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪96‬‬

‫اﳌﺮﺟﻊ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

‫ﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﰲ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن إﱃ ﻣﺎ ‪Ô‬ﰐ‪:‬‬
‫أوﻻً‪ :‬ﻛﻼم ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﻔﺴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن ∞ﻟﻘﺮآن؛ ﻷن ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻫﻮ اﻟﺬي أﻧﺰﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ ﲟﺎ أراد ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ف َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ َوﻻ ُﻫْﻢ َْﳛَﺰﻧُﻮَن﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪[٦٢ :‬‬ ‫‪ k‬ﻻ َﺧْﻮ ٌ‬ ‫‪ -١‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬أَﻻ إِﱠن أَوﻟِﻴﺎء ا ﱠِ‬
‫ََْ‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ أوﻟﻴﺎء ﷲ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻟﱵ ﺗﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪﴿ :‬اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ آَﻣﻨُﻮا َوَﻛﺎﻧُﻮا ﻳَـﺘﱠـُﻘﻮَن﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪[٦٣ :‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣﺎ أَْدَراَك َﻣﺎ اﻟﻄﱠﺎِرُق﴾ ]اﻟﻄﺎرق‪ [٢ :‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻄﺎرق ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪﴿ :‬اﻟﻨﱠْﺠُﻢ‬
‫ﺐ﴾ ]اﻟﻄﺎرق‪.[٣ :‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﺜﱠﺎﻗ ُ‬
‫ﻚ َدَﺣﺎَﻫﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺎزﻋﺎت‪ [٣٠ :‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ دﺣﺎﻫﺎ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺘﲔ‬ ‫ض ﺑَـْﻌَﺪ َذﻟِ َ‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻷَْر َ‬
‫ج ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ َﻣﺎَءَﻫﺎ َوَﻣْﺮَﻋﺎَﻫﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺎزﻋﺎت‪َ﴿ [٣١ :‬واْﳉِﺒَﺎَل أَْرَﺳﺎَﻫﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺎزﻋﺎت‪.[٣٢ :‬‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ‪﴿ :‬أَْﺧَﺮ َ‬
‫√ﻧﻴًﺎ‪ :‬ﻛﻼم رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻔﺴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن ∞ﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷن رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ ﻣﺒﻠﻎ ﻋﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﲟﺮاد ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻛﻼﻣﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﺴﻨُﻮا اْﳊُْﺴَﲎ َوِزَ‪َò‬دةٌ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ [٢٦:‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ اﻟﺰ‪ò‬دة ∞ﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﱃ‬ ‫ِﱠ ِ‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻟﻠﺬﻳَﻦ أَْﺣ َ‬
‫وﺟﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ رواﻩ اﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺮ واﺑﻦ أﰊ ﺣﺎﰎ ﺻﺮﳛًﺎ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ أﰊ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ وأﰊ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ‪ ،‬ورواﻩ اﺑﻦ‬
‫ﺟﺮﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻛﻌﺐ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺠﺮة‪ ،‬وﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺻﻬﻴﺐ ﺑﻦ ﺳﻨﺎن ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﰲ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻗﺎل‬
‫ﻓﻴﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﻜﺸﻒ اﳊﺠﺎب ﻓﻤﺎ أُﻋﻄﻮا ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ أﺣﺐ إﻟﻴﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ إﱃ ر‪Ø‬ﻢ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺗﻼ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵﻳﺔ ﴿ﻟِﻠﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ‬
‫ﺴﻨُﻮا اْﳊُْﺴَﲎ َوِزَ‪َò‬دةٌ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪.[٢٦ :‬‬ ‫أَْﺣ َ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وأَِﻋﱡﺪوا َﳍُْﻢ َﻣﺎ اْﺳﺘَﻄَْﻌﺘُْﻢ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗُـﱠﻮٍة﴾ ]اﻷﻧﻔﺎل‪ [٦٠:‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ اﻟﻘﻮة ∞ﻟﺮﻣﻲ‪،‬‬
‫رواﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ‪ ،‬وﻏﲑﻩ ﻣﻦ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻘﺒﺔ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺎﻣﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
‫√ﻟﺜًﺎ‪ :‬ﻛﻼم اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ ذوو اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ واﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ؛ ﻷن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻧﺰل ﺑﻠﻐﺘﻬﻢ‬
‫وﰲ ﻋﺼﺮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﻷ‪ƒ‬ﻢ ﺑﻌﺪ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء أﺻﺪق اﻟﻨﺎس ﰲ ﻃﻠﺐ اﳊﻖ‪ ،‬وأﺳﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻫﻮاء‪ ،‬وأﻃﻬﺮﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﳌﺨﺎﻟﻔﺔ اﻟﱵ ﲢﻮل ﺑﲔ اﳌﺮء وﺑﲔ اﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ ﻟﻠﺼﻮاب‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪97‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪98‬‬

‫وﻟﺬﻟﻚ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻛﺜﲑة ﺟًﺪا ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬

‫ﺴﺎءَ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وإِْن ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُْﻢ َﻣْﺮ َ‬
‫ﺿﻰ أَْو َﻋﻠَﻰ َﺳَﻔٍﺮ أَْو َﺟﺎَء أََﺣٌﺪ ﻣْﻨُﻜْﻢ ﻣَﻦ اﻟْﻐَﺎﺋﻂ أَْو ﻻَﻣْﺴﺘُُﻢ اﻟﻨّ َ‬
‫‪ [٤٣‬ﻓﻘﺪ ﺻﺢ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬أﻧﻪ ﻓﺴﺮ اﳌﻼﻣﺴﺔ ∞ﳉﻤﺎع‪.‬‬
‫راﺑًﻌﺎ‪ :‬ﻛﻼم اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ اﻋﺘﻨﻮا ‪±‬ﺧﺬ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ؛ ﻷن اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﺧﲑ اﻟﻨﺎس‬
‫ﺑﻌﺪ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬وأﺳﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻷﻫﻮاء ﳑﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﺗﻐﲑت ﻛﺜًﲑا ﰲ ﻋﺼﺮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎﻧﻮا‬
‫أﻗﺮب إﱃ اﻟﺼﻮاب ﰲ ﻓﻬﻢ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﳑﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ﻗﺎل ﺷﻴﺦ اﻹﺳﻼم اﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ‪ :‬إذا أﲨﻌﻮا )اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ( ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺸﻲء ﻓﻼ ﻳُﺮ‪Í‬ب ﰲ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺣﺠﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن اﺧﺘﻠﻔﻮا‬
‫ﻓﻼ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻗﻮل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ ﺣﺠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﻳﺮﺟﻊ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ إﱃ ﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن أو اﻟﺴﻨﺔ‪،‬‬
‫أو ﻋﻤﻮم ﻟﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮب‪ ،‬أو أﻗﻮال اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ ﻋﺪل ﻋﻦ ﻣﺬاﻫﺐ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ واﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ وﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﻢ إﱃ ﻣﺎ ﳜﺎﻟﻒ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻛﺎن ﳐﻄﺌًﺎ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ‪،‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل أﻳ ً‬
‫ﺑﻞ ﻣﺒﺘﺪًﻋﺎ‪ ،‬وإن ﻛﺎن ﳎﺘﻬًﺪا ﻣﻐﻔﻮًرا ﻟﻪ ﺧﻄﺆﻩ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻤﻦ ﺧﺎﻟﻒ ﻗﻮﳍﻢ وﻓﺴﺮ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﲞﻼف ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻫﻢ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻘﺪ أﺧﻄﺄ ﰲ اﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ واﳌﺪﻟﻮل ﲨﻴًﻌﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ‬‫ﺴﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﻣﻦ اﳌﻌﺎﱐ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ أو اﻟﻠﻐﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﺴﺐ اﻟﺴﻴﺎق ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪ 5‬أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ﺧﺎﻣ ً‬
‫س ِﲟَﺎ أََراَك اﱠ‪] ﴾ُk‬اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [١٠٥:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪َ 5‬ﺟَﻌْﻠﻨَﺎﻩُ ﻗُـْﺮآ‪َ ً5‬ﻋَﺮﺑِﻴّﺎً ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ب ِ∞ْﳊَِّﻖ ﻟﺘَْﺤُﻜَﻢ ﺑَْ َ‬
‫ﲔ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬
‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ ِ ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ َﳍُْﻢ﴾ ]اﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‪.[٤:‬‬ ‫ﺴﺎِن ﻗَـْﻮﻣﻪ ﻟﻴُـﺒَِّ َ‬
‫ﺗَـْﻌﻘﻠُﻮَن﴾ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‪ [٣ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣﺎ أَْرَﺳْﻠﻨَﺎ ﻣْﻦ َرُﺳﻮل إﱠﻻ ﺑﻠ َ‬
‫ﻓﺈن اﺧﺘﻠﻒ اﳌﻌﲎ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ واﻟﻠﻐﻮي‪ ،‬أﺧﺬ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ؛ ﻷن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻧﺰل ﻟﺒﻴﺎن اﻟﺸﺮع‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻟﺒﻴﺎن‬
‫اﻟﻠﻐﺔ إﻻ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻫﻨﺎك دﻟﻴﻞ ﻳﱰﺟﺢ ﺑﻪ اﳌﻌﲎ اﻟﻠﻐﻮي ﻓﻴﺆﺧﺬ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼِّﻞ َﻋﻠَﻰ أََﺣٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨـُﻬْﻢ َﻣﺎ َ‬
‫ت‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ﻣﺎ اﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ اﳌﻌﻨﻴﺎن‪ ،‬وﻗﺪم اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ اﳌﻨﺎﻓﻘﲔ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻻ ﺗُ َ‬
‫أَﺑَﺪاً﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ [٨٤:‬ﻓﺎﻟﺼﻼة ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء‪ ،‬وﰲ اﻟﺸﺮع ﻫﻨﺎ اﻟﻮﻗﻮف ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻴﺖ ﻟﻠﺪﻋﺎء ﻟﻪ ﺑﺼﻔﺔ‬
‫ﳐﺼﻮﺻﺔ ﻓﻴﻘﺪم اﳌﻌﲎ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻪ اﳌﻘﺼﻮد ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ اﳌﻌﻬﻮد ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ‪ ،‬وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻨﻊ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﳍﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫وﺟﻪ اﻹﻃﻼق ﻓﻤﻦ دﻟﻴﻞ آﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻَﺪﻗَﺔً ﺗُﻄَِّﻬُﺮُﻫْﻢ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﻣﺜﺎل ﻣﺎ اﺧﺘﻠﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ اﳌﻌﻨﻴﺎن‪ ،‬وﻗُّﺪم ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟﻠﻐﻮي ∞ﻟﺪﻟﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ُﺧْﺬ ﻣْﻦ أَْﻣَﻮاﳍْﻢ َ‬
‫ﺻِّﻞ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻮﺑﺔ‪ [١٠٣:‬ﻓﺎﳌﺮاد ∞ﻟﺼﻼة ﻫﻨﺎ اﻟﺪﻋﺎء ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺎ رواﻩ ﻣﺴﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫َوﺗُـَﺰّﻛﻴِﻬْﻢ ‪َØ‬ﺎ َو َ‬
‫ﺑﻦ أﰊ أوﰱ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻛﺎن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ إذا أُﰐ ﺑﺼﺪﻗﺔ ﻗﻮم‪ ،‬ﺻﻠﻰ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄ‪Í‬ﻩ أﰊ ﺑﺼﺪﻗﺘﻪ ﻓﻘﺎل‪" :‬اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﺻﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ آل أﰊ أوﰱ"‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻣﺎ اﺗﻔﻖ ﻓﻴﻪ اﳌﻌﻨﻴﺎن اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ واﻟﻠﻐﻮي ﻛﺜﲑة‪ :‬ﻛﺎﻟﺴﻤﺎء واﻷرض واﻟﺼﺪق واﻟﻜﺬب واﳊﺠﺮ‬
‫واﻹﻧﺴﺎن‪.‬‬
 ‫‪99‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪100‬‬

‫اﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻮارد ﰲ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ اﳌﺄﺛﻮر‬

‫اﻻﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻮارد ﰲ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ اﳌﺄﺛﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‪:‬‬
‫ﻚ‬ ‫اﻷول‪ :‬اﺧﺘﻼف ﰲ اﻟﻠﻔﻆ دون اﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬا ﻻ ‪Û‬ﺛﲑ ﻟﻪ ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ اﻵﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻗَ َ‬
‫ﻀﻰ َرﺑﱡ َ‬
‫أَﻻ ﺗَـْﻌﺒُُﺪوا إِﱠﻻ إِﱠ‪ò‬ﻩُ﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪ [٢٣ :‬ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ :‬ﻗﻀﻲ‪ :‬أﻣﺮ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﳎﺎﻫﺪ‪ :‬وﺻﻰ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل اﻟﺮﺑﻴﻊ ﺑﻦ‬
‫أﻧﺲ‪ :‬أوﺟﺐ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑات ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻫﺎ واﺣﺪ‪ ،‬أو ﻣﺘﻘﺎرب ﻓﻼ ‪Û‬ﺛﲑ ﳍﺬا اﻻﺧﺘﻼف ﰲ ﻣﻌﲎ اﻵﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﻼف ﰲ اﻟﻠﻔﻆ واﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬واﻵﻳﺔ ﲢﺘﻤﻞ اﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﻟﻌﺪم اﻟﺘﻀﺎد ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺤﻤﻞ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﻤﺎ‪،‬‬
‫وﺗﻔﺴﺮ ‪Ø‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬وﻳﻜﻮن اﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬا اﻻﺧﺘﻼف أن ﻛﻞ واﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﻮﻟﲔ ذﻛﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﳌﺎ ﺗﻌﻨﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺴﻠََﺦ ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ ﻓَﺄَﺗْـﺒَـَﻌﻪُ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺸْﻴﻄَﺎُن‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠِ‬
‫اﻵﻳﺔ أو اﻟﺘﻨﻮﻳﻊ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬واﺗُْﻞ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ ﻧَـﺒَﺄَ اﻟﺬي آﺗَـ ْﻴـﻨَﺎﻩُ آَ‪ò‬ﺗﻨَﺎ ﻓَﺎﻧْ َ‬
‫ض َواﺗﱠـﺒََﻊ َﻫَﻮاﻩُ﴾‬ ‫ﻓََﻜﺎَن ِﻣَﻦ اﻟْﻐَﺎِوﻳَﻦ﴾ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‪َ﴿ [١٧٥ :‬وﻟَْﻮ ِﺷ ْﺌـﻨَﺎ ﻟََﺮﻓَـْﻌﻨَﺎﻩُ ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ َوﻟَِﻜﻨﱠﻪُ أَْﺧﻠََﺪ إَِﱃ اْﻷَْر ِ‬
‫]اﻷﻋﺮاف‪ [١٧٦ :‬ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‪ :‬ﻫﻮ رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲏ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ‪ ،‬وﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس أﻧﻪ‪ :‬رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ‬
‫اﻟﻴﻤﻦ‪ ،‬وﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺒﻠﻘﺎء‪.‬‬
‫واﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﻗﻮال‪ :‬أن ﲢﻤﻞ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ؛ ﻷ‪ƒ‬ﺎ ﲢﺘﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﺗﻀﺎد‪ ،‬وﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮل ذُﻛﺮ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﺜﺎل آﺧﺮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿َوَﻛﺄْﺳﺎً ِدَﻫﺎﻗﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺒﺄ‪ [٣٤ :‬ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ :‬دﻫﺎﻗًﺎ ﳑﻠﻮءة‪ .‬وﻗﺎل ﳎﺎﻫﺪ‪ :‬ﻣﺘﺘﺎﺑﻌﺔ‪،‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل ﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ‪ :‬ﺻﺎﻓﻴﺔ‪ .‬وﻻ ﻣﻨﺎﻓﺎة ﺑﲔ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻷﻗﻮال‪ ،‬واﻵﻳﺔ ﲢﺘﻤﻠﻬﺎ ﻓﺘﺤﻤﻞ ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﲨﻴًﻌﺎ وﻳﻜﻮن ﻛﻞ ﻗﻮل‬
‫ﻟﻨﻮع ﻣﻦ اﳌﻌﲎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬اﺧﺘﻼف اﻟﻠﻔﻆ واﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬واﻵﻳﺔ ﻻ ﲢﺘﻤﻞ اﳌﻌﻨﻴﲔ ﻣًﻌﺎ ﻟﻠﺘﻀﺎد ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﺤﻤﻞ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻷرﺟﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﺑﺪﻻﻟﻪ اﻟﺴﻴﺎق أو ﻏﲑﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﲑ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠﳕَﺎ ﺣﱠﺮم َﻋﻠَﻴُﻜﻢ اﻟْﻤﻴـﺘﺔَ واﻟﱠﺪم وَﳊﻢ اْﳋِْﻨِﺰﻳِﺮ وﻣﺎ أُِﻫﱠﻞ ﺑِِﻪ ﻟِﻐَ ِْﲑ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻓََﻤِﻦ ا ْ‬
‫ﺿﻄُﱠﺮ ﻏَ ْ َ‬ ‫ََ‬ ‫َ َ ْ ُ َ َْ َ َ َ َْ‬
‫َ∞ٍغ َوﻻ َﻋﺎٍد ﻓَﻼ إِْﰒَ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ إِﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻏَُﻔﻮٌر َرِﺣﻴٌﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٧٣ :‬ﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ :‬ﻏﲑ ∞غ ﰲ اﳌﻴﺘﺔ وﻻ‬
‫ﻋﺎد ﻣﻦ أﻛﻠﻪ‪ .‬وﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﻏﲑ ﺧﺎرج ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻣﺎم وﻻ ﻋﺎص ﺑﺴﻔﺮﻩ واﻷرﺟﺢ اﻷول؛ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ دﻟﻴﻞ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ ،‬وﻷن اﳌﻘﺼﻮد ﲝﻞ ﻣﺎ ذُﻛﺮ دﻓﻊ اﻟﻀﺮورة‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ واﻗﻌﺔ ﰲ ﺣﺎل اﳋﺮوج ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻣﺎم‪ ،‬وﰲ ﺣﺎل اﻟﺴﻔﺮ‬
‫اﶈﺮم وﻏﲑ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺿﺘُْﻢ‬
‫ﻒ َﻣﺎ ﻓَـَﺮ ْ‬ ‫ﻀﺔً ﻓَﻨِ ْ‬
‫ﺼ ُ‬ ‫ﺿﺘُْﻢ َﳍُﱠﻦ ﻓَِﺮﻳ َ‬ ‫وﻣﺜﺎل آﺧﺮ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وإِْن ﻃَﻠﱠْﻘﺘُُﻤﻮُﻫﱠﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻞ أَْن َﲤَ ﱡ‬
‫ﺴﻮُﻫﱠﻦ َوﻗَْﺪ ﻓَـَﺮ ْ‬
‫إِﻻ أَْن ﻳَـْﻌُﻔﻮَن أَْو ﻳَـْﻌُﻔَﻮ اﻟﱠِﺬي ﺑِﻴَِﺪﻩِ ﻋُْﻘَﺪةُ اﻟﻨَِّﻜﺎِح﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢٣٧:‬ﻗﺎل ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ أﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﰲ اﻟﺬي ﺑﻴﺪﻩ ﻋﻘﺪة اﻟﻨﻜﺎح‪ :‬ﻫﻮ اﻟﺰوج‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ :‬ﻫﻮ اﻟﻮﱄ‪ ،‬واﻟﺮاﺟﺢ اﻷول ﻟﺪﻻﻟﺔ اﳌﻌﲎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪،‬‬
‫وﻷﻧﻪ ﻗﺪ ُروي ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺪﻳﺚ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪101‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪102‬‬

‫ﺗﺮﲨﻪ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
‫اﻟﱰﲨﺔ ﻟﻐﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﻄﻠﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻌﺎٍن ﺗﺮﺟﻊ إﱃ اﻟﺒﻴﺎن واﻹﻳﻀﺎح‪.‬‬
‫وﰲ اﻻﺻﻄﻼح‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻜﻼم ﺑﻠﻐﺔ أﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫وﺗﺮﲨﺔ اﻟﻘﺮان‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻌﺒﲑ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﺑﻠﻐﺔ أﺧﺮى‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﱰﲨﺔ ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‪:‬‬
‫أﺣﺪﳘﺎ‪ :‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﺣﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ‪±‬ن ﻳﻮﺿﻊ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ˛زاﺋﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﺗﺮﲨﺔ ﻣﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ‪±‬ن ﻳﻌﱪ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ اﻟﻜﻼم ﺑﻠﻐﺔ أﺧﺮى ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﳌﻔﺮدات‬
‫واﻟﱰﺗﻴﺐ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪َ 5‬ﺟَﻌْﻠﻨَﺎﻩُ ﻗُـْﺮآ‪َ ً5‬ﻋَﺮﺑِﻴّﺎً ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗَـْﻌِﻘﻠُﻮَن﴾ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‪ [٣ :‬ﻓﺎﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ‪ :‬أن‬
‫ﻳﱰﺟﻢ ﻛﻠﻤﺎت ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻤﺔً ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﻓﻴﱰﺟﻢ ﴿إ‪ ﴾5‬ﰒ ﴿ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎﻩ﴾ ﰒ ﴿ﻗﺮآ‪ ﴾5‬ﰒ ﴿ﻋﺮﺑﻴﺎ﴾ وﻫﻜﺬا‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪ :‬أن ﻳﱰﺟﻢ ﻣﻌﲎ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﺑﻘﻄﻊ اﻟﻨﻈﺮ ﻋﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻛﻞ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ وﺗﺮﺗﻴﺒﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻫﻲ ﻗﺮﻳﺒﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﲎ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ اﻹﲨﺎﱄ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪103‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻢ ﺗﺮﲨﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪:‬‬
‫اﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ ∞ﻟﻨﺴﺒﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻠﺔ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬وذﻟﻚ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﺸﱰط ﰲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﱰﲨﺔ ﺷﺮوط ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ ﲢﻘﻘﻬﺎ ﻣﻌﻬﺎ وﻫﻲ‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬وﺟﻮد ﻣﻔﺮدات ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ˛زاء ﺣﺮوف اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ -‬وﺟﻮد أدوات ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﱐ ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﻣﺴﺎوﻳﺔ أو ﻣﺸﺎ‪Ø‬ﺔ ﻟﻸدوات ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ -‬ﲤﺎﺛﻞ اﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ وإﻟﻴﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﺣﲔ ﺗﺮﻛﻴﺒﻬﺎ ﰲ اﳉﻤﻞ واﻟﺼﻔﺎت واﻹﺿﺎﻓﺎت‬
‫وﻗﺎل ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‪ :‬إن اﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ ﳝﻜﻦ ﲢﻘﻘﻬﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ آﻳﺔ‪ ،‬أو ﳓﻮﻫﺎ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻨﻬﺎ ‪-‬وإن أﻣﻜﻦ ﲢﻘﻘﻬﺎ‬
‫ﰲ ﳓﻮ ذﻟﻚ‪ -‬ﳏﺮﻣﺔ ﻷ‪ƒ‬ﺎ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ أن ﺗﺆدي اﳌﻌﲎ ﺑﻜﻤﺎﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وﻻ أن ﺗﺆﺛﺮ ﰲ اﻟﻨﻔﻮس ‪Û‬ﺛﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻌﺮﰊ‬
‫اﳌﺒﲔ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﺿﺮورة ﺗﺪﻋﻮ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ؛ ﻟﻼﺳﺘﻐﻨﺎء ﻋﻨﻬﺎ ∞ﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻓﺎﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳊﺮﻓﻴﺔ إن أﻣﻜﻨﺖ ﺣ̃ﺴﺎ ﰲ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻜﻠﻤﺎت ﻓﻬﻲ ﳑﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺷﺮًﻋﺎ‪ ،‬اﻟﻠﻬﻢ إﻻ أن ﻳﱰﺟﻢ‬
‫ﻛﻠﻤﺔ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ﺑﻠﻐﺔ ﻣﻦ ﳜﺎﻃﺒﻪ ﻟﻴﻔﻬﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﻦ ﻏﲑ أن ﻳﱰﺟﻢ اﻟﱰﻛﻴﺐ ﻛﻠﻪ ﻓﻼ ‪±‬س‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺎ اﻟﱰﲨﺔ اﳌﻌﻨﻮﻳﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮآن ﻓﻬﻲ ﺟﺎﺋﺰة ﰲ اﻷﺻﻞ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻻ ﳏﺬور ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ ﲡﺐ ﺣﲔ ﺗﻜﻮن وﺳﻴﻠﺔ إﱃ‬
‫إﺑﻼغ اﻟﻘﺮآن واﻹﺳﻼم ﻟﻐﲑ اﻟﻨﺎﻃﻘﲔ ∞ﻟﻠﻐﺔ اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ‪ ،‬ﻷن إﺑﻼغ ذﻟﻚ واﺟﺐ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﺘﻢ اﻟﻮاﺟﺐ إﻻ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻓﻬﻮ واﺟﺐ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪104‬‬

‫ﻟﻜﻦ ﻳﺸﱰط ﳉﻮاز ذﻟﻚ ﺷﺮوط‪:‬‬

‫اﻷول‪ :‬أن ﻻ ﲡﻌﻞ ﺑﺪﻳﻼً ﻋﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺴﺘﻐﲏ ‪Ø‬ﺎ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا ﻓﻼ ﺑﺪ أن ﻳﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻘﺮآن ∞ﻟﻠﻐﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ وإﱃ ﺟﺎﻧﺒﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﱰﲨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﺘﻜﻮن ﻛﺎﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﳌﱰﺟﻢ ﻋﺎﳌًﺎ ﲟﺪﻟﻮﻻت اﻷﻟﻔﺎظ ﰲ اﻟﻠﻐﺘﲔ اﳌﱰﺟﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ وإﻟﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ ﺣﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻴﺎق‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻋﺎﳌًﺎ ﲟﻌﺎﱐ اﻷﻟﻔﺎظ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪.‬‬
‫وﻻ ﺗﻘﺒﻞ اﻟﱰﲨﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ إﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺄﻣﻮن ﻋﻠﻴﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺴﻠًﻤﺎ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴًﻤﺎ ﰲ دﻳﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪105‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫اﳌﺸﺘﻬﺮون ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‬

‫اﺷﺘﻬﺮ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﲨﺎﻋﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ‪ ،‬ذﻛﺮ اﻟﺴﻴﻮﻃﻲ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ‪ :‬اﳋﻠﻔﺎء اﻷرﺑﻌﺔ أ∞ ﺑﻜﺮ وﻋﻤﺮ وﻋﺜﻤﺎن وﻋﻠﻴﺎ‬
‫رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬إﻻ أن اﻟﺮواﻳﺔ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ اﻷوﻟﲔ ﱂ ﺗﻜﻦ ﻛﺜﲑة‪ ،‬ﻻﻧﺸﻐﺎﳍﻢ ∞ﳋﻼﻓﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﻠﺔ اﳊﺎﺟﺔ إﱃ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻘﻞ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻜﺜﺮة اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﺎ‪ :‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد وﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ ،‬ﻓﻠﻨﱰﺟﻢ ﳊﻴﺎة ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫وﻣﻦ اﳌﺸﺘﻬﺮﻳﻦ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺼﺤﺎﺑﺔ أﻳ ً‬
‫ﺑﻦ أﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﻊ ﻫﺬﻳﻦ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻦ أﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻢ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ‪ ،‬وزوج ﻓﺎﻃﻤﺔ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ وﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وأول ﻣﻦ آﻣﻦ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﺮاﺑﺘﻪ‪ ،‬اﺷﺘﻬﺮ ‪Ø‬ﺬا‬
‫اﻻﺳﻢ‪ .‬وﻛﻨﻴﺘﻪ أﺑﻮ اﳊﺴﻦ‪ ،‬وأﺑﻮ ﺗﺮاب‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ ﺑﻌﺜﺔ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺑﻌﺸﺮ ﺳﻨﲔ‪ ،‬وﺗﺮﰊ ﰲ ﺣﺠﺮ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﺷﻬﺪ ﻣﻌﻪ اﳌﺸﺎﻫﺪ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ﺻﺎﺣﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻠﻮاء ﰲ ﻣﻌﻈﻤﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﱂ ﻳﺘﺨﻠﻒ إﻻ ﰲ ﻏﺰوة ﺗﺒﻮك‪ ،‬ﺧﻠﻔﻪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﰲ أﻫﻠﻪ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ‪" :‬أﻣﺎ ﺗﺮﺿﻰ أن ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫ﻣﲏ ﲟﻨﺰﻟﺔ ﻫﺎرون ﻣﻦ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ‪ ،‬إﻻ أﻧﻪ ﻻ ﻧﱯ ﺑﻌﺪي"‪ ،‬ﻧﻘﻞ ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ واﻟﻔﻀﺎﺋﻞ ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ‪ ،‬وﻫﻠﻚ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻃﺎﺋﻔﺘﺎن‪ :‬اﻟﻨﻮاﺻﺐ اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﻧﺼﺒﻮا ﻟﻪ اﻟﻌﺪاوة‪ ،‬وﺣﺎوﻟﻮا إﺧﻔﺎء ﻣﻨﺎﻗﺒﻪ‪ ،‬واﻟﺮواﻓﺾ اﻟﺬي ∞ﻟﻐﻮا ﻓﻴﻤﺎ زﻋﻤﻮﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﺣﺒﻪ‪ ،‬وأﺣﺪﺛﻮا ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺎﻗﺐ اﻟﱵ وﺿﻌﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻫﻮ ﰲ ﻏﲎ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺄﻣﻞ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺜﺎﻟﺐ‪.‬‬
‫اﺷﺘﻬﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ∞ﻟﺸﺠﺎﻋﺔ واﻟﺬﻛﺎء ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ واﻟﺰﻛﺎء ﺣﱴ ﻛﺎن أﻣﲑ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب رﺿﻲ‬
‫ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻟﻴﺘﻌﻮذ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻌﻀﻠﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ ﳍﺎ أﺑﻮ ﺣﺴﻦ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ اﻟﻨﺤﻮﻳﲔ‪ :‬ﻗﻀﻴﺔ وﻻ أ∞ ﺣﺴﻦ ﳍﺎ‪ ،‬وروى ﻋﻦ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻲ أﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻘﻮل‪ :‬ﺳﻠﻮﱐ ﺳﻠﻮﱐ وﺳﻠﻮﱐ ﻋﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻓﻮﷲ ﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ آﻳﺔ إﻻ وأ‪ 5‬أﻋﻠﻢ أﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺑﻠﻴﻞ‬
‫أو ‪ƒ‬ﺎر‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ :‬إذا ﺟﺎء‪ 5‬اﻟﺜﺒﺖ ﻋﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﱂ ﻧﻌﺪل ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وروي ﻋﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫أﺧﺬت ﻣﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻓﻌﻦ ﻋﻠﻲ ﺑﻦ أﰊ ﻃﺎﻟﺐ‪ .‬ﻛﺎن أﺣﺪ أﻫﻞ اﻟﺸﻮرى اﻟﺬي رﺷﺤﻬﻢ ﻋﻤﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﻟﺘﻌﻴﲔ اﳋﻠﻴﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻌﺮﺿﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﲪﻦ ﺑﻦ ﻋﻮف ﻓﺄﰉ إﻻ ﺑﺸﺮوط ﱂ ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ ∞ﻳﻊ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن‬
‫ﻓﺒﺎﻳﻌﻪ ﻋﻠﻲ واﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺑﻮﻳﻊ ∞ﳋﻼﻓﺔ ﺑﻌﺪ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﺣﱴ ﻗﺘﻞ ﺷﻬﻴًﺪا ﰲ اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ ﻟﻴﻠﺔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻊ ﻋﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ‬
‫رﻣﻀﺎن‪ ،‬ﺳﻨﺔ أرﺑﻌﲔ ﻣﻦ اﳍﺠﺮة رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪106‬‬
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 ‫‪107‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻓﻞ اﳍﺰﱄ‪ ،‬وأﻣﻪ أم ﻋﺒﺪ ﻛﺎن ﻳﻨﺴﺐ إﻟﻴﻬﺎ أﺣﻴﺎً‪ ،5‬وﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﲔ اﻷوﻟﲔ‬
‫ﰲ اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬وﻫﺎﺟﺮ اﳍﺠﺮﺗﲔ‪ ،‬وﺷﻬﺪ ﺑﺪًرا‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺸﺎﻫﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺗﻠﻘﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺑﻀًﻌﺎ وﺳﺒﻌﲔ ﺳﻮرة ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﰲ أول اﻹﺳﻼم‪" :‬إﻧﻚ ﻟﻐﻼم‬
‫ﻀﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ أُﻧﺰل ﻓﻠﻴﻘﺮأﻩ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺮاءة اﺑﻦ أم ﻋﺒﺪ"‪ ،‬وﰲ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ‬
‫ﻣﻌﻠﻢ"‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل‪" :‬ﻣﻦ أﺣﺐ أن ﻳﻘﺮأ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻏ ً‬
‫اﻟﺒﺨﺎري أن اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻟﻘﺪ ﻋﻠﻢ أﺻﺤﺎب رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ أﱐ ﻣﻦ أﻋﻠﻤﻬﻢ ﺑﻜﺘﺎب‬
‫ﷲ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل‪ :‬وﷲ اﻟﺬي ﻻ إﻟﻪ ﻏﲑﻩ ﻣﺎ أﻧﺰﻟﺖ ﺳﻮرة ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ إﻻ وأ‪ 5‬أﻋﻠﻢ أﻳﻦ ﻧﺰﻟﺖ‪ ،‬وﻻ أُﻧﺰﻟﺖ آﻳﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ إﻻ وأ‪ 5‬أﻋﻠﻢ ﻓﻴﻤﻦ أُﻧﺰﻟﺖ‪ ،‬وﻟﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ أﺣًﺪا أﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﲏ ﺑﻜﺘﺎب ﷲ ﺗﺒﻠﻐﻪ اﻹﺑﻞ ﻟﺮﻛﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺖ إﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﻛﺎن ﳑﻦ ﺧﺪم اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻓﻜﺎن ﺻﺎﺣﺐ ﻧﻌﻠﻴﻪ وﻃﻬﻮرﻩ ووﺳﺎدﻩ ﺣﱴ ﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ ﻣﻮﺳﻰ اﻷﺷﻌﺮي‪ :‬ﻗﺪﻣﺖ أ‪5‬‬
‫وأﺧﻲ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻤﻦ ﻓﻤﻜﺜﻨﺎ ﺣﻴﻨًﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻧﺮى إﻻ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد رﺟﻞ ﻣﻦ أﻫﻞ ﺑﻴﺖ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﳌﺎ ﻧﺮى ﻣﻦ‬
‫دﺧﻮﻟﻪ ودﺧﻮل أﻣﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ أﺟﻞ ﻣﻼزﻣﺘﻪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ‪Û‬ﺛﺮ ﺑﻪ و‪Ø‬ﺪﻳﻪ‪ ،‬ﺣﱴ ﻗﺎل ﻓﻴﻪ ﺣﺬﻳﻔﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ‬
‫أﻋﺮف أﺣًﺪا أﻗﺮب ﻫﺪً‪ ò‬وﲰﺘًﺎ ودﻻ˜ ∞ﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻣﻦ اﺑﻦ أم ﻋﺒﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻌﺜﻪ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب إﱃ اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﻌﻠﻤﻬﻢ أﻣﻮر دﻳﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬وﺑﻌﺚ ﻋﻤﺎًرا أﻣًﲑا وﻗﺎل‪ :‬إ‪ƒ‬ﻤﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺠﺒﺎء ﻣﻦ‬
‫أﺻﺤﺎب ﳏﻤﺪ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻓﺎﻗﺘﺪوا ‪Ø‬ﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﰒ أﻣﺮﻩ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻋﺰﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻣﺮﻩ ∞ﻟﺮﺟﻮع إﱃ اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺘﻮﰲ‬
‫ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ اﺛﻨﺘﲔ وﺛﻼﺛﲔ‪ ،‬ودﻓﻦ ∞ﻟﺒﻘﻴﻊ وﻫﻮ اﺑﻦ ﺑﻀﻊ وﺳﺒﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪108‬‬

‫‪ -٣‬ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻢ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ وﻟﺪ ﻗﺒﻞ اﳍﺠﺮة ﺑﺜﻼث ﺳﻨﲔ ﻻزم اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻷﻧﻪ اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﻪ‪ ،‬وﺧﺎﻟﺘﻪ ﻣﻴﻤﻮﻧﺔ‬
‫ﲢﺖ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬وﺿّﻤﻪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ إﱃ ﺻﺪرﻩ وﻗﺎل‪ :‬اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ اﳊﻜﻤﺔ‪ ،‬وﰲ رواﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻟﻜﺘﺎب‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺣﲔ وﺿﻊ ﻟﻪ وﺿﻮءﻩ‪ :‬اﻟﻠﻬﻢ ﻓﻘﻪ ﰲ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎن ‪Ø‬ﺬا اﻟﺪﻋﺎء اﳌﺒﺎرك ﺣﱪ اﻷﻣﺔ ﰲ ﻧﺸﺮ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ واﻟﻔﻘﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺣﻴﺚ وﻓﻘﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻟﻠﺤﺮص ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ واﳉﺪ ﰲ ﻃﻠﺒﻪ واﻟﺼﱪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺗﻠﻘﻴﻪ وﺑﺬﻟﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﻓﻨﺎل ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﻣﻜﺎً‪ 5‬ﻋﺎﻟﻴًﺎ ﺣﱴ ﻛﺎن أﻣﲑ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﻋﻤﺮ ﺑﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب ﻳﺪﻋﻮﻩ إﱃ ﳎﺎﻟﺴﻪ و‪Ô‬ﺧﺬ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل‬
‫اﳌﻬﺎﺟﺮون‪ :‬أﻻ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ أﺑﻨﺎء‪ 5‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس؟! ﻓﻘﺎل ﳍﻢ‪ :‬ذاﻛﻢ ﻓﱴ اﻟﻜﻬﻮل ﻟﻪ ﻟﺴﺎن ﺳﺆول وﻗﻠﺐ‬
‫ﻋﻘﻮل‪ ،‬ﰒ دﻋﺎﻫﻢ ذات ﻳﻮم ﻓﺄدﺧﻠﻪ ﻣﻌﻬﻢ ﻟﲑﻳﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻣﺎ رآﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﰲ ﻗﻮل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪:‬‬
‫﴿إَِذا ﺟﺎء ﻧَﺼﺮ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ k‬واﻟَْﻔْﺘُﺢ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺼﺮ‪ [١:‬ﺣﱴ ﺧﺘﻢ اﻟﺴﻮرة‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‪ :‬أﻣﺮ‪ 5‬أن ﳓﻤﺪ ﷲ وﻧﺴﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ‬ ‫َ َ ُْ‬
‫إذا ﻓﺘﺢ ﻋﻠﻴﻨﺎ‪ ،‬وﺳﻜﺖ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ ﻻﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ :‬أﻛﺬﻟﻚ ﺗﻘﻮل؟ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻻ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﺗﻘﻮل؟ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ أﺟﻞ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪ ،‬أﻋﻠﻤﻪ ﷲ ﻟﻪ إذا ﺟﺎء ﻧﺼﺮ ﷲ‪ ،‬واﻟﻔﺘﺢ ﻓﺘﺢ ﻣﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﺬﻟﻚ ﻋﻼﻣﺔ أﺟﻠﻚ ﻓﺴﺒﺢ‬
‫ﲝﻤﺪ رﺑﻚ‪ ،‬واﺳﺘﻐﻔﺮﻩ إﻧﻪ ﻛﺎن ﺗﻮاً∞‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﻋﻤﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ إﻻ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد رﺿﻲ ﷲ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﻨﻌﻢ ﺗﺮﲨﺎن اﻟﻘﺮآن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس‪ ،‬ﻟﻮ أدرك أﺳﻨﺎﻧﻨﺎ ﻣﺎ ﻋﺎﺷﺮﻩ ﻣﻨﺎ أﺣﺪ‪ ،‬أي ﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻧﻈًﲑا ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﺬا ﻣﻊ‬
‫أن اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻋﺎش ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺳﺘًﺎ وﺛﻼﺛﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻤﺎ ﻇﻨﻚ ﲟﺎ اﻛﺘﺴﺐ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل اﺑﻦ ﻋﻤﺮ ﻟﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻋﻦ آﻳﺔ‪ :‬اﻧﻄﻠﻖ إﱃ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻓﺎﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻓﺈﻧﻪ أﻋﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ ﺑﻘﻲ ﲟﺎ أﻧﺰل ﻋﻠﻰ ﳏﻤﺪ‬
‫ﷺ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﻋﻄﺎء‪ :‬ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ ﻗﻂ أﻛﺮم ﻣﻦ ﳎﻠﺲ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻓﻘﻬﺎ وأﻋﻈﻢ ﺧﺸﻴﺔ‪ ،‬إن أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻔﻘﻪ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‪،‬‬
‫وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﺸﻌﺮ ﻋﻨﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﺪرﻫﻢ ﻛﻠﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ واد واﺳﻊ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺎل أﺑﻮ واﺋﻞ‪ :‬ﺧﻄﺒﻨﺎ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس وﻫﻮ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻮﺳﻢ )أي واٍل ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ اﳊﺞ ﻣﻦ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ(‬
‫ﻓﺎﻓﺘﺘﺢ ﺳﻮرة اﻟﻨﻮر ﳒﻌﻞ ﻳﻘﺮأ وﻳﻔﺴﺮ‪ ،‬ﻓﺠﻌﻠﺖ أﻗﻮل ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﲰﻌﺖ ﻛﻼم رﺟﻞ ﻣﺜﻠﻪ‪ ،‬وﻟﻮ ﲰﻌﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻓﺎرس واﻟﺮوم واﻟﱰك ﻷﺳﻠﻤﺖ‪ ،‬وﻻﻩ ﻋﺜﻤﺎن ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻮﺳﻢ اﳊﺞ ﺳﻨﺔ ﲬﺲ وﺛﻼﺛﲔ ووﻻﻩ ﻋﻠﱞﻲ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺒﺼﺮة‬
‫ﻓﻠﻤﺎ ﻗﺘﻞ ﻣﻀﻰ إﱃ اﳊﺠﺎز‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻗﺎم ﰲ ﻣﻜﺔ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﺧﺮج ﻣﻨﻬﺎ إﱃ اﻟﻄﺎﺋﻒ ﻓﻤﺎت ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﺳﻨﺔ ﲦﺎن وﺳﺘﲔ ﻋﻦ‬
‫إﺣﺪى وﺳﺒﻌﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪109‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪110‬‬

‫اﳌﺸﺘﻬﺮون ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ‬

‫اﺷﺘﻬﺮ ∞ﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﺎﺑﻌﲔ ﻛﺜﲑون ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬أﻫﻞ ﻣﻜﺔ‪ :‬وﻫﻢ أﺗﺒﺎع اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﻛﻤﺠﺎﻫﺪ وﻋﻜﺮﻣﺔ وﻋﻄﺎء ﺑﻦ أﰊ ر∞ح‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ -‬أﻫﻞ اﳌﺪﻳﻨﺔ‪ :‬وﻫﻢ اﺗﺒﺎع أُﰊ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ‪ ،‬ﻛﺰﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ أﺳﻠﻢ وأﰊ اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻴﺔ وﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻛﻌﺐ اﻟﻘﺮﻇﻲ‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ -‬أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﻮﻓﺔ‪ :‬وﻫﻢ أﺗﺒﺎع اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﺘﺎدة وﻋﻠﻘﻤﺔ‪ ،‬واﻟﺸﻌﱯ‪ .‬ﻓﻠﻨﱰﺟﻢ ﳊﻴﺎة اﺛﻨﲔ ﻣﻦ ﻫﺆﻻء‪:‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻫﺪ وﻗﺘﺎدة‪.‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﳎﺎﻫﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﳎﺎﻫﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺟﱪ اﳌﻜﻲ ﻣﻮﱃ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺐ ﺑﻦ أﰊ اﻟﺴﺎﺋﺐ اﳌﺨﺰوﻣﻲ وﻟﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ إﺣﺪى وﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ اﳍﺠﺮة‪،‬‬
‫وأﺧﺬ ﺗﻔﺴﲑ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬روى اﺑﻦ إﺳﺤﺎق ﻋﻨﻪ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻋﺮﺿﺖ اﳌﺼﺤﻒ‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ اﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس ﺛﻼث ﻋﺮﺿﺎت ﻣﻦ ﻓﺎﲢﺘﻪ إﱃ ﺧﺎﲤﺘﻪ أوﻗﻔﻪ ﻋﻨﺪ ﻛﻞ آﻳﺔ وأﺳﺄﻟﻪ ﻋﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ﺳﻔﻴﺎن اﻟﺜﻮري‬
‫ﻳﻘﻮل‪ :‬إذا ﺟﺎءك اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻋﻦ ﳎﺎﻫﺪ ﻓﺤﺴﺒﻚ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬واﻋﺘﻤﺪ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ اﻟﺸﺎﻓﻌﻲ واﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻛﺎن ﻛﺜًﲑا ﻣﺎ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ‬
‫ﻋﻨﻪ ﰲ " ﺻﺤﻴﺤﻪ" وﻗﺎل اﻟﺬﻫﱯ ﰲ آﺧﺮ ﺗﺮﲨﺘﻪ‪ :‬أﲨﻌﺖ اﻷﻣﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ إﻣﺎﻣﺔ ﳎﺎﻫﺪ واﻻﺣﺘﺠﺎج ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﰲ ﰲ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺔ وﻫﻮ ﺳﺎﺟﺪ ﺳﻨﺔ أرﺑﻊ وﻣﺎﺋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺛﻼث وﲦﺎﻧﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪111‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﻗﺘﺎدة‪:‬‬
‫ﻫﻮ ﻗﺘﺎدة ﺑﻦ دﻋﺎﻣﺔ اﻟﺴﺪوﺳﻲ اﻟﺒﺼﺮي وﻟﺪ أﻛﻤﻪ ‪-‬أي أﻋﻤﻰ‪ -‬ﺳﻨﺔ إﺣﺪى وﺳﺘﲔ‪ ،‬وﺟﺪ ﰲ ﻃﻠﺐ‬
‫اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪ ،‬وﻛﺎن ﻟﻪ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﺔ ﻗﻮﻳﺔ ﺣﱴ ﻗﺎل ﰲ ﻧﻔﺴﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻗﻠﺖ ﶈﺪث ﻗﻂ أﻋﺪ ﱄ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﲰﻌﺖ أذ‪5‬ي ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ ﻗﻂ‬
‫إﻻ وﻋﺎﻩ ﻗﻠﱯ‪ ،‬وذﻛﺮﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم أﲪﺪ ﻓﺄﻃﻨﺐ ﰲ ذﻛﺮﻩ ﻓﺠﻌﻞ ﻳﻨﺸﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻠﻤﻪ وﻓﻘﻬﻪ وﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﻪ ∞ﻻﺧﺘﻼف‬
‫واﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ووﺻﻔﻪ ∞ﳊﻔﻆ واﻟﻔﻘﻪ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﻠﻤﺎ ﲡﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻳﺘﻘﺪﻣﻪ أﻣﺎ اﳌﺜﻞ ﻓﻠﻌﻞ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻫﻮ أﺣﻔﻆ أﻫﻞ‬
‫اﻟﺒﺼﺮة‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﺴﻤﻊ ﺷﻴﺌًﺎ إﻻ ﺣﻔﻈﻪ‪ ،‬وﺗﻮﰲ ﰲ واﺳﻂ ﺳﻨﺔ ﺳﺒﻊ ﻋﺸﺮة وﻣﺎﺋﺔ‪ ،‬ﻋﻦ ﺳﺘﺔ وﲬﺴﲔ ﺳﻨﺔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪112‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﺮآن ﳏﻜﻢ وﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬

‫ﻳﺘﻨﻮع اﻟﻘﺮآن اﻟﻜﺮﱘ ∞ﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻹﺣﻜﺎم واﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ إﱃ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻧﻮاع‪:‬‬
‫ب أُْﺣِﻜَﻤ ْ‬
‫ﺖ آَ‪ò‬ﺗُﻪُ ُﰒﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻷول‪ :‬اﻹﺣﻜﺎم اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺬي وﺻﻒ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻛﺘَﺎ ٌ‬
‫ب اْﳊَِﻜﻴِﻢ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ [١:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‬ ‫ت اﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ﺖ ِﻣْﻦ ﻟَُﺪْن َﺣِﻜﻴٍﻢ َﺧﺒٍِﲑ﴾ ]ﻫﻮد‪ [١:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿اﻟﺮ ﺗِْﻠ َ‬
‫ﻚ آَ‪ُ ò‬‬ ‫ﺼﻠَ ْ‬ ‫ﻓُ ِّ‬
‫ب ﻟََﺪﻳْـﻨَﺎ ﻟََﻌِﻠﱞﻲ َﺣِﻜﻴٌﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‪.[٤ :‬‬
‫﴿َوإِﻧﱠﻪُ ِﰲ أُِّم اﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬
‫وﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬا اﻹﺣﻜﺎم اﻹﺗﻘﺎن واﳉﻮدة ﰲ أﻟﻔﺎﻇﻪ وﻣﻌﺎﻧﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﻮ ﰲ ﻏﺎﻳﺔ اﻟﻔﺼﺎﺣﺔ واﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ‪ ،‬أﺧﺒﺎرﻩ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺻﺪق ‪5‬ﻓﻌﺔ‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ ﻛﺬب‪ ،‬وﻻ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﻟﻐﻮ ﻻ ﺧﲑ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وأﺣﻜﺎﻣﻪ ﻛﻠﻬﺎ ﻋﺪل‪ ،‬وﺣﻜﻤﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻬﺎ‬
‫ﺟﻮر وﻻ ﺗﻌﺎرض وﻻ ﺣﻜﻢ ﺳﻔﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺚ ِﻛﺘَﺎ∞ً‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﻌﺎم اﻟﺬي وﺻﻒ ﺑﻪ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬اﱠ‪ k‬ﻧَـﱠﺰَل أَْﺣﺴﻦ اْﳊِﺪﻳ ِ‬
‫ََ َ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫ﺸﻮَن رﱠ‪Ø‬ﻢ ُﰒﱠ ﺗَِﻠﲔ ﺟﻠُﻮُدﻫﻢ وﻗُـﻠُﻮُ‪Ø‬ﻢ إَِﱃ ِذْﻛِﺮ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﻣﺘَﺸﺎِ‪Ø‬ﺎً ﻣﺜﺎِﱐ ﺗَـْﻘ َ ِ ِ‬
‫‪] ﴾k‬اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‪[٢٣ :‬‬ ‫ُ ُ ُ ْ َ ُْ‬ ‫ﺸﻌﱡﺮ ﻣْﻨﻪُ ُﺟﻠُﻮُد اﻟﱠﺬﻳَﻦ َﳜْ َ ْ َ ُ ْ‬ ‫ََ َ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ﻀﺎ ﰲ اﻟﻜﻤﺎل واﳉﻮدة واﻟﻐﺎ‪ò‬ت اﳊﻤﻴﺪة ﴿َوﻟَْﻮ َﻛﺎَن‬
‫وﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬أن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ﻳﺸﺒﻪ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺑﻌ ً‬
‫ِﻣﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪ ﻏَ ِْﲑ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻟََﻮَﺟُﺪوا ِﻓﻴِﻪ اْﺧﺘِﻼﻓﺎً َﻛﺜِﲑاً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪.[٨٢:‬‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﻚ‬ ‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬اﻹﺣﻜﺎم اﳋﺎص ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻪ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﳋﺎص ﺑﺒﻌﻀﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ُ﴿ :‬ﻫَﻮ اﻟﱠِﺬي أَﻧْـَﺰَل َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺸﺎﺑَﻪَ‬‫ت ﻓَﺄَﱠﻣﺎ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﰲ ﻗُـﻠُﻮِ‪ِْØ‬ﻢ َزﻳٌْﻎ ﻓَـﻴَـﺘﱠﺒُِﻌﻮَن َﻣﺎ ﺗَ َ‬ ‫ت ُﻫﱠﻦ أُﱡم اﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬
‫ب َوأَُﺧُﺮ ُﻣﺘََﺸﺎِ‪َØ‬ﺎ ٌ‬ ‫ت ُﳏَْﻜَﻤﺎ ٌ‬ ‫ب ِﻣْﻨﻪُ آَ‪ٌ ò‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬
‫ِﻣْﻨﻪُ اﺑْﺘِﻐَﺎَء اﻟِْﻔ ْﺘـﻨَِﺔ َواﺑْﺘِﻐَﺎَء َ‪ِْÛ‬وﻳِﻠِﻪ َوَﻣﺎ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَُﻢ َ‪ِْÛ‬وﻳﻠَﻪُ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬واﻟﱠﺮاِﺳُﺨﻮَن ِﰲ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن آَﻣﻨﱠﺎ ﺑِِﻪ ُﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣْﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪ‬
‫ب﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪.[٧:‬‬ ‫َرﺑِّﻨَﺎ َوَﻣﺎ ﻳَﱠﺬﱠﻛﺮ إِﱠﻻ أُوﻟُﻮ اْﻷَﻟْﺒَﺎ ِ‬
‫ُ‬
‫س إِﱠ‪5‬‬‫وﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬا اﻹﺣﻜﺎم أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﲎ اﻵﻳﺔ واﺿًﺤﺎ ﺟﻠﻴًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﺧﻔﺎء ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫س‬‫َﺧﻠَْﻘﻨَﺎُﻛْﻢ ﻣْﻦ ذََﻛٍﺮ َوأُﻧْـﺜَﻰ َوَﺟَﻌْﻠﻨَﺎُﻛْﻢ ُﺷُﻌﻮ∞ً َوﻗَـﺒَﺎﺋَﻞ ﻟﺘَـَﻌﺎَرﻓُﻮا﴾ ]اﳊﺠﺮات‪ ،[١٣ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫اْﻋﺒُُﺪوا َرﺑﱠُﻜُﻢ اﻟﱠِﺬي َﺧﻠََﻘُﻜْﻢ َواﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻠُﻜْﻢ ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗَـﺘﱠـُﻘﻮَن﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢١ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪َ﴿ :‬وأََﺣﻞﱠ اﱠ‪ ُk‬اﻟْﺒَـْﻴَﻊ﴾‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑِِﻪ﴾ ]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪[٣:‬‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋﻠَﻴُﻜﻢ اﻟْﻤﻴـﺘﺔُ واﻟﱠﺪم وَﳊﻢ اْﳋِْﻨِﺰﻳِﺮ وﻣﺎ أُِﻫﱠﻞ ﻟِﻐَ ِْﲑ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ََ‬ ‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢٧٥:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿ُﺣ ِّﺮَﻣ ْ ْ ُ َ ْ َ َ ُ َ ْ ُ‬
‫وأﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ ﻛﺜﲑة‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻌﲎ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﲎ اﻵﻳﺔ ﻣﺸﺘﺒًﻬﺎ ﺧﻔﻴًﺎ ﲝﻴﺚ ﻳﺘﻮﻫﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻮاﻫﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ∞‪ $‬ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬أو‬
‫ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ أو رﺳﻮﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وﻳﻔﻬﻢ ﻣﻨﻪ اﻟﻌﺎﱂ اﻟﺮاﺳﺦ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﺧﻼف ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﻮﻃَﺘَﺎِن﴾ ]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪ [٦٤:‬أن‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ∞‪ $‬ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬أن ﻳﺘﻮﻫﻢ واﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﺑَْﻞ ﻳََﺪاﻩُ َﻣْﺒ ُ‬
‫‪ $‬ﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﳑﺎﺛﻠﺘﲔ ﻷﻳﺪي اﳌﺨﻠﻮﻗﲔ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪113‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪114‬‬

‫ﻀﺎ ﺣﲔ ﻳﻘﻮل‪:‬‬ ‫وﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﻜﺘﺎب ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬أن ﻳﺘﻮﻫﻢ واﻫﻢ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ اﻟﻘﺮآن وﺗﻜﺬﻳﺐ ﺑﻌﻀﻪ ﺑﻌ ً‬
‫ﻚ﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [٧٩:‬وﻳﻘﻮل ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﻣْﻦ َﺳﻴِّﺌٍَﺔ ﻓَِﻤْﻦ ﻧَـْﻔِﺴ َ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﻣﻦ ﺣ ٍ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻨَﺔ ﻓَﻤَﻦ اﱠ‪َ k‬وَﻣﺎ أَ َ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺑَ َ‬ ‫ﺻﺎﺑَ َ ْ َ َ‬ ‫﴿َﻣﺎ أَ َ‬
‫ﺼ ْﺒـُﻬْﻢ َﺳﻴِّﺌَﺔٌ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮا َﻫِﺬﻩِ ِﻣْﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪَك ﻗُﻞ ُﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣْﻦ‬
‫‪ k‬وإِْن ﺗُ ِ‬ ‫ِِ ِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻨَﺔٌ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮا َﻫﺬﻩ ﻣْﻦ ﻋْﻨﺪ ا ﱠ َ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫آﺧﺮ‪َ﴿ :‬وإْن ﺗُﺼ ْﺒـُﻬْﻢ َﺣ َ‬
‫‪] ﴾k‬اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪.[٧٨:‬‬ ‫ِﻋْﻨِﺪ ا ﱠِ‬

‫ﻚ ِﳑﱠﺎ أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬

‫ﻚ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺄَِل‬ ‫ﺖ ِﰲ َﺷ ٍّ‬
‫وﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﻳﺘﻌﻠﻖ ﺑﺮﺳﻮل ﷲ‪ ،‬أن ﻳﺘﻮﻫﻢ واﻫﻢ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ﻓَِﺈْن ُﻛْﻨ َ‬
‫ﻚ ﻓَﻼ ﺗَُﻜﻮﻧَﱠﻦ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﻤ َِﱰﻳَﻦ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪[٩٤ :‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﻟََﻘْﺪ َﺟﺎَءَك اْﳊَﱡﻖ ِﻣْﻦ َرﺑِّ َ‬‫ب ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻠ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟﱠﺬﻳَﻦ ﻳَـْﻘَﺮأُوَن اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬
‫ﻇﺎﻫﺮﻩ أن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻛﺎن ﺷﺎًﻛﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﻧﺰل إﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪115‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﺮاﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ واﻟﺰاﺋﻐﲔ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬
‫إن ﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﺮاﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ وﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﺰاﺋﻐﲔ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺑﻴﻨﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻘﺎل ﰲ اﻟﺰاﺋﻐﲔ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﺄَﱠﻣﺎ‬
‫ﺸﺎﺑَﻪَ ِﻣْﻨﻪُ اﺑْﺘِﻐَﺎَء اﻟِْﻔ ْﺘـﻨَِﺔ َواﺑْﺘِﻐَﺎَء َ‪ِْÛ‬وﻳِﻠِﻪ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪ [٧:‬وﻗﺎل ﰲ‬
‫اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﰲ ﻗُـﻠُﻮِ‪ِْØ‬ﻢ َزﻳٌْﻎ ﻓَـﻴَـﺘﱠﺒُِﻌﻮَن َﻣﺎ ﺗَ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮاﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻟﱠﺮاِﺳُﺨﻮَن ِﰲ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ ﻳَـُﻘﻮﻟُﻮَن آَﻣﻨﱠﺎ ﺑِِﻪ ُﻛﻞﱞ ِﻣْﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪ َرﺑِّﻨَﺎ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪ .[٧:‬ﻓﺎﻟﺰاﺋﻐﻮن‬
‫ﻳﺘﺨﺬون ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳌﺸﺘﺒﻬﺎت وﺳﻴﻠﺔ ﻟﻠﻄﻌﻦ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ‪ ،‬وﻓﺘﻨﺔ اﻟﻨﺎس ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬و‪Û‬وﻳﻠﻪ ﻟﻐﲑ ﻣﺎ أراد‬
‫ﻀﻠُﻮن وأﻣﺎ اﻟﺮاﺳﺨﻮن ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻳﺆﻣﻨﻮن ‪±‬ن ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﰲ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻖ‬ ‫ﻀﻠُﻮن‪ ،‬وﻳ ِ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫وﻟﻴﺲ ﻓﻴﻪ اﺧﺘﻼف وﻻ ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻷﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﴿وﻟَﻮ َﻛﺎَن ِﻣﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪ ﻏَ ِْﲑ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻟََﻮَﺟُﺪوا ِﻓﻴِﻪ اْﺧﺘِﻼﻓﺎً َﻛﺜِﲑاً﴾‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َْ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [٨٢:‬وﻣﺎ ﺟﺎء ﻣﺸﺘﺒًﻬﺎ ردوﻩ إﱃ اﶈﻜﻢ ﻟﻴﻜﻮن اﳉﻤﻴﻊ ﳏﻜًﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﰲ اﳌﺜﺎل اﻷول‪ :‬إن ‪ $‬ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﺪﻳﻦ ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻴﺘﲔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ﲜﻼﻟﻪ وﻋﻈﻤﺘﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﲤﺎﺛﻼن أﻳﺪي‬
‫اﳌﺨﻠﻮﻗﲔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ أن ﻟﻪ ذات ﻻ ﲤﺎﺛﻞ ذوات اﳌﺨﻠﻮﻗﲔ‪ ،‬ﻷن ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻳﻘﻮل‪﴿ :‬ﻟﻴﺲ َﻛِﻤﺜِْﻠِﻪ َﺷْﻲءٌ َوُﻫَﻮ‬
‫ﲑ﴾ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‪.[١١:‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻤﻴُﻊ اﻟْﺒَﺼ ُ‬
‫وﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﰲ اﳌﺜﺎل اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬إن اﳊﺴﻨﺔ واﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﻛﻠﺘﺎﳘﺎ ﺑﺘﻘﺪﻳﺮ ﷲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻦ اﳊﺴﻨﺔ ﺳﺒﺒﻬﺎ اﻟﺘﻔﻀﻞ ﻣﻦ‬
‫ﺖ‬‫ﺴﺒَ ْ‬ ‫ِ ِ ٍ ِ‬ ‫ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺒﺎدﻩ‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ اﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ ﻓﺴﺒﺒﻬﺎ ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿َوَﻣﺎ أَ َ‬
‫ﺻﺎﺑَُﻜْﻢ ﻣْﻦ ُﻣﺼﻴﺒَﺔ ﻓَﺒَﻤﺎ َﻛ َ‬
‫أَﻳِْﺪﻳُﻜْﻢ َوﻳَـْﻌُﻔﻮ َﻋْﻦ َﻛﺜٍِﲑ﴾ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‪ [٣٠ :‬ﻓﺈﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ إﱃ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻣﻦ إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺸﻲء إﱃ ﺳﺒﺒﻪ‪ ،‬ﻻ ﻣﻦ‬
‫إﺿﺎﻓﺘﻪ إﱃ ُﻣَﻘ ِّﺪِرِﻩ‪ ،‬أﻣﺎ إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﳊﺴﻨﺔ واﻟﺴﻴﺌﺔ إﱃ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻤﻦ ∞ب إﺿﺎﻓﺔ اﻟﺸﻲء إﱃ ُﻣَﻘ ِّﺪِرِﻩ‪ ،‬و‪Ø‬ﺬا‬
‫ﻳﺰول ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻫﻢ اﻻﺧﺘﻼف ﺑﲔ اﻵﻳﺘﲔ ﻻﻧﻔﻜﺎك اﳉﻬﺔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻳﻘﻮﻟﻮن ﰲ اﳌﺜﺎل اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬إن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﱂ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﻚ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﻧﺰل إﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ ﻫﻮ أﻋﻠﻢ اﻟﻨﺎس ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻗﻮاﻫﻢ‬
‫ﻚ ِﻣْﻦ ِدﻳِﲏ ﻓَﻼ أَْﻋﺒُُﺪ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ‬
‫س إِْن ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُْﻢ ِﰲ َﺷ ٍّ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻴﻨًﺎ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ ﻧﻔﺲ اﻟﺴﻮرة‪﴿ :‬ﻗُْﻞ َ‪ ò‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫‪] ﴾k‬ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ [١٠٤:‬اﳌﻌﲎ إن ﻛﻨﺖ ﰲ ﺷﻚ ﻣﻨﻪ ﻓﺄ‪ 5‬ﻋﻠﻰ ﻳﻘﲔ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬وﳍﺬا ﻻ أﻋﺒﺪ‬ ‫ﺗَـﻌﺒُﺪوَن ِﻣﻦ ُدوِن ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ُْ‬
‫اﻟﺬﻳﻦ ﺗﻌﺒﺪون ﻣﻦ دون ﷲ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ أﻛﻔﺮ ‪Ø‬ﻢ وأﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪ [٩٤:‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﺸﻚ ﺟﺎﺋًﺰا ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻚ ِﳑﱠﺎ أَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫ﺖ ِﰲ َﺷ ٍّ‬
‫وﻻ ﻳﻠﺰم ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَِﺈْن ُﻛْﻨ َ‬
‫اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ‪ ،‬أو واﻗًﻌﺎ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ .‬أﻻ ﺗﺮى ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻗُْﻞ إِْن َﻛﺎَن ﻟِﻠﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ َوﻟٌَﺪ ﻓَﺄََ‪ 5‬أَﱠوُل اﻟَْﻌﺎﺑِِﺪﻳَﻦ﴾ ]اﻟﺰﺧﺮف‪:‬‬
‫‪ [٨١‬ﻫﻞ ﻳﻠﺰم ﻣﻨﻪ أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻟﻮﻟﺪ ﺟﺎﺋًﺰا ﻋﻠﻰ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ أو ﺣﺎﺻﻼً؟ ﻛﻼ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺬا ﱂ ﻳﻜﻦ ﺣﺎﺻﻼً‪ ،‬وﻻ ﺟﺎﺋًﺰا‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣﺎ ﻳَـ ْﻨـﺒَِﻐﻲ ﻟِﻠﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ أَْن ﻳَـﺘﱠِﺨَﺬ َوﻟَﺪاً﴾ ]ﻣﺮﱘ‪﴿ [٩٢ :‬إِْن ُﻛﻞﱡ َﻣْﻦ ِﰲ‬
‫ض إِﱠﻻ آِﰐ اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ َﻋْﺒﺪاً﴾ ]ﻣﺮﱘ‪.[٩٣ :‬‬ ‫ﺴﻤﺎوا ِ‬
‫ت َواْﻷَْر ِ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ َ َ‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪116‬‬
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 ‫‪117‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫وﻻ ﻳﻠﺰم ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﻼ ﺗَُﻜﻮﻧَﱠﻦ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﻤ َِﱰﻳَﻦ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٤٧:‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﻻﻣﱰاء واﻗًﻌﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬
‫ﻚ َﻋﻦ آ‪ِ ò‬‬
‫ت‬ ‫ﺼﱡﺪﻧﱠ َ ْ َ‬ ‫ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻷن اﻟﻨﻬﻲ ﻋﻦ اﻟﺸﻲء ﻗﺪ ﻳﻮﺟﻪ إﱃ ﻣﻦ ﱂ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬أﻻ ﺗﺮى ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻻ ﻳَ ُ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‪ [٨٧ :‬وﻣﻦ اﳌﻌﻠﻮم أ‪ƒ‬ﻢ ﱂ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ع إَِﱃ َرﺑِّ َ‬ ‫ﺖ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺑَـْﻌَﺪ إِْذ أُﻧِْﺰﻟَ ْ‬
‫ﻚ َوﻻ ﺗَُﻜﻮﻧَﱠﻦ ﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻤْﺸِﺮﻛ َ‬ ‫ﻚ َواْد ُ‬
‫ﻳﺼﺪون اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻋﻦ آ‪ò‬ت ﷲ‪ ،‬وأن اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﱂ ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ ﺷﺮك‪ .‬واﻟﻐﺮض ﻣﻦ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ اﻟﻨﻬﻲ إﱃ ﻣﻦ ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﻘﻊ ﻣﻨﻪ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻨﺪﻳﺪ ﲟﻦ وﻗﻊ ﻣﻨﻬﻢ واﻟﺘﺤﺬﻳﺮ ﻣﻦ ﻣﻨﻬﺎﺟﻬﻢ‪ ،‬و‪Ø‬ﺬا ﻳﺰول اﻻﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ‪ ،‬وﻇﻦ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻠﻴﻖ ∞ﻟﺮﺳﻮل‬
‫ﷺ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪118‬‬

‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬

‫اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‪:‬‬
‫أﺣﺪﳘﺎ‪ :‬ﺣﻘﻴﻘﻲ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ أن ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻪ اﻟﺒﺸﺮ ﻛﺤﻘﺎﺋﻖ ﺻﻔﺎت ﷲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻨﺎ وإن ﻛﻨﺎ ﻧﻌﻠﻢ ﻣﻌﺎﱐ‬
‫ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﺼﻔﺎت‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻨﺎ ﻻ ﻧﺪرك ﺣﻘﺎﺋﻘﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﻛﻴﻔﻴﺘﻬﺎ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻻ ُِﳛﻴﻄُﻮَن ﺑِِﻪ ِﻋْﻠﻤﺎً﴾ ]ﻃﻪ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪[١١٠‬‬
‫ﻒ اْﳋَﺒِﲑُ﴾ ]اﻷﻧﻌﺎم‪ [١٠٣ :‬وﳍﺬا ﳌﺎ‬ ‫ﺼﺎَر َوُﻫَﻮ اﻟﻠﱠِﻄﻴ ُ‬
‫ﺼﺎُر َوُﻫَﻮ ﻳُْﺪِرُك اْﻷَﺑْ َ‬
‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻻ ﺗُْﺪِرُﻛﻪُ اْﻷَﺑْ َ‬
‫ش اْﺳﺘَـَﻮى﴾ ]ﻃﻪ‪ [٥ :‬ﻛﻴﻒ اﺳﺘﻮى‬
‫ﺳﺌﻞ اﻹﻣﺎم ﻣﺎﻟﻚ رﲪﻪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَُﻦ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟَْﻌْﺮ ِ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬اﻻﺳﺘﻮاء ﻏﲑ ﳎﻬﻮل‪ ،‬واﻟﻜﻴﻒ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻌﻘﻮل‪ ،‬واﻹﳝﺎن ﺑﻪ واﺟﺐ‪ ،‬واﻟﺴﺆال ﻋﻨﻪ ﺑﺪﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻻ‬
‫ﻳﺴﺄل ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻓﻪ ﻟﺘﻌﺬر اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﻨﻮع اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻧﺴﱯ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﺸﺘﺒًﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺑﻌﺾ اﻟﻨﺎس دون ﺑﻌﺾ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﻜﻮن ﻣﻌﻠﻮًﻣﺎ ﻟﻠﺮاﺳﺨﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ‬
‫دون ﻏﲑﻫﻢ‪ ،‬وﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻳﺴﺄل ﻋﻦ اﺳﺘﻜﺸﺎﻓﻪ وﺑﻴﺎﻧﻪ؛ ﻹﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﻮﺻﻮل إﻟﻴﻪ‪ ،‬إذ ﻻ ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺷﻲء‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪:‬‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻻ ﻳﺘﺒﲔ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ ﻷﺣﺪ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺎس‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬ﻫَﺬا ﺑَـﻴَﺎٌن ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎ ِ‬
‫ى َوَﻣْﻮﻋﻈَﺔٌ ﻟْﻠُﻤﺘﱠﻘ َ‬
‫س َوُﻫﺪ ً‬
‫ب ﺗِْﺒـﻴَﺎ‪ ً5‬ﻟُِﻜِّﻞ َﺷْﻲٍء﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪ [٨٩:‬وﻗﺎل‪﴿ :‬ﻓَِﺈَذا ﻗَـَﺮأَْ‪5‬ﻩُ ﻓَﺎﺗﱠﺒِْﻊ‬ ‫‪ [١٣٨‬وﻗﺎل‪﴿ :‬وﻧَـﱠﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ َﻋﻠَﻴ َ ِ‬
‫ﻚ اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﻗُـْﺮآﻧَﻪُ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‪ [١٨ :‬وﻗﺎل‪ُ﴿ :‬ﰒﱠ إﱠن َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ ﺑَـﻴَﺎﻧَﻪُ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‪ [١٩ :‬وﻗﺎل‪ òَ﴿ :‬أَﻳﱡـَﻬﺎ اﻟﻨﱠﺎ ُ‬
‫س ﻗَْﺪ َﺟﺎَءُﻛْﻢ‬
‫ﺑُـْﺮَﻫﺎٌن ِﻣْﻦ َرﺑُِّﻜْﻢ َوأَﻧْـَﺰﻟْﻨَﺎ إِﻟَْﻴُﻜْﻢ ﻧُﻮراً ُﻣﺒِﻴﻨﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪.[١٧٤ :‬‬
‫ﺲ َﻛِﻤﺜِْﻠِﻪ َﺷْﻲءٌ﴾ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‪ [١١:‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻫﻞ‬ ‫وأﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﻛﺜﲑة ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﻄﻴﻞ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻬﻤﻮا ﻣﻨﻪ اﻧﺘﻔﺎء اﻟﺼﻔﺎت ﻋﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬وأدﻋﻮا أن ﺛﺒﻮ‪Ò‬ﺎ ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰم اﳌﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‪ ،‬واﻋﺮﺿﻮا ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﻟﻜﺜﲑة اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﺒﻮت اﻟﺼﻔﺎت ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬وأن إﺛﺒﺎت أﺻﻞ اﳌﻌﲎ ﻻ ﻳﺴﺘﻠﺰم اﳌﻤﺎﺛﻠﺔ‪.‬‬
‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ َوﻟََﻌﻨَﻪُ َوأََﻋﱠﺪ ﻟَﻪُ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿َوَﻣْﻦ ﻳَـْﻘﺘُْﻞ ُﻣْﺆﻣﻨﺎً ُﻣﺘَـَﻌّﻤﺪاً ﻓََﺠَﺰاُؤﻩُ َﺟَﻬﻨﱠُﻢ َﺧﺎﻟﺪاً ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ َوﻏَﻀ َ‬
‫َﻋَﺬا∞ً َﻋِﻈﻴﻤﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [٩٣ :‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮﻋﻴﺪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻬﻤﻮا ﻣﻨﻪ أن ﻗﺎﺗﻞ اﳌﺆﻣﻦ ﻋﻤًﺪا ﳐﻠﺪ ﰲ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺎر‪ ،‬وﻃﺮدوا ذﻟﻚ ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻜﺒﺎﺋﺮ‪ ،‬واﻋﺮﺿﻮا ﻋﻦ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻛﻞ ذﻧﺐ دون اﻟﺸﺮك‬
‫ﻓﻬﻮ ﲢﺖ ﻣﺸﻴﺌﺔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ َﻋﻠَﻰ ا ﱠِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫ب إِﱠن َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎِء َواْﻷَْر ِ‬
‫ض إِﱠن َذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﻚ ِﰲ ِﻛﺘَﺎ ٍ‬ ‫وﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬أََﱂْ ﺗَـْﻌﻠَْﻢ أَﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻳَـْﻌﻠَُﻢ َﻣﺎ ِﰲ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﲑ﴾ ]اﳊﺞ‪ [٧٠ :‬ﺣﻴﺚ اﺷﺘﺒﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﳉﱪﻳﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓﻔﻬﻤﻮا ﻣﻨﻪ أن اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﳎﺒﻮر ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﻤﻠﻪ‪ ،‬وادﻋﻮا أﻧﻪ ﻟﻴﺲ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻳَﺴ ٌ‬
‫ﻟﻪ إرادة وﻻ ﻗﺪرة ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وأﻋﺮﺿﻮا ﻋﻦ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﻟﺪاﻟﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ أن ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺪ إرادة وﻗﺪرة‪ ،‬وأن ﻓﻌﻞ اﻟﻌﺒﺪ ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‪:‬‬
‫اﺧﺘﻴﺎري‪ ،‬وﻏﲑ اﺧﺘﻴﺎري‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺮاﺳﺨﻮن ﰲ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻌﻘﻮل‪ ،‬ﻳﻌﺮﻓﻮن ﻛﻴﻒ ﳜﺮﺟﻮن ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳌﺘﺸﺎ‪Ø‬ﺔ إﱃ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻳﺘﻼءم ﻣﻊ‬
‫اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﻷﺧﺮى‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺒﻘﻰ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ﳏﻜًﻤﺎ ﻻ اﺷﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻓﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
 ‫‪119‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪120‬‬

‫اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﰲ ﺗﻨﻮع اﻟﻘﺮآن إﱃ ﳏﻜﻢ وﻣﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‬

‫ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ُﳏﻜًﻤﺎ ﻟﻔﺎﺗﺖ اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺧﺘﺒﺎر ﺑﻪ ﺗﺼﺪﻳًﻘﺎ وﻋﻤﻼً ﻟﻈﻬﻮر ﻣﻌﻨﺎﻩ‪ ،‬وﻋﺪم ا‪0‬ﺎل‬
‫ﻟﺘﺤﺮﻳﻔﻪ‪ ،‬واﻟﺘﻤﺴﻚ ∞ﳌﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ اﺑﺘﻐﺎء اﻟﻔﺘﻨﺔ واﺑﺘﻐﺎء ‪Û‬وﻳﻠﻪ‪ ،‬وﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﺘﺸﺎ‪ًØ‬ﺎ ﻟﻔﺎت ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﺑﻴﺎً‪ ،5‬وﻫﺪى‬
‫ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‪ ،‬وﳌﺎ أﻣﻜﻦ اﻟﻌﻤﻞ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وﺑﻨﺎء اﻟﻌﻘﻴﺪة اﻟﺴﻠﻴﻤﺔ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲝﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﺟﻌﻞ ﻣﻨﻪ آ‪ò‬ت‬
‫ﳏﻜﻤﺎت‪ ،‬ﻳﺮﺟﻊ إﻟﻴﻬﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ اﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وآﺧﺮ ﻣﺘﺸﺎ‪Ø‬ﺎت اﻣﺘﺤﺎً‪ 5‬ﻟﻠﻌﺒﺎد‪ ،‬ﻟﻴﺘﺒﲔ ﺻﺎدق اﻹﳝﺎن ﳑﻦ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ‬
‫زﻳﻎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﺻﺎدق اﻹﳝﺎن ﻳﻌﻠﻢ أن اﻟﻘﺮآن ﻛﻠﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻖ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ‬
‫ﲔ ﻳََﺪﻳِْﻪ َوﻻ ِﻣْﻦ َﺧْﻠِﻔِﻪ ﺗَـْﻨِﺰﻳٌﻞ ِﻣْﻦ َﺣِﻜﻴٍﻢ‬
‫أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﻓﻴﻪ ∞ﻃﻞ‪ ،‬أو ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺾ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻻ َ‪ْÔ‬ﺗِﻴِﻪ اﻟْﺒَﺎِﻃﻞ ِﻣْﻦ ﺑَْ ِ‬
‫ُ‬
‫ﲪﻴٍﺪ﴾ ]ﻓﺼﻠﺖ‪[٤٢ :‬‬ ‫َِ‬
‫‪ k‬ﻟََﻮَﺟُﺪوا ِﻓﻴِﻪ اْﺧﺘِﻼﻓﺎً َﻛﺜِﲑاً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪.[٨٢:‬‬ ‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ﻟَﻮ َﻛﺎَن ِﻣﻦ ِﻋْﻨِﺪ ﻏَ ِْﲑ ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫وأﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﰲ ﻗﻠﺒﻪ زﻳﻎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺘﺨﺬ ﻣﻦ اﳌﺘﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺳﺒﻴﻼً إﱃ ﲢﺮﻳﻒ اﶈﻜﻢ واﺗﺒﺎع اﳍﻮى ﰲ اﻟﺘﺸﻜﻴﻚ ﰲ اﻷﺧﺒﺎر‬
‫واﻻﺳﺘﻜﺒﺎر ﻋﻦ اﻷﺣﻜﺎم‪ ،‬وﳍﺬا ﲡﺪ ﻛﺜًﲑا ﻣﻦ اﳌﻨﺤﺮﻓﲔ ﰲ اﻟﻌﻘﺎﺋﺪ واﻷﻋﻤﺎل‪ ،‬ﳛﺘﺠﻮن ﻋﻠﻰ اﳓﺮاﻓﻬﻢ ‪Ø‬ﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻵ‪ò‬ت اﳌﺘﺸﺎ‪Ø‬ﺔ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪121‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻫﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن‬
‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن أن ﺗﺘﻘﺎﺑﻞ آﻳﺘﺎن‪ ،‬ﲝﻴﺚ ﳝﻨﻊ ﻣﺪﻟﻮل إﺣﺪاﳘﺎ ﻣﺪﻟﻮل اﻷﺧﺮى‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ أن ﺗﻜﻮن إﺣﺪاﳘﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻪ ﻟﺸﻲء واﻷﺧﺮى ‪5‬ﻓﻴﺔ ﻓﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ أن ﻳﻘﻊ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﺑﲔ آﻳﺘﲔ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﻤﺎ ﺧﱪي‪ ،‬ﻷﻧﻪ ﻳﻠﺰم ﻛﻮن إﺣﺪاﳘﺎ ﻛﺬ∞‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻴﻞ ﰲ‬
‫‪ k‬ﺣِﺪﻳﺜﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪﴿ [٨٧:‬وﻣﻦ أَﺻَﺪُق ِﻣﻦ ا ﱠِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫‪k‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ََ ْ ْ‬ ‫ﺻَﺪُق ﻣَﻦ ا ﱠ َ‬ ‫أﺧﺒﺎر ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣْﻦ أَ ْ‬
‫ِﻗﻴﻼً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [١٢٢:‬وﻻ ﳝﻜﻦ أن ﻳﻘﻊ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﺑﲔ آﻳﺘﲔ ﻣﺪﻟﻮﳍﻤﺎ ﺣﻜﻤﻲ؛ ﻷن اﻷﺧﲑة ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ ‪5‬ﺳﺨﺔ‬
‫ت ِﲞَ ٍْﲑ ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ أَْو ِﻣﺜِْﻠَﻬﺎ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٠٦:‬وإذا ﺛﺒﺖ‬‫ﻟﻸوﱃ ﻗﺎل ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ﻣﺎ ﻧَـْﻨﺴْﺦ ِﻣﻦ آﻳٍﺔ أَو ﻧُـْﻨِﺴَﻬﺎ َ‪ِ ْº‬‬
‫َ َ ْ َ ْ‬
‫اﻟﻨﺴﺦ ﻛﺎن ﺣﻜﻢ اﻷوﱃ ﻏﲑ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ وﻻ ﻣﻌﺎرض ﻟﻸﺧﲑة‪.‬‬
‫وإذا رأﻳﺖ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻮﻫﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﺤﺎول اﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﱂ ﻳﺘﺒﲔ ﻟﻚ وﺟﺐ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ‪،‬‬
‫وﺗﻜﻞ اﻷﻣﺮ إﱃ ﻋﺎﳌﻪ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ذﻛﺮ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء رﲪﻬﻢ ﷲ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻛﺜﲑة ﳌﺎ ﻳﻮﻫﻢ اﻟﺘﻌﺎرض‪ ،‬ﺑﻴﻨﻮا اﳉﻤﻊ ﰲ ذﻟﻚ‪ .‬وﻣﻦ أﲨﻊ ﻣﺎ رأﻳﺖ ﰲ‬
‫ﻫﺬا اﳌﻮﺿﻮع ﻛﺘﺎب "دﻓﻊ إﻳﻬﺎم اﻻﺿﻄﺮاب ﻋﻦ أي اﻟﻜﺘﺎب" ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ ﳏﻤﺪ اﻷﻣﲔ اﻟﺸﻨﻘﻴﻄﻲ رﲪﻪ ﷲ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﺎَن اﻟﱠِﺬي‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٢:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ‪َ﴿ :‬ﺷْﻬُﺮ َرَﻣ َ‬ ‫ﻓﻤﻦ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن‪﴿ :‬ﻫﺪ ِ ِ‬
‫ى ﻟْﻠُﻤﺘﱠﻘ َ‬
‫ُ ً‬
‫ى ﻟِﻠﻨﱠﺎس﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [١٨٥:‬ﻓﺠﻌﻞ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻷوﱃ ﺧﺎﺻﺔ ∞ﳌﺘﻘﲔ‪ ،‬وﰲ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫أُﻧِْﺰَل ﻓﻴﻪ اﻟُْﻘْﺮآُن ُﻫﺪ ً‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻠﻨﺎس‪ ،‬واﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ أن اﳍﺪاﻳﺔ ﰲ اﻷوﱃ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ واﻻﻧﺘﻔﺎع‪ ،‬واﳍﺪاﻳﺔ ﰲ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺘﺒﻴﺎن واﻹرﺷﺎد‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ َوﻟَِﻜﱠﻦ اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻳَـْﻬِﺪي َﻣْﻦ ﻳَ َ‬
‫ﺸﺎءُ﴾‬ ‫ﻚ ﻻ َ‪ِْÒ‬ﺪي َﻣْﻦ أَْﺣﺒَـْﺒ َ‬
‫وﻧﻈﲑ ﻫﺎﺗﲔ اﻵﻳﺘﲔ‪ ،‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﰲ اﻟﺮﺳﻮل ﷺ‪﴿ :‬إِﻧﱠ َ‬
‫ﺻَﺮاٍط ُﻣْﺴﺘَِﻘﻴٍﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺸﻮرى‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪ [٥٢‬ﻓﺎﻷوﱃ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻟَﺘَـْﻬِﺪي إَِﱃ ِ‬
‫]اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‪ [٥٦ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﻓﻴﻪ ﴿َوإِﻧﱠ َ‬
‫اﻟﺘﻮﻓﻴﻖ واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﺪاﻳﺔ اﻟﺘﺒﻴﲔ‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬ﺷِﻬَﺪ اﱠ‪ ُk‬أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ ُﻫَﻮ َواﻟَْﻤﻼﺋَِﻜﺔُ َوأُوﻟُﻮ اﻟِْﻌْﻠِﻢ﴾ ]آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪[١٨:‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾‬ ‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿َوَﻣﺎ ﻣْﻦ إِﻟٍَﻪ إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪] ﴾k‬آل ﻋﻤﺮان‪ [٦٢:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﻼ ﺗَْﺪ ُ‬
‫ع َﻣَﻊ اﱠ‪ k‬إَِﳍﺎً آَﺧَﺮ ﻓَـﺘَُﻜﻮَن ﻣَﻦ اﻟُْﻤَﻌﱠﺬﺑِ َ‬
‫‪ِ k‬ﻣْﻦ َﺷْﻲٍء ﻟَﱠﻤﺎ َﺟﺎَء أَْﻣُﺮ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻢ آِﳍﺘـﻬﻢ اﻟﱠِﱵ ﻳْﺪﻋُﻮَن ِﻣﻦ ُدوِن ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫]اﻟﺸﻌﺮاء‪ [٢١٣ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬ﻓََﻤﺎ أَْﻏﻨَ ْ ُ ْ َُ ُ ُ‬
‫ﺐ﴾ ]ﻫﻮد‪ [١٠١:‬ﻓﻔﻲ اﻵﻳﺘﲔ اﻷوﻟﻴﲔ ﻧﻔﻲ اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ ﻋﻤﺎ ﺳﻮى ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ وﰲ‬ ‫ﲑ ﺗَـْﺘﺒِﻴ ٍ‬ ‫َرﺑِّ َ‬
‫ﻚ َوَﻣﺎ َزاُدوُﻫْﻢ ﻏَ ْ َ‬
‫اﻷﺧﺮﻳﲔ إﺛﺒﺎت اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ‪.‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪122‬‬
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 ‫‪123‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫واﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﲔ ذﻟﻚ أن اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ اﳋﺎﺻﺔ ∞‪ $‬ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ ﻫﻲ اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ اﳊﻖ‪ ،‬وأن اﳌﺜﺒﺘﺔ ﻟﻐﲑﻩ ﻫﻲ اﻷﻟﻮﻫﻴﺔ‬
‫ﻚ ِ‪َ±‬ﱠن اﱠ‪ُ َk‬ﻫَﻮ اْﳊَﱡﻖ َوأَﱠن َﻣﺎ ﻳَْﺪﻋُﻮَن ِﻣْﻦ ُدوﻧِِﻪ ُﻫَﻮ اﻟْﺒَﺎِﻃُﻞ َوأَﱠن اﱠ‪ُ َk‬ﻫَﻮ اﻟَْﻌِﻠﱡﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺒﺎﻃﻠﺔ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬ذﻟِ َ‬
‫ﲑ﴾ ]اﳊﺞ‪.[٦٢ :‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫اﻟَْﻜﺒ ُ‬
‫ﺸﺎِء﴾ ]اﻷﻋﺮاف‪ [٢٨:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿َوإَِذا أََرْدَ‪ 5‬أَْن‬ ‫وﻣﻦ أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻗُْﻞ إِﱠن اﱠ‪ َk‬ﻻ َ‪ُْÔ‬ﻣُﺮ ِ∞ﻟَْﻔْﺤ َ‬
‫ﺴُﻘﻮا ِﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﻓََﺤﱠﻖ َﻋﻠَْﻴـَﻬﺎ اﻟَْﻘْﻮُل ﻓََﺪﱠﻣْﺮَ‪َ5‬ﻫﺎ ﺗَْﺪِﻣﲑاً﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪ [١٦ :‬ﻓﻔﻲ اﻵﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻗَـﺮﻳﺔً أَﻣﺮَ‪ 5‬ﻣ ْ ِ‬
‫ﱰﻓﻴَﻬﺎ ﻓَـَﻔ َ‬‫ُ‪ْƒ‬ﻠ َ ْ َ َ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﻷوﱃ ﻧﻔﻲ أن ‪Ô‬ﻣﺮ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ∞ﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎء‪ ،‬وﻇﺎﻫﺮ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ أن ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪Ô‬ﻣﺮ ﲟﺎ ﻫﻮ ﻓﺴﻖ‪ .‬واﳉﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﻨﻬﻤﺎ أن‬
‫اﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻷوﱃ ﻫﻮ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﺸﺮﻋﻲ‪ ،‬وﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻻ ‪Ô‬ﻣﺮ ﺷﺮًﻋﺎ ∞ﻟﻔﺤﺸﺎء ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠن اﱠ‪ُْÔَ َk‬ﻣُﺮ‬
‫ﺸﺎِء َواﻟُْﻤْﻨَﻜِﺮ َواﻟْﺒَـْﻐِﻲ ﻳَِﻌﻈُُﻜْﻢ ﻟََﻌﻠﱠُﻜْﻢ ﺗََﺬﱠﻛُﺮوَن﴾‬
‫ﺴﺎِن َوإِﻳﺘَﺎِء ِذي اﻟُْﻘْﺮَﰉ َوﻳَـ ْﻨـَﻬﻰ َﻋِﻦ اﻟَْﻔْﺤ َ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫∞ﻟَْﻌْﺪل َوا ِْﻹْﺣ َ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪ [٩٠ :‬واﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ اﻵﻳﺔ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ ﻫﻮ اﻷﻣﺮ اﻟﻜﻮﱐ‪ ،‬وﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ‪Ô‬ﻣﺮ ﻛﻮً‪ 5‬ﲟﺎ ﺷﺎء ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ‬
‫ﺣﻜﻤﺘﻪ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠﳕَﺎ أَْﻣُﺮﻩُ إَِذا أََراَد َﺷْﻴﺌﺎً أَْن ﻳَـُﻘﻮَل ﻟَﻪُ ُﻛْﻦ ﻓَـﻴَُﻜﻮُن﴾ ]ﻳﺲ‪.[٨٢ :‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ رام ز‪ò‬دة أﻣﺜﻠﺔ ﻓﻠﲑﺟﻊ إﱃ ﻛﺘﺎب اﻟﺸﻴﺦ اﻟﺸﻨﻘﻴﻄﻲ اﳌﺸﺎر إﻟﻴﻪ آﻧًﻔﺎ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪124‬‬

‫ﺴﻢ‬
‫اﻟﻘ َ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺴﻢ‪ :‬ﺑﻔﺘﺢ اﻟﻘﺎف واﻟﺴﲔ‪ ،‬اﻟﻴﻤﲔ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ‪Û :‬ﻛﻴﺪ اﻟﺸﻲء ﺑﺬﻛﺮ ُﻣَﻌﻈﱠﻢ ∞ﻟﻮاو‪ ،‬أو إﺣﺪى أﺧﻮا‪Ò‬ﺎ‪ ،‬وأدواﺗﻪ‬
‫ﺛﻼث‪:‬‬
‫ض إِﻧﱠﻪُ َﳊَّﻖ﴾ ]اﻟﺬر‪ò‬ت‪ [٢٣:‬وﳛﺬف ﻣﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫ﺴَﻤﺎِء َواْﻷَْر ِ‬ ‫اﻟﻮاو ‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَـَﻮَر ِّ‬
‫ب اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫وﺟﻮ∞‪ ،‬وﻻ ﻳﻠﻴﻬﺎ إﻻ اﺳﻢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺒﺎء ‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿ﻻ أُﻗِْﺴُﻢ ﺑِﻴَـْﻮِم اﻟِْﻘﻴَﺎَﻣِﺔ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻴﺎﻣﺔ‪ [١:‬وﳚﻮز ﻣﻌﻬﺎ ذﻛﺮ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻫﺬا‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]ص‪ [٨٢:‬وﳚﻮز أن‬ ‫اﳌﺜﺎل‪ ،‬وﳚﻮز ﺣﺬﻓﻪ ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻦ إﺑﻠﻴﺲ‪﴿ :‬ﻗَﺎَل ﻓَﺒِِﻌﱠﺰﺗ َ‬
‫ﻚ َﻷُْﻏِﻮﻳَـﻨﱠـُﻬْﻢ أَْﲨَﻌ َ‬
‫ﻳﻠﻴﻬﺎ اﺳﻢ ﻇﺎﻫﺮ ﻛﻤﺎ ﻣﺜﻠﻨﺎ‪ ،‬وأن ﻳﻠﻴﻬﺎ ﺿﻤﲑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬ﷲ رﰊ وﺑﻪ أﺣﻠﻒ ﻟﻴﻨﺼﺮن اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ k‬ﻟَﺘُْﺴﺄَﻟُﱠﻦ َﻋﱠﻤﺎ ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُْﻢ ﺗَـْﻔَﱰُوَن﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺤﻞ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪ [٥٦‬وﳛﺬف ﻣﻌﻬﺎ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ‬ ‫واﻟﺘﺎء ‪ -‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ Í﴿ :‬ﱠِ‬
‫وﺟﻮً∞‪ ،‬وﻻ ﻳﻠﻴﻬﺎ إﻻ اﺳﻢ ﷲ‪ ،‬أو رب ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬ﺗﺮب اﻟﻜﻌﺒﺔ ﻷﺣﺠﻦ إن ﺷﺎء ﷲ‪.‬‬
‫واﻷﺻﻞ ذﻛﺮ اﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻪ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻛﻤﺎ ﰲ اﳌﺜﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ‪ .‬وﻗﺪ ﳛﺬف وﺣﺪﻩ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬أﺣﻠﻒ ﻋﻠﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻟﺘﺠﺘﻬﺪن‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﳛﺬف ﻣﻊ اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻞ وﻫﻮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ُ﴿ :‬ﰒﱠ ﻟَﺘُْﺴﺄَﻟُﱠﻦ ﻳَـْﻮَﻣﺌٍِﺬ َﻋِﻦ اﻟﻨﱠِﻌﻴِﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻜﺎﺛﺮ‪[٨ :‬‬
‫واﻷﺻﻞ ذﻛﺮ اﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ ﻛﺜﲑ ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻗُْﻞ ﺑَـﻠَﻰ َوَرِّﰊ ﻟَﺘُـ ْﺒـَﻌﺜُﻦ﴾ ]اﻟﺘﻐﺎﺑﻦ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪ [٧‬وﻗﺪ‬
‫ﳛﺬف ﺟﻮاًزا ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ق َواﻟُْﻘْﺮآِن اﻟَْﻤِﺠﻴِﺪ﴾ ]ق‪ [١:‬وﺗﻘﺪﻳﺮﻩ ﻟﻴﻬﻠﻜﻦ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﳛﺬف وﺟﻮً∞ إذا ﺗﻘﺪﻣﻪ‪ ،‬أو اﻛﺘﻨﻔﻪ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻐﲏ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻪ اﺑﻦ ﻫﺸﺎم ﰲ اﳌﻐﲏ وﻣﺜﻞ ﻟﻪ ﺑﻨﺤﻮ‪ :‬زﻳﺪ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‬
‫وﷲ‪ ،‬وزﻳﺪ وﷲ ﻗﺎﺋﻢ‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﻠﻘﺴﻢ ﻓﺎﺋﺪ‪Í‬ن‪:‬‬
‫إﺣﺪاﳘﺎ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻋﻈﻤﺔ اﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﺑﻪ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬ﺑﻴﺎن أﳘﻴﺔ اﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪ ،‬وإرادة ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪﻩ‪ ،‬وﻟﺬا ﻻ ﳛﺴﻦ اﻟﻘﺴﻢ إﻻ ﰲ اﻷﺣﻮال اﻟﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ‪:‬‬
‫اﻷوﱃ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﳌﻘﺴﻢ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ذا أﳘﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻣﱰدًدا ﰲ ﺷﺄﻧﻪ‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺜﺔ‪ :‬أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻣﻨﻜًﺮا ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪125‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪126‬‬

‫اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬
‫اﻟﻘﺼﺺ واﻟﻘﺺ ﻟﻐﺔ‪ :‬ﺗﺘﺒﻊ اﻷﺛﺮ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀ ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫وﰲ اﻻﺻﻄﻼح‪ :‬اﻹﺧﺒﺎر ﻋﻦ ﻗﻀﻴﺔ ذات ﻣﺮاﺣﻞ‪ ،‬ﻳﺘﺒﻊ ﺑﻌﻀﻬﺎ ﺑﻌ ً‬
‫‪َ k‬ﺣِﺪﻳﺜﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [٨٧ :‬وذﻟﻚ‬ ‫وﻗﺼﺺ اﻟﻘﺮآن أﺻﺪق اﻟﻘﺼﺺ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬وﻣﻦ أَﺻَﺪُق ِﻣﻦ ا ﱠِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ََ ْ ْ‬
‫ﺺ ِﲟَﺎ أَْوَﺣ ْﻴـﻨَﺎ‬
‫ﺼ ِ‬
‫ﺴَﻦ اﻟَْﻘ َ‬
‫ﻚ أَْﺣ َ‬
‫ﺺ َﻋﻠَْﻴ َ‬‫ﻟﺘﻤﺎم ﻣﻄﺎﺑﻘﺘﻬﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻮاﻗﻊ وأﺣﺴﻦ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َْ ﴿ :‬ﳓُﻦ ﻧَـُﻘ ﱡ‬
‫ﻚ َﻫَﺬا اﻟُْﻘْﺮآن﴾ ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪ [٣:‬وذﻟﻚ ﻻﺷﺘﻤﺎﳍﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻋﻠﻰ درﺟﺎت اﻟﻜﻤﺎل ﰲ اﻟﺒﻼﻏﺔ وﺟﻼل اﳌﻌﲎ‪.‬‬ ‫إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬
‫ﱪةٌ ِﻷُوِﱄ اْﻷَﻟْﺒَﺎب﴾ ]ﻳﻮﺳﻒ‪ .[١١١:‬وذﻟﻚ ﻟﻘﻮة‬ ‫وأﻧﻔﻊ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻟََﻘْﺪ َﻛﺎَن ِﰲ ﻗَ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺼﺼِﻬْﻢ ﻋ ْ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫‪Û‬ﺛﲑﻫﺎ ﰲ إﺻﻼح اﻟﻘﻠﻮب واﻷﻋﻤﺎل واﻷﺧﻼق‪.‬‬
‫وﻫﻲ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻗﺴﺎم‪:‬‬
‫* ﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻦ اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء واﻟﺮﺳﻞ‪ ،‬وﻣﺎ ﺟﺮى ﳍﻢ ﻣﻊ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ‪Ø‬ﻢ واﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ‪.‬‬
‫* وﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻦ أﻓﺮاد وﻃﻮاﺋﻒ‪ ،‬ﺟﺮى ﳍﻢ ﻣﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ ﻋﱪة‪ ،‬ﻓﻨﻘﻠﺔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻨﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﺼﺔ ﻣﺮﱘ‪ ،‬وﻟﻘﻤﺎن‪ ،‬واﻟﺬي‬
‫ﻣﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻗﺮﻳﺔ وﻫﻲ ﺧﺎوﻳﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻋﺮوﺷﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وذي اﻟﻘﺮﻧﲔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎرون‪ ،‬وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪ ،‬وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻔﻴﻞ‪،‬‬
‫وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻷﺧﺪود وﻏﲑ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫* وﻗﺴﻢ ﻋﻦ ﺣﻮادث وأﻗﻮام ﰲ ﻋﻬﺪ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﺼﺔ ﻏﺰوة ﺑﺪر‪ ،‬وأﺣﺪ‪ ،‬واﻷﺣﺰاب‪ ،‬وﺑﲏ ﻗﺮﻳﻈﺔ‪ ،‬وﺑﲏ‬
‫اﻟﻨﻀﲑ‪ ،‬وزﻳﺪ ﺑﻦ ﺣﺎرﺛﺔ‪ ،‬وأﰊ ﳍﺐ‪ ،‬وﻏﲑ ذﻟﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﻠﻘﺼﺺ ﰲ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﺣﻜﻢ ﻛﺜﲑة ﻋﻈﻴﻤﺔ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﺣﻜﻤﺔ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺗﻀﻤﻨﺘﻪ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ؛ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻟََﻘْﺪ َﺟﺎَءُﻫْﻢ ِﻣَﻦ اْﻷَﻧْـﺒَﺎِء َﻣﺎ ِﻓﻴِﻪ‬
‫ُﻣْﺰَدَﺟٌﺮ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪ِ﴿ [٤:‬ﺣْﻜَﻤﺔٌ َ∞ﻟِﻐَﺔٌ ﻓََﻤﺎ ﺗُـْﻐِﻦ اﻟﻨﱡُﺬُر﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪.[٥:‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻋﺪﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﺑﻌﻘﻮﺑﺔ اﳌﻜﺬﺑﲔ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﻋﻦ اﳌﻜﺬﺑﲔ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣﺎ ﻇَﻠَْﻤﻨَﺎُﻫْﻢ َوﻟَﻜْﻦ ﻇَﻠَُﻤﻮا أَﻧْـُﻔ َ‬
‫ﺴُﻬْﻢ‬
‫‪ِ k‬ﻣْﻦ َﺷْﻲٍء ﻟَﱠﻤﺎ َﺟﺎَء أَْﻣُﺮ َرﺑِّﻚ﴾ ]ﻫﻮد‪.[١٠١:‬‬ ‫ﺖ َﻋ ْﻨـﻬﻢ آِﳍﺘـﻬﻢ اﻟﱠِﱵ ﻳْﺪﻋُﻮَن ِﻣﻦ ُدوِن ا ﱠِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ﻓََﻤﺎ أَْﻏﻨَ ْ ُ ْ َُ ُ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺴَﺤﺮ ﻧﻌﻤﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ‪ 5‬ﻛﺬﻟﻚ‬ ‫‪ -٣‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻓﻀﻠﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﲟﺜﻮﺑﺔ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إﱠﻻ آَل ﻟُﻮط َﳒﱠْﻴـﻨَﺎُﻫْﻢ ﺑ َ‬
‫ﳒﺰي ﻣﻦ ﺷﻜٍﺮ﴾ ]اﻟﻘﻤﺮ‪.[٣٥-٣٤ :‬‬
‫ب اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻠِﻬْﻢ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺔ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻋﻤﺎ أﺻﺎﺑﻪ ﻣﻦ اﳌﻜﺬﺑﲔ ﻟﻪ؛ ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬وإِْن ﻳَُﻜّﺬﺑُﻮَك ﻓَـَﻘْﺪ َﻛﱠﺬ َ‬
‫ﻒ َﻛﺎَن‬ ‫ت اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ َﻛَﻔُﺮوا ﻓََﻜْﻴ َ‬‫ب اﻟُْﻤﻨِِﲑ﴾ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‪ُ﴿ [٢٥ :‬ﰒﱠ أََﺧْﺬ ُ‬ ‫ت َوِ∞ﻟﱡﺰﺑُِﺮ َوِ∞ﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬‫ﺟﺎءْ‪ُÒ‬ﻢ رﺳﻠُُﻬﻢ ِ∞ﻟْﺒـﻴِﻨَﺎ ِ‬
‫َ َ ْ ُ ُ ْ َّ‬
‫ﻧَِﻜِﲑ﴾ ]ﻓﺎﻃﺮ‪.[٢٦ :‬‬
 ‫‪127‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪128‬‬

‫‪ -٥‬ﺗﺮﻏﻴﺐ اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ ﰲ اﻹﳝﺎن ∞ﻟﺜﺒﺎت ﻋﻠﻴﻪ واﻻزد‪ò‬د ﻣﻨﻪ‪ ،‬إذ ﻋﻠﻤﻮا ﳒﺎة اﳌﺆﻣﻨﲔ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﲔ‪ ،‬واﻧﺘﺼﺎر ﻣﻦ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫أﻣﺮوا ∞ﳉﻬﺎد‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘََﺠ ْﺒـﻨَﺎ ﻟَﻪُ َوَﳒﱠْﻴـﻨَﺎﻩُ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟْﻐَِّﻢ َوَﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻷﻧﺒﻴﺎء‪[٨٨ :‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﻧُـْﻨِﺠﻲ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬
‫ت ﻓَﺎﻧْـﺘَـَﻘْﻤﻨَﺎ ِﻣَﻦ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ أَْﺟَﺮُﻣﻮا َوَﻛﺎَن‬‫ﻚ رﺳﻼً إَِﱃ ﻗَـﻮِﻣِﻬﻢ ﻓَﺠﺎءوُﻫﻢ ِ∞ﻟْﺒـﻴِﻨَﺎ ِ‬
‫ْ ْ َ ُ ْ َّ‬
‫ِ ِ‬
‫وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪َ﴿ :‬وﻟََﻘْﺪ أَْرَﺳْﻠﻨَﺎ ﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒﻠ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﺮوم‪.[٤٧ :‬‬ ‫ﺼُﺮ اﻟُْﻤْﺆﻣﻨِ َ‬‫َﺣّﻘﺎً َﻋﻠَْﻴـﻨَﺎ ﻧَ ْ‬
‫ﻒ َﻛﺎَن‬ ‫ض ﻓَـﻴَـْﻨﻈُُﺮوا َﻛْﻴ َ‬‫‪ -٦‬ﲢﺬﻳﺮ اﻟﻜﺎﻓﺮﻳﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘﻤﺮار ﰲ ﻛﻔﺮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬أَﻓَـﻠَْﻢ ﻳَِﺴﲑُوا ِﰲ اْﻷَْر ِ‬
‫َﻋﺎِﻗﺒَﺔُ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻠِﻬْﻢ َدﱠﻣَﺮ اﱠ‪َ ُk‬ﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ َوﻟِْﻠَﻜﺎِﻓِﺮﻳَﻦ أَْﻣﺜَﺎُﳍَﺎ﴾ ]ﳏﻤﺪ‪.[١٠ :‬‬
‫ﻚ ِﻣْﻦ‬ ‫‪ -٧‬إﺛﺒﺎت رﺳﺎﻟﺔ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﻓﺈن أﺧﺒﺎر اﻷﻣﻢ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻘﺔ ﻻ ﻳﻌﻠﻤﻬﺎ إﻻ ﷲ ﻋﺰ وﺟﻞ‪ ،‬ﻟﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﺗِْﻠ َ‬
‫ﲔ﴾‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺻِ ْﱪ إِﱠن اﻟَْﻌﺎﻗﺒَﺔَ ﻟْﻠُﻤﺘﱠﻘ َ‬‫ﻚ ﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻞ َﻫَﺬا ﻓَﺎ ْ‬
‫ﺖ وﻻ ﻗَـﻮﻣ َ ِ‬
‫ﺖ ﺗَـْﻌﻠَُﻤَﻬﺎ أَﻧْ َ َ ْ ُ‬ ‫ﻚ َﻣﺎ ُﻛْﻨ َ‬‫ﺐ ﻧُﻮِﺣﻴَﻬﺎ إِﻟَْﻴ َ‬ ‫أَﻧْـﺒَﺎِء اﻟْﻐَْﻴ ِ‬
‫]ﻫﻮد‪ [٤٩ :‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪﴿ :‬أََﱂْ َ‪ْÔ‬ﺗُِﻜْﻢ ﻧَـﺒَﺄُ اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﻗَـْﺒِﻠُﻜْﻢ ﻗَـْﻮِم ﻧُﻮٍح َوَﻋﺎٍد َوَﲦُﻮَد َواﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ ِﻣْﻦ ﺑَـْﻌِﺪِﻫْﻢ ﻻ ﻳَـْﻌﻠَُﻤُﻬْﻢ‬
‫إِﱠﻻ اﱠ‪] ﴾ُk‬إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‪ :‬اﻵﻳﺔ ‪.[٩‬‬
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 ‫‪129‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺗﻜﺮار اﻟﻘﺼﺺ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ اﻟﻘﺮآﻧﻴﺔ ﻣﺎ ﻻ ‪Ô‬ﰐ إﻻ ﻣﺮة واﺣﺪة‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ ﻗﺼﺔ ﻟﻘﻤﺎن‪ ،‬وأﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻜﻬﻒ‪ ،‬وﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺎ ‪Ô‬ﰐ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻜﺮًرا ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﺗﺪﻋﻮ إﻟﻴﻪ اﳊﺎﺟﺔ‪ ،‬وﺗﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﳌﺼﻠﺤﺔ‪ ،‬وﻻ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻫﺬا اﳌﺘﻜﺮر ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ واﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻞ‬
‫ﳜﺘﻠﻒ ﰲ اﻟﻄﻮل واﻟﻘﺼﺮ واﻟﻠﲔ واﻟﺸﺪة وذﻛﺮ ﺑﻌﺾ ﺟﻮاﻧﺐ اﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ دون آﺧﺮ‪.‬‬
‫وﻣﻦ اﳊﻜﻤﺔ ﰲ ﻫﺬا اﻟﺘﻜﺮار؟‬
‫‪ -١‬ﺑﻴﺎن أﳘﻴﺔ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻷن ﺗﻜﺮارﻫﺎ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻌﻨﺎﻳﺔ ‪Ø‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺗﻮﻛﻴﺪ ﺗﻠﻚ اﻟﻘﺼﺔ ﻟﺘﺜﺒﺖ ﰲ ﻗﻠﻮب اﻟﻨﺎس‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻣﺮاﻋﺎة اﻟﺰﻣﻦ وﺣﺎل اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺒﲔ ‪Ø‬ﺎ‪ ،‬وﳍﺬا ﲡﺪ اﻹﳚﺎز واﻟﺸﺪة ﻏﺎﻟﺒﺎ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﺗﻰ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻮر‬
‫اﳌﻜﻴﺔ واﻟﻌﻜﺲ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ أﺗﻰ ﰲ اﻟﺴﻮر اﳌﺪﻧﻴﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٤‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﺑﻼﻏﺔ اﻟﻘﺮآن ﰲ ﻇﻬﻮر ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻫﺬا اﻟﻮﺟﻪ وذاك اﻟﻮﺟﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺎ ﺗﻘﻀﻴﻪ اﳊﺎل‬
‫‪ -٥‬ﻇﻬﻮر ﺻﺪق اﻟﻘﺮآن‪ ،‬وأﻧﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ ،‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪Û‬ﰐ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻘﺼﺺ ﻣﺘﻨﻮﻋﺔ ﺑﺪو ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺺ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪130‬‬

‫اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻠﻴﺎت‬
‫اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻠﻴﺎت‪ :‬اﻷﺧﺒﺎر اﳌﻨﻘﻮﻟﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺑﲏ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد وﻫﻮ اﻷﻛﺜﺮ‪ ،‬أو ﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﺼﺎرى‪ .‬وﺗﻨﻘﺴﻢ ﻫﺬﻩ‬
‫اﻷﺧﺒﺎر إﱃ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻧﻮاع‪:‬‬
‫اﻷوﱃ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ أﻗﺮﻩ اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬وﺷﻬﺪ ﺑﺼﺪﻩ ﻓﻬﻮ ﺣﻖ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري وﻏﲑﻩ ﻋﻦ اﺑﻦ ﻣﺴﻌﻮد رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﺟﺎء ﺣﱪ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺣﺒﺎر إﱃ رﺳﻮل ﷲ‬
‫ﷺ ﻓﻘﺎل‪ ò :‬ﳏﻤﺪ‪ ،‬إ‪ 5‬ﳒﺪ أن ﷲ ﳚﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﻤﺎوات ﻋﻠﻰ إﺻﺒﻊ‪ ،‬وﺳﺎﺋﺮ اﳋﻼﺋﻖ ﻋﻠﻰ إﺻﺒﻊ ﻓﻴﻘﻮل‪ :‬أ‪5‬‬
‫اﳌﻠﻚ‪ ،‬ﻓﻀﺤﻚ اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ ﺣﱴ ﺑﺪت ﻧﻮاﺟﺬﻩ ﺗﺼﺪﻳًﻘﺎ ﻟﻘﻮل اﳊﱪ‪ ،‬ﰒ ﻗﺮأ رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪َ﴿ :‬وَﻣﺎ ﻗََﺪُروا اﱠ‪َk‬‬
‫ت ﺑِﻴَِﻤﻴﻨِِﻪ ُﺳْﺒَﺤﺎﻧَﻪُ َوﺗَـَﻌﺎَﱃ َﻋﱠﻤﺎ ﻳُْﺸِﺮُﻛﻮَن﴾‬ ‫ﻀﺘُﻪُ ﻳَـْﻮَم اﻟِْﻘﻴَﺎَﻣِﺔ َواﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ض َِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ت َﻣﻄِْﻮﱠ‪ٌ ò‬‬
‫ﺴَﻤﺎَوا ُ‬ ‫ﲨﻴﻌﺎً ﻗَـْﺒ َ‬ ‫َﺣﱠﻖ ﻗَْﺪِرﻩ َواْﻷَْر ُ‬
‫]اﻟﺰﻣﺮ‪[٦٧ :‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ أﻧﻜﺮﻩ اﻹﺳﻼم وﺷﻬﺪ ﺑﻜﺬﺑﻪ ﻓﻬﻮ ∞ﻃﻞ ﻣﺜﺎﻟﻪ ﻣﺎ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ ﻗﺎل‪:‬‬
‫ِ‬
‫ث ﻟَُﻜْﻢ ﻓَﺄْﺗُﻮا َﺣْﺮﺛَُﻜْﻢ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧﺖ اﻟﻴﻬﻮد ﺗﻘﻮل إذا ﺟﺎﻣﻌﻬﺎ ﻣﻦ وراﺋﻬﺎ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎء اﻟﻮﻟﺪ أﺣﻮل؛ ﻓﻨﺰﻟﺖ‪﴿ :‬ﻧ َ‬
‫ﺴﺎُؤُﻛْﻢ َﺣْﺮ ٌ‬
‫أَﱠﱏ ِﺷ ْﺌـﺘُْﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪.[٢٢٣:‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﱂ ﻳﻘﺮﻩ اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬وﱂ ﻳﻨﻜﺮﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﻴﺠﺐ اﻟﺘﻮﻗﻒ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬ﳌﺎ رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ أﰊ ﻫﺮﻳﺮة رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻪ‬
‫ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻛﺎن أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻳﻘﺮؤون اﻟﺘﻮراة ∞ﻟﻌﱪاﻧﻴﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳﻔﺴﺮو‪ƒ‬ﺎ ∞ﻟﻌﺮﺑﻴﺔ ﻷﻫﻞ اﻹﺳﻼم‪ ،‬ﻓﻘﺎل رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪:‬‬
‫ﻻ ﺗﺼﺪﻗﻮا أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب وﻻ ﺗﻜﺬﺑﻮﻫﻢ‪،‬‬
‫وﻗﻮﻟﻮا‪﴿ :‬آَﻣﻨﱠﺎ ِ∞ﻟﱠِﺬي أُﻧِْﺰَل إِﻟَْﻴـﻨَﺎ َوأُﻧِْﺰَل إِﻟَْﻴُﻜْﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﻌﻨﻜﺒﻮت‪ [٤٦:‬اﻵﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﻟﻜﻦ اﻟﺘﺤﺪث ‪Ø‬ﺬا اﻟﻨﻮع ﺟﺎﺋﺰ‪،‬‬
‫إذا ﱂ ﳜﺶ ﳏﺬور؛ ﻟﻘﻮل اﻟﻨﱯ ﷺ‪" :‬ﺑﻠﻐﻮا ﻋﲏ وﻟﻮ آﻳﺔ‪ ،‬وﺣﺪﺛﻮا ﻋﻦ ﺑﲏ إﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ وﻻ ﺣﺮج‪ ،‬وﻣﻦ ﻛﺬب‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺘﻌﻤﺪا ﻓﻠﻴﺘﺒﻮأ ﻣﻘﻌﺪﻩ م اﻟﻨﺎر" رواﻩ اﻟﺒﺨﺎري‪.‬‬
‫وﻏﺎﻟﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺮوى ﻋﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ذﻟﻚ ﻟﻴﺲ ﺑﺬي ﻓﺎﺋﺪة ﰲ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺘﻌﻴﲔ ﻟﻮن ﻛﻠﺐ أﺻﺤﺎب اﻟﻜﻬﻒ وﳓﻮﻩ‪.‬‬
‫وأﻣﺎ ﺳﺆال أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء ﻣﻦ أﻣﻮر اﻟﺪﻳﻦ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻪ ﺣﺮام ﳌﺎ رواﻩ اﻹﻣﺎم أﲪﺪ ﻋﻦ ﺟﺎﺑﺮ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ‬
‫رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ ﻗﺎل‪ :‬ﻗﺎل رﺳﻮل ﷲ ﷺ‪" :‬ﻻ ﺗﺴﺄﻟﻮا أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء؛ ﻓﺈ‪ƒ‬ﻢ ﻟﻦ ﻳﻬﺪوﻛﻢ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ‬
‫ﺿﻠﻮا‪ ،‬ﻓﺈﻧﻜﻢ إﻣﺎ أن ﺗﺼﺪﻗﻮا ﺑﺒﺎﻃﻞ‪ ،‬أو ﺗﻜﺬﺑﻮا ﲝﻖ‪ ،‬وإﻧﻪ ﻟﻮ ﻛﺎن ﻣﻮﺳﻰ ﺣﻴﺎ ﺑﲔ أﻇﻬﺮﻛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺣﻞ ﻟﻪ إﻻ‬
‫أن ﻳﺘﺒﻌﲏ"‪.‬‬
‫وروى اﻟﺒﺨﺎري ﻋﻦ ﻋﺒﺪ ﷲ ﺑﻦ ﻋﺒﺎس رﺿﻲ ﷲ ﻋﻨﻬﻤﺎ أﻧﻪ ﻗﺎل‪ ò :‬ﻣﻌﺸﺮ اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ ﻛﻴﻒ ﺗﺴﺄﻟﻮن أﻫﻞ‬
‫ﻀﺎ‪ ،‬ﱂ ﻳﺸﺐ‪ ،‬وﻗﺪ‬
‫اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻋﻦ ﺷﻲء‪ ،‬وﻛﺘﺎﺑﻜﻢ اﻟﺬي أﻧﺰل ﷲ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻜﻢ ﷺ أﺣﺪث اﻷﺧﺒﺎر ∞‪ $‬ﳏ ً‬
‫ﺣﺪﺛﻜﻢ أن أﻫﻞ اﻟﻜﺘﺎب ﻗﺪ ﺑﺪﻟﻮا ﻣﻦ ﻛﺘﺎب ﷲ‪ ،‬وﻏﲑوا‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺘﺒﻮا ‪±‬ﻳﺪﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﻟﻮا‪ :‬ﻫﻮ ﻣﻦ ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ؛ ﻟﻴﺸﱰوا‬
 ‫‪131‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺑﺬﻟﻚ ﲦﻨًﺎ ﻗﻠﻴﻼً أو ﻻ ﻳﻨﻬﺎﻛﻢ ﻣﺎ ﺟﺎءﻛﻢ ﻣﻦ اﻟﻌﻠﻢ ﻋﻦ ﻣﺴﺄﻟﺘﻬﻢ؟ ﻓﻼ وﷲ رأﻳﻨﺎ رﺟﻼً ﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻳﺴﺄﻟﻜﻢ ﻋﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺬي أﻧﺰل إﻟﻴﻜﻢ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪132‬‬

‫ﻣﻮﻗﻒ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء ﻣﻦ اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻠﻴﺎت‬

‫اﺧﺘﻠﻔﺖ ﻣﻮاﻓﻖ اﻟﻌﻠﻤﺎء‪ ،‬وﻻ ﺳﻴﻤﺎ اﳌﻔﺴﺮون ﻣﻦ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻹﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻠﻴﺎت ﻋﻠﻰ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﳓﺎء‪:‬‬
‫أ‪ -‬ﻓﻤﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﻘﺮوﻧﺔ ‪±‬ﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ورأي أﻧﻪ ﺑﺬﻛﺮ أﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪﻫﺎ ﺧﺮج ﻣﻦ ﻋﻬﺪ‪Ò‬ﺎ‪ ،‬ﻣﺜﻞ اﺑﻦ ﺟﺮﻳﺮ‬
‫اﻟﻄﱪي‪.‬‬
‫ب‪ -‬وﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ أﻛﺜﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺟﺮدﻫﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻷﺳﺎﻧﻴﺪ ﻏﺎﻟﺒًﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﻜﺎن ﺣﺎﻃﺐ ﻟﻴﻞ ﻣﺜﻞ اﻟﺒﻐﻮي اﻟﺬي ﻗﺎل ﺷﻴﺦ‬
‫اﻹﺳﻼم اﺑﻦ ﺗﻴﻤﻴﺔ ﻋﻦ ﺗﻔﺴﲑﻩ‪ :‬إﻧﻪ ﳐﺘﺼﺮ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺜﻌﻠﱯ‪ ،‬ﻟﻜﻨﻪ ﺻﺎﻧﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻷﺣﺎدﻳﺚ اﳌﻮﺿﻮﻋﻴﺔ واﻵراء‬
‫اﳌﺒﺘﺪﻋﺔ‪ ،‬وﻗﺎل ﻋﻦ اﻟﺜﻌﻠﱯ‪ :‬إﻧﻪ ﺣﺎﻃﺐ ﻟﻴﻞ ﻳﻨﻘﻞ ﻣﺎ وﺟﺪ ﰲ ﻛﺘﺐ اﻟﺘﻔﺴﲑ ﻣﻦ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ وﺿﻌﻴﻒ وﻣﻮﺿﻮع‪.‬‬
‫ج‪ -‬وﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ذﻛﺮ ﻛﺜًﲑا ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪ ،‬وﺗﻌﻘﺐ اﻟﺒﻌﺾ ﳑﺎ ذﻛﺮﻩ ∞ﻟﺘﻀﻌﻴﻒ أو اﻹﻧﻜﺎر ﻣﺜﻞ اﺑﻦ ﻛﺜﲑ‪.‬‬
‫د‪ -‬وﻣﻨﻬﻢ ﻣﻦ ∞ﻟﻎ ﰲ ردﻫﺎ وﱂ ﻳﺬﻛﺮ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ ﺷﻴﺌﺎ ﳚﻌﻠﻪ ﺗﻔﺴﲑا ﻟﻠﻘﺮآن ﻛﻤﺤﻤﺪ رﺷﻴﺪ رﺿﺎ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪133‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻤﲑ‬
‫اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻟﻐﺔ‪ :‬ﻣﻦ اﻟﻀﻤﻮر وﻫﻮ اﳍﺰال ﻟﻘﻠﺔ ﺣﺮوﻓﻪ أو ﻣﻦ اﻹﺿﻤﺎر وﻫﻮ اﻹﺧﻔﺎء ﻟﻜﺜﺮة اﺳﺘﺘﺎرﻩ‪.‬‬
‫وﰲ اﻻﺻﻄﻼح‪ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻛﲏ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻦ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ اﺧﺘﺼﺎًرا وﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ دل ﻋﻠﻰ ﺣﻀﻮر‪ ،‬أو ﻏﻴﺒﺔ ﻻ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎد‪Ò‬ﻤﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﻓﺎﻟﺪال ﻋﻠﻰ اﳊﻀﻮر ﻧﻮﻋﺎن‪:‬‬
‫ض أَْﻣِﺮي إَِﱃ اﱠ‪] ﴾k‬ﻏﺎﻓﺮ‪.[٤٤:‬‬ ‫أﺣﺪﳘﺎ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬وأُﻓَـ ِّﻮ ُ‬
‫ط اﻟﱠِﺬﻳَﻦ أَﻧْـَﻌْﻤ َ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬْﻢ﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪.[٧:‬‬ ‫ﺻَﺮا َ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﺎﱐ‪ :‬ﻣﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻤﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻣﺜﻞ‪ِ ﴿ :‬‬
‫وﻫﺬان ﻻ ﳛﺘﺎﺟﺎن إﱃ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ اﻛﺘﻔﺎء ﺑﺪﻻﻟﻪ اﳊﻀﻮر ﻋﻨﻪ‪ .‬واﻟﺪال ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎ وﺿﻊ ﻟﻠﻐﺎﺋﺐ‪ .‬وﻻﺑﺪ‬
‫ﻟﻪ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺮﺟﻊ ﻳﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫واﻷﺻﻞ ﰲ اﳌﺮﺟﻊ أن ﻳﻜﻮن ﺳﺎﺑًﻘﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻟﻔﻈًﺎ ورﺗﺒﻪ ﻣﻄﺎﺑًﻘﺎ ﻟﻪ ﻟﻔﻈًﺎ وﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬وَ‪َ5‬دى ﻧُﻮ ٌ‬
‫ح‬
‫َرﺑﱠﻪُ﴾ ]ﻫﻮد‪.[٤٥:‬‬
‫ب ﻟِﻠﺘﱠـْﻘَﻮى﴾ ]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪.[٨:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻔﻬﻮًﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ ﻣﺎدة اﻟﻔﻌﻞ اﻟﺴﺎﺑﻖ ﻣﺜﻞ‪﴿ :‬اْﻋﺪﻟُﻮا ُﻫَﻮ أَﻗْـَﺮ ُ‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ ﻟﻔﻈًﺎ ﻻ رﺗﺒﺔ ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬وإِِذ اﺑْـﺘَـﻠَﻰ إِﺑْـَﺮاِﻫﻴَﻢ رﺑُﻪ﴾ ]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪[١٢٤:‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﺴﺒﻖ رﺗﺒﺔ ﻻ ﻟﻔﻈًﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ‪" :‬ﲪﻞ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﻪ اﻟﻄﺎﻟﺐ"‪.‬‬
‫س ِﳑﱠﺎ ﺗَـَﺮَك إِْن َﻛﺎَن ﻟَﻪُ َوﻟَﺪ﴾‬ ‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﻜﻮن ﻣﻔﻬﻮًﻣﺎ ﻣﻦ اﻟﺴﻴﺎق ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬وِﻷَﺑَـَﻮﻳِْﻪ ﻟُِﻜِّﻞ َواِﺣٍﺪ ِﻣ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ اﻟ ﱡ‬
‫ﺴُﺪ ُ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﺴﺎء‪ [١١:‬ﻓﺎﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻳﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻴﺖ اﳌﻔﻬﻮم ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪) :‬ﳑﺎ ﺗﺮك(‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻻ ﻳﻄﺎﺑﻖ اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻣﻌﲎ ﻣﺜﻞ‪﴿ :‬وﻟﻘﺪ ﺧﻠﻘﻨﺎ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ﻣﻦ ﺳﻼﻟﺔ ﻣﻦ ﻃﲔ )‪ (١٢‬ﰒ ﺟﻌﻠﻨﺎﻩ ﻧﻄﻔﺔ﴾‬
‫]اﳌﺆﻣﻨﻮن ‪ [١٣-١٢‬ﻓﺎﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻳﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن ∞ﻋﺘﺒﺎر اﻟﻠﻔﻆ؛ ﻷن ا‪0‬ﻌﻮل ﻧﻄﻔﺔ ﻟﻴﺲ اﻹﻧﺴﺎن اﻷول‪.‬‬
‫وإذا ﻛﺎن اﳌﺮﺟﻊ ﺻﺎﳊﺎ ﻟﻠﻤﻔﺮد واﳉﻤﻊ ﺟﺎز ﻋﻮد اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻋﻠﻴﻪ ‪±‬ﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ‪﴿ :‬وﻣﻦ ﻳـْﺆِﻣﻦ ِ∞ ﱠِ‬
‫‪َ k‬وﻳَـْﻌَﻤْﻞ‬ ‫ََ ْ ُ ْ‬ ‫ً‬
‫ﺴَﻦ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻟَﻪُ ِرْزﻗﺎً﴾ ]اﻟﻄﻼق‪.[١١:‬‬ ‫ِِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺻﺎﳊﺎً ﻳُْﺪﺧْﻠﻪُ َﺟﻨﱠﺎت َﲡِْﺮي ﻣْﻦ َﲢْﺘَﻬﺎ اْﻷَْ‪َƒ‬ﺎُر َﺧﺎﻟﺪﻳَﻦ ﻓﻴَﻬﺎ أَﺑَﺪاً ﻗَْﺪ أَْﺣ َ‬
‫َ‬
‫واﻷﺻﻞ اﲢﺎد ﻣﺮﺟﻊ اﻟﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ إذا ﺗﻌﺪدت ﻣﺜﻞ‪َ﴿ :‬ﻋﻠﱠَﻤﻪُ َﺷِﺪﻳُﺪ اﻟُْﻘَﻮى )‪ (٥‬ذُو ِﻣﱠﺮةٍ ﻓَﺎْﺳﺘَـَﻮى )‪ (٦‬وﻫﻮ‬
‫ﲔ أَْو أَْدَﱏ )‪ (٩‬ﻓَﺄَْوَﺣﻰ إَِﱃ َﻋْﺒِﺪﻩِ َﻣﺎ أَْوَﺣﻰ﴾‬ ‫∞ﻷﻓﻖ اﻷﻋﻠﻰ )‪ُ (٧‬ﰒﱠ َدَ‪ 5‬ﻓَـﺘََﺪﱠﱃ )‪ (٨‬ﻓََﻜﺎَن ﻗَﺎ َ‬
‫ب ﻗَـْﻮَﺳ ْ ِ‬
‫]اﻟﻨﺠﻢ‪ [١٠-٥ :‬ﻓﻀﻤﺎﺋﺮ اﻟﺮﻓﻊ ﰲ ﻫﺬﻩ اﻵ‪ò‬ت ﺗﻌﻮد إﱃ ﺷﺪﻳﺪ اﻟﻘﻮى وﻫﻮ ﺟﱪﻳﻞ‪.‬‬
‫واﻷﺻﻞ ﻋﻮد اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻋﻠﻰ أﻗﺮب ﻣﺬﻛﻮر إﻻ ﰲ اﳌﺘﻀﺎﻳﻔﲔ ﻓﻴﻌﻮد ﻋﻠﻰ اﳌﻀﺎف؛ ﻷﻧﻪ اﳌﺘﺤﺪث ﻋﻨﻪ ﻣﺜﺎل‬
‫ى ﻟِﺒَِﲏ إِْﺳﺮاﺋﻴﻞ﴾ ]اﻹﺳﺮاء‪.[٢:‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫أول‪َ﴿ :‬وآﺗَـ ْﻴـﻨَﺎ ُﻣﻮَﺳﻰ اﻟْﻜﺘَﺎ َ‬
‫ب َوَﺟَﻌْﻠﻨَﺎﻩُ ُﻫﺪ ً‬
‫ﺼﻮَﻫﺎ﴾ ]إﺑﺮاﻫﻴﻢ‪.[٣٤:‬‬ ‫وﻣﺜﺎل اﻟﺜﺎﱐ ﴿وإِْن ﺗَـﻌﱡﺪوا ﻧِﻌﻤ َ ِ‬
‫ﺖ اﱠ‪ k‬ﻻ ُﲢْ ُ‬ ‫َ ُ َْ‬
‫وﻗﺪ ‪Ô‬ﰐ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺧﻼف اﻷﺻﻞ ﻓﻴﻤﺎ ﺳﺒﻖ ﺑﺪﻟﻴﻞ ﻳﺪل ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪134‬‬
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 ‫‪135‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﻹﻇﻬﺎر ﰲ ﻣﻮﻗﻊ اﻹﺿﻤﺎر‬
‫اﻷﺻﻞ أن ﻳﺆﺗﻰ ﰲ ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ∞ﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻷﻧﻪ أﺑﲔ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﲎ وأﺧﺼﺮ ﻟﻠﻔﻆ‪ ،‬وﳍﺬا ‪5‬ب اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿أﻋﺪ ﷲ ﳍﻢ ﻣﻐﻔﺮة وأﺟﺮا ﻋﻈﻴًﻤﺎ﴾ ]اﻷﺣﺰاب ‪ [١٣٥‬ﻋﻦ ﻋﺸﺮﻳﻦ ﻛﻠﻤﺔ اﳌﺬﻛﻮرة ﻗﺒﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ورﲟﺎ ﻳﺆﺗﻰ‬
‫ﻣﻜﺎن اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ∞ﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ وﻫﻮ ﻣﺎ ﻳﺴﻤﻰ )اﻹﻇﻬﺎر ﰲ ﻣﻮﺿﻊ اﻹﺿﻤﺎر( وﻟﻪ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﻛﺜﲑة‪ ،‬ﺗﻈﻬﺮ ﲝﺴﺐ‬
‫اﻟﺴﻴﺎق ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اﳊﻜﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﻪ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﺑﻴﺎن ﻋﻠﺔ اﳊﻜﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬ﻋﻤﻮم اﳊﻜﻢ ﻟﻜﻞ ﻣﺘﺼﻒ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ اﻻﺳﻢ اﻟﻈﺎﻫﺮ‪.‬‬
‫‪َ k‬وَﻣﻼﺋَِﻜﺘِِﻪ َوُرُﺳِﻠِﻪ َوِﺟ ِْﱪﻳَﻞ َوِﻣﻴَﻜﺎَل ﻓَِﺈﱠن اﱠ‪َ َk‬ﻋُﺪﱞو ﻟِْﻠَﻜﺎِﻓِﺮﻳَﻦ﴾‬
‫ﻣﺜﺎل ذﻟﻚ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﻣﻦ َﻛﺎَن َﻋُﺪواً ِﱠِ‬
‫ّ‬
‫]اﻟﺒﻘﺮة‪ [٩٨ :‬وﱂ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻓﺈن ﷲ ﻋﺪو ﻟﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻓﺎد ﻫﺬا اﻹﻇﻬﺎر‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اﳊﻜﻢ ∞ﻟﻜﻔﺮ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻣﻦ ﻛﺎن ﻋﺪًوا ‪ $‬وﻣﻼﺋﻜﺘﻪ ورﺳﻠﻪ وﺟﱪﻳﻞ وﻣﻴﻜﺎﺋﻴﻞ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬إن ﷲ ﻋﺪو ﳍﻢ ﺑﻜﻔﺮﻫﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬أن ﻛﻞ ﻛﺎﻓﺮ ﻓﺎ‪ $‬ﻋﺪو ﻟﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻀﻴﻊ أَﺟﺮ اﻟْﻤ ِ ِ‬ ‫ﺴُﻜﻮَن ِ∞ﻟِْﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﱠِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾‬
‫ﺼﻠﺤ َ‬‫ﺼﻼةَ إِﱠ‪ 5‬ﻻ ﻧُ ِ ُ ْ َ ُ ْ‬
‫ب َوأَﻗَﺎُﻣﻮا اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻣﺜﺎل آﺧﺮ‪ :‬ﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪َ﴿ :‬واﻟﺬﻳَﻦ ُﳝَ ّ‬
‫]اﻷﻋﺮاف‪ [١٧٠ :‬وﱂ ﻳﻘﻞ إ‪ 5‬ﻻ ﻧﻀﻴﻊ أﺟﺮﻫﻢ‪ ،‬ﻓﺄﻓﺎد ﺛﻼﺛﺔ أﻣﻮر‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬اﳊﻜﻢ ∞ﻹﺻﻼح ﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ ﳝﺴﻜﻮن اﻟﻜﺘﺎب وﻳﻘﻴﻤﻮن اﻟﺼﻼة‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬أن ﷲ آﺟﺮﻫﻢ ﻹﺻﻼﺣﻬﻢ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬أن ﻛﻞ ﻣﺼﻠﺢ وﻟﻪ أﺟﺮ ﻏﲑ ﻣﻀﺎع ﻋﻨﺪ ﷲ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪.‬‬
‫وﻗﺪ ﻳﺘﻌﲔ اﻹﻇﻬﺎر‪ ،‬ﻛﻤﺎ ﻟﻮ ﺗﻘﺪم اﻟﻀﻤﲑ ﻣﺮﺟﻌﺎن‪ ،‬ﻳﺼﻠﺢ ﻋﻮدﻩ إﱃ ﻛﻞ ﻣﻨﻬﻤﺎ واﳌﺮاد أﺣﺪﳘﺎ ﻣﺜﻞ‪ :‬اﻟﻠﻬﻢ‬
‫أﺻﻠﺢ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﻠﻤﲔ وﻻة أﻣﻮرﻫﻢ وﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ وﻻة أﻣﻮرﻫﻢ‪ ،‬إذ ﻟﻮ ﻗﻴﻞ‪ :‬وﺑﻄﺎﻧﺘﻬﻢ‪ ،‬ﻷوﻫﻢ أن ﻳﻜﻮن اﳌﺮاد ﺑﻄﺎﻧﺔ‬
‫اﳌﺴﻠﻤﲔ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪136‬‬

‫ﺿﻤﲑ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‬
‫ﺿﻤﲑ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ :‬ﺣﺮف ﺑﺼﻴﻐﺔ ﺿﻤﲑ اﻟﺮﻓﻊ اﳌﻨﻔﺼﻞ ﻳﻘﻊ ﺑﲔ اﳌﺒﺘﺪأ واﳋﱪ إذا ﻛﺎ‪ 5‬ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺘﲔ‬
‫وﻳﻜﻮن ﺑﻀﻤﲑ اﳌﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﻧﱠِﲏ أََ‪ 5‬اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻻ إِﻟَﻪَ إِﱠﻻ أََ‪] ﴾5‬ﻃﻪ‪ [١٤:‬وﻗﻮﻟﻪ ﴿َوإِﱠ‪ 5‬ﻟَﻨَْﺤُﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺼﺎﻓﱡﻮَن﴾‬
‫ﺐ َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻬﻢ﴾]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪[١١٧ :‬‬ ‫ﺖ أَﻧْ َ ِ‬ ‫]اﻟﺼﺎﻓﺎت‪ [١٦٥ :‬وﺑﻀﻤﲑ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪ُ﴿ :‬ﻛْﻨ َ‬
‫ﺖ اﻟﱠﺮﻗﻴ َ‬
‫وﺑﻀﻤﲑ اﻟﻐﺎﺋﺐ ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬وأوﻟﺌﻚ ﻫﻢ اﳌﻔﻠﺤﻮن﴾ وﻟﻪ ﺛﻼﺛﺔ ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ‪:‬‬
‫اﻷوﱃ‪ :‬اﻟﺘﻮﻛﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬زﻳﺪ ﻫﻮ أﺧﻮك أوﻛﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬زﻳﺪ أﺧﻮك‪.‬‬
‫اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻴﺔ‪ :‬اﳊﺼﺮ‪ ،‬وﻫﻮ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ﻣﺎ ﻗﺒﻠﻪ ﲟﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻗﻮﻟﻚ ا‪0‬ﺘﻬﺪ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻨﺎﺟﺢ ﻳﻔﻴﺪ اﺧﺘﺼﺎص ا‪0‬ﺘﻬﺪ‬
‫∞ﻟﻨﺠﺎح‪.‬‬
‫√ﻟﺜًﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪ :‬أي اﻟﺘﻤﻴﻴﺰ ﺑﲔ ﻛﻮﻧﻪ ﻣﺎ ﺑﻌﺪﻩ ﺧًﱪا‪ ،‬أو ‪Í‬ﺑًﻌﺎ‪ ،‬ﻓﺈن ﻗﻮﻟﻚ‪ :‬زﻳﺪ اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﳛﺘﻤﻞ أن ﺗﻜﻮن‬
‫اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺻﻔﺔ ﻟﺰﻳﺪ‪ ،‬واﳋﱪ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ‪ ،‬وﳛﺘﻤﻞ أن ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺧًﱪا‪ ،‬وإذا ﻗﻠﺖ‪ :‬زﻳﺪ ﻫﻮ اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ‪ ،‬ﺗﻌﲔ أن‬
‫ﺗﻜﻮن اﻟﻔﺎﺿﻞ ﺧًﱪا‪ ،‬ﻟﻮﺟﻮد ﺿﻤﲑ اﻟﻔﺼﻞ‪.‬‬
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 ‫‪137‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت‬
‫اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت‪ :‬ﲢﻮﻳﻞ أﺳﻠﻮب اﻟﻜﻼم ﻣﻦ وﺟﻪ إﱃ آﺧﺮ‪ ،‬وﻟﻪ ﺻﻮر ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫ﲔ )‪ (٢‬اﻟﱠﺮْﲪَِﻦ اﻟﱠﺮِﺣﻴِﻢ )‪(٣‬‬ ‫ب اﻟَْﻌﺎﻟَِﻤ َ‬
‫ِِ‬
‫‪ -١‬اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ إﱃ اﳋﻄﺎب ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬اْﳊَْﻤُﺪ ﱠ‪َ k‬ر ِّ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﻣﺎﻟِ ِ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ﴾ ]اﻟﻔﺎﲢﺔ‪ [٥-٢:‬ﻓﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﻼم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ إﱃ اﳋﻄﺎب‬ ‫ﻚ ﻳَـْﻮم اﻟّﺪﻳِﻦ )‪ (٤‬إِﱠ‪َò‬ك ﻧَـْﻌﺒُُﺪ َوإِﱠ‪َò‬ك ﻧَْﺴﺘَﻌ ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬إ‪ò‬ك‪.‬‬
‫ﻚ َوَﺟَﺮﻳَْﻦ ِ‪ِْØ‬ﻢ﴾ ]ﻳﻮﻧﺲ‪[٢٢:‬‬ ‫‪ -٢‬اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﻣﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب إﱃ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ‪ :‬ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬ﺣﱠﱴ إَِذا ُﻛ ْﻨـﺘُﻢ ِﰲ اﻟُْﻔْﻠ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻓﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﻼم ﻣﻦ اﳋﻄﺎب إﱃ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ وﺟﺮﻳﻨﺎ ‪Ø‬ﻢ‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫‪ -٣‬اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ إﱃ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ ﴿َوﻟََﻘْﺪ أََﺧَﺬ اﱠ‪ ُk‬ﻣﻴﺜَﺎَق ﺑَِﲏ إْﺳﺮاﺋﻴَﻞ َوﺑَـَﻌﺜْـﻨَﺎ ﻣ ْﻨـُﻬُﻢ اﺛْ َ ْ‬
‫ﲏ‬
‫ﺸَﺮ ﻧَِﻘﻴﺒًﺎ﴾ ]اﳌﺎﺋﺪة‪ [١٢:‬ﻓﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﻼم ﻣﻦ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ إﱃ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ ﰲ ﻗﻮﻟﻪ وﺑﻌﺜﻨﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫َﻋ َ‬
‫ﻚ﴾ ﻓﺤﻮل اﻟﻜﻼم‬ ‫ﺼ ِﻞّ ﻟَِﺮﺑِّ َ‬
‫‪ -٤‬اﻻﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ إﱃ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ‪ ،‬ﻛﻘﻮﻟﻪ ﺗﻌﺎﱃ‪﴿ :‬إِﱠ‪ 5‬أَْﻋﻄَْﻴـﻨَﺎَك اﻟَْﻜْﻮﺛَـَﺮ )‪ (١‬ﻓَ َ‬
‫ﻣﻦ اﻟﺘﻜﻠﻢ إﱃ اﻟﻐﻴﺒﺔ ﺑﻘﻮﻟﻪ‪ :‬ﻟﺮﺑﻚ‪.‬‬
‫وﻟﻼﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﻓﻮاﺋﺪ ﻣﻨﻬﺎ‪:‬‬
‫‪ -١‬ﲪﻞ اﳌﺨﺎﻃﺐ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻻﻧﺘﺒﺎﻩ ﻟﺘﻐﲑ وﺟﻪ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب ﻋﻠﻴﻪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٢‬ﲪﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ اﻟﺘﻔﻜﲑ ﰲ اﳌﻌﲎ‪ ،‬ﻷن ﺗﻐﻴﲑ وﺟﻪ اﻷﺳﻠﻮب‪ ،‬ﻳﺆدي إﱃ اﻟﺘﻔﻜﲑ ﰲ اﻟﺴﺒﺐ‪.‬‬
‫‪ -٣‬دﻓﻊ اﻟﺴﺂﻣﺔ واﳌﻠﻞ ﻋﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﻷن ﺑﻘﺎء اﻷﺳﻠﻮب ﻋﻠﻰ وﺟﻪ واﺣﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺆدي إﱃ اﳌﻤﻞ ﻏﺎﻟﺒًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫وﻫﺬﻩ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ ﻋﺎﻣﺔ ﻟﻼﻟﺘﻔﺎت ﰲ ﲨﻴﻊ ﺻﻮرﻩ أﻣﺎ اﻟﻔﻮاﺋﺪ اﳋﺎﺻﺔ ﻓﺘﺘﻌﲔ ﰲ ﻛﻞ ﺻﻮرة‪ ،‬ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﺎ ﻳﻘﺘﻀﻴﻪ‬
‫اﳌﻘﺎم‪.‬وﷲ أﻋﻠﻢ‪ .‬وﺻﻠﻰ ﷲ وﺳﻠﻢ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻧﺒﻴﻨﺎ ﳏﻤﺪ‪ ،‬وﻋﻠﻰ آﻟﻪ وﺻﺤﺒﻪ أﲨﻌﲔ‪ .‬ﰎ و‪ $‬اﳊﻤﺪ رب اﻟﻌﺎﳌﲔ‪.‬‬
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 ‫ﻣﺘﻦ‬

‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ ﻣﺨﺘﴫة ﰲ أﺻﻮل اﻟﻔﻘﻪ‬

‫ﻻﺑــﻦ ﺳﻌــــﺪي‪-‬رﺣﻤﻪ اﻟﻠﻪ‪-‬‬
 ‫‪139‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫ﻣ ﺪ ﺧﻞ‬

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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪140‬‬

‫ﺻَﺤﺎﺑِِﻪ َوأَﺗْـﺒَﺎِﻋِﻪ‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬

‫ﲑا ﻃَﻴِّﺒًﺎ ُﻣﺒَﺎَرًﻛﺎ ﻓﻴﻪ‪ ،‬اﻟﻠﱠﻬﱠﻢ َ‬
‫ﺻِّﻞ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ َوَﻋﻠَﻰ آﻟﻪ َوأَ ْ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬ﲪًْﺪا َﻛﺜ ً‬‫ب اﻟَﻌﺎﻟَﻤ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫اﳊﻤُﺪ ‪َ $‬ر ِّ‬
‫إَِﱃ ﻳَﻮِم اﻟ ِّﺪﻳِﻦ‪َ ،‬وﺳ ِﻠّﻢ ﺗَْﺴﻠﻴًﻤﺎ َﻛﺜًِﲑا‪.‬‬
‫أﱠﻣﺎ ﺑَﻌُﺪ‪:‬‬
‫ﺼِﺤﻴِﺢ ﰲ‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟِﻌْﻠِﻢ َﻣﻠََﻜﺔٌ ﻳَـْﻘﺘَِﺪُر ِ‪َØ‬ﺎ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟﻨﱠﻈَِﺮ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ﺼُﻞ ِﲟَﻌِﺮﻓَﺘِِﻪ ﻟِﻄَﺎﻟِ ِ‬‫ﻒ ُﻣِﻬٌﻢ‪َْ ،‬ﳛ ُ‬ ‫ﻓَﺈﱠن أﺻﻮَل اﻟِﻔﻘِﻪ ِﻋﻠٌﻢ َﺷﺮﻳ ٌ‬
‫ﲔ ﺑِِﻪ َﻋﻠَﻰ اْﺳﺘِْﻨـﺒَﺎِط اﻷْﺣَﻜﺎِم‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﻮِل اﻷْﺣَﻜﺎِم‪َ ،‬وﻳﺘَﻤﱠﻜُﻦ ﻣﻦ اﻻﺳﺘِﺪﻻِل َﻋﻠﻰ اﳊَﻼِل واﳊَﺮاِم‪َ ،‬وﻳَﺴﺘﻌ ُ‬ ‫أُ ُ‬
‫ﻚ ُﻛﻠِِّﻪ‪.‬‬‫ف َﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔَ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺴﻨﱠِﺔ‪ ،‬وﻳَـْﻌِﺮ ُ‬ ‫ب واﻟ ﱡ‬ ‫ﺸﺮﻋﻴﱠِﺔ ﻣﻦ اﻟِﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬ ‫اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ت ِﰲ‬ ‫ت ِﻓﻴِﻪ َﻋﻠﻰ اﳌُِﻬِﻢ اﳌُْﺤﺘَﺎِج إِﻟَﻴِﻪ‪ ،‬واْﺟﺘَـَﻬْﺪ ُ‬ ‫ﺼْﺮ ُ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬
‫ﺻﻮِل اﻟﻔْﻘﻪ‪ ،‬اﻗْـﺘَ َ‬ ‫ﺐ أُ ُ‬ ‫ﺼٌﺮ اﻧْـﺘَـَﻘ ْﻴـﺘُﻪُ ِﻣﻦ ُﻛﺘُ ِ‬
‫َوَﻫَﺬا ُﳐْﺘ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬
‫ﺼﺎِر‪.‬‬ ‫ﺗَـْﻮﺿﻴﺤﻪ‪ ،‬ﻷن اﳊَﺎﱠﺟﺔﱠ إَِﱃ اﻟﺘﱠﻮﺿﻴِﺢ َواﻟﺒَـﻴَﺎن أََﺷﱡﺪ ﻣﻦ اﳊَﺎﱠﺟﺔ إَِﱃ اﳊَْﺬف واﻻْﺧﺘ َ‬
‫ﺻُﻞ إَِﱃ اﳍَُﺪى َواﻟﱠﺮَﺷﺎِد ِﲟَﻨِِّﻪ َوَﻛَﺮِﻣِﻪ‪ .‬آِﻣﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫ب ﻃَِﺮﻳٍﻖ ﻳﻮ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ﺴَﺪاَد َوُﺳﻠﻮَك أَﻗْـﺮ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َوأَرُﺟﻮ ﷲَ ﺗَـَﻌﺎﱃ اِﻹَﻋﺎﻧَﺔَ واﻟ ﱠ‬
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 ‫‪141‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫س‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﱠﺔُ واِﻹﲨَﺎ ُ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﻠَﺔُ إِﻟْﻴﻪ‪َ ،‬وأَ ْ‬‫اْﻋﻠَﻢ‪ :‬أَن أُﺻﻮَل اﻟِﻔﻘِﻪ ِﻫﻲ اﻷِدﻟَﺔُ اﳌُﻮ ِ‬
‫ع َواﻟﻘﻴَﺎ ُ‬ ‫ب َواﻟ ﱡ َ‬
‫ﺻﻠَُﻬﺎ اﻟﻜﺘَﺎ ُ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬
‫ﺸﺮِﻋﻴﱠﺔُ َﲬَْﺴﺔٌ‪:‬‬ ‫َواﻷْﺣَﻜﺎُم اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﺐ َ‪ِÍ‬رُﻛﻪُ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ ﻓَﺎﻋﻠُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻋُﻮﻗ َ‬ ‫ﺐ‪َ :‬وُﻫَﻮ َﻣﺎ أُﺛْﻴ َ‬ ‫اﻟَﻮاﺟ ُ‬
‫َواﳊََﺮاُم‪ :‬ﻳُـَﻘﺎﺑِﻠُﻪُ‪.‬‬
‫ﺐ ﻓَﺎِﻋﻠُﻪُ‪َ ،‬وَﱂْ ﻳُـَﻌﺎﻗَﺐ َ‪ِÍ‬رُﻛﻪُ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫واﳌَْﺴﻨُﻮُن‪َ :‬وُﻫَﻮ َﻣﺎ أُﺛﻴ َ‬
‫ﺿﱡﺪﻩُ‪ :‬اﳌَْﻜُﺮوﻩُ‪.‬‬ ‫وِ‬
‫َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ح َوﻻ َذمﱞ‪.‬‬ ‫ح‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻻَ ﻳَـﺘَـَﻌﻠَُﻖ ﺑِﻪ َﻣْﺪ ٌ‬ ‫واﳌُﺒَﺎ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪142‬‬

‫ب أو اِﻹَ∞ﺣِﺔ إِذا‬ ‫ب‪ ،‬إِﻻﱠ ﻟِﻘِﺮﻳﻨٍﺔ ﺗَﺼِﺮﻓُﻪُ إَِﱃ اﻟﻨﱠْﺪ ِ‬ ‫ﺻﻞ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ﻟِﻠُﻮُﺟﻮ ِ‬ ‫ب واﻟ ﱡ ِ‬ ‫َوإَِذا َوَرَد اﻷﻣﺮ ﰲ اﻟِﻜﺘَﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺴﻨﱠﺔ؛ ﻓَﺎﻷَ ْ ُ‬ ‫ُ‬
‫َﻛﺎَن ﺑَـْﻌَﺪ اﳊَﻈِْﺮ ﻏَﺎﻟِﺒًﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼِﺮﻓُﻪُ إَِﱃ اﻟَﻜَﺮاَﻫِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ٍ‬
‫َواﻟﻨﱠﻬﱡﻲ ﻟﻠﺘﱠﺤِﺮﱘ إِﻻﱠ ﺑَِﻘﺮﻳْـﻨَﺔ ﺗَ ْ‬
‫ﲔ َﲪُْﻞ اﻷﻟﻔﺎ ِظ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﺣَﻘﺎﺋِِﻘَﻬﺎ ُدْوَن َﻣﺎ ﻗَﺎﻟُﻮا إِﻧﱠﻪُ َﳎَﺎٌز‪.‬‬ ‫َوﻳَـﺘَﻌ ﱠ ُ‬
‫ﺻَﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫وَﻋﻠَﻰ ﻋُﻤﻮِﻣَﻬﺎ ُدوَن ُﺧﺼﻮ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﺿَﻤﺎِرﻩِ‪.‬‬ ‫َوَﻋﻠَﻰ اْﺳﺘِﻘﻼَﻟِِﻪ ُدْوَن إِ ْ‬
‫َوَﻋﻠَﻰ إِﻃْﻼَِﻗِﻪ ُدْوَن ﺗَـْﻘﻴِﻴِﺪﻩِ‪.‬‬
‫ﺲ ﻟِﻠُﺤﻜِﻢ ﻻَ ُﻣﺆّﻛٌِﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َوَﻋﻠَﻰ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣَﺆّﺳ ٌ‬
‫ف‪.‬‬ ‫ﱰاِد ٌ‬ ‫َوَﻋﻠَﻰ أَﻧﱠﻪُ ُﻣﺘَـﺒَﺎﻳٌِﻦ ﻻَ ُﻣ ََ‬
‫ف َﻣﺎ ﺗَـَﻘﱠﺪَم‪.‬‬ ‫وَﻋﻠَﻰ ﺑـَﻘﺎﺋِِﻪ دون ﻧَﺴِﺨِﻪ‪ ،‬إﻻﱠ ﻟﺪﻟِﻴٍﻞ ﻳُﺪﱡل َﻋﻠَﻰ ِﺧﻼَ ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ َ‬
‫ف اﳌُﺘََﻜﻠﱠِﻢ ﺑِِﻪ ﰲ أُﻣﻮِر اﻟُﻌُﻘﻮِد َوﺗَـَﻮاﺑِِﻌَﻬﺎ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﺎرِع‪ ،‬وَﻋﻠَﻰ ﻋُﺮ ِ‬ ‫ﺸﺎِرِع إِْن َﻛﺎَن َﻛﻼًَﻣﺎ ﻟِﻠ ﱠ‬ ‫ف اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫وَﻋﻠَﻰ ﻋُﺮ ِ‬
‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ‬
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 ‫‪143‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺻِﺪ‪.‬‬
‫واﻟﻮﺳﺎﺋِﻞ َﳍَﺎ أَْﺣَﻜﺎُم اﳌَﻘﺎ ِ‬
‫َ َ ُ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺐ إﻻﱠ ﺑِﻪ ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ َواﺟ ٌ‬
‫ﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫َوَﻣﺎ ﻻَ ﻳَﺘُﻢ اﻟَﻮاﺟ ُ‬
‫ﺐ‪.‬‬‫ب إﻻﱠ ﺑِِﻪ ﻓَـﻠَْﻴﺲ ﺑَِﻮاِﺟ ٍ‬ ‫َوَﻣﺎ ﻻَ ﻳَﺘُﻢ اﻟُﻮُﺟﻮ ُ‬
‫َ‬
‫ﺿَﻬﺎ‪َ ،‬واﻧْـﺘَـَﻔﺖ ُﻣْﻔِﺴَﺪاُ‪Ò‬ﺎ‪.‬‬
‫ﺖ ُﺷُﺮوﻃَُﻬﺎ َوﻓُـُﺮو ُ‬ ‫ت‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ اﺟﺘﻤﻌ ْ‬ ‫ﺼﺤﻴﺢ ِﻣﻦ اﻟِﻌﺒﺎدا ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫واﻟ ﱠ ُ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬‫ﻚ اﻟُﻌُﻘﻮُد َواﳌَُﻌﺎَﻣﻼَ ُ‬‫ﺲ‪َ ،‬وَﻛَﺬﻟِ َ‬‫َواﻟﺒَﺎِﻃُﻞ َواﻟَﻔﺎِﺳُﺪ ِ∞ﻟَﻌْﻜ ِ‬
‫ض َﻋ ْ ٍ‬
‫ﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫ت ﻓَـُﻬَﻮ ﻓَـْﺮ ُ‬‫ﻒ ِ∞ﻟﱠﺬا ِ‬ ‫ﺸﺎِرِع ﻟَﻪُ ِﻣﻦ ُﻛ ِﻞ ﻣَﻜﻠﱠ ٍ‬‫ﺐ اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ْ ُّ‬ ‫َوَﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن ﻃَﻠَ ُ‬
‫ﻚ ﻣﺼﻠَﺤﺔُ اﻟَﻔﺎِﻋِﻞ ﻓَـﻬﻮ ﻓَـﺮ ٌ ِ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِِ‬
‫ض ﻛَﻔﺎﻳﺔ‪ ،‬إِذا ﻓَـَﻌﻠَﻪُ َﻣﻦ َْﳛ ُ‬
‫ﺼُﻞ‬ ‫َُ ْ‬ ‫ﺼُﺪ ُﳎَﱠﺮُد ﻓْﻌﻠﻪ واِﻹﺗْـﻴَﺎُن ﺑِﻪ َوﺗَﺒﻊ َذﻟ َ َ ْ َ‬ ‫َوَﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن اﻟَﻘ ْ‬
‫ﺼﻮُد َﻛَﻔﻰ َﻋﻦ ﻏَ ِْﲑِﻩ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺑِﻪ اﳌَْﻘ ُ‬
‫ض َﻋ ٍ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ ِﰲ َﺣِّﻖ َﻣﻦ ﻳَﻌﻠَُﻢ أَﱠن ﻏَ ْ َ‬
‫ﲑﻩُ ﻻَ ﻳَـُﻘﻮُم‬ ‫ﲑ ﻓَﺮ ُ‬ ‫َوإن َﱂْ ﻳْﻔَﻌْﻠﻪُ أََﺣٌﺪ أَﰒَ ُﻛﻞﱡ َﻣﻦ َﻋﻠَﻤﻪُ َوﻗَﺪَر َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ‪َ ،‬وُﻫَﻮ ﻳَﺼ ُ‬
‫ﺑِِﻪ َﻋْﺠًﺰا أَْو َ‪َÒ‬ﺎوً‪.5‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪144‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫َوإَِذا ﺗَـَﺰاَﲪَ ْ‬
‫ﺴَﺪةً‪.‬‬‫ﺐ أََﺧﱡﻔﻬَﻤﺎ َﻣﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺴَﺪَ‪Í‬ن ﻻَ ﺑُﱠﺪ ﻣﻦ ﻓْﻌِﻞ إْﺣَﺪاُﳘَﺎ ارﺗُﻜ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻠََﺤﺘَﺎن ﻗُّﺪَم أَْﻋﻼَُﳘَﺎ‪ ،‬أَو َﻣْﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺖ َﻣ ْ‬
‫ﻒ َﻋ ْﻨـُﻬَﻤﺎ‪.‬‬‫ﺐ اﻟَﻜ ﱡ‬ ‫وإَِذا اﺷﺘـﺒﻪ اﳌُﺒﺎح ِ∞ﳌُﺤﱠﺮِم ِﰲ ﻏَ ِْﲑ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﻀﺮوَرة َوَﺟ َ‬ ‫ََ َ َ ُ َ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ﻀﻲ اﻟَﻔْﻮِرﻳﱠﺔَ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻷﻣﺮ ﻳـْﻘﺘَ ِ‬
‫َُ‬
‫ع اﳊُْﻜُﻢ ﻷْﺟِﻠِﻪ‪َ ،‬وﻳُـَﻌﱡﻢ اﳊُْﻜُﻢ ﺑُِﻌُﻤﻮِم‬ ‫ﺐ اﻟِﺬي ُﺷِﺮ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺮﻋﻴﺔُ ‪-‬وﻳُـَﻘﺎل َﳍَﺎ اﻟﻌﻠﺔُ‪ -‬ﻫَﻲ اﳌْﻌَﲎ اﳌُﻨﺎﺳ ُ‬
‫واﳊِْﻜﻤﺔُ اﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫َ َ‬
‫ﺺ إَِذا ﻋُِﻠَﻢ ِﻋﻠﱠﺘُﻪُ‪.‬‬
‫ﺼ ُ‬ ‫ﻆ اﻟَﻌﺎﱠم ُﳜَ ﱠ‬ ‫ِﻋﻠﱠﺘِِﻪ‪َ ،‬ﻛَﻤﺎ أَن اﻟﻠْﻔ َ‬
‫ﺐ‪ُ :‬ﻫَﻮ اﻟِﺬي ﻳَـْﻠَﺰُم ِﻣﻦ ُوُﺟﻮِدﻩِ اﻟُﻮُﺟﻮُد‪َ ،‬وِﻣﻦ َﻋَﺪِﻣِﻪ اﻟَﻌَﺪُم ﻟَِﺬاﺗِِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻟﺴﺒ ُ‬
‫ط‪َ :‬ﻣﺎ ﻳَـْﻠَﺰُم ِﻣﻦ َﻋَﺪِﻣِﻪ اﻟَﻌَﺪُم‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳَـْﻠَﺰُم ِﻣﻦ ُوُﺟﻮِدﻩِ ُوُﺟﻮٌد َوﻻَ َﻋَﺪم ﻟَِﺬاﺗِِﻪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺸﺮ ُ‬ ‫واﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ض َراِﺟٍﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺖ ﺑَِﺪﻟﻴٍﻞ َﺷْﺮِﻋِّﻲ َﺧﺎٍل َﻋﻦ ُﻣَﻌﺎِر ٍ‬ ‫َواﻟَﻌِﺰْﳝَﺔُ‪ُ :‬ﺣْﻜٌﻢ َ√ﺑِ ٌ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َوﺿﱡﺪَﻫﺎ‪ :‬اﻟﱡﺮْﺧ َ‬
‫ﺼﺔُ‪.‬‬
‫ﺴﺎُد ِﻋﺒﺎدةٍ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ إﻟﺰاٌم َﳍﻢ ﺑَِﻌْﻘٍﺪ‪ ،‬واﻟﻨﱠﺎِﺳُﻲ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﺐ َﻋﻠَﻰ ﻓْﻌﻠﻬﻢ ﻓَ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َواﻟﻨﱠﺎﺳُﻲ َواﳌُْﺨﻄُﺊ َواﳌُْﻜَﺮﻩُ ﻻَ إْﰒَ َﻋﻠَﻴِﻬﻢ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳََﱰﺗﱠ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫س َواﻷْﻣَﻮاِل‪.‬‬ ‫ﻀَﻤﻨَﺎِن َﻣﺎ أَﺗْـﻠََﻔﺎ ِﻣﻦ اﻟﻨﱡـُﻔﻮ ِ‬
‫واﳌُﺨِﻄُﺊ ﻳَ ْ‬
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 ‫‪145‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬

‫ﺼـٌﻞ‬
‫ﻓَـ ْ‬

‫ﱯ ﷺ َوِﻓْﻌﻠُﻪُ َوإِ ْﻗـَﺮاُرﻩُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺴﻨﱠﺔُ‪ :‬ﻗَـْﻮُل اﻟﻨﱠِ ِّ‬

‫اﻟ ﱡ‬
‫ﺿٌﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻓَـَﻘﻮﻟُﻪُ‪ :‬وا ِ‬
‫ْ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺻﻴﱠِﺔ إِﻻﱠ أَﻓْـَﻌﺎﻟُﻪُ اﻟِﱵ ﻋُﻠَﻢ أَﻧﱠﻪُ‬
‫ب‪ ،‬أَو اﳋُﺼﻮ ِ‬
‫ب‪َ ،‬وﻗَْﺪ ﺗَﺼِﺮﻓُﻪُ اﻟَﻘِﺮﻳْـﻨَﺔُ إَِﱃ اﻟُﻮُﺟﻮ ِ ْ ُ‬
‫وِﻓﻌﻠُﻪُ‪ :‬اﻷ ِ ِ‬
‫ﺻُﻞ ﻓﻴﻪ أَﻧﱠﻪُ َﻣْﻨُﺪو ٌ‬ ‫ْ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫ﺼِﺪ ِﳉْﻨِﺴَﻬﺎ ﻓَِﺈﱠ‪َƒ‬ﺎ ﺗَُﻜﻮُن ُﻣﺒَﺎَﺣﺔٌ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َﱂْ ﻳَـْﻔَﻌْﻠَﻬﺎ َﻋﻠَﻰ وْﺟﻪ اﻟﺘﱠْﺸِﺮﻳِْﻊ؛ َﻛﺎﻷُﻣﻮِر اﻟﱠِﱵ ﻳَـْﻔَﻌﻠَُﻬﺎ اﺗِّﻔﺎﻗًﺎ ﺑِﻼَ ﻗَ ْ‬
‫ﺼﻪُ اﻟﱠﺪﻟِْﻴُﻞ‪.‬‬
‫ﺻُﻞ أَن أُﱠﻣﺘَﻪُ أُْﺳَﻮةٌ ﻟَﻪُ ِﰲ اﻷْﺣَﻜﺎِم ُﻛﻠَِّﻬﺎ إِﻻﱠ َﻣﺎ َﺧ ﱠ‬ ‫َواﻷ ْ‬
‫َوإِ ْﻗـَﺮاَرﻩُ َﻋﻠَﻰ َﺷﻲٍء ﻳَُﺪﱡل َﻋﻠَﻰ اﳉَﻮاِز إِﻻﱠ ﺑَِﺪﻟِْﻴٍﻞ‪.‬‬
‫َوﻳُـَﻘﱠﺪُم ﻗَـْﻮﻟُﻪُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ِﻓْﻌِﻠِﻪ‪.‬‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪146‬‬

‫ع اﻷُﱠﻣِﺔ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﺣْﻜٍﻢ َﺷﺮِﻋٍّﻲ ُﺣﱠﺠﺔٌ ﻗَﺎِﻃَﻌﺔٌ‪ ،‬ﻻَ َِﳛﻞﱡ ﻷََﺣﺪ ُﳐَﺎﻟََﻔﺔُ اِﻹﲨَﺎِع اﳌﻌﻠُﻮِم‪.‬‬ ‫َوإِْﲨَﺎ ُ‬
‫ﺾ ا ْ‪0‬ﺘَِﻬِﺪﻳَْﻦ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ع َﻋﻠَﻰ َدﻟْﻴٍﻞ َﺷﺮﻋٍّﻲ ﻳَﻌﻠَُﻤﻪُ َوﻟَْﻮ ﺑَـْﻌ ُ‬ ‫َوﻻَ ﺑُﱠﺪ أن ﻳَﺴﺘَﻨَِﺪ اﻹﲨَﺎ ُ‬
‫ب َواﳋَﻄَِﺄ‪.‬‬
‫ﲔ‪ ،‬ﺑِﺸﺮٍط أن ﻳَـ ْﻨـُﻘﻠَﻪُ َﻋَﺪٌد ﻻَ ُﳝِﻜُﻦ ﺗَـَﻮاﻃُُﺆُﻫﻢ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﻟَﻜِﺬ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َواﳋََﱪُ اﳌﺘَـَﻮاﺗُِﺮ ﻟَﻔﻈًﺎ أو َﻣﻌًﲎ ﻳُﻔﻴُﺪ اﻟﻴَﻘ َ‬
‫ﻓَِﺈَذا َﱂْ ﻳَـ ْﺒـﻠُﻎ َﻫِﺬﻩِ اﻟﱠﺪرَﺟﺔَ ِﻗﻴَﻞ ﻟَﻪُ آَﺣﺎٌد‪.‬‬
‫ﺾ أَﺧﺒَﺎِر اﻵَﺣﺎِد ِﻣَﻦ اﻟَﻘَﺮاﺋِِﻦ َﻣﺎ ﻳُﻔﻴُﺪ َﻣَﻌَﻬﺎ اﻟَﻘﻄَْﻊ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻒ ﺑِﺒﻌ ِ‬ ‫َوﻗَْﺪ َﳛﺘَ ُ‬
‫ﰊ إَِذا َﱂْ ُﳜَﺎﻟِْﻔﻪُ ﻏَْﲑُﻩُ ِﻣﻦ ُﲨﻠَِﺔ اﳊَُﺠِﺞ‪َ ،‬وإَِذا َﺧﺎﻟََﻔﻪُ ﻏَْﲑُﻩُ؛ ُرِﺟَﻊ إﱃ اﻟﱠﱰِﺟﻴِﺢ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼَﺤﺎِِّ‬‫َوﻗَـْﻮُل اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ي ِرَواﻳﺘُﻪُ ﻋُِﻤَﻞ ﺑِِﺮَواﻳَﺘِِﻪ ُدوَن َرأﻳِِﻪ‪.‬‬‫ي اﻟﱠﺮاو ِّ‬ ‫وإَِذا َﺧﺎﻟَ َ‬
‫ﻒ َرأْ ُ‬
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 ‫‪147‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫ﺸﻲِء أﻣﺮ ﺑِ ِ‬
‫ﻀ ِّﺪﻩِ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿ ِّﺪﻩِ‪ ،‬واﻟﻨﱠﻬُﻲ َﻋﻦ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫ﺸﻲِء َ‪ْƒ‬ﻲ َﻋﻦ ِ‬ ‫َواﻷﻣُﺮ ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ٌ‬ ‫ٌ ْ‬
‫ﺴﺪ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ ﺣﺮَم َوَﱂْ ﺗُﻔ َ‬ ‫ﺴَﺪت‪َ ،‬وإِن َرَﺟَﻊ إَِﱃ أَﻣٍﺮ َﺧﺎِرٍج َﻋﻦ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َواﻟﺘﱠﺤِﺮْﱘُ إن َرَﺟَﻊ َﻋﻠَﻰ َذات اﻟﻌﺒَﺎَدة أَْو َﺷﺮﻃَﻬﺎ ﻓَ َ‬
‫وِﻣﻦ ِ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻮﻻ ُ‬ ‫ي‪َ ،‬وأَﻳَْﻦ َوﳓُﻮَﻫﺎ‪َ ،‬واﳌَﻮ ُ‬
‫ﺻﻴَِﻎ اﻟُﻌُﻤﻮم‪َ :‬ﻣْﻦ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ‪َ ،‬وأَ ﱡ‬ ‫َ ْ‬
‫س‪َ ،‬واﻟُْﻤﻔَﺮُد‬ ‫ﺼِﺮﳛَﺔُ ِﰲ اﻟُﻌُﻤﻮِم َﻛُﻜ ِﻞّ َوأﲨَﻊ َوَﳓِﻮِﳘَﺎ‪َ ،‬وَﻣﺎ َدَﺧﻠَﺖ َﻋﻠَﻴِﻪ )اﻟـ( ِﻣﻦ اﳉُُﻤﻮِع َواﻷْﺟﻨَﺎ ِ‬ ‫ظ اﻟ ﱠ‬‫َواﻷَﻟَﻔﺎ ُ‬
‫ف ِ∞ﻟﻼﱠِم ﻏَِﲑ اﻟَﻌﻬِﺪﻳﱠِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫اﳌَُﻌﱠﺮ ُ‬
‫ﺸﺮِط أو اﻻﺳﺘِﻔَﻬﺎِم‪.‬‬ ‫ف ﻟَِﻤﻌِﺮﻓَﺔ‪َ ،‬واﻟﻨَِﻜَﺮةُ ِﰲ ِﺳﻴَﺎِق اﻟﻨﱠﻔِﻲ أو اﻟﻨﱠﻬِﻲ أو اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﻀﺎ ُ‬‫َواﳌُْﻔَﺮُد اﳌُ َ‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ﺼَﻔِﺔ أو َﳓِﻮَﻫﺎ؛ ﻓَـﻴُﻌَﻤُﻞ ﺑَِﺬﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺼﻴﺺ اﻟﻌﻤﻮِم ﻳُﻜﻮُن ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ ِ‬
‫ﺸﺎِرِع َوِﰲ َﻛﻼَِم اﳌَُﻜﻠﱠﻔ َ‬
‫ﲔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ ِﰲ َﻛﻼَِم اﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺸﺮط أو اﻟ ِّ‬ ‫َوَﲣ ُ ُ ُ َ‬
‫ِ‬
‫ﺖ اﳊَﺎﱠﺟِﺔ‪.‬‬ ‫ﻚ َ‪Û‬ﺧﲑ اﻟﺒﻴﺎِن َﻋﻦ وﻗْ ِ‬ ‫ﻀﱠﻤَﻦ َذﻟِ َ‬ ‫ﺿٍﻊ آَﺧَﺮ‪ ،‬إِﻻﱠ إَِذا ﺗَ َ‬ ‫واﳌُﻄْﻠَُﻖ ِﻣﻦ اﻟَﻜﻼَِم ُْﳛﻤﻞ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﳌَُﻘﻴﱠِﺪ ِﰲ ﻣﻮ ِ‬
‫َ َ َْ‬ ‫َ‬ ‫َُ‬
‫ﲔ ِﰲ ﻣﻮ ِ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﺿٍﻊ آَﺧَﺮ‪.‬‬ ‫َواﳌُْﺠَﻤُﻞ َواﳌُْﺸﺘَﺒِﻪُ ُﳛَﻤُﻞ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﳌُْﺤَﻜِﻢ اﻟَﻮاﺿِﺢ اﳌُﺒَ ﱠ ِ َ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟَﻌَﻤُﻞ ِ∞ﻟﻈﱠﺎِﻫِﺮ ِوﻻَ ﻳُﻌَﺪُل َﻋﻨﻪ إﻻ ﻟَِﺪﻟﻴٍﻞ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َوَﳚ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪148‬‬

‫ﺿﻤِﻦ اﻟﻠﱠﻔِﻆ ﻓَـﻴَﺪُﺧُﻞ ِﰲ َﻣﻨﻄُﻮِﻗِﻪ‪ ،‬وﻟَﻪُ َﻣﻔُﻬﻮٌم َوُﻫَﻮ‬ ‫واﻟﻜﻼم ﻟَﻪُ ﻣﻨﻄُﻮٌق ﻳﻄَﺎﺑُِﻖ ﻟَﻔﻈﻪ أَو ﻳﺪُﺧﻞ اﳌَﻌﲎ ِﰲ ِ‬
‫َ ُ َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ُ َ‬
‫ﺖ َﻋﻨﻪُ‪:‬‬ ‫اﳌَﻌَﲎ اﻟِﺬي َﺳَﻜ َ‬
‫إِن َﻛﺎن أَوَﱃ ِ∞ْﳊُْﻜِﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﳌَْﻨﻄُﻮِق ﺑِﻪ َﻛﺎَن َﻣﻔُﻬﻮٌم ُﻣَﻮاﻓَـَﻘﺔٌ ﻳُﻜﻮُن اﳊُْﻜُﻢ َﻋﻠَﻴِﻪ أَْوَﱃ ِ∞ﳊُْﻜِﻢ ِﻣﻦ اﳌَْﻨﻄُﻮِق ﺑِِﻪ‪،‬‬
‫ﺸْﺮٍط أﻻﱠ َﳜُْﺮَج‬ ‫َوإِن َﻛﺎَن ِﺧﻼَﻓُﻪُ ِﻗْﻴَﻞ ﻟَﻪُ َﻣْﻔُﻬﻮٌم ُﳐَﺎﻟََﻔﺔ‪ ،‬ﻓَـﻴَُﻜﻮُن اﳊُْﻜﻢ ِﻓﻴِﻪ ُﳐَﺎﻟِﻔﺎً ﻟِﻠُﺤﻜِﻢ ِﰲ اﳌَْﻨﻄُﻮِق ﺑِِﻪ‪ ،‬ﺑِ َ‬
‫ﻀﺖ‬ ‫ﺴَﺆاٍل َﺳﺎﺋٍِﻞ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ِﺳﻴَﻖ ﻟﻠﺘﱠـْﻔِﺨﻴِﻢ‪ ،‬أَْو اﻻْﻣﺘِﻨَﺎِن‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻟِﺒَـﻴَﺎِن َﺣﺎِدﺛٍَﺔ اﻗْـﺘَ َ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ج اﻟﻐَﺎﻟﺐ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳَُﻜﻮُن َﺟَﻮاً∞ ﻟ ُ‬
‫ِ‬
‫َﳐَْﺮ َ‬
‫ﺑَـﻴَﺎن اﳊُﻜِﻢ ِﰲ اﳌَْﺬُﻛﻮِر‪.‬‬
‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺦ‪ :‬ﻫﻮ رﻓْﻊ اﳊْﻜِﻢ اﻟ ﱠ ِ ِ‬
‫ﲔ‬‫ﺼِ‬ ‫ﲔ اﻟﻨﱠ ﱠ‬ ‫ﺼﺎُر إِﻟَْﻴﻪ إِﻻَ ﺑَـْﻌَﺪ ﺗَـَﻌﱡﺬِر اﳉَْﻤِﻊ ﺑَْ َ‬ ‫ﺸﺮﻋِّﻲ ﺑَِﺪﻟْﻴٍﻞ َﺷْﺮﻋٍّﻲ ُﻣﺘَﺄﺧٍﺮ َﻋْﻨﻪُ‪َ ،‬وﻻَ ﻳُ َ‬ ‫واﻟﻨﱠﺴ ُ ُ َ َ ُ ُ‬
‫ِﻣﻦ ُﻛ ِﻞّ َوْﺟٍﻪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺚ ﻻَ‬ ‫ص َﻋﻠَْﻴِﻪ إَِذا َﻛﺎﻧَﺖ اﻟِﻌﻠﱠﺔُ َواِﺣﺪةٌ ِﲝَْﻴ ُ‬ ‫ﺼﻮ ٍ‬ ‫ﺻٍﻞ َﻣْﻨ ُ‬
‫وأﱠﻣﺎ اﻟِﻘﻴﺎس‪ :‬ﻓَـﻬﻮ ﺗَﺴِﻮﻳﺔُ ﻓَـﺮع ﻏَ ِْﲑ ﻣْﻨﺼﻮ ٍ ِ‬
‫ص َﻋﻠَْﻴﻪ ِ‪ْ َ±‬‬ ‫َ ُْ‬ ‫َ ُ َُ ْ َ ْ‬
‫ﻳَُﻜﻮُن ﺑَـ ْﻴـﻨَـُﻬَﻤﺎ ﻓَـْﺮٌق‪.‬‬
‫ﺻﻮﻟِﻴﲔ‪،‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﲔ‪َ ،‬وُﻫَﻮ ُﺣﱠﺠﺔٌ ﻋْﻨَﺪ ُﲨُﻬﻮر اﻷ ُ‬ ‫ﲔ اﳌُﺘََﺨﺎﻟَِﻔ ْ ِ‬‫ﲔ ِﰲ اﳊُْﻜِﻢ‪َ ،‬واﻟﺘﱠـْﻔِﺮﻳِْﻖ ﺑَْ َ‬‫ﲔ اﳌُﺘََﻤﺎﺛِﻠَ ْ ِ‬
‫ﲏ َﻋﻠَﻰ اﳉَْﻤِﻊ ﺑَْ َ‬ ‫َوَﻫَﺬا َﻣْﺒ ِ ﱞ‬
‫ﺿﻌِﻔِﻪ‪.‬‬‫ت ﺗَـَﻔﺎوً‪َ Í‬ﻛﺜًِﲑا ِﰲ ﻗُـﱠﻮﺗِِﻪ َو َ‬ ‫َوﻳَـﺘَـَﻔﺎَو ُ‬
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 ‫‪149‬‬ ‫ﺑﺮﻋﺎﻳﺔ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ر‪C‬ض اﻟﺼﺎﳊﲔ اﻹﺳﻼﻣﻲ ﺑﺪﰊ‬
‫َوِﻣﻦ اﻟَﻘَﻮاِﻋِﺪ اﳌَُﻘﱠﺮَرةِ‪:‬‬
‫ﺸ ِّ‬
‫ﲔ ﻻَ ﻳَـُﺰوُل ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ‬ ‫ِ‬
‫ﻚ‪.‬‬ ‫أَﱠن اﻟﻴَﻘ َ‬
‫ﺻُﻞ َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن َﻋﻠَﻰ َﻣﺎ َﻛﺎَن‪.‬‬ ‫َواﻷ ْ‬
‫ﻀَﺮُر ِ∞ﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ﻀَﺮِر‪.‬‬ ‫َوﻻَ ﻳُـَﺰاُل اﻟ ﱠ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬ ‫ت ﺗُﺒِْﻴﺢ اﳌَْﺤﻈُﻮرا ِ‬ ‫َواﻟ ﱠ‬
‫َ‬ ‫ﻀُﺮوَرا ُ ُ‬
‫ﺐ‪.‬‬ ‫واﻟﻌْﺠﺰ ﻳﺴِﻘ ُ ِ‬
‫ﻂ اﻟَﻮاﺟ َ‬ ‫َ َ ُ ُْ‬
‫ﺐ اﻟﺘﱠﻴِﺴْﲑَ‪.‬‬ ‫ِ‬
‫َواﳌََﺸﱠﻘﺔُ َﲡْﻠ ُ‬
‫ف ِﰲ َﻛﺜِ ٍْﲑ ِﻣﻦ اﻷُﻣْﻮِر‪.‬‬ ‫واﻟﱡﺮﺟﻮعُ إَِﱃ اﻟﻌﺮ ِ‬
‫ُ‬ ‫َ ُ‬
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‫ﳎﺎﻟﺲ ﻋﻠﻤﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺸﻴﺦ د‪ .‬ﳏﻤﺪ ﺑﻦ ﻏﺎﻟﺐ اﻟﻌﻤﺮي | ا‪:‬ﻠﺲ اﻷول‬ ‫‪150‬‬
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‫ت اﳌْﻨُﻊ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻼَ ﻳُْﺸَﺮعُ ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ إِﻻﱠ َﻣﺎ َﺷَﺮَﻋﻪُ ﷲُ َوَرُﺳﻮﻟُﻪُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻞ ِﰲ اﻟِﻌﺒﺎَدا ِ‬
‫َ‬ ‫َواﻷ ْ ُ‬
‫ت اِﻹَ∞َﺣﺔُ‪ ،‬ﻓَﻼَ ُﳛَﱠﺮُم ِﻣ ْﻨـَﻬﺎ إِﻻﱠ َﻣﺎ َﺣﱠﺮَﻣﻪُ ﷲُ َوَرُﺳﻮﻟُﻪُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺻﻞ ِﰲ اﻟﻌﺎَدا ِ‬
‫َواﻷَ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ﲔ ِﻣﻦ اﻷﻗْـَﻮاِل َواﻷﻓْـَﻌﺎِل اﻧْـَﻌَﻘَﺪ ْ‬
‫ت ﺑِِﻪ اﻟُﻌُﻘْﻮُد‪.‬‬ ‫ﺼﻮُد اﳌُﺘَـَﻌﺎِﻗَﺪﻳِْﻦ َواﳌﺘَـَﻌﺎِﻣﻠَ ِ‬ ‫َوُﻛﻞﱡ َﻣﺎ َدﱠل َﻣْﻘ ُ‬
‫ت َﻛﻤﺎ ﺗُـْﻌﺘََﱪ ِﰲ اﻟِﻌﺒﺎَدا ِ‬ ‫ِ‬ ‫ﺻُﺪ َواﻟﻨِّﻴَﺎ ُ‬‫واﳌََﻘﺎ ِ‬
‫ت‪.‬‬ ‫َ‬ ‫ُ‬ ‫ﱪ ِﰲ اﳌَُﻌﺎَﻣﻼَ َ‬ ‫ت ﺗُـْﻌﺘَ َُ‬ ‫َ‬
‫ِِ‬ ‫ِ ِ‬ ‫ﻚ ﻗَْﺪ ﻳـﻌِﺮض ﻟِْﻠﻤْﻔ ُ ِ ِ‬ ‫ِ ِ ِِ‬ ‫َوﻳُـْﻌَﻤُﻞ ِﻋْﻨَﺪ اﻟﺘﱠـَﻌﺎُر ِ‬
‫ﺴﺎِوً‪ò‬‬
‫ﻀﻮل ﻣﻦ اﳌَُﺮّﺟَﺤﺎت َﻣﺎ ﻳَﺼﲑ ﺑﻪ ُﻣ َ‬ ‫ض ِ‪َ±‬ﻗْـَﻮى اﳌَُﺮّﺟَﺤﺎت‪َ ،‬وﻟَﺬﻟ َ َ ْ ُ َ‬
‫ﻀَﻞ ِﻣْﻨﻪُ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺿِﻞ أَْو أَﻓْ َ‬‫ﻟِْﻠَﻔﺎ ِ‬
‫ﺻْﺤﺒِِﻪ َوَﺳﻠﱠَﻢ‪.‬‬ ‫ِِ‬ ‫ٍ‬ ‫ِِ‬
‫ﺻﻠﱠﻰ ﷲُ َﻋﻠَﻰ ُﳏَﱠﻤﺪ َوَﻋﻠَﻰ آﻟﻪ َو َ‬ ‫ﺗَـﱠﻢ‪َ ،‬واﳊَْﻤُﺪ ‪َ k‬وْﺣَﺪﻩُ‪َ ،‬و َ‬
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