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O’ LEVEL
MATHEMATICS
VECTORS 2 TEST M
TIME: 1 hour
40 marks
SOLUTION

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Sharewell B. C

C
1.
𝟐𝒚
B
𝟐𝒙 + 𝒚

O A D
𝟑𝒙

In the diagram, OA = 3𝒙, OB = 2𝒙 + 𝒚 and OC = 2𝒚.

i) Express CO in terms of 𝒚. [1]
ii) The point D is such that OD = ℎ OA.
Show that CD = 3ℎ 𝒙 − 2𝒚. [2]
iii) Express CD in terms of 𝒙 and 𝒚, giving your answer in its simplest form. [1]
iv) Given also that CD = 𝑘CD, write down an equation in terms of 𝒙, 𝒚, ℎ and 𝑘.[1]
v) Find the value of ℎ and the value of 𝑘. [2]
vi) Find AD. [2]

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SOLUTION

i. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −2𝒚
CO = −OC

ii. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
CD = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OD − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OC
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − 2𝒚
= ℎOA
= 3ℎ𝒙 − 2𝒚 (shown).

iii. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

CB OB − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OC
= 2𝒙 + 𝒚 − 2𝒚
= 2𝒙 − 𝒚

iv. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

CD = 𝑘CB

3ℎ𝒙 − 2𝒚 = 𝑘(2𝒙 − 𝒚) [substituting calculated values above]

3ℎ𝒙 − 2𝒚 = 2𝑘𝒙 − 𝑘𝒚

v. 3ℎ = 2𝑘 ……….(1) [comparing coefficients of 𝑥 and 𝑦]

𝑘 = 2 ……........(2)
2 4
∴ ℎ = (2) =
3 3
𝟒
Hence, 𝒉 = 𝐚𝐧𝐝 𝒌 = 𝟐.
𝟑

vi. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AD = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OD − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
OA
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ − ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= ℎOA OA
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= (ℎ − 1)OA

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4
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ [substituting value of ℎ]
= ( − 1) OA
3

1
= (3𝑥) = 𝑥
3

=𝒙

2. P M Q

X
2𝑎
N

O 2b R

OPQR is a parallelogram. M is the midpoint of PQ and N is the midpoint of QR.

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝒃.

𝑂𝑃 = 2𝒂 and 𝑂𝑅

i. Express in terms of a and/or b

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
a) 𝑃𝑀
b) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑀
c) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑁
d) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑁 . [4]
ii. OM and PM meet at X.
Given that ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , express ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑋 = ℎ𝑃𝑁 𝑃𝑋 n terms of a, b and ℎ. [2]

iii. Hence, show that

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑋 = (2 − ℎ)𝒂 + 2ℎ𝒃. [2]

iv. ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑘𝑂𝑀

Given also that 𝑂𝑋 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , express 𝑂𝑋
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ in terms of a, b and 𝑘. [2]

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v. Using these two expressions for ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝑋, find the value of ℎ and the value of 𝑘. [2]

vi. Find the ratio 𝑋𝑁: 𝑃𝑁. [1]

SOLUTION

i)
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 1 𝑂𝑅
a) 𝑃𝑀 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2
1
= (2𝐛)
2

=b

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝑃
b) 𝑂𝑀 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑃𝑀
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= 2a + b

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑂𝑅
c) 𝑂𝑁 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝑅𝑁
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 1 𝑂𝑃
= 𝑂𝑅 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2

= 2b + a

𝑃𝑁 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
d) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑁 − 𝑂𝑃
= 2b + a + 2a
= 2b – a

ii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑃𝑋 = ℎ𝑃𝑁

= ℎ(2𝐛 − 𝐚) [using results in i(d)]

= 2ℎ𝐛 − ℎ𝐚

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iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝑋 = 𝑂𝑃 𝑃𝑋
= 2𝐚 + 2ℎ𝐛 − ℎ𝐚
= (2 − ℎ)𝐚 + 2ℎ𝐛 (shown).

iv) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑂𝑋 = 𝑘𝑂𝑀
= 𝑘(2𝐚 + 𝐛)
= 2𝑘𝐚 + 𝑘𝐛

v) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑂𝑋 = 2𝑘𝐚 + 𝑘𝐛 = (2 − ℎ)𝐚 + 2ℎ𝐛 [from (iii) and (iv)]

2𝑘 = 2 − ℎ ……(1) [comparing coefficients of a and b]

𝑘 = 2ℎ ………(2)

4ℎ = 2 − ℎ [substituting (2) in to (1)]

5ℎ = 2
𝟐
𝒉=
𝟓
2
∴ 𝑘 = 2( )
5
𝟒
𝒌=
𝟓

vi) From (ii), ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝑃𝑋 = ℎ𝑃𝑁
2 2
= ( ) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑁 [since ℎ = from (v)]
5 5
3
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑋𝑁 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑃𝑁
5

∴ 𝑿𝑵: 𝑷𝑵 = 𝟑: 𝟓

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B
3.

3p
T
X
4

A
C
M q

12

The diagram represents an equilateral triangle ABC with sides of length 12 cm.

M is the midpoint of AC, and CT = 4 cm.

It is given that ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

CB = 3𝐩 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
MC = 𝒒.

a) Express, as simply as possible, in terms of p and /or q.

i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AC
ii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
CT
iii) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AT
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ .
iv) MB [4]
b) X is the point where BM intersects AT.
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑘MB
i) Given that MX ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , show that
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
AX = 3ℎ𝒑 + (ℎ + 1)𝒒.
ii) Given also that ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ , form an equation involving p, q ℎ and 𝑘. [3]
AX = 𝑘AT
iii) Use this equation to find the value of ℎ. [1]
iv) By using Pythagoras theorem in triangle AMB, calculate BM. [2]
Hence, write down the length of XM, giving your answer in
centimeters correct to one decimal place. [2]

SOLUTION

a)

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⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 2𝑀𝐶
i) 𝑃𝑀
= 2𝐪

4
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ =
ii) 𝐶𝑇 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐵
12
1
= (3𝐩)
3

=𝐩

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝐴𝐶
iii) 𝐴𝑇 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + 𝐶𝑇
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= 2𝐪 + 𝐩

iv) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑀𝐵 = 𝑀𝐶⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝐶𝐵
= 𝐪 + 3𝐩

b)

i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ + ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

𝐴𝑋 = 𝐴𝑀 𝑀𝑋
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
= 𝐪 + ℎ𝑀𝐵
= 𝐪 + ℎ(𝐪 + 3𝐩)
= 𝐪 + ℎ𝐪 + 3ℎ𝐩
= (1 + ℎ)𝐪 + 𝟑ℎ𝒑

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 𝑘𝐴𝑇
ii) 𝐴𝑋 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

= 𝑘(2𝐪 + 𝐩) [from a(iii)]

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= 2𝑘𝐪 + 𝑘𝐩

∴ (1 + ℎ)𝐪 + 𝟑ℎ𝒑 = 2𝑘𝐪 + 𝑘𝐩 [from (i)]

iii) 1 + ℎ = 2𝑘……..(1) [comparing coefficients of p and q]

3ℎ = 𝑘……..(2)

1 + ℎ = 6ℎ [substituting eqn. (2) in to (1)]

5ℎ = 1
𝟏
𝒉=
𝟓

iv) 𝐴𝑀 = 6 cm
𝐴𝐵 = 12 cm

(𝐴𝐵)2 = (𝐴𝑀)2 + (𝐵𝑀)2 [using Pythagoras theorem]

122 = 62 + (𝐵𝑁)2
𝐵𝑀 = √144 − 36
𝐵𝑀 = 10.39230485
𝐵𝑀 = 10.4 cm

(𝐶𝑀) = ℎ(𝐵𝑀) [from ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ]

𝑀𝑋 = ℎ𝑀𝐵
1
= (10.39230485)
5

= 2.078460969
= 𝟐. 𝟏 𝐜𝐦 (to 1 dp)

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4. Z

4p + 9q
V
-6p + 𝑐q

X
Y
8p

⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 8𝐩, XZ
In the diagram, XVZ is a straight line, XY ⃗⃗⃗⃗ = 4𝐩 + 9𝐪 and ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
YV = −6𝐩 + 𝑐𝐪.

i) Express ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
XV in terms of p, q and 𝑐. [2]
ii) Given that ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗ , form an equation involving p, q, ℎ and 𝑐.
XV = ℎXZ [3]
iii) The point K is outside the triangle XYZ such that
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −4𝐩 + 3𝐪.
XK
Is XK parallel to YV? Justify your answer. [2]

SOLUTION

i) ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑋𝑉 = ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑋𝑌 + 𝑌𝑉
= 8𝐩 + (−6𝐩 + 𝑐𝐪)
= 2𝐩 + 𝑐𝐪

⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = ℎ𝑋𝑍
ii) 𝑋𝑉 ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
2𝐩 + 𝑐𝐪 = ℎ(4𝐩 + 9𝐪)
= 4ℎ𝐩 + 9ℎ𝐪

2 = 4ℎ [comparing coefficients]
𝟏
𝒉=
𝟐
1
and hence, 𝑐 = 9ℎ = 9 ( )
2

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𝟗
𝒄=
𝟐

9
⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗ = −6𝐩 + 𝐪
iii) 𝑌𝑉
2
3
= (−4𝐩 + 3𝐪)
2
3
= ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝑋𝐾
2

∴ ⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗
𝒀𝑽//𝑿𝑲⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗⃗

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Sharewell B. C

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Galatians 3 vs. 7

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