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The minimum and maximum diameter of

sewers, generally adopted in design,
may be:-

This question was previously asked in

UKPSC AE Civil 2013 Official Paper II

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1. 15 cm and 100 mm

2. 15 cm and 300 mm

3. 25 cm and 450 mm

4. 60 cm and 300 mm

Answer (Detailed Solution Below)

Option 2 : 15 cm and 300 mm

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Detailed Solution Download Soln PDF

Explanation:

Sewer Design:

(i) The hydraulic design of sewers and drains,

which means finding out their sections and
gradients, is generally carried out on the same
lines as that of the water supply pipes.

Following points should be remembered

during the design:

Minimum diameter of a sewer is

150 mm. Other available diameters
are 200 mm and higher at
increments of 100 mm. So
maximum diameter of sewer is 300
mm
Take Manning’s coefficient to be 0.013.
The velocity in the sewer should be at
least 0.6 m/s at the present peak
flow. This is required to ensure that
particles are not deposited in sewers on
a permanent basis.
Maximum velocity in the sewer at no
time should be more than 3 m/s.
Manholes should be built at every
change of alignment, gradient or sewer
diameter.
For straight sewers of uniform diameter
and constant slope, cleaning manholes
should be provided every 100 m.
Main sewers should be connected to
trunk sewers (or, branch sewers should
connect main sewers), at angles ranging
from 30 to 90°. The center-line of the
smaller sewer should be at least 0.4 m
above the center-line of the larger sewer
at the manhole. This will ensure
dissipation of excess energy of water in
the smaller sewer.
Manholes are connected over the center-
line of the sewer. A minimum drop of
0.03 m is provided between center-line
of sewers entering and exiting
manholes.
The diameter of a sewer exiting a
manhole must always be greater than or
equal to diameter of the sewer entering
the manhole.
The top of a sewer entering a manhole
must never be at a lower elevation than
that of a sewer exiting the manhole.
Typical slopes in sewers vary from 1 per
1000 to 10 per 1000, with larger
diameter sewers having less slope.
Remember to put the least slope
possible, while ensuring that the
minimum velocity criterion is satisfied,
such that sewers do not go too far
underground.
Design of branch sewers is not required.
However, assume them to have a
uniform slope of 8 in 1000. This is
required to fix the levels of the main and
trunk sewers.
A sewer (branch, main or trunk) should
be at least 1 m below the ground
surface. This should be kept in mind
when fixing the depth of the main or the
trunk sewers.

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