Technological University(Myeik)

Department of Engineering Mathematics

Chapter (6)
Application of Definite Integral

Presented by
Dr. Aye Aye Khaing
EM.21003 Department of Engineering Mathematics
Engineering Mathematics III Technological University(Myeik)
Email : aakhaing@gmail.com
6.1 Volumes Using Cross-Sections
6.1 Volumes Using Cross-Sections

We present three different methods for obtaining the cross sections appropriate
to finding the volume of a particular solid:
 the method of slicing
 the disk method
 the washer method
Slicing by Parallel Planes
Example 1
A pyramid 3 m high has a square base that is 3 m on a side. The crosssection of the
pyramid perpendicular to the altitude x m down from the vertex is a square x m on a side.
Find the volume of the pyramid.

Solution:
For given period, high= 3𝑚, square base= 3𝑚 on a side
For the cross section of the pyramid,
The area of the cross section= 𝐴 𝑥 = 𝑥. 𝑥 = 𝑥 2
𝑏
Volume of the pyramid= 𝑉 = ‫𝑥𝑑 𝑥 𝐴 𝑎׬‬

3
3 𝑥3
𝑉= ‫׬‬0 𝑥 2 𝑑𝑥 =
3 0
=9𝑚3
Example 2

A curved wedge is cut from a circular cylinder of radius 3 by two planes. One plane is
perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. The second plane crosses the first plane at a
45° angle at the center of the cylinder. Find the volume of the wedge.
Solids of Revolution: The Disk Method

𝐴(𝑥) is the area of a disk of radius 𝑅 𝑥 .

2 2
𝐴 𝑥 = 𝜋 𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠 = 𝜋 𝑅(𝑥)
Volume by Disks for Rotation About the y-axis
𝑑 𝑑

𝑉 = න 𝐴 𝑦 𝑑𝑦 = 𝑉 = න 𝜋 𝑅(𝑦) 2 𝑑𝑦
𝑐 𝑐
Solids of Revolution: The Washer Method

Solid has a hole.

 Outer radius: R(x)
 Inner Radius: r(x)
The washer’s area is
Solids of Revolution: The Washer Method (Cont’d)

1. Draw the region and sketch a line segment across it perpendicular to the axis of revolution (the red
segment in Figure 6.14a).
2. Find the outer and inner radii of the washer that would be swept out by the line segment if it were
revolved about the x-axis along with the region.
These radii are the distances of the ends of the line segment from the axis of revolution
(Figure 6.14).
Example 9
Example 9 (Cont’d)
Example 10
Example 10 (Cont’d)
Exercise 6.1
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