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Group Assignment

Introduction to Management of Human Resources in Public Sector (MARA

Technological University Cawangan Sarawak)

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TITLE: HOW MINISTRY OF TOURISM MANAGE VISIT MALAYSIA YEAR 2020

PROGRAM: DIPLOMA OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (AM110)

FACULTY: SCIENCE ADMINISTRATIVE AND POLICIES STUDY

SUBJECT CODE: INTRODUCTION TO MANAGEMENT PRINCIPLES IN PUBLIC

SECTOR (PAD101)

CLASS: AM1101E

PREPARED FOR: SIR ABANG ZULHILMI BIN ABANG BOKHARI

PREPARED BY:

NAME STUDENT ID

AWANGKU MUHAMMAD RAZIN BIN (2022493172)

AWANGKU AHMADDIN

MOHAMMAD IZZAT ZULFAQAR BIN (2022677606)

HAZRID

MUHAMMAD AZIM BIN YUSOP (2022837612)

HARIZHAFIZI BIN SAUFI (2022499212)

MUHAMMAD AINUL HADIF BIN (2022642342)

HIPENI

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

NO. CONTENT PAGE NUMBER

1 INTRODUCTION 2

2 PLANNING 3

3 ORGANISING 4-5

4 DECISION MAKING 6-8

5 CONTROLLING 9-10

6 CONCLUSION 11

7 REFERENCES 12

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INTRODUCTION

Definition of tourism consists of social, cultural, and economic phenomena related to the
movement of individual to places outside of the normal environment. Tourism considered as
a strategic industry and had potential to contribute dynamically to the country’s economic
growth.

At the end 2019, whole world was shaken by the spread of disease known as coronavirus
2019 (Covid 19). Ministry of tourism, art and culture has set up a tourism rehabilitation
committee aimed at monitoring current developments and issues related to Covid 19. On
January 31,2020 World Health Organization declared a world emergency from the impact of
the outbreak of coronavirus disease.

Due to a pandemic that has hit our nation, the Ministry of Tourism had to cancel a trip to
Malaysia on March 18, 2020. The Ministry of Tourism is concerned about this because
tourism is one of the major sources of revenue for our nation. Due to the rising number of
COVID-19 cases and the negative impact they had on the tourism industry, the Ministry of
Tourism was forced to cancel the Visit Malaysia Campaign. One of the people involved in
this incident was Mr. Yap Sook Ling. Visit Malaysia 2020 should be put on hold, according to
the managing director of Asian Overland Services and Tour, and the Visit Malaysia Fund
would be put to use after the pandemic is over. Next, Mr. Nigel Wong made the decision not
to travel to Malaysia by waiting for the situation to change and proposing that the
government should concentrate on the domestic market.

Country has began to take important measures for safety and health of the community as well
to curb the outbreak of this disease from continuing to spread among the community.
Government has taken steps by implementing the mco in various sectors both privates and
governments.

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PLANNING

´Planning is the process of defining organisational goals, setting action and establishing
strategies and it’s a way to coordinate activities towards accomplishing and achieving
organisational goals. Planning is very important to maximise the use of all available
resources which results in increased efficiency.

Government has plan to implement the TRP under national tourism policy 2020-2030.Due to
the fact that no domestic foreign travel was permitted, the minister of tourism, arts, and
culture, Dato Sri nancy shukri, has planned to revitalise solely domestic tourism by providing
more imaginative vacation packages to visitors who are staying in this country through
internet platform. Through a variety of educational articles that are divided into categories
including adventure, wildlife, nature, islands and beaches, waterfalls, caverns and forests,
food, and family, among others, users may learn more about Malaysia.

The government also intends to improve governance capability. Malaysian tourism-related

organisations must change their government capability in order to capitalise on their core
skills in the tourism industry and enhance the delivery of competitive tourism goods and
memorable visitor experiences. They are highly responsible for the planning of proper land
use, infrastructure development , and economic regulations, impose legislator and other
facilities and public services to support the local economy and local community to make an
attractive place to live, to work and business.

The government also implement the Smart tourism. Smart tourism is characterised by the
technical capabilities of a certain location, attraction, or visitor. Many locations are currently
modernising their operations to integrate more smart technology, ranging from payment
systems to interactive activities. The ultimate goal of smart tourism is to improve resource
management efficiency, maximise competitiveness, and increase sustainability via the use of
technology innovations and practises. It is frequently related with e-tourism due to the usage
of technology. ‘tourists need to adapt with contactless travel such as cashless payment online
booking and contactless check

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ORGANISING

Organising is a process that starts the execution of plans by defining roles, collaborating with
others, and efficiently allocating resources to achieve the identified and intended results
(goals). As a result, it is a process that combines resources with human labour to create a
unified whole that may be used to accomplish predetermined goals. Organisation is a
managerial function, and the process of organisation refers to this role. To organise is to
harmonise, coordinate, or set up in a reasoned and systematic way. The next procedure is to
manage the enterprise's activities with a view to putting the plan into action and achieving the
organisational goals once the general and specific objectives have been established and a
method for achieving them has been specified. The management must determine the tasks
required to accomplish the objectives, group these tasks, and assign them to the departments.

The concept of organisational structure is work specialisation, which is sometimes called

division of work. Following the recent Movement Control Order (MCO) issued in the
aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ministry of Tourism decided to divide the work to
ensure the VM2020 went off without a hitch. The ministry of tourism gives specific tasks to
different sectors. For instance, tourist guides, travel operating businesses, tourist
accommodation premises, etc.

Departmentalization is already separated into multiple structures which are functional

structure, product structure, divisional structure, geographic structure, and matrix structure. In
tourism of Malaysia, they are commonly using product structure, functional structure and also
divisional structure. In product structure, each department is responsible for what they are
doing. This also applies to departments of tourism in Malaysia such as the wildlife and
national park department, agriculture department and forestry department. For instance, the
wildlife and national park department are responsible for the preservation of land, animals,
and habitats. Next, functional structure. In functional structure, it requires dedication to
determine the main duty that needs to be carried out to fulfil the organisational goals.
Everyone participates in one functional activity, such as marketing or finance etc. For
instance, every sector in tourism corporate with each sector to ensure that the VM2020 went
well without flaws. Apart from that, divisional structure is crucial if the product needs their
own marketing and is responsible for their own division’s marketing. Comparable to how the

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Ministry of Tourism designated a marketing expert to advertise VM 2020 globally and

incorporate the SOP into that marketing.

Other than that,the chain of command, which is in charge of the responsibility to complete
tasks efficiently, is also used by the Ministry of Tourism. the capability to complete the
specified task and the freedom to do so. For example, this hierarchy will be led by the pilot in
command (Captain), who has overall responsibility for the flight. The First Officer(s) and
senior Cabin Crew members normally follow this. This implies as a member of the cabin
crew, you must obey orders from those who are in a position of power over you. For instance,
you must abide by the directives of a Senior Crew member and may need to approach them
for assistance at any time while the flight is in progress. Futhermore, the number of workers
who report to a specific manager is known as the span of control. As a result, the range of
control is generally limited when the activities are extremely complicated, and vice versa.
Employees must notify their own department if they need to request anything in order to
work on a case.

Apart from that, in tourism it is a centralised organisation with responsibility from Integrity
Unit to Policy Division (Culture). Centralization is the term used to describe how much
power is concentrated at the top of an organisation. Because they are powerful, only a select
few people at the highest levels have control over it. Decisions are made at the highest level
as a result. However, there are disadvantages as well, such as the opportunity for criticism
and a lack of morals while making crucial choices. Next, A delegation is also essential for
planning in the tourism sector. The process of transferring ownership of a certain activity or
task to another employee within an organisation is known as delegation. In the tourist sector,
employees are given responsibilities; as a result, it is the employee's job to finish the task that
has been allocated. giving permission and creating responsibility.

Formalization is also seen in tourism. It speaks to how policies and procedures influence an
employee's conduct. Employees have more freedom to choose how they do their work when
formalisation is minimal in an organisation, and vice versa. For instance, a worker at a hotel
must wear appropriate clothing that has been arranged by the establishment.

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DECISION MAKING

Decision Making is the process of choosing a solution based on our judgement, situation,
facts, knowledge, or a combination of available data. The goal is to avoid potential
difficulties. Identifying opportunity is an important part of the decision-making process.
Making Decisions is often a part of problem-solving.

Decision-Making skills are important because they can help us navigate a variety of
situations that might come up at work. Decision Making can resolve many of the issues.
Decision-Making involves critical thinking. Decision-Making applies to all careers and
industries because it can help companies by resolving complex situations and problems,
employers typically value this skill in job candidates. They show you can think through
various scenarios and make sound decisions that are good for the company. For example, a
business may have multiple problems that all demand time and resources. A good manager or
leader can decide which problem to prioritise. That includes making numerous decisions as
part of the problem-solving process and then following through with steps to fix the problem.

Before making an important decision, the first step is to define the problem or issue. Once we
pinpointed the issue, we need to analyse it and think about what might have caused it. Try to
identify any smaller issue within the main problem. It’s important to understand the issue
before we start thinking about potential solutions and decisions. Having a clearly defined
problem can make it easier to make decisions later on in the process. Define or state our issue
in as specific terms as possible so it’s easy to understand. To determine the needs of the issue,
we might ask ourselves.:

What factors are contributing to this issue?

Who are the people involved with the issue?

When is this issue occurring?

Where is this issue taking place?

These questions can clarify information related to the issue to help us to understand the issue
as much as possible before moving forward with creating solutions.

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Strategy To Managing the issue in Decision Making

Tourism continues to be one of the sectors hardest hit by the coronavirus pandemic and the
outlook remains highly uncertain. OECD expects international tourism to fall by around 80%
in 2020.Destination that rely heavily on international, business and events tourism are
particularly struggling, with many coastal, regional and rural areas faring better than cities.
Encouraging news on vaccines has boosted hopes for recovery but challenges remain, with
the sector expected to remain in survival mode until well into 2021. Domestic tourism has
restarted and is helping to mitigate the impact on jobs and business in some destinations.
However, real recovery will only be possible when international tourism returns. This
requires global co-operation and evidence-based solutions so travel restrictions can be safely
lifted. The survival of business throughout the tourism ecosystem is at risk without continued
government support and although governments have taken impressive action to cushion the
blow to tourism, to minimise job losses and to build recovery in 2021 and beyond, more
needs to be done, and in a more coordinated way. Key policy priorities include:

· Restoring traveller confidence

· Supporting tourism businesses to adapt and survive

· Promoting domestic tourism and supporting safe return of international tourism

· Providing clear information to traveller, business and limiting uncertainty (to the
extent possible)

· Evolving response measures to maintain capacity in the sector and address gaps in
supports

· Strengthening cooperation within and between countries

· Building more resilient, sustainable tourism

While flexible policy solutions are needed to enable the tourism economy to live alongside
the virus in the short to medium term, it is important to look beyond this and take steps to
learn from the crisis, which has revealed gaps in government and industry preparedness and
response capacity. Coordinated action across governments at all levels and the private sector
is essential.

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The crisis is an opportunity to rethink tourism for the future. Tourism is at crossroads and the
measures put in place today will shape the tourism of tomorrow. Governments need to
consider the longer-term implications of the crisis, while capitalising on digitalization,
supporting the low carbon transition, and promoting the structural transformation needed to
build a stronger,more sustainable and resilient tourism economy.

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CONTROLLING

1. Definition of Control

· Control is to have the power to run something in an orderly way.

· To have power over something.

· The power to make decisions about how something is managed or done.

· The ability to direct the actions of someone or something.

· An act or instance of controlling.

· Control is largely associated with power and having the power to influence people,
decisions, or purposes.

2. The Importance of Controlling in Tourism

In recent years, control has evolved into an effective tool for corporate progress. Also,
in the tourism sector, it is necessary to monitor and evaluate the activities of the
company's subordinates. This work deals with the use and application of controls in
tourist facilities. Clarify the control philosophy, its goals, and tasks theoretically and
methodologically. It describes control measures and the potential for their effective
use under tourist conditions. Based on research in select travel agencies, we
summarise our findings and demonstrate the applicability of controls in travel agency
practice. The results of the study are recommendations to tourism companies for the
implementation of control measures in their business activities and their effective use.
Research confirms that management is an essential tool for effective business
management and should be implemented in large hotel complexes either as a
department itself or as an independent position of management. For smaller
institutions in this field, using a consulting firm in the area of management seems an
effective solution

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3. The Steps in The Controlling Tourism

Control in the public sector is a managerial activity and process that seeks to ensure the
elimination of waste, the effective use of human and material resources, and the protection of
employee interest and the general welfare in organisations. The first step in controlling
tourism is to analyse the decisions that are critical as well as to measure the actual state of the
controlling systems against them. Secondly, improved management control. There are a few
ways to improve management control which are setting a goal and establishing desired
objectives, measuring goals and objectives, taking corrective actions to eliminate variations,
and comparing the achieved goals and objectives with the original goals and original
objectives. Lastly, take corrective action. If the deviation from performance is unacceptable,
then corrective action is warranted but if the deviation is acceptable, no action is necessary.

4. Types of Control in the Tourism

· Pre-action Control: This is a preventive measure to check for problems in advance of their
formation. They are also known as pre-controls. Financial budgets and schedules are forms of
pre-action control. This is because when you know your financial resources, working within
them will be a control. The same applies to schedules.

· Corrective controls are put in place when errors or irregularities have been detected an
attempt to measure the results after control

· Concurrent control focuses on the transformation process to ensure that it is functioning

properly and to spot a problem as it develops and take corrective action before results are
achieved.

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CONCLUSION

In conclusion, the Ministry of Tourism have done all their effort to keep the country safe
from the disease. In other sights, lots of industries does not agree with the decision that been
made by the government. The reason why they disagree is because they will lose their
capability to increase the company profits and effect the their company growth.

In addition, this action was agreed by every country that have participated in visit Malaysia
2020. This action can prevent the virus from spreading in the entire world. Every government
of other country decided to take an action to stop the disease for their country safety. Even
though some of the citizen match the government as unwise leader because of the decision
that have been made cause the waste to the tourism industry that make a good preparation.

The moral values that can be learned from this discussion is that being a wise leader is
important, always care the citizen and country safety, good in making a right decision and the
most important is do not give up easily.

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REFERENCES
Visit Malaysia Year 20202
https://www.tourism.gov.my/campaigns/view/visit-malaysia-year
Tourism department in Malaysia
https://www.google.com.my/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.researchgate.net
%2Ffigure%2FGOVERNMENT-DEPARTMENTS-INVOLVE-TOURISM-
DEVELOPMENT-IN-MALAYSIA-Source-Modified-
from_fig1_227490451&psig=AOvVaw1OguIsXoARxhsvr4QoNj_T&ust=167238564690600
0&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CBAQjRxqFwoTCJCz_JSonvwCFQAAAAAdAAAAAB
AE
What is organising in management
https://www.economicsdiscussion.net/management/organizing/what-is-organizing-in-
management/32438
About MINISTRY OF TOURISM, ARTS AND CULTURE
https://www.motac.gov.my/en/
Example of chain of command
https://tourismteacher.com/what-is-the-chain-of-command-onboard-an-aircraft/
Tourism annual Report 2020
https://www.tourism.gov.my/annual-reports
Department of statistics Malaysia official portal
https://www.dosm.gov.my/v1/
Beginner guide to critical thinking and problem solving by (Pamela Hughes)

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