Taylor Ims11 Tif ch14

Introduction to Management Science, 11e (Taylor)
Chapter 14 Simulation
1) In computer mathematical simulation, a system is replicated with a mathematical model that is

analyzed with the computer.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1 Page Ref: 638
Section Heading: The Monte Carlo Process
Keywords: computer mathematical simulation
2) Monte Carlo is a technique for selecting numbers randomly from a probability distribution.
Answer: TRUE
Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation
3) The Monte Carlo process is analogous to gambling devices.

Answer: TRUE
4) In the Monte Carlo process, values for a random variable are generated by sampling from a
probability distribution.
Answer: TRUE
5) A long period of real time can be represented by a short period of simulated time.
Answer: TRUE
Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation, simulated time
6) Random numbers are equally likely to occur.

Answer: TRUE
Keywords: random numbers
7) Simulation results will always equal analytical results if 30 trials of the simulation have been
conducted.
Answer: FALSE
Keywords: steady state
1
Copyright © 2013 Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
8) It's often difficult to validate that the results of a simulation truly replicate reality.
Answer: TRUE
Keywords: simulation results
9) Simulation applies mathematical models to determine optimal solutions to business problems.

Answer: FALSE
Keywords: simulations
10) Validation of a simulation model occurs when the true steady state average results have been
reached.
Answer: TRUE
Keywords: simulations, computer simulation
11) Random numbers generated by a mathematical process instead of a physical process are
pseudorandom numbers.
Answer: TRUE
Section Heading: Computer Simulation with Excel Spreadsheets
12) Random numbers are typically generated on the computer using a numerical technique.
Answer: TRUE
13) A table of random numbers must be normally distributed and efficiently generated.
Answer: FALSE
14) When using Excel to simulate a system, it is necessary to compute only the probability (relative
frequency) distribution.
Answer: FALSE
Keywords: simulation with Excel
15) Excel can only be used to simulate systems that can be represented by continuous random variables.
Answer: FALSE
2
16) In Excel the VLOOKUP function is used to determine values for continuous random variables.
Answer: FALSE
17) Developing the cumulative probability distribution helps to determine random number ranges.
Answer: TRUE
Section Heading: Simulation of a Queuing System
Keywords: cumulative probability distribution
AACSB: Analytic skills
18) Starting conditions have no impact on the validity of a simulation model.

Answer: FALSE
Keywords: simulation results, starting conditions
19) Simulations should always be started with an empty system.

Answer: FALSE
Section Heading: Verification of the Simulation Model
20) Manual simulation is limited because of the amount of real time required to simulate even one trial.
Answer: TRUE
Keywords: manual simulation
21) Applications of simulation models reflecting continuous distributions are more common than those
of models employing discrete distributions.
Answer: TRUE
Section Heading: Continuous Probability Distributions
Keywords: continuous random variables
22) In a continuous probability function, the area under the curve represents the probability of
occurrence of the random variable.
Answer: TRUE
3
23) Cumulative probabilities are analogous to the discrete ranges of random numbers used in the Monte
Carlo process.
Answer: TRUE
24) Integrating a function from zero to any value of a random variable x is an important step in
determining the cumulative probability of that value of x.
Answer: TRUE
25) ________ is a technique for selecting numbers randomly from a probability distribution.
Answer: The Monte Carlo process
Section Heading: Monte Carlo Simulation
26) Developing the ________ probability distribution helps to determine random number ranges.
Answer: cumulative
Keywords: computer mathematical simulation
27) Random numbers of a mathematical process instead of a physical process are ________ numbers.
Answer: pseudorandom
Keywords: random numbers, pseudo random numbers
28) Simulation models must be ________ to make sure they are accurately replicating the system being
simulated.
Answer: validated or verified
Keywords: simulation models
29) A table of random numbers must be ________ distributed, efficiently generated, and absent of
patterns.
Answer: uniformly
4
30) The ________ command is used in generating the random numbers with Excel.
Answer: RAND( )
31) In order to determine the value of discrete demand in a simulation model using Excel, the ________
function is used to associate a specific value of demand with a random number.
Answer: VLOOKUP
32) ________ is a risk analysis and forecasting program that uses Monte Carlo simulation.
Answer: Crystal Ball
Section Heading: Crystal Ball
Keywords: computer simulation
33) ________, ________, and ________ are common applications of simulation.

Answer: There are many correct answers, including: queuing, inventory control,
production/manufacturing, finance, marketing, public service operations, environmental and resource
analysis
Diff: 2 Page Ref: 667-667
Section Heading: Areas of Simulation Application
Keywords: simulation
34) In the Monte Carlo process, values for a random variable are generated by sampling from a(n)
________.
Answer: probability distribution
35) A long period of real time is represented by a short period of ________.

Answer: simulated time
36) The Monte Carlo process is analogous to and derives its name from ________.
Answer: gambling devices
5
37) ________ are numbers equally likely to be chosen from a large population of numbers.
Answer: Random numbers
38) A random number table features numbers that are derived from a(n) ________ process.
Answer: artificial
39) Consider the following distribution and random numbers:
If a simulation begins with the first random number, what would the first simulation value would be
________.
Answer: 2
6
The drying rate in an industrial process is dependent on many factors and varies according to the
following distribution.
40) Determine the drying time for these 5 random numbers: 0.13, 0.09, 0.19, 0.81, and 0.12.
Answer:

41) Determine the drying time for these 5 random numbers: 0.53, 0.95, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.07.
Answer:

Keywords: simulation of a queuing system
7
42) The drying rate in an industrial process is dependent on many factors and varies according to the
What is the average drying time if you simulate 10 trials using these random numbers:
0.13, 0.09, 0.19, 0.81, 0.12, 0.53, 0.95, 0.97, 0.96, and 0.07.
Answer: 14.3
43) Determine the random number ranges for the data set (start with 00).
Demand Frequency
5 0.15
6 0.3
7 0.25
8 0.15
9 0.15
Answer:
Random
Demand
Number Ranges
5 00-14
6 15-44
7 45-69
8 70-84
9 85-99

Keywords: random number ranges
8
44) Given the following random number ranges and the following random number sequence: 62, 13, 25,
40, 86, 93, determine the average demand for the following distribution of demand.
Random
Demand
Number Ranges
5 00-14
6 15-44
7 45-69
8 70-84
9 85-99
Answer: 42/6 = 7
Keywords: random numbers, random number ranges
45) If f(x) = 2x, what is the equation for generating x, given the random number r?
Answer: x =
46) The drying rate in an industrial process is dependent on many factors and varies according to the
Compute the mean drying time.

Answer: 4.38
Keywords: mean, expected value
9
47) A normal distribution has a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 50. A manager wants to
simulate two values from this distribution and has drawn these random numbers: -0.6 and 1.4. What are
the two values, respectively?
Answer: 470 and 570
Keywords: normal distribution
48) The number of cars arriving at Joe Kelly's oil change and tune-up place during the last 200 hours of
operation is observed to be the following:
Determine the probability distribution of car arrivals.

Answer:
Number of
Probability of
Cars
Occurrence
Arriving
4 .05
5 .15
6 .35
7 .25
8 .20

Keywords: probability distribution
10
49) The number of cars arriving at Joe Kelly's oil change and tune-up place during the last 200 hours of
operation is observed to be the following:
Based on the above frequencies, use two-digit random numbers, start with random number 00, and
determine the random number ranges for the data set given above.
Answer:
Number of
Random Number
Cars
of Ranges
Arriving
4 00-04
5 05-19
6 20-54
7 55-79
8 80-99

11
50) Consider the following manual simulation of machine breakdowns and repair.
Time between
breakdowns, Repair time, Cost
Breakdowns x (weeks) y (days) ($2,000 y)
1 4 1 $2000
2 5.7 2 $4000
3 5.5 2 $4000
4 2.5 1 $2000
5 5.2 2 $4000
6 5.8 2 $4000
7 1.6 1 $2000
8 2.3 2 $4000
9 1.2 2 $4000
10 3.3 2 $4000
What operating charactistics can be obtained from this simulation?

Answer: Average time between breakdowns, average repair time, average cost. Depending on the
length of the simulation run (quarterly, annual), total breakdowns and costs per time period could also be
determined.
51) George Pourbabaee owns a gas station. The cars arrive at the gas station according to the following
inter-arrival time distribution. The time to service a car is given by the following service time
distribution.
Interarrival
Random Service Time Random
time (in P(X) P (X)
Numbers (in minutes) Numbers
minutes)
4 .35 00-34 2 .30 00-29
7 .25 35-59 4 .40 30-69
10 .30 60-89 6 .20 70-89
20 .10 90-99 8 .10 90-99
Using the following random number sequence: 92, 44, 15, 97, 21, 80, 38, 64, 74, 08, estimate the
average customer waiting time, average idle time of the assistant, and the average time a car spends in
the system.
Answer: Average idle time: 23/5 = 4.6 minutes
Average waiting time = 7/5 = 1.4 minutes
Average time in the system = 6.2 minutes
52) An answering service for a doctor's office wants to evaluate the service by simulation calls. They
12
used past data to determine the distributions for the time between calls and the time spent on the phone
with patients.
Use the table below to manually simulate 8 calls. The time of the call and the service time have already
been determined.
Customer Operator
Customer Time of Time call Service Time call
Wait Wait
Number Call answered Time ends
Time Time
1 15 15 25 40 0 15
2 45 45 25 70 0 5
3 70 15
4 95 45
5 125 15 155
6 150 35
7 175 190 25 15 0
8 205 25 240 10 0
Calculate the average waiting time per customer.

Calculate the utilization of the operator.
Answer:
Customer Operator
Arrival Time of Timecall Service Time call
Wait Wait
Number Call answered Time end
Time Time
1 15 15 25 40 0 15
2 45 45 25 70 0 5
3 70 70 15 85 0 0
4 95 95 45 140 0 10
5 125 140 15 155 15 0
6 150 155 35 190 5 0
7 175 190 25 215 15 0
8 205 215 25 240 10 0
Average waiting time per customer = 5.625 minutes

Utilization of operator = 87.5%
Keywords: manual simulation, operating characteristics
13
A graduate research assistant "moonlights" at the short order counter in the student union snack bar in
the evenings. He is considering asking for help taking orders, but needs to convince the management
that they should hire another student. Because he is taking a simulation class, he thinks it may be the
perfect way to convince management to hire more help if he can show that customers have to wait a
long time. When a customer arrives, he takes their order and their payment, prepares the food, gives it to
the customer, and then takes the order from the next person in line. If someone arrives while he's
cooking an order, they have to wait until he's completed the current order. He is working on the
simulation and a portion is shown below.
53) Complete the table below and determine the average customer wait time.
Time Order Customer Customer

Customer Time of
Order Prep Receives Wait
Number Arrival
Taken Time Food Time
1 2 2 4 6 0
2 14 14 7
3 19 6
4 28 8
5 33 4
Answer:
Customer Time of
Number Arrival
1 2 2 4 6 0
2 14 14 7 21 0
3 19 21 6 27 2
4 28 28 8 36 0
5 33 36 4 40 3
Average wait time = 1 minute

Keywords: manual simulation, operating characteristics
14
54) Complete the table and determine the average customer waiting time and the utilization of the cook.
Time Order Customer Customer Cook

Customer Time of
Order Prep Receives Wait "Idle"
Number Arrival
Taken Time Food Time TIme
1 2 2 4 6 0 2
2 14 14 7
3 19 6
4 28 8
5 33 4
Complete the table and determine the average customer waiting time and the utilization of the cook.
Answer:
Customer Time of
Number Arrival
Taken Time Food Time TIme
1 2 2 4 6 0 2
2 14 14 7 21 0 8
3 19 21 6 27 2 0
4 28 28 8 36 0 1
5 33 36 4 40 3 0
Average customer waiting time = 1 minute, utilization = 72.5%

15
55) Assume that order prep time is based on the following distribution:
Prep Time Probability

3 .10
4 .20
5 .25
6 .20
7 .15
8 .10
Complete the following table given that the random numbers for order prep time for customers 3, 4, and
5 are 62, 93, and 26, respectively.

Arrival Time of
Number Arrival
Taken Time Food Time Time
1 1 1 4 5 0 1
2 5 5 7 12 0 0
3 7
4 10
5 18
What is the average customer waiting time and the graduate student's utilization?
Answer:
Arrival Time of
Number Arrival
Taken Time Food Time Time
1 1 1 4 5 0 1
2 5 5 7 12 0 0
3 7 12 6 18 5 0
4 10 18 8 26 8 0
5 18 26 4 30 8 0
Average wait time = 4.2 minutes; utilization = 96.67%

Keywords: manual simulation, utilization
16
A business professor wishes to model the duration of his commute through the busy streets of
Bangalore. He decides to model it based on the number of auto-rickshaws that he passes during the first
ten minutes of the drive. The continuous probability distribution 7x - 2 serves as a good model.
56) What is the integral from 0 to 4 for this distribution?

Answer: The integral is 3.5x2 - 2x. When evaluated at 4 and 0, the values are 48 and 0, resulting in

Keywords: continuous probability distributions, continuous random variables
After plowing through contracts for a decade, the contract writer knew about how long it took to crank
out the material necessary to satisfy a contract's requirements. The distribution could be modeled using
the data provided in this table.
Number of Random Number

Weeks Range
2 0-5
3 6-15
4 16-35
5 36-80
6 81-99
57) If the first four random numbers are 17, 33, 64, and 8, what is the average number of weeks?
Answer: The lookups are 4, 4, 5, and 3, for an average of 16/4 = 4 weeks.
Keywords: Monte Carlo simulation.
58) If each contract is worth $4000 but it costs $200 per week to work on a contract, what is the profit
resulting from a simulation drawing of the numbers 72, 36, 8, 71, and 94?
Answer: $15,200 is the profit; revenues are $20,000 and expenses are 24 weeks @ $200/week
59) If the ten numbers generated are 87, 84, 99, 18, 81, 75, 32, 87, 46, and 35, what is the resultant
expected average completion time?
Answer: The average completion time is 5.2 weeks.
17
60) If each contract is worth $5000 but it costs $300 per week to work on a contract, what is the profit
resulting from a simulation drawing of the numbers 72, 36, 8, 71, and 94 to represent contract durations?
Answer: The total expenses are $7200 and the total revenue is 5 ∗ $5000, for a profit of $17,800.
A newsboy sells newspapers and his goal is to maximize profit. He kept a record of his sales for 125
days with the following result:
Newspapers Number
demand per day of days
15 10
16 20
17 42
18 31
19 12
20 10
Total 125
His ordering policy is to order an amount each day that is equal to the previous day's demand.
A newspaper costs the carrier 50 cents and he sells it for $1.00. Unsold papers are returned and he
receives 25 cents (for a loss of 25 cents).
18
61) Develop the cumulative distribution table and the corresponding random numbers.
Newspapers
Number of Cumulative
demanded Probability
Days Probability
per day
15 10
16 20
17 42
18 31
19 12
20 10
Total
Answer:
Newspapers
demanded Number
per day of days Pr Cum Pr.
15 10 0.08 0.08
16 20 0.16 0.24
17 42 0.336 0.58
18 31 0.248 0.82
19 12 0.096 0.92
20 10 0.08 1.00
Total 125

19
62) Use the information and random numbers given in the table below to simulate the sale of
newspapers for 10 days.
Random Quantity Unsatisfied Unsold

Day Demand Sales
Number Ordered Demand Papers
1 .78 18
2 .43
3 .93
4 .87
5 .48
6 .84
7 .87
8 .27
9 .20
10 .52
After completing the simulation, determine his total revenue for the ten days as well as monetary losses
that result from unmet demand and unsold papers.
Answer:
Random Quantity Unsatisfied Unsold
Day Demand Number Ordered Sales Demand papers
1 18 0.78 18 18 0 0
2 17 0.43 18 17 0 1
3 20 0.93 17 20 3 0
4 19 0.87 20 19 0 1
5 17 0.48 19 17 0 2
6 19 0.84 17 19 2 0
7 19 0.87 19 19 0 0
8 17 0.27 19 17 0 2
9 16 0.2 17 16 0 1
10 17 0.52 16 17 1 0
Total 179 6 7
Revenue $179.00
Cost of
unsold
papers $1.75
Cost of
unmet
demand $3.00

20
63) Analogue simulation replaces a physical system with an analogous physical system that is ________
to manipulate.
A) harder
B) easier
C) equally difficult
D) more expensive
Answer: B
Keywords: Analogue simulation, Monte Carlo simulation
64) ________ is a technique for selecting numbers randomly from a probability distribution.
A) Marseille
B) Monaco
C) Monte Carlo
D) Analogue simulation
Answer: C
65) In the Monte Carlo process, values for a random variable are generated by ________ a probability
distribution.
A) sampling from
B) running
C) integrating
D) implementing
Answer: A
66) The ________ process is analogous to gambling devices.

A) Simulation
B) Monte Carlo
C) Monaco
D) none of the above
Answer: B
21
67) ________ numbers are numbers derived from a mathematical process that appear to be random.
A) Random
B) Pseudorandom
C) Randomized
D) Semi-random
Answer: B
Keywords: pseudorandom numbers
68) Pseudorandom numbers exhibit a ________ in order to be considered truly random.

A) limited number of possible outcomes
B) uniform distribution
C) detectable pattern
D) detectable run of certain numbers
Answer: B
Keywords: pseudorandom numbers
69) ________ is not part of a Monte Carlo simulation.

A) Analyzing results
B) Analyzing a real problem
C) Finding an optimal solution
D) Evaluating the results
Answer: C
70) A seed value is a(n)

A) steady state solution of a simulation experiment.
B) number used to start a stream of random numbers.
C) first run of a simulation model.
D) analytic solution of a simulation experiment.
Answer: B
Section Heading: Crystal Ball
71) In assigning random numbers to probabilistic events in a simulation,

A) several events are associated with the same random number.
B) every random number is associated with a particular event.
C) every event is associated with the same random number.
D) the events dictate the seed number of the random number stream.
Answer: B
22
72) ________ are the values that express the state of the system being modeled at the beginning of the
Monte Carlo simulation.
A) Outputs
B) Random events
C) Initial conditions
D) Random numbers
Answer: C
73) Simulation does not usually provide recommended decisions. Instead it provides
A) operating characteristics.
B) optimal solutions.
C) realistic results.
D) system parameters.
Answer: A
Keywords: simulation models, optimal solutions
74) For the following frequency distribution of demand, the random number 0.23 would be interpreted
as a demand of:
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Answer: A
23
Consider the following frequency of demand and random numbers:
Random numbers: 0.13, 0.81, 0.53.
75) If the simulation begins with the first random number, the simulated value for demand would be:
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
Answer: A
76) If the simulation begins with the second random number, the simulated value for demand would be:
A) 1
B) 2
C) 3
D) 4
Answer: C
77) If the simulation begins with the third random number, the simulated value for demand would be:
A) 0
B) 1
C) 2
D) 3
E) 4
Answer: C
24
78) Which of the following would not be considered a limitation of simulation modeling?
A) Models are typically unstructured.
B) Validation of simulation models can be difficult.
C) The cost of building simulation can be prohibitive.
D) Simulation allows flexibility in analyzing systems.
Answer: D
Keywords: simulation models, limitations
79) Simulations are normally done

A) manually.
B) in a casino.
C) by a spreadsheet.
D) on the computer.
Answer: D
Keywords: computer simulation
80) Random numbers generated by a ________ process instead of a ________ process are
pseudorandom numbers.
A) physical, physical
B) physical, mathematical
C) mathematical, physical
D) mathematical, mathematical
Answer: C
81) A table of random numbers must be

A) in descending order.
B) efficiently generated.
C) normally distributed.
D) in ascending order.
Answer: B
82) Developing the cumulative probability distribution helps to determine

A) simulation numbers.
B) data sets.
C) random number ranges.
D) mean of the distribution.
Answer: C
Keywords: cumulative probability distribution
25
A graduate research assistant "moonlights" at the short order counter in the student union snack bar in
the evenings. He is considering asking for help taking orders, but needs to convince the management
that they should hire another student. Because he is taking a simulation class, he thinks it may be the
perfect way to convince management to hire more help if he can show that customers have to wait a
long time. When a customer arrives, he takes their order and their payment, prepares the food, gives it to
the customer, and then takes the order from the next person in line. If someone arrives while he's
cooking an order, they have to wait until he's completed the current order. He has simulated 5 orders.

Customer Time of
Number Arrival
1 2 2 4 6 0
2 14 14 7
3 19 6
4 28 8
5 33 4
83) Average customer waiting time is:

A) 1 minute
B) 2 minutes
C) 2.5 minutes
D) 3 minutes
Answer: A
Keywords: manual simulation, waiting time
84) Average utilization is:

A) 67%
B) 72.5%
C) 83.4%
D) 95%
Answer: B
85) ________ simulation is limited because of the amount of real time required to simulate even one
trial.
A) Manual
B) Monte Carlo
C) Monaco
D) Any kind of
Answer: A
26
86) If the probability of an event is 0.36, what random number range specifies this properly?
A) 0.10 - 0.20
B) 0.20 - 0.30
C) 0.30 - 0.40
D) 0.40 - 0.50
Answer: C
87) Sometimes manual simulation of several trials is ________ way to validate a simulation.
A) a good
B) a bad
C) no
D) the only
Answer: A
88) Unlike optimization models, simulation provides

A) recommendations.
B) operating characteristics.
C) suggestions.
D) solutions .
Answer: B
Keywords: operating characteristics
89) A limitation of simulation is that

A) models are typically well-structured and must be developed for problems that are also well-
structured.
B) it is usually possible to realistically validate simulation results.
C) model building is costly and time-consuming.
D) it is more difficult to manipulate the elements of a computer simulation than the actual system.
Answer: C
Keywords: simulation models
27
The U.S. Department of Agriculture estimates that the yearly yield of limes per acre is distributed as
follows:
Yield, bushels
Probability
per acre
350 .10
400 .18
450 .50
500 .22
The estimated average price per bushel is $16.80.
90) What is the expected yield of the crop?

A) 425
B) 442
C) 440
D) 475
Answer: B
Keywords: expected value
91) Use the following random numbers to simulation crop yield for 10 years: 37, 23, 92, 01, 69, 50, 72,
12, 46, 81. What is the estimated crop yield from the simulation?
A) 425
B) 442
C) 440
D) 475
Answer: C
28
A bakery is considering hiring another clerk to better serve customers. To help with this decision,
records were kept to determine how many customers arrived in 10-minute intervals. Based on 100 10-
minute intervals, the following probability distribution and random number assignments developed.
Number of Random
Probability
Arrivals numbers
6 .1 .01 - .10
7 .3 .11 - .40
8 .3 .41 - .70
9 .2 .71 - .90
10 .1 .91 - .00
92) Suppose the next three random numbers were .18, .89 and .67. How many customers would have
arrived during this 30-minute period?
A) 22
B) 23
C) 24
D) 25
Answer: C
93) Suppose the next three random numbers were .08, .50 and .69. How many customers would have
arrived during this 30-minute period?
A) 22
B) 23
C) 24
D) 25
Answer: A
94) Suppose the next three random numbers were .11, .42 and .84. Use these values to simulate arrivals
into the bakery and determine the average number of arrivals per 10-minute period based on these
occurrences. The average number of arrivals per 10-minute period is:
A) 6
B) 7
C) 8
D) 9
Answer: C
29
Two hundred simulation runs were completed using the probability of a machine breakdown from the
table below. The average number of breakdowns from the simulation trials was 1.93 with a standard
deviation of 0.20.
No. of
Cumulative
breakdowns Probability
probability
per week
0 .10 .10
1 .25 .35
2 .36 .71
3 .22 .93
4 .07 1.00
95) What is the probability of 2 or fewer breakdowns?

A) .25
B) .35
C) .36
D) .71
Answer: D
96) What is the probability that there are more than 3 breakdowns?
A) .07
B) .10
C) .22
D) .25
Answer: A
97) Construct a 95% confidence interval for the average number of machine breakdowns.
A) 1.896 to 1.938
B) 1.902 to 1.958
C) .1.877 to 1.943
D) 1.907 to 1.953
Answer: B
Section Heading: Statistical Analysis of Simulation Results
30
98) A 95% confidence interval is (54.5, 57.5) based on a sample size of 25. What is the sample standard
deviation?
A) 3.826
B) 19.132
C) 8.973
D) 11.646
Answer: A
Keywords: confidence interval
99) What is the 95% confidence interval width for a sample with a mean of 50 and a standard deviation
of 14 based on 75 observations?
A) (44.13, 55.87)
B) (46.83, 53.17)
C) (40.67, 59.32)
D) (48.22, 51.78)
Answer: B
Keywords: confidence interval
100) The use of simulation to determine the impact of projects such as nuclear power plants, reservoirs
and dams is known as
A) public service operation.
B) environmental and resource analysis.
C) cost benefit analysis.
D) project management.
Answer: B
Keywords: simulation applications
101) The use of simulation to analyze airport operations, and fire or police department operations are
known as
A) public service operation.
B) environmental and resource analysis.
C) cost benefit analysis.
D) operations management.
Answer: A
Keywords: simulation applications
31

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Introduction to Management Science, 11e (Taylor)

1) In computer mathematical simulation, a system is replicated with a mathematical model that is

3) The Monte Carlo process is analogous to gambling devices.

6) Random numbers are equally likely to occur.

9) Simulation applies mathematical models to determine optimal solutions to business problems.

18) Starting conditions have no impact on the validity of a simulation model.

19) Simulations should always be started with an empty system.

33) ________, ________, and ________ are common applications of simulation.

35) A long period of real time is represented by a short period of ________.

39) Consider the following distribution and random numbers:

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 640

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 630

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 640

Compute the mean drying time.

Determine the probability distribution of car arrivals.

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 630

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 639

What operating charactistics can be obtained from this simulation?

Calculate the average waiting time per customer.

Average waiting time per customer = 5.625 minutes

Time Order Customer Customer

Average wait time = 1 minute

Time Order Customer Customer Cook

Average customer waiting time = 1 minute, utilization = 72.5%

Prep Time Probability

Time Order Customer Customer Cook

Average wait time = 4.2 minutes; utilization = 96.67%

56) What is the integral from 0 to 4 for this distribution?

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 652

Number of Random Number

Diff: 2 Page Ref: 640

Random Quantity Unsatisfied Unsold

Diff: 3 Page Ref: 642

66) The ________ process is analogous to gambling devices.

68) Pseudorandom numbers exhibit a ________ in order to be considered truly random.

69) ________ is not part of a Monte Carlo simulation.

70) A seed value is a(n)

71) In assigning random numbers to probabilistic events in a simulation,

Random numbers: 0.13, 0.81, 0.53.

79) Simulations are normally done

81) A table of random numbers must be

82) Developing the cumulative probability distribution helps to determine

Time Order Customer Customer

83) Average customer waiting time is:

84) Average utilization is:

88) Unlike optimization models, simulation provides

89) A limitation of simulation is that

The estimated average price per bushel is $16.80.

90) What is the expected yield of the crop?

95) What is the probability of 2 or fewer breakdowns?

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33) , , and are common applications of simulation.