Download Testbook App Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Questions Reape ee Start Complete Exam Preparation ioc Dead ) Mastercl Question 1: View this Question Online > What is in situ conservation method of biodiversity? 1. It concerns with the conservation of species in botanic gardens and captive breeding programmes. 2. It concerns with the conservation areas as ‘warehouses’ of biological information. 3. Itconcems with the cryopreservation of gametes. 4. More than one of the above 5. None of the above - _ (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: It concems with the conservation areas as ‘warehouses’ of biological information.coaching India's Super Teachers for all govt. exams Under One Roof ees Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 1 Detailed Solution The correct answer is It concerns with the conservation areas as ‘warehouses’ of biological information. Key Points + In situ conservation is a method of conservation wherein efforts are directed 10 preserve species in their natural habitats where they occur. + Itis considered the best way of biodiversity conservation and inéltides the establishment of national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, reserved and protected forests, and wetlands. * This Is because It allows the ongoing process of evolution and adaptation within their environments. * The goal of in situ conservation is to Maintain healthy and natural populations of species in the wild + Ex-situ conservation, which translates to “off-site conservation: is 2 strategy of biodiversity preservation where various species are conserved outside their natural habitats + These methods include zoos, botanical gardens, seed banks, DNA banks, breeding programs, and in vitro plant tissue and cell cultures among others. + These facilities provide suitable living conditions and care to ensure the survival and reproduction of species + For instance, botanical gardens maintain collections of endangered plants for research and education + Seed banks play a crucial role in ex-situ conservation as they store diverse genetic material allowing us to preserve and reintroduce species in case of loss in the wild due to environmental changes, disease, or human influence. + Animal breeding programs involve carefully planned pairings to increase population size while maintaining genetic diversity. + Options 1, 3, and 4 are a part of the ex-situ conservation strategy. oo eeeee esr Start Complete Exam Preparation Cee ees Maro ea aaa Ga Ra Download App Question 2: View this Question Online > Extinct, critically endangered and vulnerable are the categories assigned to the species by: 1. UNO 2. IUCN 3. FAO. : A... than one of the above 5. None of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2 : UCN Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 2 Detailed Solution The correct answer is IUCN. + IUCN stands for International Union for Conservation of NatureInternational Union for Conservation of Nature is the agency responsible for publishing Information about endangered species worldwide, , Extinct, critically endangered, and vulnerable are the Categories assigned to the species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature. * Intemational Union for Conservation of Nature'is founded on 5" October 1948. + The headquarter is in Gland, Switzerland: » Itis focusing on nature vation. © Jullan Huxley is the nage International Union for Conservation of Nature. est + IUCN has a crucial role ing the World Wide Fund for Nature + Dr. Bruno Oberle is the current director-general of IUCN + UNO stands for United Nations Organization. = UNO is an intergovernmental association established to maintain worldwide peace and security. + UNO was established in 1945. + Headquarters is in New York City. + FAO stands for the Food and Agriculture Organization. = FAQis a specialized agency of the United Nations to defeat hunger and improve nutrition and food security worldwide. * FAO was established on 16" October 1945. + The headquarters is in Rome, Italy. + UNEP stands for United Nations Environment Programme. = UNEP is responsible for coordinating the United Nations environmental activities. * UNEP was established on 5'" June 1972. + The headquarters is in Nairobi, Kenya. Pape taco) ae Start Complete Exam Preparation ene Etta cS Ge Download App Question 3: View this Question Online > Which of the following is considered a "Hotspot of biodiversity in India"? 1. Aravalli Hills 2. Western Ghats 3. ~~ 4. More than one of the above5. None of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Western Ghats Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 3 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Western Ghats. © Key Points * A biodiversity hotspot is a biogeographic region with significant levels of biodiversity that is threatened by human habitation. + There are 4 biodiversity hotspots in India- = Himalaya:- 5 = Includes the entire Indian Himalayan region (and that falling in Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutag,China, and Myanmar). = Indo-Burma:- ‘ * Includes entire Nofth-castern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (anc mar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, and southern China) + Sundalands:- * Includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines), = The Westem Ghats and Sri Lanka * Includes entire Westem Ghats (and Sri Lanka). Hence option 2 is correct. = The Western Ghats are @ mountain range running parallel along the western coast of India starting from Gujarat and ending in Tamil Nadu covering the states of Maherashtra, Goa, Kamataka, and Kerala. Eee ae eo) Start Complete Exam Preparation ieee Pied Dea reir Crested eters jownload App Question 4: View this Question Online > What is in situ conservation method of biodiversity? 1. It concerns with the conservation of species in botanic gardens and captive breedingprogrammes. uw NM: 2. Itconcems with the conservati areas arehouses’ of biological information. 3. Itconcerns with Ss a of gametes. 4 yo ti f the above None of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2 : It concems with the conservation areas as ‘warehouses’ of biological information. Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 4 Detailed Solution The correct answer is It concerns with the conservation areas as ‘warehouses’ of biological information. © Key Points + In situ conservation is a method of conservation wherein efforts are directed to preserve species in their natural habitats where they occur. + It is considered the best way of biodiversity conservation and includes the establishms national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, biosphere reserves, reserved and protected wetlands. + This is because it allows the ongoing process of evolution and adaptati i environments. * The goal of in situ conservation is to maintain healthy and ni s of species in the wild. © Additional Information XO + Ex-situ conservation, which translates to" servation, is @ strategy of biodiversity preservation where various s are ed outside their natural habitats. + These methods include zo jcal gardens, seed banks, DNA banks, breeding programs, and in vitro plant tissue and ffbres among others. * These facilities provide suitable living conditions and care to ensure the survival and reproduction of species. + For instance, botanical gardens maintain collections of endangered plants for research and education. + Seed banks play a crucial role in ex-situ conservation as they store diverse genetic material, allowing us to preserve and reintroduce species in case of loss in the wild due to environmental changes, disease, or human influence. + Animal breeding programs involve carefully planned pairings to increase population size while maintaining genetic diversity. * Options 1, 3, and 4 are a part of the ex-situ conservation strategy.#1 Learning Platform PS lame eee Le oes Cie aed aie oes ets Download App Question 5: View this Question Online > “Kaziranga” the famous Sanctuary of Assam is famous for 1. Rhinos 2. Tiger 3. Lion 4. More than one of the above 5. None of the above i (Qetaifed Solution Below) tion 1: Rhinos Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 5 Detailed Solution National Park: + Anational park is an area dedicated to the conservation of wildlife along with its environment. + Itis usually a small reserve covering an area of about 100 to 500 km?. + Within biosphere reserves, one or more national parks may also exist. © Key Points + Kaziranga National Park is located in Assam. » Kazir National Park is one of India’s oldest reserve area:a ee ee ee + The park is administered by the forest department of the Assam State Government. * Kaziranga national park is famous for being the world's largest habitat for the great one- homed rhinos. + Itwas declared @ World Heritage Site by UNESCO in 1985. Thus, "Kaziranga’ the famous Sanctuary of Assam is famous for rhinos. ©; Additional Information The following National parks are most famous in India: Famous Prominent [ National Parks | ‘C807 | animal ys Jim Corbett Royal Bengal National Park | Uttarakhand Tiger i ‘Onehomed as Kaziranaratione®52" | thinoceros Gir Netional ‘aticih é Nee Gujarat | Asiatic lion % ‘ West | Royal Bengal ~ ‘SunderbiasiNatlorengal Tiger ‘ : Royal Bengal | : SariskB ational Paasthan Tiger \~ Kanha National] Madhya xz Park Pradesh | Swamp dee Ranthambore Ep National Park | Ralasthan Tiger Bandipur ; Neionarpark |Kamataka| Tiger Tadoba Andhari ‘i National Park | Maharash os Leopard, Namdapha | Arunachal : National Park | Pradesh |l0uded leopard, Tiger Manas National Pygmy Hog, Park Assam | Water buffalo Dachigam | Jammu & ; National Park | Kashmir | Kashmirsteg Hemis National Jammu) gow tegpard Park Kashmir] PBOteens Periyar National eh Kerala Elephant eee ea AS la CB cl M ele) Pee cadDownload App ‘Question 6 , ‘View this Question online > In which year was Project Tiger launched? 1. 2004-05 a 3, 2013-514 4. 1973-74 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: 1973-74 Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 6 Detailed Solution ‘\ The correct answer is 1973-74. + In the year 1973, the Project Tiger was launched to protect the diminishing tiger population. * It was launched in order to ensure the conservation of the national animal of the country, tiger. \ + The main objective is to ensure a healthy population of tigers in India. + The National Tiger Conservation Authority is the administering body of this program. + In 2022, 53rd tiger reserve in India was declared in Ranipur Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Pradesh, and the State's fourth tiger reserva, ‘ditional Inf \ Project Started Project Tiger 1973 Project sea turtle 1995 Project Snow Leopard 2009 Project Elephant 992Project Dolphin [1997 | Pape Peery Start Complete Exam Preparation Deans Question 7 View this Question Online > Which among the following places come under UNESCO World Heritage Site's list? 1. Jim Corbett National Park ~ 2. Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks 3. Rajaji National Park 4. None of the above Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2 : Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 7 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Nanda Devi and Valley of Flowers National Parks. © Key Points + India’s Valley of Flowers National Park is renowned for its meadows of endemic alpine flowers and outstanding natural beauty. + Itis located in the Chamoli District of Uttarakyend. * This richly diverse area home to rare and endangered animals, including the Asiatic black bear, snow leopard, brown bear, and blue sheep. + The gentle landscape of the Valley of Flowers National Park complements the rugged mountain wilderness of Nanda Devi National Park. Together they encompass a unique transition zone between the mountain ranges of the Zanskar and Great Himalaya. + The Nanda Devi National Park is renowned for its remote mountain wilderness, dominated byIndias secona-nighest mountain at /,o1/ M. rd Inds #1 Leeming Platform Start Complete Exam Preparation Cee rahe ear Poser (resins EX Question 8 View this Question Online > In which of the following places is the Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre located? 1. Pushkar 2. Pinjore 3. Rampur Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Pinjore Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 8 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Pinjore. @ Key Points * Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre are located in Pinjore, Haryana = It was established in the year 2001 as Vulture Care Centre. = [tis administered by the Bombay Natural History Society (BNHS) = It helps in the conservation, protection and study of the reason that causes the death of Vultures.@ Additional Information * About Vulture » Vultures are Detrive hich feed on the dead and decay. » Vultures are helpful oving pathogens and toxins from the environment » Excessive use of as a painkiller in animal husbendry leads to the cause of death of vultures. » Vulture Action Plan 2020-25 was launched by the Ministry for Environment, Forests and Climate Change for its conservation. » Important Points Vulture Conservation and Breeding Centre (VCBC) in India = Bhopal (Madhya Pradesh) = Pinjore, Haryana = Guwahati (Assam) 2 Hyderabad (Telangana) Pa India's #1 Learning Platform RSET e eM eLeely Tod ond are Creston EX 2 Question 9 ‘ View this Question Online > Which declaration was signed at UNCED 1992 at Rio De Janeiro, Brazil? 1. Agenda 39 2 ool 3. Agenda 22 4, Agenda 21 Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 4: Agenda 21 a a tt ee aSRR STs ga Ce AST PN ECS TE AE Pete wee aM e ERNE STOR The correct answer is Agenda 21. + Agenda 21 was the declaration signed at UNCED 1992 in Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. = Agenda 21 is prehensive plan of action recommended by the UN summit to be taken globally ag and locally by organizations of the United Nations System, Governments, ior Groups in every area in which human impacts environment. + Agenda 21 signed with an aim to achieve global sustainable development. = Itwas adoptec by more than 178 governments at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development in 1992. + Agenda 21 is divided into 40 chapters that have been grouped into 4 sections and 351- page. ER ABA Deol Start Complete Exam Preparation Teed Dec lead ee? lL PY Question 10 View this Question Online > Which of the following species are NOT in the IUCN classification of threatened species? 1. Harmful 2. Extinct 3. =" 4, Endangered Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 1 : Harmful Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 10 Detailed SolutionThe correct answer is Harmful. © Key Points + Harmful species are not in the IUCN classification of threatened species. + IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, also called UCN Red List, one of the most well-known objective assessment systems for classifying the status of plants, animals, and other organisms threatened with extinction + IUCN red list was founded in 1964, + Ituses a set of criteria uate the extinction risk of a thousand of species and subspecies. + There are 7 categories of REYWUCN Red List: = Data Deficient Least concern- unlikely to become extinct in the near future. Near Threatened- close to being at high risk of extinction in the near future. Vulnerable Endangered- very high risk of extinction in the wild. Critically Endangered- ina particular and extremely critical state. Extinct In The Wild- Survives only in captivity, cultivation, and outside the native range, as presumed after exhaustive surveys. Extinct- beyond a reasonable doubt that the species is no longer extant. a eee eta pela CBS cnet el) Cera Saree pts Download App Question 17 } View this Question online > Which of the following states of India became the first carbon free state ? 1. Arunachal Pradesh 2. Chhattisgarh a Pradesh 4. GujaratAnswer (Detailed solution Below) Option 3 : Himachal Pradesh Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 11 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Himachal Pradesh. © Key Points 3 * Himachal Pradesh, which has mandated all government.départments to begin environment audit, is on its way to becoming the countrys first and the world's second carbon-free state. + Residents are expected to undergo a lifestyle change, according to the master plan ‘Policy and Strategy on climate change and harnessing carvon credits’. © Additional Information + Asper the International Emissions Agency, 2018 report- = The USA Is the larg itter of carbon contributing 14% of total world = India's per capita emissions were ebout 40% of the global average » Important Points * Nationally Determined Contributions of India as per Paris Climate Agreement- » To reduce the emissions intensity of its GDP by 33 to 35% by 2030 from 2005 levels. » To produce 40% of total power production by means of non-fossil fuel-based energy resources by 2030. cl < ER ABR De olay Slam w emer ited) lao kale Download App Renata se ‘ali teal atic oa aacwine following is established for documenting rare and endangered species of animale and plants? 1, Blue data book 2. Green data book 3. Red data book 4. None of these Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : Red data book Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 12 Detailed Solution The correct answer is Red data book. + Red data book is the document established for documenting rare and endangered species of animals and plants. + First international Red Data B@Oks were published in 1966. * The red data book is being published by the international union for the conservation of nature. + As per the latest reports published in 2019, there are 28,838 species that are considered at risk of extinction. + It contains three colored pages, red, pink, and green to represent the species. = Redis symbolic of the species that are endangered. > The pink pages represent the critically endangered species. + Green pages represent species that were formerly endangered but have now recovered to a point where they are no longer threatened. * Blue data book civers information on the ecology, conservation, and promotion of the species. + The green databook is a reference on key environmental date for over 200 economies, SE i ces Start Complete Exam Preparation eo rae eens bea roe Ciesteot rd Gag RtQuestion 13 ‘View this Question Online > In which of the following years was the ‘Project Elephant lai by the Government of India? co 1, 1972 Oo po So Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: 1992 Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 13 Detailed Solution The correct answer is 1992. © Key Points : * Project-Elephant- = Itwas launched by the Government of Indi as a Centrally Sponsored ‘Scheme. = The Ministry of Environment, Forest ar provides financial and technical support to major ele in the country through this project. + The objectives of this project = To protect elep their habitat, and corridors. = To address is: an-animal conflict. = Welfare of cap hants. = The project is being implemented in 16 states / UTs . ©; Additional Information * Indian Elephants:- » They occur in the Central and Southern-Western Ghat , North-East India,Eastern india and Northern india and, in some parts of the southern reninsula. + Itis included in Schedule | of the Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, and in Appendix 1 of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna (CITES). = 16 of the 28 states in the country have Indian Elephants. eee Start Complete Exam Preparation Cee aoe] Cea leg eros Care EX jownload App Question 14 View this Question Online > WWF stands for: 1. Web World Federation 2. World WildlifeFederetion 3 Bier 4. World Web Federation Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 3 : World Wildlife Fund Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 14 Detailed Solution The correct answer is the World Wildlife Fund. © Key Points ® * World Wildlife Fund is an international non-government organization established in 1961 and headquartered at Gland, Switzerland. + It aims at Preservation anc reduction of human impact on the environment. + It is the world's largest conservative organization. * Its Prime objective i: serve the world's bioloaical diversity. ensuring the use ofrenewable resources and premoting the reduction of pollution and wasteful consumption. + Its logo is a giant panda named after Chi-Chi. » Important Points + It publishes various reports like the living planet report. + It is also responsible for the organization of earth hour. * The living planet report is published biennially since 1998. & eee ee teen) Start Complete Exam Preparation Cao eed an ar a es lead reed resin Question 15 View this Question Online > The Indian Biodiversity Hotspot 1. Aravali Hills 2. Western Ghats 3 _ 4, Red Hills Answer (Detailed Solution Below) Option 2: Western Ghats Biodiversity Conservation and Efforts Question 15 Detailed Solution ‘The correct answer is Western Ghats. © Key Points =: Biiieerdiie tintieeier* Biodiversity hotspots are regions with high species endemism. © The British biologist Norman Myers coi biogeographic region characterized b serious levels of habitat loss. = Conservation International que degree of versity hotspot” in 1988 as a jonal levels of plant endemism and by ets’ hotspots and in 1996, the organization made the decision to under sessment of the hotspots concept, =» The 35 biodiversi ots cover 2.3% of the Earth's land surface, yet more than 50% of the world's pl s and 42% of all terrestrial vertebrate species are endemic to these areas. * Biodiversity hotspots in India: > Himalaya: Includes the entire Indian Himalayan region (and that falling in Pakistan, Tibet, Nepal, Bhutan, China and Myanmar). » Indo-Burma: Includes entire North-eastern India, except Assam and Andaman group of Islands (and Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia and southern China) = Western Ghats and Sri Lanka: Includes entire Western Ghats (and Sri Lanka) * Sundalands: includes Nicobar group of Islands (and Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Brunei, Philippines).