GRADE

4 WORKING WITH WHOLE NUMBERS

CHAPTER-1
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Learning Objectives:

After this lesson, students will be able to learn:

▪ Word form and standard form.

▪ Pattern rule and place value.

▪ How to compare and order numbers.

▪ How to add and subtract multi-digit numbers.

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Introduction:

8 6 7 9
1) Write the place value of 6 from the number shown on the card.

2) Write the expanded form of the shown number.

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Whole Numbers: The numbers which start with '0' are called whole numbers. Whole
numbers are denoted by the symbol W.

0123456789
The above numbers are starting with zero. Hence, they are called whole numbers.
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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.1 . Write the numbers in word form:

Word form involves expressing numbers using words rather than numerals.

Express the numbers in word form.

(a) 44,084

Sol:

Ten Thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

4 4 0 8 4

Forty-four thousand eighty-four

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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.1 . Write the numbers in word form:

Word form involves expressing numbers using words rather than numerals.

Express the numbers in word form

(b) 14,216

Sol:

Ten Thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

1 4 2 1 6

Fourteen thousand two hundred sixteen

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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.2. Express the numbers in standard form and expanded form.

Standard form: Numbers written in standard form are written using only numbers.
There are no words in this form.

Example: Express the following in standard form:

Twenty four thousand, six hundred fifty.

Sol:

24,650
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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.2. Express the numbers in standard form and expanded form.

Expanded form: It is a way to write numbers by showing the value of each digit.

Hundreds Tens
8, 743
Written in expanded form is
Thousands 8 7 4 3 Ones
8,000 + 700 + 40 + 3
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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.2. Express the numbers in standard form and expanded form.

Pattern rule:
-2 -2
Number pattern is a pattern or sequence in a series
of numbers. This pattern generally establishes a
common relationship between all numbers. 14 12 10 6

Example: Find the missing numbers by following the pattern rule.

Sol:
14-2=12
12-2=10
10-2=8
8-2=6
6-2=4

So, the missing numbers are 8 and 4.

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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.3. Finding the place value of a number.

Place value: Place value can be defined as the value represented by a digit in a
number, on the basis of its position in the number.

Place value chart:

Hundred Thousands Ten Thousands Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

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1.1 Numbers up to 1,00,000

1.1.3. Finding the place value of a number.

Find the value of each digit in 14,629 using a place value chart.
Sol:

Ten thousand Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0

1 4 6 2 9
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Ten thousand Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones

0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0
0
1 4 6 2 9

Place value of 1 = 10,000 -> Ten thousands place

Place value of 4 = 4000 -> Thousands place
Place value of 6 = 600 -> Hundreds place
Place value of 2 = 20 -> Tens place
Place value of 9 = 9 -> Ones place

14,629
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1.2. Comparing numbers to 100,000

1.2.1. Compare 5- digit numbers using greater than and less than.

Comparing numbers
To compare means to examine the difference between numbers and to decide whether one number is
greater than, smaller than or equal to the other.
Greater than: The greater than symbol in math is placed between two values in which first
number is greater than the second number it is denoted by “>”.

Example: Compare 30,000 and 42000

42,000 > 30,000

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1.2. Comparing numbers to 100,000

1.2.1. Compare 5- digit numbers using greater than and less than.
Less than: Less than symbol is placed between two numbers where the first number is less than the
second number. It is denoted by “<”.

Example: Compare 12345 and 67894

Sol:

12345 < 67894

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1.2. Comparing numbers to 100,000

1.2.2: Ordering the numbers from least to greatest.

If the numbers are arranged from the least to the greatest, then it is called arranging numbers in
ascending order. In this form, the numbers are in increasing order.

Example: Arrange the numbers in ascending order.

15420 17584 13254 25481 21568

Sol:

13254, 15420, 17584, 21568, 25481

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1.2. Comparing numbers to 100,000

1.2.2: Ordering the numbers from greatest to least.

If the numbers are arranged from the greatest to the least, then it is called arranging numbers
in descending order. In this form, the numbers are in decreasing order.

Example: Arrange the numbers in decreasing order.

15420 17584 13254 25481 21568

Sol:

25481, 21568, 17584, 15420, 13254

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1.3 Adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers

1.3.1 Adding and subtracting whole numbers using standard algorithm

Standard algorithms for addition and subtraction are based on decomposing numbers written in base.
This reduces addition or subtraction of two multi-digit whole numbers to a collection of single-digit
computations of place value units.

Addition and subtraction using standard algorithm:

(a) 7814 (b) 4236

+ 5436 -2123
13,250 2113
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1.3 Adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers

1.3.2 Adding and subtracting multi-digit numbers

Addition can be defined as the taking of two or more numbers and adding them together.
Meanwhile, the concept of subtraction is simply opposite of the addition, as it involves taking away
numbers from a group.

a) Find the sum of 56,355 and 45,604 b) Find the difference of 59,762 and 24,630
Sol: Sol:

56335 59762
+ 45604 -24630
1,01,939 35132
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Key concepts covered

▪ In this chapter, we examined the development of proficiency with whole numbers.

▪ We understood how to read and write the numbers in numerals and in words.

▪ Also, we learnt about comparing numbers using 'greater than' and 'less than' symbols and
ordering of numbers.

▪ This chapter also included number patterns, place values and addition and subtraction of multi–digit
numbers.
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Concept map

Concept
Working with whole numbers

Category Addition and Subtraction

Numbers up to 100,000
Comparing Numbers

Ordering Numbers

Word Form

Standard Form

Pattern Rule

Place Value
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