Kinematics Past Papers

Kinematics Questions 5054/P2
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21/O/N/18/Q1
FACEBOOK.COM/CAMBRIDGE O LEVEL/IGCSE
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O/N18/22/Q2
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O/M18/ 22/O8
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M/J18/Q21/Q1
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M/J18 22/Q1
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O/N17/21 /Q9
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O/N17 22 Q9
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M/J17/21 Q1
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M/J17/22/Q1
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O/N16/21/q1
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O/N16/22/Q1
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M/J16/21/Q1
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M/J16/22/Q1
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O/N15/21/Q1
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M/J15/21/Q1
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M/J15/21/Q9
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M/J15/22/Q11
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O/N14/21/Q1
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O/N14/22/Q9
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M/J14/21/Q1
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Size of resultant velocity =

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Direction of resultant velocity =
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[4]
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M/J14/22/Q9
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Mark Schemes (2018-2014) All variants

Q1 ON21 2018
(a) (F =) ma or 35 2.6 C1
91 N A1
1(b)(i) straight line from origin to dashed line / t1 B1
gradually decreasing gradient until the line is horizontal B1
1(b)(ii) area under the line or area between line and x-axis B1
Q1 O/N22 2018
1(a) it / speed does not have a direction / is a scalar quantity B1

1(b)(i) direction (of velocity) changes (as it moves around the Earth) B1
its velocity changes with time (this is an acceleration) B1
1(b)(ii) arrow from satellite towards (centre of) Earth B1
1(c) no work done and force perpendicular to motion / no movement in direction of force B1
(kinetic and gravitational potential) energy remains constant / no effect B1
Q8 O/N18 22
8(a)(i) 1 quantity of matter (in a body) B1

2 balance or scales B1
8(a)(ii) (k.e. =) ½mv 2 C1
½ 0.16 8.72 C1
6.1 J A1
8(b)(i) 1 deceleration or retardation B1
2 negative gradient or line slopes downwards (left to right) B1
8(b)(ii) 1 0.88 s time 0.90 s B1
2 area or counting squares or ½bh in some form C1
3.7 s distance 4.1 m A1
8(b)(iii) ball hits ground or short time for deceleration or large force or ground is hard B1
8(b)(iv) internal / thermal energy (of ball and ground) has increased B1
(internal energy) from kinetic energy B1
Q1 M/J18 21
1(a) distance measured (between 2 marks) with metre rule or tape measure B1
time measured (between 2 marks) with stopwatch / stopclock / timer B1
(average speed =) (total) distance / time B1
1(b)(i) decrease in speed
or deceleration B1
1(b)(ii) ( v =) a t in any form numerical or algebraic C1
4.5 m / s A1
MUSTAFA ASIF
Q1 M/J18 22
1(a) points plotted correctly at (1,0.5) (2,1.6) (3,3) (4,5) and (5,7) B1
smooth curve from origin B1
1(b)(i) straight line
or gradient / slope constant
B1
travels equal distances in same time
or gradient equals speed
B1
1(b)(ii) weight and force (upwards) from oil / liquid B1
forces balanced / cancel / are equal (and opposite)
or no resultant (force)
B1
Q9 O/N17 21
9(b)(ii) 1 deceleration / it decreases B1

resistive force decreases or resistive force depends on speed B1
2 curve/line from 9.7 to zero and gradient negative (allow zero at end) B1
magnitude of gradient decreasing B1
3 area mentioned B1
area under line / curve or convert cm2 (of graph paper) to distance or
in terms of the scales
B1
9(c)(i) (efficiency = ) useful energy output / total energy input or
useful power output / total power input B1
9(c)(ii) 33 0.64 or 12 MJ / s C1
21 MJ / s A1
Q9 O/N17 22
9(a)(i) (F =) ma or 160 0.35 C1

56 N A1
9(a)(ii) (v = u +) at or 0.35 1.2 C1
0. 42 m / s A1
9(b)(i) straight line of positive gradient from origin to t = 1.2 s B1
horizontal line after t = 1.2 s B1
9(b)(ii) area mentioned B1
area under the line or convert cm2 (of graph paper) to distance or in terms of the scales B1
9(c)(i) 1 arrow from space-station towards centre of Earth B1
2 gravitational field / attraction B1
of Earth B1
9(c)(ii) two separate approaches
I change of displacement M1
per unit time or divided by time A1
or
II rate of change of distance or distance moved per unit time
M1
in specified direction A1
9(c)(iii) 1 (it / velocity) changes and (because its) direction changes / force perpendicular to
velocity B1
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2 (remains) constant and depends on speed / g.p.e. remains constant / (k.e.) is a scalar
quantity / speed is constant B1
M/J17/21/Q1
1(a) A – contact or reaction force
B – driving force
C – force of gravity
D – air resistance and friction
B1
1(b)(i) 800 kg B1
1(b)(ii) 400 N B1
1(b)(iii) (a =) F / m formula or with numbers C1
0.50 m / s2 A1
1(c) change in v = at in words or numbers C1
12 m / s A1
M/J17/22/Q1
1(a)((i) (a=) v(–u) / t or 25 / 14 C1
1.8 m / s2 A1
1(a)(ii) initial straight line from (0,0) to (14,25) B1
gradient of line decreases after 14 s
and flat from (70,55) to (80,55)
B1
1(b) force backwards on driver / car B1 any 3
B3
force produced by seat belt / steering wheel
or friction with seat / friction between tyres and road B1
no / small (backward) force / friction on bag B1
(mass of bag) resists change (from state of motion)
or carries on in straight line
or has constant velocity
or (bag) has inertia B1
O/N16/21/Q1
1 (a) velocity / it has a direction / is a vector B1
(b) (i) (F = )ma or 800 1.5 C1
1200 N A1
(ii) friction / air resistance acts on car B1
opposes force due to engine B1
(iii) ( v = )at or 1.5 4.0 or 6.0 C1
31 m / s A1 [7]
O/N16/22/Q1
1 (a) (v = u )at or 3.4 5.0 C1
17 m / s A1
(b) (i) 0 or zero or no resultant force B1
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(ii) straight line of positive gradient from (0, 0) B1

horizontal line at v 0 and after initial acceleration B1
straight line from (0, 0) to (5.0, 17) and
straight line from (5.0, 17) to at least (15.0, 17) B1
(iii) calculate the area under the graph or area of trapezium B1 [7]
M/J16/21/Q1
1 (a) air resistance is zero B1
or no air resistance acts (at first)
or weight much larger than air resistance
(a=) F / m or weight / mass or 600 / 60 B1
or weight is 10 times mass
(b) air resistance / upwards force is larger than weight /600 N / downwards force B1
(c) (i) 5(.0) m / s B1
(ii) 120 N B1
M/J16/22/Q1
1 (a) mark at a time between 4.0 and 7.5 seconds B1
(b) (a =) (v – u) / t numerical or algebraic C1
or (a =) gradient of graph stated
2.5 m / s2 A1
(c) forward force and backward force clear B1
equal forces (in horizontal direction) B1
or no resultant force
or forces cancel / balance / in equilibrium
O/N15/21/Q1
1 (a) (i) (a = ) v / t or 95 / 0.011 C1
8.6(3636) × 103 m / s2 A1
(ii) (F = )ma or 0.018 × 8.63 × 103 C1
150 / 155(.4545) / 160 N A1
(b) line from (0, 0) to (0.011, 95) with decreasing gradient B1
(becomes) horizontal at (0.011, 95) B1 [6]
M/J15/21/Q1
1 (a) (i) 60 m B1
(ii) 12 s B1
(b) (i) straight line from origin to 200 m at 40 s B1
any line straight or curved from (40,200) to (60,500) B1
(ii) s = d / t or 500 / 60 C1
8.3 m / s A1
M/J15/21/Q9
9 (a) (i) (vector) has direction or scalar does not have direction or
(vectors) may cancel or scalars cannot cancel B1
(ii) one vector quantity e.g.: displacement; velocity, acceleration B1
one scalar quantity e.g.: distance, length, speed, time, current, resistance B1 [3]
(b) downward weight arrow of length 3.9–4.1 cm B1
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correct triangle/parallelogram drawn and correct diagonal clear B1

270–285 kN B1
horizontal (±3°) B1
(c) (i) from chemical / fuel energy B1
to kinetic (and thermal energy) (not with any intermediate) B1
(ii) air resistance / friction / drag B1
air resistance / friction / drag increases or resultant force decreases
or acceleration decreases B1
resultant force is zero or (air) resistance / friction equals thrust B1
direction of motion is changing B1
velocity is vector or has a direction B1
(acceleration depends on) changing velocity or
resultant force towards centre (of circle) or centripetal force B1 [12]
M/J15/22/Q11
11 (a) (i) distance (travelled) per second or speed C1
distance (travelled) per second / speed in a given direction A1
or displacement / time
or change in displacement per unit time
or displacement (travelled/covered) per unit time
or rate of change of displacement
(ii) opposite direction B1
(iii) 1 value seen for v and corresponding value of t C1
0 < t < 1.4 and 0 < v < 14
(a=) v-u / t algebraic or numerical equation C1
10 m / s2 A1
2 sensible comment A1
(iv) 1 4(.0 s) B1
2 weight or force due to gravity mentioned (at D) B1
mention of B1
• upwards force (on man) from cord
• tension / elastic force from cord (on man)
force in cord / upward force / tension greater than downwards force B1
or resultant force upwards
O/N14/21/Q1
1 (a) (i) (a = ) (v – u) / t or v / t or (55–40) / 2 or equivalent values from graph C1
7.5 m / s2 A1
(ii) (F = ) ma or 180 × 7.5 C1
1300 / 1350 / 1400 N A1
(b) (i) (acceleration) decreases (to zero) B1
(ii) air resistance / friction / drag mentioned B1
air resistance / friction / drag increases (with speed) or resultant force
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decreases (with speed) B1

(finally) (air) resistance = driving force or resultant is zero B1 [8]
O/N14/22/Q9
9 (a) changing speed / velocity C1
change in speed / velocity / time constant or (v–u) / t constant or constant / equal
rate of change of speed / velocity A1 [2]
(b) (a vector quantity has) direction B1 [1]
(c) (i) 1. X between t 0 and t < 10 s B1
2. Y between t > 20 s and t < 30 s B1
3. Z between t > 10 s and t < 20 s or between t > 30 s and t < 40 s B1
(ii) 1. two speed values from graph between 15 and 35 s (
two corresponding time values from graph between 15 and 35 s
( or (a = ) v / t C1
500 m / s2 A1
2. (F = ) ma or 8.4 × 500 C1
4200 N A1
(iii) 1. arrow labelled F perpendicular to surface of Earth B1
arrow labelled R opposite to direction of travel (by eye) from rock B1
2. speed changes or density / pressure of air changes or cross-sectional
area (of rock) changes B1
(iv) it hits the ground / surface of the earth or stops or speed is zero B1 [12]
[Total: 15]
M/J14/21/Q1
1 (a) speed and direction or (change in) distance per sec / unit time + direction
or (change in) displacement per sec / unit time [B1]
(b) two vectors at 45° and one twice the other by eye or labelled 2 (m / s) and 4 (m / s) [B1]
correct resultant shown for two labelled vectors at any angle with directions
shown [B1]
resultant speed 5.6 } 0.2 m / s unit needed [B1]
direction (0)15° or N15 °E, etc. or any clear direction expressed
or angle mentioned on answer line and shown on diagram [B1]
[5]
M/J14/22/Q9
9 (a) straight line from (0, 0) to (3, 2.4) [B1]

horizontal line from 3 s to 8 s [B1]
straight line from end of a horizontal line to zero in 1 s [B1]
(b) constant / same increase in velocity or constant change in velocity [C1]
constant / same increase in velocity per sec / unit time [A1]
(c) occurs in a short(er) time
or acceleration took 3 s and deceleration took 1 s [B1]
(d) (d =) speed × time numerical or algebraic or area under graph clear [C1]
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1.2 × 3 or 3.6 (m) or 2.4 × 5 or 12 seen [C1]

15.6 m or 16 m [A1]
(e) (i) mgh seen in any algebraic or numerical form, e.g. 30 × 10 × 1.6 [C1]
480 J [A1]
(ii) heat or thermal energy or sound produced
or work done against friction / air resistance [B1]
(f) at least two distances and corresponding times mentioned [C1]
how the actual measurement is made, e.g. (any one from)
• make mark on ground every second and measure distances
• note video position every sec and use a scale to find distances
• make mark on ground every meter and measure / take time as girl passes [A1]
how constant speed is proved using measurement, e.g. (any one from)
• same distance between each position for the same time interval
• same time interval for equal distances
• d / t constant or slope of distance-time graph constant [B1]
[15]

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Kinematics Questions 5054/P2

Size of resultant velocity =

Mark Schemes (2018-2014) All variants

1(a) it / speed does not have a direction / is a scalar quantity B1

8(a)(i) 1 quantity of matter (in a body) B1

9(b)(ii) 1 deceleration / it decreases B1

9(a)(i) (F =) ma or 160 0.35 C1

(ii) straight line of positive gradient from (0, 0) B1

correct triangle/parallelogram drawn and correct diagonal clear B1

decreases (with speed) B1

9 (a) straight line from (0, 0) to (3, 2.4) [B1]

1.2 × 3 or 3.6 (m) or 2.4 × 5 or 12 seen [C1]

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