KABALE UNIVERSITY

UNIVERSITY EXAMINATIONS 2021/2022

FIRST YEAR SEMESTER TWO

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE WITH EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY

PAPER: BONDING AND STRUCTURE

CODE: CHE 1202

DATE: 19th June, 2022

TIME: 2-5P.M

DURATION: 3 HOURS

INSTRUCTIONS:

(i) This examination paper consists of SIX questions.

(ii) All questions carry equal marks.
(iii) Answer any FIVE (05) questions ONLY.
(iv) Begin each question on a fresh sheet of paper (i.e. fresh page).
(v) Illustrate your answers with equations, tables and diagrams where applicable.
DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING on this question paper.

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1. (a) Explain the following terms as used in Chemistry

(i) Chemical bond (2 mks)

(ii) Electronegativity (2 mks)

(iii) Polarisation (2 mks)

(iv) Dipole moment (2 mks)

(v) Polar bond ………………………………………………………………… (2 mks)

(vi) Lone pair (2 mks)

(vii) δ-bonding pair (2 mks)

(viii) π – bonding pair (2 mks)

(ix) Molecular orbital (2 mks)

(x) Bonding molecular orbitals (2 mks)

2. (a) Explain conditions required for atomic orbital combination to form molecular orbitals (4 mks)

(b) Draw the molecular orbital diagrams of the following molecules and calculate their bond order.

(i) O2 (5 mks)

(ii) N2 (5 mks)

(c) Explain all possible ways in which s and p atomic orbitals can overlap to form

molecular orbitals (6 mks)

3. (a) Explain the factors that favour ionic bond formation (6 mks)

(b) Construct Born-Haber cycle for the formation of NaCl(s) and explain all terms used (8 mks)

(c) Describe the formation of the following types of bonds

(i) Coordinate and dative (3 mks)

(ii) Hydrogen bond (3 mks)

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4.(a) (i) Explain the term hybridisation (2 mks)

(ii) Describe sp3 hybridisation type (6 mks)

b) (i) Describe the types of bonds formed by in boron hydrides (4 mks)

(ii) Show all possible structural isomers of B4H10 (8 mks)

5. (a) (i) Explain the term ‘formal charge’. (2 mks)

(ii) Why is it always important to calculate the formal charge in certain chemical species? (4mks)

(b) Write the resonance structures of the following compounds and mention the most stable
resonance structure.

(i) N2O (10 mks)

(ii) OCN (4 mks)

END