FACULTAD DE INGENIERIAS ESCUELA

PROFESIONAL DE INGENIERIA CIVIL

MANUFACTURING, TOOL WORK

IN CIVIL ENGINEERING

• DRA. MILAGROS FRANCO GUEVARA

2023-1
COMPETENCE OF THE
SESSION

Understand oral texts.

Produce written texts.

 PURPOSE OF THE SESSION

The purpose the lesson plan today is understand specific

information from texts in English .

WHAT IS MANUFACTURING?

Manufacturing is the process of converting raw materials into finished or semi-

finished products, which are subsequently destined for the market. It involves
within its process a series of organized elements, such as: materials, people,
machinery and technology.

The organizations of this activity are called manufacturing companies, and they
work together with the extractive companies, which are in charge of extracting
and sending the raw material to these manufacturing entities.
TYPES OF MANUFACTURING
According to the production system
• Production to order: It is the one generated according to the specifications
of a client, therefore it responds to the needs of a personalized product.
• Batch production: Products that are manufactured in specific quantities and
which share similar characteristics.
• Chain production: It is the elaboration of the same product in large
quantities.
• Continuous production: This is the production of goods on a large scale
without interruption. In other words, it is the manufacturing that is
maintained 24 hours a day and 7 days a week.
TYPES OF MANUFACTURING
According to the result of the product
• Finished product: Good whose industrial process has finished and,
therefore,
is ready to be consumed.
• Semi-finished product: It is one that requires a new production process
so that it can be consumed. Also, it is the good that serves as a resource
in another phase of production, that is, it works as "raw material" for
the generation of other products.
MANUFACTURING CHARACTERISTICS
It requires raw material, since this is the basis of any industrial
process.
It belongs to the secondary sector, as it is the activity that transforms
raw materials into economic goods.
MANUFACTURING CHARACTERISTICS
Part of the objective of covering a need, since the production of goods
is
intended to satisfy a certain market.
It entails a cost, since it uses various resources, such as the acquisition
of raw materials, remuneration of labor, maintenance of machinery,
and use of technology.
MANUFACTURING EXAMPLES
• Manufacture of food and beverages, for the food industry.
• Manufacture of fibers, threads and fabrics, for the textile industry.
• Manufacture of paper and cardboard, for the paper industry.
MANUFACTURING EXAMPLES
• Manufacture of automobiles, for the automotive industry.
• Manufacture of plastics, for the plastic industry.
• Manufacture of arms and military equipment, for the arms
industry.
• Manufacture of electrical appliances (kitchens, ovens, refrigerators,
etc.), for the electrical appliance industry.
MANUFACTURING TOOLS
Competitive Production Systems.
One of the manufacturing management systems that currently contributes.
a greater competitiveness to companies, is the use of Lean Manufacturing
tools.
With globalization, companies transcend borders, achieve a global
industrial exchange of products, at the same time that they strengthen a
strong global competitiveness. The generation of high-quality products
and the fulfillment of their delivery with quality, entails implementing
increasingly efficient production systems and thus achieving greater
production at a much lower cost.
MANUFACTURING TOOLS

Practical utility of the Tools

This way of working is based on the principle of eliminating all kinds of waste in
production, as well as respecting workers by giving them greater decision-
making power to achieve continuous improvement of processes.
It seeks to eliminate and reduce activities that do not add any value to your
business processes, do not generate added value for customers and do not
speed up or improve the production process.
Lean manufacturing tools are very useful to achieve a change in the way
your company does business. Tools that will help you configure the way of
doing things in your business.
MANUFACTURING TOOLS
Lean Manufacturing
When we talk about lean manufacturing, we refer to manufacturing production
management that aims to eliminate production operations that do not add
value to a product.
Its objective is to implement a way of working focused on the continuous
improvement of production processes in order to increase customer
satisfaction with high-value products.
Lean manufacturing provides you with tools so that your company can survive
in a global market that demands higher product quality, faster deliveries, lower
prices and the quantity actually required by customers.
EVOLUTION OF THE MANUFACTURING PROCESS
The manufacturing process has gone through the following stages:
1. Handmade manufacturing process
At the beginning, when the manufacturing activities began, the entire process was
carried out manually. For this reason, when one speaks of a manufactured product, one
thinks of a product made by hand.
However, this manual process only managed to work when simple, low-priced products
were produced and when there was little demand for it.
2. Manufacturing process elaborated by hand and with machines
Subsequently, with the passage of time, the products became more complex and with
more added values, for which reason the demand and, consequently, its price increased
notably.
Undoubtedly, this led to an improvement in the manufacturing process, so now this
process is done manually or with the help of machines. Above all, because it is required to
produce these products in large quantities. In this way, the manufacturing process has
become a process that uses technology in innovative ways.
Finally, we can conclude that the manufacturing
process results from an industrial process that
allows for the transformation of raw materials,
which, following a series of steps, manages to
convert them into a finished product. The
manufacturing process has evolved long after
the industrial revolution occurred, making this
process easier and more efficient.