Engine Coolant

System
 Coolant Flow

 There are a variations to

the cooling methods used
on the KV range of
engines.
 Top or Centre Mounted
Aftercooler
 Side Mounted Aftercoolers
 LTA [Low Temperature
Aftercooling]
 Non LTA
 Coolant Flow
Top or Centre Mounted Aftercooler
1. Aftercooler Housing
2. Aftercooler Core
3. Aftercooler Coolant Supply
4. Aftercooler Coolant Return
5. Coolant Return To Radiator
6. Coolant Transfer Tube [Head To
Head]
7. Thermostat
8. Coolant Filters
9. Oil Coolers
10. Water Pump
11. Coolant Supply from Radiator
12. Bypass Tube
13. Coolant to Block V
14. Cylinder Liner
15. Cylinder Head
 Coolant Flow
Side Mounted Aftercooler

1. Aftercooler Housing
2. Aftercooler Supply
3. Aftercooler Return
 Coolant Flow
Side Mounted Aftercooler

LOW TEMPERATURE
AFTERCOOLER
1. Aftercooler Housing
2. Aftercooler Supply
3. Aftercooler Core Return
4. Aftercooler Core Vent
5. Coolant Filter Inlet
6. Coolant Filter Outlet
7. Bypass Tube
8. Coolant Supply from Radiator
9. Aftercooler Core Drain
 Coolant Flow
Side Mounted Aftercooler

THERMOSTAT HOUSING
FLOW
1. To LTA Radiator
2. From LTA Radiator
3. To LTA Thermostat
4. Aftercooler Supply
5. Aftercooler Return
6. Aftercooler Core Vent
7. Coolant Return to Radiator
 Coolant Flow

 Coolant flows from the

water pump to the centre of
the vee where the oil
coolers are located
 From the vee, coolant flows
into both banks of the block
and around the liners
 From the block, coolant
flows up through the
cylinder heads and into the
water manifold and to the
thermostat
 Coolant Flow

 Engines that have LTA

[Low Temperature
Aftercooling] have a one
piece thermostat housing
 The housing contains four
engine cooling system
thermostats and one
thermostat for the Low
Temperature Aftercooling
[LTA] system
 The engine and the
aftercooling systems are
completely separate in the
thermostat housing.
 Coolant Flow

Knurled
Edge

 LTA [Low Temperature

Aftercooling] thermostat,
[note knurled part of
thermostat body]
 The engine stats are
smooth around the edge
 Coolant Flow

 Although the thermostat housing

is significantly different than
earlier models, the engine
coolant flow is the same
 The thermostat housing was
changed to incorporate the LTA
system
 When the engine is cold [below
operating temperature], the
thermostats will be closed
[retracted]
 In this position, the passage to the radiator is sealed and all coolant flow is
directed through the centre of the thermostat into the bypass chamber
leading to the water pump
 Coolant Flow

 As the engine approaches

operating temperature, the
thermostats will start to open
[extend]
 Until the engine reaches
operating temperature, both the
bypass and the radiator
passages will open and receive
flow
 When operating temperature is reached,
the thermostats will be fully open
[extended], closing off the bypass and
opening the radiator passage
 Coolant Flow

 Low temperature
aftercooling [LTA] insures
maximum power output and
lower cylinder temperatures
by maintaining low charge
air temperatures
 Lower cylinder temperatures
will reduce NOx emissions
 Coolant Flow

 LTA is a water core type

aftercooler system and is an
integral part of the engine
cooling system
 However, through the use of
a separate radiator and
thermostat, LTA has the
capability of delivering
coolant to the aftercooler
cores at a temperature well
below the operating range of
the engine cooling system
 This helps lower the cylinder
temperatures and increase
power
Coolant Flow
 Coolant Flow

 When the engine is cold or

below operating temperature,
the aftercooler thermostat will
be closed [retracted]
 Coolant from the vee of the
block will flow through the
thermostat housing to the
aftercooler cores on both sides
of the engine.
 In this mode, the warm
coolant will heat the cold
intake air and aid in the
reduction of white smoke.
Coolant Flow
 Coolant Flow

 When the coolant in the

block reaches 165F, the LTA
thermostat has opened
slightly
 The coolant will divide and
some will start to flow
through the LTA radiator.
 When the coolant reaches
185F, the thermostat will be
fully open [extended]
 All the LTA coolant flow
will go through the radiator
before being distributed to
the aftercooler cores.
 Coolant Flow

 The aftercooler housings are a

one piece design
 A right and left hand version
of the housing is used on each
side of the engine
 The steel cores bolt into the
side of the housings and the
plumbing is external
 Foam type seals are used to
seal the interior passage
 An O-ring seal is used
between the cover and the
housing.
 Coolant Flow

 Some KV 50’s have a two pump,

two loop cooling system driven by
the front gear train
 The second cooling loop controls
the coolant flowing around the
aftercooler

 By having a separate cooling system to the main engine cooling system, the
coolant temp is kept considerably lower, thus cooling the intake air more
effectively allowing for higher power outputs and to meet emission levels as set
by different countries
 Coolant Flow

 Cooling maintenance is
extremely critical
 The correct use of DCA
[Duty Coolant Additives]
is paramount in the
maintenance schedule for
the cooling system
Engine Coolant
System