Mulungushi University

School of Natural and Applied Sciences

Academic Year 2022/2023 Semester II
Tutorial Sheet IV Che112: Introduction to
Chemistry II

Q1. The freezing point of a glucose solution (C6H12O6; molar mass= 180.0 g/mole) is -
10.3 °C. The density of the solution is 1.50 g/ml. What is the molarity of the glucose
solution? (Kf for water is1.86 °C.kg/mole).

Q2. Chloroform and methanol form an ideal solution. The solution boils at 22 °C and
0.255 atm. At 22 °C, the vapor pressure of pure methanol is 0.192 atm and the vapor
pressure of pure chloroform is 0.311 atm. What is the mole fraction of chloroform in
the solution?

Q3. What is the normal boiling point of 1.21 M solution of CaI2 that has a density of
1.92 g/ml? (Kb for H2O = 0.512 °C .kg/mole)
Q4. What is the molar mass and molecular formula of a non-dissociating compound
whose empirical formula is C4H2N, if 3.84 g of the compound in 500g benzene give a
freezing point depression of 0.307 °C? (The molal freezing point depression constant
for benzene is 5.12 °C .kg/mole)

Q5. A 0.900 L aqueous solution contains 30.0 g of a protein. The osmotic pressure of
the solution is 12.7 torr at 25 °C. What is the molar mass of the protein?

Q6. When 0.643 g of a compound is added to 50 mL of benzene (density: 0.879g/mL),

the freezing point is reduced from 5.51 to 5.03 degrees Celsius. What is the
compound’s molecular mass? (Kf for benzene = 5.12).

Q7. CH2F2 has a dipole moment of 1.93 D and a boiling point of –52°C. CH2Cl2 has a
dipole moment of 1.60 D and a boiling point of 40°C. Why is the boiling point of
dichloromethane 92º higher than that of difluoromethane?
Q8. You are provided with the following compounds, arrange the following compounds
in the increasing order of their boiling point. (Justify your placement)
Q9. The graph below shows the boiling points of various compounds of hydrogen and
elements from group 4 to group 7.

(a) Explain why CH4, NH3, HF and H2O show such a characteristic behavior in
relation to boiling points?
(b) Describe the forces that are predominant each of the molecules name above in
(a).
(c) Using intermolecular forces, explain why generally the B.P decreases with
decrease in molecular masses.
Q10. (a) The vapor pressure of a substance is 21mmHg at 200 K. Calculate the
vapor pressure at 310 K if the enthalpy of vaporization is 12 kJ.mol-1.

(b) A liquid has vapour. pressure. of 2.02 x 103 N.m-2 at 293 K and heat of
vaporization 41 kJ.mol-1. What is the boiling point the liquid in (i) Kelvin (ii)
Degrees Celsius?

Q12. When 0.643 g of a compound is added to 50 mL of New discovered compound

(density:0.879g/mL),the freezing point is reduced from 45.51 to 45.03 degrees
Celsius. What is the New compound’s molecular mass? (Kf for New Compound =
5.12)
Q13. Which of the following liquid pairs is most likely to separate into two layers
when 10 mL of each is mixed and allowed to stand? Explain your answer
CCl4 and C6H6
C2H5OH and CH3OH
CCl4 and CH3OH
C6H14 and C5H12
Q14. At atmospheric pressure, CO2 turns from solid to gas, i.e., it sublimates.
Given that the triple point of CO2 is at T=216.58K and p=518.0kPa, how would
obtain liquid CO2?
Q15. Calculate the energy involved in converting 50grams of frozen water to boiling
point, assume the frozen water is at OOC. Heat of fusion (H fusion) of water = 334
J/g. Heat capacity of water 4200J/gOC. Heat of vaporization of water is 2220J/g.

Q16. Draw a heating curve for water, going from -20ºC to 125ºC on the axis below.
Determine the heat needed to 15 g of ice at -20ºC to 125ºC. Calculate the total
energy involved in the all process. Given that: Five Step Problem for Water
Heat of Fusion = 334 J/g, Heat of Vaporization = 2260 J/g, Cp (solid) = 2.05 J/gºC
Cp liquid) = 4.18 J/gºC, Cp (vapor) = 1.90 J/g.
Q17. The heating curve of a mineral discovered is as shown in the diagram below.

(a) What is the estimated boiling point of the new mineral?

(b) If the heat of fusion for the new mineral is 234J/g, and Heat capacity is
0.451 J/g•°C. Calculate the energy required to melt 2.0g of the new mineral.
Q18 Study the phase diagrams of water and carbon dioxide
From phase diagram
(i) -100OC and 0.1 kPa what is the state of each substance?
(ii) Explain under what conditions each will form a liquid state.
(iii) Explain why is difficult to form a supercritical fluid from water?
Q18.