EXPERIMENT N°: SF101, Part 2

Physics Lab. Pre-Report

Name of the Experiments:
Center of Mass and Gravity
Inclined Plane
Pulley System

Name of the students:

Nicolás Vargas
Alan Roza
Juan Benegas
Mathias Drews

Careers: IFE & IDE.

Date: 2024.

Score:

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1. Center of Mass and Gravity.
Objective:
The objective of this experiment is to analyze and compare the theoretical
calculation of the center of mass and gravity with the experimental data obtained.

Theory:
- Center of mass: Is a point on the object that acts as if all the mass is centered
there, so can represent the whole body.

- Center of gravity: Is the point where the entire weight of the object can be
considered to act, and the body’s weight is evenly balanced.

Materials:
Method 1:
- Magnetic whiteboard.
- Precision Pulley with bearing.
- Five-sided metal plate.
- Fishing thread.
- Metal mass hanger.
- Weight 20g.
- Sheet of paper.

Method 2:
- Magnetic whiteboard.
- Datum plate.
- Tetragon plate.

Procedure:
Method 1:
1. Put the precision pulley on the board.
2. Take a paper and adhere to the metal plate, then insert the metal plate
on the pulley.
3. Insert the cotter with string in the pulley and at the end attach a hanger
with 20g of weight.

4. Wait until you reach equilibrium and trace the string path.
5. Move the metal plate to another of their holes and repeat.
6. The intersection point of the lines is the center of gravity.
 Method 2:
1. Put the datum plate on the board and set the tetragon plate on it.

2. Observe the direction of the indicator outside or inside and the state of
tilt.
3. Change the base and record the new results.

2. Inclined plane.
2.1. Maximum static friction.
Objective:
The objective of this experiment is to investigate how the static friction acts on
an object and analyze the results of the experiment.

Theory:
Static friction is a force on an object that is not moving, we can find the
resistance force pulling the object, and just before it moves, at that moment the
resistance force is the same as the magnitude of the pulling force, so when the pulling
force is bigger also the friction will be.

When an object with mass m is placed on the inclined plane with angle θ,
gravitational force can be decomposed to force parallel and perpendicular to inclined
plane mgsinθ and mgcosθ. When the angle θ increases gradually and the moment the
object starts to move, force parallel to the inclined plane is equal to maximum static
friction Fsmax.

Fsmax = mgsinθ

Materials:
- Magnetic whiteboard.
- Datum Plate.
- Friction wooden block.
- Weight 100g.

Procedure:
1. Assemble the equipment like the next figure.
Whiteboar

Bloc
Datum
 2. Move up one side of the datum until the block slides down.
3. Record the tilted angle, and repeat 5 times to calculate an average and the
maximum static friction.
4. Add 100g and repeat steps 1 to 3.
5. Change the smaller frictional area and repeat steps 1 to 4.
6. Change different materials of the frictional surface and repeat steps 1 to 4.

2.2. Coefficient of static friction.

Objective: The same as 2.1.

Theory:
Under the same material condition, static friction is proportional to normal
force.
frictional force = static friction x normal force

Therefore,

Materials: The same materials as 2.1.

Procedure:
The same as 2.1, also you need to calculate the frictional force (fs), the normal
force (N) and derive the coefficient of static friction (μs).

3. Pulley system.
3.1. Single pulley:fixed pulley and movable pulley.
Objective: -
Theory: -
Materials: -
Procedure: -

3.2. Double pulleys:movable pulleys.

Objective: -
Theory: -
Materials: -
Procedure: -