UNIVERSITY OF GHANA

(All rights reserved)

BScADMINISTRATION
2ND SEMESTER INTERIM
DEPARTMENTOF ORGANISATION ANDASSESSMENT:2022/2023
HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
UGBS 402: BUSINESS POLICY (3
MAIN & CITY CAMPUSCREDITS)

INSTRUCTIONS

ANSWER ALLQUESTIONS ON THE

OUESTION PAPER, CIRCLE THE
CORRECT ANSWER OR WRITE CLEARLY WHERE APPLICABLE. WRITE
YOUR INDEX NUMBER AND CAMPUS ON THE QUESTION

I
TIME ALLOWED: ONE (1) HOUR
INDEX NUMBER (IDX
..CAMPUS:.

1. Business Policy is best defined as:

a. The processof achieving short-term goalsefficiently

b. The art of allocating resources to maximize profits
C. The setof decisions and actions aimed at
achieving long-term objectives
d. The practice ofadapting to immediate external challenges

2. The immediate external environment includes all of the following except:

a. Competitors
b. Suppliers
c. Customers
d. Technological developments

3. Stakeholder management in BusinessPolicy involves:

a. Focusing solelyon satisfying the demands of shareholders

b. Balancing the interests of various groups affected by the company's actions
Minimizing the impact of external factors on the company's operations
d. Ignoring thepreferencesof customers and communities

4. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of Business Policy?

a. It involvesboth internal and external analysis

Page 1 of 15 ubuor
DNA'BPRamooBP6hcy LA
 process company
a long-term oriented
b. It is
of political
factors on the
the influence
It disregards plans
objectives and formulating
d It involves setting

typically includes:
A company's mission statement
S.
year
financial for the upcoming
targets
Specific
a)
and broad goals
philosophy,
O) The company's purpose, every department in the organization
action plans for
©) Detailed share projcctions
competitive analysis and market
d) The company's

6. Strategic options analysis involves:

to identify trends
past performance
Evaluating the company's internal resOurces
off the company's
strengths and weaknesses
D)Analyzing the
of different strategic altermatives
c) Assessing the feasibility

short-ten strategies based on annual objectives

d) Developing

7. The implementation of strategic choices involves:

a) Allocating resources to maximize short-term profits

to the original strategic plan without any adjustments

b) Adhering strictly

) Aligning tasks, people, structures, technologies, and reward systems

d) Ignoring feedback and evaluation of the strategic process

8. Evaluating the success of the strategic process heips in:

a) Identifying the weaknesses of the company's external environment

j Revising the company'smission and long-term objectives
c) Making informed decisions for future strategic planning
d) Allocating additional resources to all departments equally

9. Which of the following is NOT a component of Business Policy?

ab)
Environmental
Internal analysis
forecasting

c) Financial management
d) Formulating plans and objectives

10. Business Policy is primarily concerned with:

a) Adapting to short-term market trends

b) Maximizing shareholder wealth through risk-taking

sc Achievingthe company'slong-term objectives through effective planning

d) Responding to the immediatedemands of stakeholders

are
decisions are
11. Strategic primarily based on:

a) Historical data

b) Current market trends

Projections and forecasts

d) Concreteknowledge and facts

12. In a turbulent and competitive environment, a firm's success depends on:

a) Reacting to change

Page 2of 15 Examiners: Prof. Damoah Obi Berko & Dr. Saviour A. Nubuor
 )b)

d)
13. Strategic
Maintaining

Adopting a
Relying
decisions

a) They
only
the status
proactive stance
quo

on external conditions
toward change

have multifunctional
impact onespecific area
or multibusiness

of the firm
consequences

and resources
because:

b c)
They involve
They are
the
bascd on
allocation
historical
of responsibilities
data
external
environment means:
to the firm's decision-making
are unrelated in strategic
d) They
external environment
the firm's
14. Considering and customers
competitors
a) Ignoring external factors
internal operations relevant
solely on and considering
b) Focusing
the fim's operations
beyond them
cj Looking
rather than
anticipating
consists of
three levels,
including:
to changes typically
d) Reacting hierarchy
of a firm
level
•
operational
15. The decision-naking level, and
level, functional and employees
a) Corporate middle management, level
b) Board
of directors, functional
level, and
level, business
c) Corporate and CO0 firm areresponsible
for:
divisions
d) CEO, CFO, in a multibusiness
business
executives for individual
strategies
16.Corporate-level and formulating social responsibilities
objectives
1) Setting
the firm's
image and fulfilling

b) Enhancing of the firm

operations
day-to-day behavior
c) Managing and customer compete by:
market trends how the firm will
d) Analyzing
strategic
managers determine conditions
to market
17. Business-level
a reactive
approach market segment
a) Adopting the most promising
and securing
sbj Identifying for decision-making strategies
factors
on external over long-term
c) Relying objectives
short-term for:
responsible
d) Emphasizing are primarily firm
goals of the
-level managers nonfinancial
18. Functional and strategies
performance and short-term
a) Financial objectives
t Developing
Determining
annual
the firm's
competitive
business
advantages
divisions
approach
to Business
c) for individual a portfolio
strategies
demonstrates
d) Formulating examples in
the following companies
of national
19.Which with
associations
Policy? direct
forming
Express its partner
a) Airborne in Korea with
countries an oil refinery
foreign
Oil building overscas in processing
Arabian
b) Saudi setting
up operations oil companies
therole of
Express international
c) Airborne Oil reducing
Arabian
eySaudi crude oil
managers
responsible
business
for:
divisions
and selling
level
of a firm includes strategies
for individual
20. The functional and formulating firm and strategies
objectives the
a) Setting plans for objectives
long-term into concrete
direction
b)
Developing
corporate-level social
responsibilities
fulfilling
c) Translating imageand
the firm's
d) Enhancing A. lubuor
0bi Berko
& Dr.Saviour
Prof.
Damoah
 mission?
a company a fimm'ss
best defines targets for
of the following specific measurable performanga
21. Which that outlines and objectives
a) A statement
financial goals
of a fim's
description that reflects a firm's intent an
b) A succinct enduring
statement
framed and
A broadly
ers in the
industry
it from others
strategies and
differentiates tactics
a firm's marketing
A detailed plan outlining
d)
of a compny mission statemenn
is NOT a typical component
following
22. Which of the

the basic product or service

a) Specification of
market pr customer groups
b) Specification of the primary

Specification of measurable financial targets

set
for production or delivery
d) Specification of the principal technology

an essential economic goal for almost every business

23. Which of the following is

)
organizution?

a)

d)
Sustainability through
b) Short-term

Long-term
Acquisition

24. How does a conpany mission statement

profit maximization

profitability

ofbargain
resource synergy

and growth
businesses

contribute to strategic decision making?

a. It provides specific directives for

day-to-day operations
b. It outlines ineasurable targets for
t It communicates the firm's values and
employee performance
prioritiesto
evaluation
guide objectivesetting
d. It serves as a legal
requirement for external stakeholders'
25. Which of the following satisfaction
statements regarding growth in
a) Growth is company's mission is true? a
solely measured by an
increase in market share
b) Growth should
prioritize short-term gains
over long-term
Growth can manifest sustainability
through expansion in
markets served,product
technoldgyadoption variety, or
d) Growvth is unrelated to a firm's
competitive abilitiesand
proactive change
26. What role does
profitability play in a company's mission?
a) Short-termprofitability is
b)
sufficient formeeting
Profitability is a
stakeholders'
expectations
secondary consideration compared to achieving
responsibility social

Profitability is essential
for financing
company growth and
corporate objectives achieving other
d) Profitability should be sacrificed for the
decisions
sake of quick fixes
and expedient
27.Which of the
followingbest describes the purpose ofa
company mission statement?
a) To provide specific
directives for day-to-day
performance evaluation operations and employee
b) To outline measurable
financial targets and objectives for the
Page 4 of 15 firm
Examiners: Prof.
Damoah Obi Berko & Dr.
Saviour A.Nubuor
 c To reflect the
decisionr making
firm's intent, differentiate it from competitors, and guide strategic

d) To fulfill legal requirements and ensure compliance with stakeholder

expectations

28. How does the company mission statement relate to stakeholders?

a) It focuses primarily on satisfying the demands of stockholders and creditors

b) It neglects the interests of employees,communities, and the environment
It addresses the firm's responsibilities towards stockholders, employees,
communities, and the environment
d) It only considers the concerns of competitors and regulatory agents

29. Which of the following scenarios illustrates the importance of survival as an economic
goal?

a) A fim pursues short-term aims without considering long-term impacts

b) A fim focuses on reducing debt and regaining market share for immediate

profitability
and bargains
C) A fim engages in a strategic myopia by prioritizing quick fixes
claims and
d) A fim's inability to survive hampers its ability to meet stakeholders'
desires

30. How does growth contribute to a fim's competitive abilities?

on increasing market share to gain a competitive

advantage
a) Growth solely relies
proactive change
b) Growth is irelevantto a firm's competitive abilities and
or technology leads
in the number of markets served, product variety,
Growth
to improved competitiveness
adapt to a dynamic business environment
Growth hampers a firm's ability to
d)

managers should
NOT a stakeholder group that strategic
31. Which of the following is
approach to social responsibility?

a
consider when adopting

b)
Stockholders
Employees
a stakeholder

c) Customers
d) Suppliers
e) Competitors
for strategic decision

to the stakeholder approach, why is it important

32. According of cach stakeholder group?
the specific demands
makers to understand

a) To prioritize stakeholderclaims

b To
c)
stakeholderclaims
To reconcile conflicting
optimize economic
successin the marketplace
e) To comply with
stakeholder groups
d) To identify the most influential
government regulations into a
stakeholderinterests
following is NOT a step in incorporating

33. Which of the mentioned in the previous answer?

statement, as
company's mission
Nubuor
 a) Identification of stakeholders
claims
stakeholders' specific
b) Understanding
of stakeholder claims
e} Reconciliation

)
d) Integration with competitors'
Coordinationwith other

J4. In thc stakeholder

demands
elements

approach to
of the

social responsibility,
company
conflicting
misSion

stakeholderclaims can
a potential conflict?
Which of the following examples represents
Often arise.

desire for high returns vs.

employees'job satisfaction
a) Stockholders' for
communities' desire
expectations of product quality vs. local

)
Customers'

)
b)
responsible citizenship
adherence to legislation
Suppliers'need for dependable buversvs. governments'
for fair commpetition
d) Unions' benefits for members vs. competitorsdemand
for improved quality of life vs. employees'
career
Society's expectations
opportunities

35. Which of the following best describes the main obiective of incorporating stakeholder
interests into a company's mission statement?

a) To satisfy all stakeholder claims equally

b) To prioritize stakeholderclaims based on profitability
ej To reconcileconflicting stakeholder claims and establish priorities

d) To eliminate stakeholderconflicts through legal regulations

e) To maximize economic successregardless of stakeholder demands
36.Which of the following best describes the stakeholder categorization mentioned in the
text?

a) Insidersare individuals or groups affected by the firm's actions, while outsiders

are stockholders.
b) Insiders areindividuals or groups with a financia! interest in the firm, while
outsiders are those affected by the firm's actions.

c) Insiders are stockholders,while outsiders are individuals or groups with a

financial interest in the firm.

by the firm's actions, while outsiders

d) Insiders are individualsor groups affected

are competitors.
groups with a financial interest in the firm, while
Insiders are individuals or

outsiders are customers.

(CSR)?
•37. Which of the following statements best definescorporate social
responsibility

in general, but not its

a) The idea that a business has a duty to serve society
stockholders.
the financial interests of its

b) The concept that a business should prioritize

stockholders over society at large.

for the greater good
c) The beliefthat a business should submerge its own interests
of society. and the
to serve both society
The notion that a business has a responsibility

interests of its stockholders.

financial
profitability without
solely focusing on maximizing
e) The practice of businesses
environmnental factors.
considering social or
 in relation to social
regarding the claims of outsiders
38. What do insiders tend to believe

interests of
responsibility? to the financial
Outsider claimns should always be subordinated
a)
stockholders. protect the company's
be balanced against one anotherto
b) Outsider claims should
mission. maintain a positive public
all else to
be prioritized above
c) Outsiderclaims should
image. maximum
in favor of achieving
be disregarded
.d) Outsider claims should
way that benefits
profitability. against one another in a
be balanced
Outsider claims should
the environment. cannot adequately address
that rigid rules of business conduct
39. Why is it mentioned

social responsibility
issues? depending on the
is subjective and varies
a) Because social responsibility
situation. responsibility.
should prioritize over social
consultants.
b) Because businesses to hire environmental

c) Because smaller
comnaniesnnaty and impossible to reconcile.
claims are always conflicting
d) Because stakeholder aspectsof social responsibility.
government should regulate all fulfilling their
e) Because
the adopted by firms in
different approaches
40. What factors influence the

social responsibility? performance.

industry, and financial
a) Compctitive position, and industry regulations.
p
and ecological pressures of stockholders.
b) Environmental and financial interests
demands,
c) Country, stakeholder country, and a
host of other factors.
industry,
tf Competitive position, consultants and government
regulations.

of environmental
e) The availability
externalenvironment?
factors in the
is NOT a category of
41. Which ofthefollowing
a. Remote environment
b. Industry environment

e
Operating environment
environment beyond any single
firm's
d. Internal that originate
comprises factors component of
the remote
environment NOT a
42. The remote
of the following
is
Which
operating situation.
environment?
factors
a. Economic

Social factors
b.
factors
E.
Competitive
impacts individual
firms?
factors factorthat
d. Technological of a political
is an example
the following
43. Which of
AEconomic trends
patterns
b. Consumer spending
C. Trade agreements
advancements
 in order to conside
monitor
should managers spend?
factors
of people to
economic
Which of the following and the propensity
44,
ofcredit

H availability
the general
Interest rates

Social attitudes
b.

c. Demographicchanges products and

a wide range of
Technological advancements
d. demand for
to an increased
social factor has led
45. Which and day care centers?
services such
asconvenience foods
a. Changing work values
t Ethical standards
of health
Increasing awareness
d. Entry of women into the labor market
in the age distribution of the population on
of the shift
w wnat IS one of the consequences
producers ofpredominantly youth-oriented goods?
M Increased demand for convenience foods
b. demand for hair and skin care preparations
Decreased
c. of retirement age policies
Modification
d. Unfavorable effect on their long-range marketing
strategies
*.which industry was targeted by public concern regarding the relationship between
obesity and health?
t Fast-food industry
b. Automotive industry
c.
Pharmaceuticalindustry
d.
Technology industry
48. Which company responded to concerns
about obesity by
campaign touting healthy
launching a new promotional
lifestyles?
t. McDonald's
b. Coca-Cola
c. PepsiCo
d. Burger King
49,Political factors impact firmsthrough:
a.
Fair-trade decisions
b.
Technological advancements
c.
Environmental
t. Economic growth
legislation

50.Technological
forecasting helps
firms:
sA Protectand
improve profitability
b. Influence political
factors
C. Address
ecologicalconcerns
d. Enhance
customer demand
51. The
reciprocal
relationshipbetween
a. business and
Technological ccology refers to:
advancements in the
b. Political ecologicalfield
actions aimed at
C. Threats protecting the
to the environment environment
by human activities
sd Ecological factorsinfluencing the
caused

52. supplierfunction
Environmental legislation can be seen as an
opportunity forfirms to:
 Cut costs and increase productivity

b. Create innovative products and services

c. Ignore ecological concerns
d. Reduce political constraints
53. Political factors impactthe customer function of businesses through:
er Accessibility to natural resources
b. advancementsin customer demand
Technological
c. Government demand for products and services
d. Ecological factors affecting market opportunities
54. Technological advancements can significantlyimpact competition within an industry

by:
a. Increasing political stability

b. Reducing market demand

c. Changing manufacturing and marketing techniques

d. Eliminating ecological constraints

ecological factors can pose long-term risks to businesses, including:

55. Neglecting
a. Increased profitability

e b.

d.
Enhanced market opportunities
Threatsto the life-supporting ecosystem
Decreased reliance on technological advancements

of a firm's internal
56. Which framework provides a more comprehensive evaluation
strengths and weaknesses beyond SWOT analysis?
e.Value chain analysis

b. RBV (resourcc-based view) analysis

c. Comparative analysis

Environmental and industry analysis

d.

57. What does SWOT analysis stand for?

and threats
a. Strategic weaknesses, opportunities,
opportunities, and trends
b. Systematic weaknesses,
objectives, and technologies
c. Sequentialweaknesses,
and threats
st. Strengths,weaknesses, opportunities,

typically identified in SWOT analysis?

58. How are opportunities

a b.
Through
Through
acompany's core strengths
an evaluationof the firm's
and resources
weaknesses
landscape
of the industry's competitive
Through thorough examination
a
environment and key
c. trends
an analysisof the firm's external
d. Through

context of SWOT analysis?

59. What are threats in the

in a firm's environment
Favorable situations
a. over competitors
that give a firm an advantage
b. Resources or capabilities
situations in a firm's environment
+C. Major unfavorable
fim's resourcesor
capabilities
in a
Y. Limitations or
deficiencies

is a strength in SWOT analysis?

60. What
Damoah Obi Berko & Dr.Saviour A. Nubuor
Page 9of 15 Examiners: Prof.
 resources or capabilities
a. in a fim's
A limitation or deficiency
or desired position
a firm's current
D. A key impedimentto an advantage over competitors
a firm
.A resource or capability
that gives

d. A majorunfavorable situation in a firm's environment

o1. What is the most common use of SWOTanalysis?

sa Evaluating a firm's internalstrengths and weaknesses
b. Guiding discussion and reflection abouta firm's situation and alternatives
C. Identifying market opportunities and threats
d. Analyzing the competitive landscape of an industry

0.How does SWOT analysis facilitate managerial discussions?

a. By providing a platform for debate and
se. By highlighting the strengths of a firm'sdisagreement
competitors
C. By organizing information and encouraging
insightful discussion
d. By eliminating the need for alternative
analysis frameworks
0S, n the context of SWOTanalysis, how
a weakness to mighta strength to one manager be
another? perceived as
a. Due to differences in
managerial expertise and experience
e b. Because

d. Because
managers have
As a result of
conflicting
varying perspectives
andpriorities
departmental objectives
different managers
have access to
different
64. Which cell in the SWOT information
firm? analysis matrixrepresents
the most
favorablesituation for
a
a. Cell1
b. Cell2
C. Cell3
d. Cell 4
65. Whatis the
focus ofstrategy for
a firm in cell 3 of the SWOT
a.
analysismatrix?
Exploiting environmental
b. Mitigating external threats and leveraging
opportunities
and minimizing strengths
Improving internal weaknesses

.
resources to pursue
d. Reducing market
opportunities
involvement in the
examined productsor
+66.Whatisthe least markets
favorablesituation for a
firm in the SWOT
analysis matrix?
a. Cell I

Cell 2
C. Cell 3
d. Cell 4

67. What is a limitation ofSWOT analysis mentioned in the text?

a. Overemphasis on external threats

Page 10 of 15 Examiners: Prof. Damoah Obi Berko & Dr.SaviourA,

 b. Lack of consideration for internal weaknesses

.
c. Inability to adaptto changing circumstances

d. Failure to identify competitive advantages

68. What caution is given regarding SWT analysis and planning processes?

a. Plans should be completed and stored for future reference

for changing situations
SWOT
analysis should be done frequently to account
echniques should be avoided in favor of more dynamic approaches
c. Planning tecl
view of a situation
d. SWOT
analysis should be viewed as a one-time
add more rigor and depth in identifying
69. Which approach to internal analysis emerged to
competitive advantages?

a. SWOT analysis
6. Value chain analysis
c. Competitive advantage analysis

d. External environmental analysis

helps businesses understand how they create

70. Value chain analysis is a framework that
of different activities within the
by examining the contributions
customer value
of customer value in the value chain analysis?
business. What are the three basic sources
that lower its cost, and
the product, activities
a. Activities that differentiate
activities that meet customerneeds quickly.
awareness, activities that reduce operational
. Activities that promote brand

complexity, and activities that enhance customer experience.

activities that optimize supply
c. Activities improve employee satisfaction,
that
that drive revenue growth.
chain efficiency, and activities that enhance
activities
that comply with industry regulations,
d. Activities

corporate

in strategic planning?
objectives
71. What is the purpose of long-term
frames for evaluating the firm's progress
a. To provide specific targets and time
for the firm
sense of direction
t. To establish a general

To maximize short-run profitability

c.
short-term goals
in achieving
d. To guide major actions
for long-term
commonly established areas
is NOT one of the
72. Which of the following
objectives?

sa Profitability

b. Productivity
c. Customer satisfaction

·d. Competitive position

from a bad one?
a good objective
73. What distinguishes

and understandability
"a. Flexibility, measurability,
motivation, and suitability
•b. Measurability,
and motivation
'c. Flexibility, measurability,
suitability, and understandability
Measurability,
strategy?
link to the company's
framework
balanced scorecard
74.What does the
& Dr. SaviourA. Nubuor
Damoah Obi Berko
11 of 15 Examíners: Prof.
Page
 and
processes,
business
internal
a.
Financial performance, customer knowledge,
and
learning and growth engagement,
6. satisfaction, employee
Financial performance, customer
market share
and product quality
Profitability, market share, productivity, and social
c.
employee
development,
d. Revenue generation, brand reputation, employee
responsibility

and measures the balanced scorecard framework connected

o How are the objectives in

that lead to the successtu

ra. They are linked by cause-and-effect relationships
implementation of the strategy.
b. They are independent of each other and do not influence one another.
c. They are evaluated separately without any interdependencies.
d. They are randomly assigned and do not contribute to overall performance.

76. What is the rationale behind distributing a sImall amount of profit in the short term and
sowing most of it for long-term rewards?
A.
To maximize short-term profitability
b. To achievelong-term prosperity and growth opportunities

c. To reduce costs and increase dividend payments

d. To maintain a stable market share

77. Which of the following is NOT one of the qualities that long-term objectives should

exhibit?

Flexibility

b. Measurability
Achievability

d. Complexity

specific groups to maximize motivation?

78. How should objectives be tailored to

at a challenging level to stimulate productivity

a. Set objectives

b. Set objectives at an casily attainable level to minimize frustration

C Set objectives at an averagelevel to ensure consistency

level based on individual preferences

d. Set objectives at a subjective

objectives refer to?

leadership in long-term
79. What does the concept of technological
innovation in the industry
at the forefront of technological
a. Being
the technological advancements set by competitors
b. Following
infrastructure and systems
c. Investing heavily in technological efficiencies
through technological
Achieving cost savings
the question of how
addresses
scorecard framework
80. Which perspective of the balanced
to its customers?
should appear
the company

a. Financial perspective
process perspective
b. Internal business
and growth perspective
c. Learning

Obi Berko
& Dr. SaviourA.Nubuor
 . Customerperspective

81. How does the balanced scorecard frameworkassist

It helps
allocation.
in individual and team goal
in

setting,
key managerial processes?

compensation, and resource

b. It focuses solely on budgeting and planning processes.

It provides strategic feedback and learning without any managerial
C.

involvement.
d. Itlimits the scopeto financial performance evaluation only.

82. Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of suitable objectives?

a. They are consistent with the company mission.

8. They are a step toward the attainment of overall goals.

c. They arechallenging enough to mnotivate employees.

d. They are specific and easily measurable.

in the balanced scorecard framework?
83. What is the significance of the four perspectives

company'sperformnance.
a. They providea comprehensive evaluation of the
b. Thev represent separate, unrelated aspects of the company's strategy.
tene

g They focus exclusively on financial measures

for
for decision-making.

evaluating employee performance.

d. They serve as independent benchmarks

how a firm can best compete in

used to describe the core idea about
84. What is the term

the marketplace?
Strategic orientation
a.
b. Generic strategy
c. Differentiation strategy

d. Focus strategy
in the
overall low-cost leadership
focuses on striving for
85. Which generic strategy
industry?
Differentiation strategy

b. Focus strategy

c. Operational excellence

d. Customer intimacy

and choosing business strategies?

86. Which of the followingis NOT a step in evaluating

a. Conducting a SWOTanalysis
the competitive environment
b. Assessing

C. Analyzing financial statements

t Identifying core competencies

through:
advantage can be achieved
87. Sustained competitive

a. Frequent product launches

8. Cost leadership strategy
c. Temporary pricing promotions
changes
d. Reactiveresponse to market

Nubuor
Berko & Dr. Saviour
A.
Obi
Page 13 of 15 Examiners:Prof. Damoah
 88.Dominant product/service businesses typically evaluate diversification opportunities
to:

a Reduce market share

Increase dependency
on a single market
C. core competencies
Strengthen
d. Ignorecustomerdemands

89. Which of the following is NOT a potential sourceof competitive advantage?

a. Economies of scale
s. Brand reputation
c. High employee turnover
d. Technological
innovation

90. The process of evaluating

and choosing business strategies shouldconsider:
a. Short-termprofitability only
b. Internal capabilities only
&. Long-term sustainability and market conditions
d. Competitive actions of rivals only
91. In the context of diversification strategies, related
diversification refers to:

a. Expanding into completelyunrelated industries

b. Acquiring competitorsin the same industry
Expanding within the same industry value chain
d. Pursuing a low-coststrategy in multiple industries

92. Which of the following is a key factor in building sustainable competitiveadvantage?

a. Frequent change of strategic direction

e b. Dependence on a single

Continuous innovationand adaptation

customer

.
d. Avoidance of strategic partnerships

93. The evaluationof businessstrategies should involve:

a. Ignoring market trends and customer preferences

b. Sole reliance on historical data
Regular monitoring and adjustment
d. Focusing solelyon internal capabilities

94. A company pursuing a cost leadership strategy aims to:

Offer unique and premium products

a.

b. Differentiate itself through superiorcustomer service

C. Provide products or servicesat the lowest cost in the industry

t Dominate a specificmarket segment

95. Which of the following statementsaboutcompetitive advantage is true?

a. It can be easily imitatedby competitors

Page 14 of 15 Examíners: Prof. Damoah Obi Berko & Dr. Saviour A.Nubuor
 b. It is
irrelevant in highly
competitive industries
C. Itprovides a sustainable
position in the market
d. It focusessolelyon
short-term
96. A company that differentiates itself
profitability

through unique product features, exceptional

design,and superiorquality is
pursuing a_ strategy.
a. Cost leadership
b. Focus
Differentiation
d. Diversification

97. Which of the following is a potential drawback of diversification as a growth strategy?

a. Reduced business complexity

b. Limited access to new markets
C. Decreased risk exposure
units
A. Increased synergy among business

a focus strategy aims to:

98. A company pursuing
with low-cost products
a. Serve a broad market segment
market segment
productsfor a specific
t. Differentiate its

through product diversification

all market segments
C. Dominate
status quo and avoid
any strategic change
d. Maintain the
and resources that:
are unique capabilities
99. Core competencies
competitors
Are easily acquired by
a. success
company's
Are not relevantto the value creation
b.
comnpetitive
advantage and
for
Provide a basis cost savings
to achieve
Can be outsourced

.
d. strategy?
of a vertical integration
is anexample

100. Which of the following market

into a new
geographic
expands company
company
a
A technology manufacturer acquires a tire manufacturing
b. An automobile a new product
line
chain introduces
A fast-food online presence
storeenhances its
d. A retail
 Business Policy 1/

@dna