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Science 8 SLM5
Science 8 SLM5
Science – Grade 8
Quarter 4 – Module 5: Meiosis
First Edition, 2020
Republic Act 8293, Section 176 states that no copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the
government agency or office wherein the work is created shall be necessary for
exploitation of such work for profit. Such agency or office may, among other things,
impose as a condition the payment of royalties.
This learning material hopes to engage the learners in guided and independent
learning activities at their own pace and time. Further, this also aims to help learners
acquire the needed 21st century skills especially the 5 Cs, namely: Communication,
Collaboration, Creativity, Critical Thinking, and Character while taking into
consideration their needs and circumstances.
In addition to the material in the main text, you will also see this box in the
body of the module:
As a facilitator you are expected to orient the learners on how to use this
module. You also need to keep track of the learners' progress while allowing them to
manage their own learning. Moreover, you are expected to encourage and assist the
learners as they do the tasks included in the module.
For the Learner:
This module was designed to provide you with fun and meaningful
opportunities for guided and independent learning at your own pace and time. You
will be enabled to process the contents of the learning material while being an active
learner.
Posttest - This measures how much you have learned from the
entire module.
EXPECTATIONS
This module is designed and written to help you master the lesson on how sex
cells; sperm cell and egg cell divides for reproduction through the different stages of
cell division called meiosis.
PRETEST
Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
1. What is the type of cell division that produces gametes and prepares the
organism for fertilization during sexual reproduction?
a. cytokinesis
b. meiosis
c. mitosis
d. synapsis
RECAP
Previously we have discussed about the stages of cell cycle and how we
produce body cells (somatic cells) in a process we called mitosis. Let us have a short
review by identifying the stage of mitosis in the following illustrations.
1. 2. 3. 4.
Excellent! You already know the different stages of mitosis and I am sure the
important events in each stage as well. Today, we will be discussing about the other
type of cell division. Let us begin!
LESSON
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki
https://pixabay.com/vectors/chromosomes-genetics-
/File:Haploid_vs_diploid_af2.png
metacentric-156403/
Check out this table of some species and their constant chromosomal number:
Stages of Meiosis
Just like mitosis, meiosis stars with an interphase as well as the other stages
of cell division as what we have been discussed in the previous module. But, in
meiotic division, the parent cell divides twice in which we called Meiosis I and Meiosis
II. Each meiotic division, Meiosis I and II have stages Prophase, Metaphase,
Anaphase and Telophase. Study the diagram of meiosis below.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages.svg
The major difference between mitosis and meiosis occurs in the Prophase I
stage of Meiosis I. Notice that in meiosis, chromosomes pair with their homologues.
The homologous chromosomes pair and intertwine in the process we called,
synapsis. As the synapsis occurs, non-sister chromatids (refer to the diagram)
overlaps and exchange genetic material, a process now we called as crossing-over.
It results to the change in genetic recombination (genetic material between parent
cell and daughter cells will not be strictly identical) this event leads to variation.
Sister chromatids
Non-sister
chromatids
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Figure_11_01_02.jpg
Importance of Meiosis
All organisms have diploid number of chromosomes. Without Meiosis, the
chromosomal number will continue to increase. Hence, meiosis ensures that all the
chromosome number of organisms remains the same generation after generation.
Meiosis also safeguards that each daughter cell receives a copy of each kind
of kind of chromosomes; thus, each daughter cell would receive each kind of genes.
The occurrence of crossing-over and the independent-assortment of chromosomes
during fertilization ensure that the chromosomes are distributed to the daughter
cells in different combinations, bringing about remarkable variations in the
characteristics of the organisms. These variations in characteristics is very helpful
for the organisms to adapt in their changing environment.
Meiosis and Sex Cells
Gametogenesis is the process where sex cells undergo meiosis to form sperm
cells (spermatogenesis) in male and egg cells (oogenesis) in female.
ACTIVITY # 1
PHASES OF MEIOSIS
Direction: Study the illustration of the stages of meiosis below and complete the table
that follows.
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages_-_Numerical_Version.svg
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Name of
Phase
Important
Event in
this
Phase
ACTIVITY # 2
THE BEGINNING
Direction: Choose from the “tiles” below to make a graphic organizer showing the
similarities and differences of spermatogenesis and oogenesis.
Direction: Read carefully the following statements. Tick ( ) the “YAY” column if it
describes the importance of meiosis and “NAY” if it is not.
WRAP-UP
To summarize what we you have learned from this module, write the
chromosomal number of the cell in each stage of meiosis whether diploid (2N) or
haploid (N).
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages_-_Numerical_Version.svg
VALUING
The diagram on the left shows the life
cycle of human and the importance of
meiosis in maintaining the chromosome
number in 46 chromosomes as diploid
number.
POSTTEST
Instructions: Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a
separate sheet of paper.
3. If there are 2 oogonia, how many ova or egg cell will be produced after
meiosis?
a. 1 egg cell
b. 2 egg cells
c. 3 egg cells
d. 4 egg cells
4. Which of the following statement is FALSE about spermatogenesis and
oogenesis?
Websites
1. Commons Wikimedia Org
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages.svg, October 1, 2020
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Haploid_vs_diploid_af2.png, October 1,
2020
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages.svg, October 3, 2020
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Meiosis_Stages__Numerical_Version.svg,
October 5, 2020
https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Biological_Life_Cycle_of_Humans.svg,
October 6, 2020
2. Toppr.com
https://www.toppr.com/ask/question/in-spermatogenesis-a-primary-
spermatocyte-produce-four-similar-sperms-while/; a, October 5, 2020