Introduction to

City-level GHG
Emissions
Inventory
Webinar 2

August 16, 2022

Revised as of 15 June 2022

 • Overview of city-level GHG
inventory
• Accounting and reporting
principles
Outline • Setting the inventory boundary
• Reporting requirements
• Preparing for the conduct of
GHG inventory
• Short quiz
Overview of city-level
GHG inventory
 What are greenhouse gases (GHGs)?

GHGs refer to gases in the atmosphere that absorbs and emits

infrared radiation thereby trapping heat.
• Responsible for the “greenhouse effect”
• Most abundant GHGs:
• Water vapor
• Carbon dioxide (CO2)
• Methane (CH4)
• Nitrous oxide (N20)
Overview of global CO2 emissions

http://www.carbonmap.org
 Cities are at the forefront of climate
emergency

Source: CDP
 Purpose of a GHG inventory

• An inventory enables cities to understand the emissions

contribution of different activities in the community.
• It allows cities to determine where to best direct mitigation
efforts, create a strategy to reduce GHG emissions, and track
their progress.
• Disclosure of GHG emissions data through mandated and voluntary
reporting platforms (e.g. CDP-ICLEI Unified Reporting System)
enhances transparency and give stakeholders easier access to
their results.
 What is GHG inventory?

• An accounting of GHGs emitted or removed from the atmosphere

over a period of time.
• It quantifies and organizes information about GHG emissions
based on common standards and protocols.
• It attributes GHG emissions to an entity (organization, facility),
community, city, or country.
National GHG
Inventory
(Philippines)
Reported as part of the
Second National
Communication (SNC) to the
United Nations Framework
Convention on Climate
Change (UNFCCC)
Example: The Philippines
emitted a total of 157.
MtC02e in 2012.
Sources: WRI CAIT 2.0, 2016, FAOSTAT, 2016
 What is a city-level GHG inventory?

A city-level GHG inventory presents GHG emission and removal data of

local government in a given calendar or fiscal year.

STATIONARY TRANSPORT WASTE INDUSTRIAL AGRICULTURE, OTHER

ENERGY PROCESSES FORESTRY, INDIRECT
AND AND OTHER EMISSIONS
PRODUCT USE LAND USE
Global Protocol for
Community-Scale GHG
Emission Inventories
(GPC)
It offers a robust and clear
framework that builds on existing
methodologies for calculating
and reporting city-wide GHG
emissions, consistent with the
2006 IPCC Guidelines for National
GHG Inventories.
 Low emission development planning &
implementation process

Future
Base year Target
scenario
emissions setting
analysis

GHG
Inventory

Tracking Action
performance
Implement
plan
Accounting and reporting
principles

Principles 丨 Notation Keys

 Accounting and reporting principles

01 02 03 04 05

RELEVANCE COMPLETENESS CONSISTENCY TRANSPARENCY ACCURACY

Shall appropriately reflect Shall account for all Shall be consistent in Activity data, emission Shall not systematically
emissions occurring as a required emission sources approach, boundary, and sources, emission factors, overstate or understate
result of activities and within the inventory methodology to enable and accounting actual GHG emissions.
consumption patterns of boundary. meaningful methodologies require
the city. documentation of changes adequate documentation
over time, trend analysis, and disclosure to enable
and comparisons between verification.
cities.
 Notation keys

IE NE NO C

INCLUDED
ELSEWHERE NOT ESTIMATED NOT OCCURRING CONFIDENTIAL

GHG emissions for this Emissions occur but have An activity or process GHG emissions could lead to
activity are estimated and not been estimated or does not occur or exist disclosure of confidential
presented in another reported. within the city. information and can
therefore not be reported.
category of the inventory.

Where notation keys are used, cities shall provide an accompanying explanation to
justify exclusions or partial accounting of GHG emission source categories.
Setting the inventory
boundary

Geographic boundary 丨 Time period 丨 GHGs 丨 GHG Emission

Sources 丨 Categorizing emissions by scope
 Setting the inventory boundary
GREENHOUSE GASES
(GHGs)

Carbon dioxide (CO2),

GEOGRAPHIC BOUNDARY methane (CH4), nitrous oxide CATEGORIZING EMISSIONS
(NO2), hydrofluorocarbons BY SCOPE
(HFCs), perfluorocarbon
Identifies the spatial
(PFCs), sulfur hexafluoride
dimension or physical Scope 1, Scope 2, Scope 3
(SF6), nitrogen trifluoride
perimeter of the inventory’s
(NF3)
boundary.

02 04

01 03 05
TIME PERIOD GHG EMISSIONS
SOURCES/SECTORS

Single reporting year. The

inventory shall cover a Stationary energy,
continuous period of 12 transportation, waste,
months. industrial processes & product
use (IPPU), agriculture,
forestry, and other land use
(AFOLU), other Scope 3.
Reporting requirements

Scopes Framework 丨 City-induced Framework

 Reporting requirements
Comprehensively report all GHG emissions
from:
• Scope 1: In-boundary
sources/territorial
• Scope 2: Grid-supplied energy
sources/purchased electricity
• Scope 3: Out-of-boundary sources.
Emissions that occur outside of the
LGU boundary as a result of activities
within the boundary.
SCOPES
FRAMEWORK
Report GHG emissions attributable to
activities in the LGU:
• BASIC level reporting: Sources that
occur in most LGUs – stationary
energy, in-boundary transport, waste
• BASIC+ level reporting: More
comprehensive coverage – stationary
energy (including T&D losses), travel
(in-boundary & transboundary), waste,
IPPU, AFOLU.
CITY-INDUCED
FRAMEWORK
Summary of GHG emissions reporting
 GHG emissions report
Scope GHG Emission Sources

GPC
reference Notation
number SECTOR Keys

SUB-SECTORS
 GHG emissions report

Data quality of Explanatory

Emissions in tonnes per
activity data and comments
GHG and total in tCO2e emission factors
 06 REPORT PREPARATION
Preparing for the
conduct of 05 DATA CALCULATION & ANALYSIS

GHG inventory Data insights and emissions hotspots

04 ACTIVITY DATA INPUT TO CALCULATOR

Input activity data gathered to the CCC’s Community-Level
GHG Quantification Spreadsheet

03 WORK & BUDGET PLAN PREPARATION

Timeline, team members’ tasks, transportation &
printing costs
GHG Management
02 IDENTIFY DATA SOURCES
Team
Internal: LGU offices / External: Academe, CSOs,
businesses

01 SET BOUNDARIES
Short Quiz
 Contact Us
Units 3-6 Manila Observatory
Ateneo de Manila University, Loyola Heights,
Quezon City, 1108
Philippines
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+632 8426 0851

+632 7975 2257
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