WORDS and SYNTAX

Group 1
 Vu Thai An ( Leader )
Nguyen Ha Phuong
Group members Cao Vu Nguyen
Pham Thi Nhung
Tran Quang Dat
Nguyen Thi Thuy
1 - WORDS
Definition
In linguistics, a word is typically defined as a
basic unit of language that carries meaning and
can stand alone or be combined with other
words to form sentences.

“ A single unit of language that has meaning and

can be spoken or written “ ( Cambridge dictionary )
Structure

Linguistics analyzes the structure of words, including their

phonological, morphological, and syntactic properties.

This involves studying the sounds (phonemes) that make up

words, their internal structure (morphemes) and their
grammatical functions within sentences.
Grammar

Grammar plays a crucial role in linguistics, how words are organized

and used in language.

This includes :
+ Syntax (sentence structure)
+ Morphology (word formation)
+ Phonology (sound patterns).
Examples of Words

The word : “ run ”

Meaning : to move swiftly Structure: one syllable

on foot so that both or all word with three letters.
feet are not on the
ground during each Grammar: can function
stride. as a verb

Example of usage: "The children run around the

playground.", "She likes to run in the morning."
2 - SYNTAX
Definition
Syntax in linguistics refers to the arrangement of
words and phrases. Syntax covers topics like word
order and grammar rules, such as subject-verb
agreement or the correct placement of direct and
indirect objects.

In a language such as English,
the main device for showing
the relationship among words
is word order.
e.g. in “The girl loves the
boy,” the subject is in initial
position, and the object
follows the verb.
Structure
There are 4 types of
sentence structures :
- Simple sentences
- Compound sentences
- Complex sentences
- Compound-complex
sentences.
 Example
2.Complex: an independent clause
1.Simple: includes the minimum
combined with one or more
requirements for a sentence, with just
subordinate clauses.
a single independent clause.
Ex: We go to the beach in summer
Ex: We go to the beach in summer.
when school is finished.

4.Compound-complex: two
3.Compound: two independent
independent clauses combined with
clauses joined by a coordinating
one or more subordinate clauses.
conjunction or a semicolon.
Ex: We go to the beach in summer, but
Ex: We go to the beach in summer, but
my cat stays home because he doesn’t
my cat stays home.
own a swimsuit.
End of presentation
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