P6 MATHS

Ratio

Do these word problems. Show your working clearly in the space provided.

1. A rectangular metal block measures 30 cm long, 28 cm wide and 20 cm thick. It is made of

copper and zinc in the ratio 7 : 3 by volume. If 1 cm³ of copper has a mass of 7.6 g and 1
cm³ of zinc has a mass of 6.5 g, find the mass of the metal block. Round off your answer to
the nearest kg.

2. There were 64 boys and girls at a party. After an hour, 24 boys left and 30 more girls came
to the party. The ratio of the number of boys to the number of girls at the party then became
2 : 5. How many boys were there at first?

The mass of the metal block is 122 kg.

89 376 + 32 760 = 122 136 g = 122.136 kg ≈ 122 kg
5040 × 6.5 g = 32 760 g
There were 44 boys at first
11 760 × 7.6 g = 89 376 g
20 + 24 = 44
3 units → 1680 × 3 = 5040 cm3
2 units → 2 × 10 = 20
7 units → 1680 × 7 = 11 760 cm3
1 unit → 70 ÷ 7 = 10
7 units → 70 1 unit → 16 800 ÷ 10 = 1680 cm3
2 + 5 units → 70 7 + 3 units → 16 800 cm3
There were 70 boys and girls at the party in the end. The volume of the rectangular metal block is 16 800 cm3.
64 – 24 + 30 = 70 2. 30 × 28 × 20 = 16 800 cm3 Solutions: 1.

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 P6 MATHS

Ratio

Do these word problems. Show your working clearly in the space provided.

1. After Jenny had given Melissa 16 stickers, both had the same number of stickers. Lindy then
gave 24 stickers to Jenny and the ratio of the number of Jenny’s stickers to the original number
of Melissa’s stickers became 5 : 1. How many stickers did Jenny have at first?

2. Arthur and Sam shared some postcards. If Arthur gave 20 postcards to Sam, they would have
the same number of postcards. If Sam gave Arthur 10 postcards, the ratio of the number of
postcards Arthur had to the number of postcards Sam had became 2 : 1. How many postcards
did Arthur have in the end?

Arthur had 120 postcards in the end.

2 × 60 = 120
10 + 20 + 20 + 10 = 60
Jenny had 42 stickers at first.
10 Sam 10 + 16 + 16 = 42
10 20 20 10 Arthur 1 unit → 40 ÷ 4 = 10
After 4 units → 16 + 24 = 40
?
20 10 Sam Melissa

20 20 10 Arthur Jenny

Before 2. 16 + 24 Solutions: 1.

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 P6 MATHS

Ratio

Do these word problems. Show your working clearly in the space provided.

1. Aaron uses 5 pieces of purple-coloured paper and 4 pieces of cream-coloured paper to make
a brochure.
(a) Find the ratio of the pieces of purple-coloured paper to the total pieces of paper Aaron
uses for each brochure.
(b) If Aaron has to make 320 brochures for an event, find the total pieces of cream-coloured
paper he uses.

2. The mass of prawns and the mass of crabs Benny had at his stall was 7 : 3. After an hour, he
sold 15 kg of prawns. The ratio of the mass of prawns to the mass of crabs became 3 : 2.
(a) Find the mass of prawns Benny had at first.
(b) Find the mass of crabs Benny had at first.

The mass of crabs Benny had at first was 18 kg.

6 × 3 = 18 (b) uses is 1280.
The mass of prawns Benny had at first was 42 kg. The total pieces of cream-coloured paper he
14 units → 14 × 3 = 42 (b) 320 × 4 = 1280
1 unit → 15 ÷ 5 = 3 kg for each brochure is 5 : 9.
5 units → 15 kg paper to the total pieces of paper Aaron uses
14 – 9 units → 15 kg The ratio of the pieces of purple-coloured
9 : 6 14 : 6 5 : 9
×33× 2× ×2
3 : 2 7 : 3 5 : 5 + 4
prawns : crabs (a) prawns : crabs 2. (a) purple : total Solutions: 1.

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 P6 MATHS

Mental Maths: Percentage – 55% of Any Numbers

Find the value of 55% of 50.

STRATEGY
Step 1: 50 ÷ 2 = 25 [divide the number by 2]
Step 2: 25 × 11 = 275 [multiply the result obtained in step 1 by 11]
Step 3: 275 ÷ 10 = 27.5 [divide the result obtained in step 2 by 10]

55% of 50 = 27.5

Do these sums mentally.

1. 55% of 30 =

2. 55% of 48 =

3. 55% of 12 =

4. 55% of 64 =

5. 55% of 26 =

6. 55% of 74 =

7. 55% of 96 =

8. 55% of 82 =

9. 55% of 58 =

10. 55% of 44 =

10. 24.2 9. 31.9 8. 45.1 7. 52.8 6. 40.7 5. 14.3 4. 35.2 3. 6.6 2. 26.4 Solutions: 1. 16.5

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