Table of Contents

Year 10 Curriculum Structure 4

VCE Acceleration 5
Considerations in Subject Selection 6
Arts & Technology 7
Year 10 Electives 7
Advanced Food 7
Applied Engineering 7
Architecture 8
Art 8
Bakers’ Delight 8
Computing: Coding & The Internet 9
Drama & Theatre Studies 9
Fashion 9
Media 10
Music Performance 10
Visual Communication Design 11
VCE Sequences 11
English 12
Option A 12
Semester 1 - Language and Power 12
Semester 2 - Feminine Pursuits 13
Option B 13
Semester 1 - The Rage Within 13
Option C 14
Semester 1 - Literary Revolutions 14
Semester 2 - Ultimate Tricksters: Creating an Illusion 14
Health & Physical Education 15
Health 15
Semester 1 Physical Education Electives 16
Hit It 16
The Classic 16
Faster, Higher, Stronger 17
Semester 2 Physical Education Electives 17
Mixed Bag 17
World Games 18
Body Balance 18
The Duke of Edinburgh Award 19
VCE Acceleration 20
Applied Physiology (enrichment) 20

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 Accelerated Health & Human Development (acceleration) 21
Humanities 22
Civics and Finance 22
Year 10 Electives 22
Economics and Business Studies 22
Geography: Sustainable Development 23
History: Making of the Modern World 24
Politics and Legal Studies 24
Philosophy (Meta-cognitive Thinking Enrichment) 25
VCE Sequences 25
Languages 27
French 27
German 27
Indonesian 27
Japanese 28
Policy on External Language Studies 28
External VCE Language subjects at Year 10 28
External enrolment through Victorian School of Languages 29
Mathematics 30
Science 31
Year 10 Science 31
Enrichment Subjects 31
Science (Applied Science) 31
Science (Biology enrichment) 32
Science (Chemistry enrichment) 32
Science (Physics enrichment) 33

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Year 10 Curriculum Structure
Every student must undertake a full year of study in each Domain. The structure of the courses
offered within each Domain has been designed to offer opportunities for choice and enrichment,
while ensuring all students have a strong foundation for further studies in the VCE or IB programs.
Students must choose one stream for each domain.

Domain Semester 1 Semester 2

Year 10 Elective Year 10 Elective

Arts & Technology
VCE Sequence Units 1 & 2
/

Year 10 Elective Sequence

English
(includes two semesters in a sequence)

Year 10 Elective Year 10 Elective

Duke of Edinburgh Award

Health & Physical
Education
Applied Physiology

Accelerated VCE HHD

Business and Civics Year 10 Elective

Humanities
VCE Sequence Units 1 & 2

Continue your Language studies

(French/German/Indonesian/Japanese)

(if studying VCE language externally)

Languages
Supervised VCE Language Study

(if studying non-VCE language externally) (if studying non-VCE language externally)
Non-Languages Elective Non-Languages Elective

Mathematics Year 10 Mathematics

Applied
Science

Biology
Physics
enrichment
Science Biology Chemistry
Chemistry
enrichment

VCE Physics Unit 2

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VCE Acceleration

Students may apply to enrol in a maximum of four units of VCE throughout Year 10. This
includes courses studied outside the School (usually Languages). The relevant options are shaded
pink in the table above.

Here are some examples of possible combinations.

● A student could apply to study History: Modern History Units 1 and 2 and Visual
Communication Design Units 1 and 2, as this would be a total of four units.
● A student could apply to study Accounting Units 1 and 2 and Physics Unit 2, as this would
be a total of three units.
● A student could apply to study Global Politics Units 1 and 2, accelerated Health & Human
Development, and Physics Unit 2, as this would be a total of four units.
● If a student is studying VCE outside Mac.Rob (for example, Vietnamese Units 3 and 4),
they could apply to study Applied Computing Units 1 and 2 (for a total of four units) but
could not also study accelerated Health and Human Development (as that would be a total
of five units)

However, please note: Acceleration into a VCE sequence is not automatic — the academic
rigour and workload in VCE is a big step up from Year 9, so students will only be approved for
these pathways if they have shown a high level of academic achievement and maturity in their
organisation and study skills across their subjects in Year 9. This will be reviewed as part of the
course counselling process.

Students who wish to apply for VCE acceleration must consider other options in case their
preference can not be accommodated.

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Considerations in Subject Selection

Choosing your Year 10 subjects is important, and you should take your time and use the different
sources of information and advice available to you. Here are some important things to consider
when selecting your subjects.

● Choose your subjects based on your interests and ability. You are more likely to
succeed in subjects that you have a passion or aptitude for, and these subjects may open
up pathways for you to succeed in VCE/IB and beyond.

● Use this as a chance to try different things. There are options available at Year 10 that
you might never have had a chance to try before — use the semester electives to try out a
range of different subjects to see if you find something new that you enjoy.

● Your first preferences should be the subjects you most want to study. At both Year 10
and in Senior School, the school uses your subject choices to determine which classes will
run the following year — don’t assume that just because a class wasn’t available this year,
it won’t run next year! The best way to make sure your preferred subject runs is by giving it
your first choice. If it can’t go ahead, we will use your second preference anyway so you
don’t lose out at all.

● There are no subject changes mid year, so choose wisely. You are selecting your
subjects for the full year, so make sure you are happy with your choices!

● Consult widely with teachers, course counsellors, family and friends. Use the course
information provided, and ask questions of your teachers, or other teachers (even if you
haven’t met them, they’ll be happy to help you with questions about subject selections!),
your family, and of course your friends. The more broadly you consult, the more confident
you can be that you have selected the right subjects for you.

● Make sure you follow the process for subject selection, and don’t leave it too late.
The earlier you start thinking and consulting about your subject choices, the better —
don’t leave it to the last minute!

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Arts & Technology
The Arts & Technology curriculum at Mac.Rob offers a broad range of subject choices, as either
Year 10 Electives, or through acceleration in a full-year VCE Unit 1 & 2 sequence.

Year 10 Electives

Advanced Food

This unit is designed for more experienced foodies who have ideally completed at least one Food
Technology unit previously and provides students with more extensive production skills
opportunities. Advanced Food aims to further develop the confidence needed to design and
produce food products, to produce them to a high standard and develop skills and general
capabilities in using technological equipment, when preparing and providing food. Students will
participate in several practical productions and have the opportunity to experiment with different
cooking methods, food types and tastes, master new skills and produce more challenging
recipes. The main areas of study include: investigating and analysing information relating to
current food trends, functional properties of foods, sensory analysis. Students will cook healthy,
fast and affordable food from a range of cuisines. Assessment will be based on participation in
weekly production sessions and the design production and evaluation of two design briefs.

Applied Engineering

Engineering is the ultimate field for challenge and creativity and this subject will require students
to apply mathematics, science and technology in a hands-on approach. Students will investigate
and make judgments on how the characteristics and properties of materials are combined with
force, motion and energy to create engineered solutions. They will explore kinetic, and potential
energy sources. They will engage in applications of renewable technologies, become critical users
of (pilot) technologies, designers and producers of designed solutions. Students consider the
economic, environmental and social impacts of technological change and how the choice and use
of technologies may contribute to a sustainable future. In addition to the hands-on projects,
students will engage in scientific research and reporting; advanced data analysis and
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interpretation with Microsoft Excel and other in-house software; learn to read engineering
technical drawings and draw 2D and model 3D objects with Sketchup software. Students will be
problem solvers, organisers, communicators and designers. They will have an opportunity to take
a thought, or abstract idea, and translate it into reality. This subject develops independent thinking
and creative skills transferable to all subjects, as well as some technical skills that link well into
Applied Computing, VCD, Physics, Environmental Science and Chemistry.

Architecture

Year 10 Architecture is a companion subject to Visual Communication Design, with an emphasis

on environmental design, which encompasses architectural design, interior design, landscape
design, set design and exhibition/display design. Students develop understanding and awareness
of environmental design considerations, through investigation of contemporary and historical
architectural designs. Focus areas for this course include the investigation of environmentally
sustainable design and creative and critical design thinking strategies. Throughout this course
students develop practical skills with freehand and technical drawing, including architectural
drawing methods, manual and digital rendering, plus 3D conceptual and scale model making.

Art

Year 10 Art has a practical focus on “Identity and Culture” which develops artistic skills and
capabilities, giving students the chance to create and refine individual artworks that convey
meaning. Art analysis and appreciation builds visual literacy, deepening understanding of artists’
practice from traditional to contemporary artistic movements and artists, contexts and cultures.
Students explore and experience a range of art-making processes, subject matter and art
influences. Students will be given the opportunity to work in a variety of media they wish to
pursue, including painting, drawing, photography, 3D and more. This unit enhances
self-confidence and reflection, creative problem-solving capabilities and critical thinking.

Bakers’ Delight

This Food Technology unit focuses on developing skills and cultivating a passion for the planning
and production of various foods with a specific focus on sweet and savoury baked goods and the
evaluation of the processes and products produced. The main areas of study include:
investigating and analysing information relating to current food trends, functional properties of

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foods, food and equipment suitable for baking methods and high profile people in the food
industry. Assessment will be based on collaboration and participation in production sessions,
developing creative solutions to design brief criteria, the production and evaluation of a selected
food item and a visual presentation of one high profile chef/cook.

Computing: Coding & The Internet

Are you interested in how computers and smart devices send and receive data over the internet?
Do you want to learn to code? In this subject, students will evaluate existing websites and learn to
manipulate styling such as images, colour, font and layout using HTML and CSS code for
appealing and clear websites. They will also learn the programming language JavaScript to make
interactive websites. They will learn about computer networking, hardware and software. The
development and technologies of the internet is a focus of this subject and students will gain an
understanding of the ways data is sent around the world at incredible speeds. This subject is
suitable for students of any level of experience and helps to prepare students for VCE Applied
Computing and/or Software Development.

Drama & Theatre Studies

This course builds on the Year 9 Drama program, although it is possible to do the course without
prior background. The course focuses on developing drama skills (voice, movement, gesture) in
the context of three specific theatre styles:
● Naturalism (Stanislavsky)
● Non-naturalism (Brecht)
● Shakespearean Monologues.
Students devise, direct, and perform their own work as well as using published scripts. Students
develop their performance skills, play-building skills and their ability to critically analyse their own
work, the work of their peers and professional actors. This course provides for both IB Theatre
and VCE Theatre Studies pathways.

Fashion

Have you always wanted to design and make your own clothes? Now you can! Students will learn
how to use a sewing machine and a commercial dress making pattern to make a garment of their
own choice. Dressmaking skills: such as reading patterns, cutting fabric, making darts, pleats and

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gathering, making button holes, inserting zips and more to create a garment fit for everyday wear
or a special occasion will be developed. For students who have previous experience in fashion
construction, there is the opportunity to learn how to make more complex garments, manipulate
patterns and add embellishments to create a unique garment. Students will take part in a runway
fashion parade modelling their clothing and designs. Students will learn how to draw like a
professional fashion designer and use these skills to design their own fashions and create new
trends. They will discover the rules and tricks to make croquis and designs fit for fashion
magazines and/or the runway.

Media

The media is a vast, ever evolving entity which has the power to shape entire movements and
express immense cultural changes. It can be used as an art form, a political statement, as a form
of communication, and so much more. Year 10 Media aims to increase students’ knowledge of
and engagement with film and screen-based media products. Media from diverse cultures and
contexts provide alternative lenses for storytelling and perception of the world around us.
Students will watch and reflect on texts they may not otherwise be familiar with and expand their
repertoire of aesthetic approaches in their own creative products. Students will undertake an
exploration and development of skills that they are interested in pursuing, while also developing
key analytical skills to allow them to be critical media consumers. Assessment for this subject
includes opportunities for students to build both practical and analytical media skills.

Music Performance

This subject will allow the student to develop further musicianship skills (theory, aural perception,
audiation, and transcription) and performance skills (solo & ensemble playing/improvisation) on
their chosen instrument(s). This subject will also explore musical styles & investigate its historical
culture through research and analysis activities. The outcome for the subject will be a
development of sensitivity to aesthetic considerations and confidence to musically express and
create. This subject is designed for any students currently undertaking instrumental or vocal
lessons and prepares students for VCE Music Performance.

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Visual Communication Design

Year 10 Visual Communication Design develops students' understanding of the world of design,
which encompasses Graphic Design, Packaging, Advertising, Architecture, Interior Design,
Product Design, Illustration and Typography. Students investigate how visual language is used to
convey ideas and influence the target user, examining the influence of 20th century design
movements and the impact of historical and social factors. Students develop an understanding of
the design process and creative, critical and reflective design thinking strategies. Focus areas for
the Year 10 course includes Message Design, Object Design, the Elements and Principles of
Design and the Design Process. Throughout this course, students develop practical skills with
freehand and technical drawing, ana a variety of media and digital design methods.

VCE Sequences

Students have the opportunity to apply to accelerate into a Unit 1 & 2 sequence, which is a
full-year commitment and will take the place of both of their Year 10 Arts & Technology elective
semesters. Students will need to discuss this option with their teachers as part of the course
counselling process.

The Unit 1 & 2 courses available for VCE Arts & Technology acceleration are:

● Applied Computing
● Art Making and Exhibiting
● Food Studies
● Media
● Music
● Theatre Studies
● Visual Communication Design

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English
In Year 10 , students have a choice of three pairs of electives to choose from. Each pairing
explores different types of texts and ways of exploring them. Some key points about the three
options:

● All three options cover the same Victorian Curriculum English content as part of the
Mac.Rob Guaranteed and Viable Curriculum (GVC).
● All three options contain the same assessment tasks across the two semesters — a
creative task, a text analysis task, two oral presentations and two analytical responses.
● All three options are designed to prepare students for all VCE and IB English options —
students should choose based on personal interest.

Elective pairings
Semester 1 Semester 2

Option A Language and Power Feminine Pursuits

Option B The Rage Within Monster Empathy

Option C Literary Revolutions Ultimate Tricksters

Option A

Semester 1 - Language and Power

In the first area of study, Language and Identity, students will look at how language can be used
as a vehicle for the reclaiming of previously silenced voices and the expression of cultural identity.
In the second area of study, Languages in Power, students will examine which languages and
ways of speaking are valued over others and the issues this leads to. Finally, in Language and
Power, students explore the ways in which language has been weaponised to disempower social
groups, drawing parallels between real world totalitarian regimes and what we see in fictional
texts. Key topics include: patriarchy, intersectional experiences, prejudice and discrimination, and
the post-colonial condition.

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Semester 2 - Feminine Pursuits

Throughout the twentieth century, the manner in which women have been represented in art has
predominantly been in the hands of men. This course provides a space for women’s
representation of women to take centre stage. In this subject. students study texts by female
writers which portray women struggling to tread their own paths. By following these women - both
the artists and the protagonists - students will reflect on their pursuits of happiness and what this
means for society and culture today.

Option B

Semester 1 - The Rage Within

Students explore themes of justice, morality, and how we split our society. They will examine rage
worthy historical and social events that have defined who we are across the ages. Students are
encouraged to get fired up in class discussions contributing commentary about these injustices.
Over the course of the semester students will study a range of written and visual texts including
the set novel, a film, and supporting supplementary texts including current literary debates.

Semester 2 - Monster Empathy

When you watch a monster movie, read a comic about a strange being or read a novel about
otherworldly creatures, do you tend to empathise more with the creatures than with the humans in
the story? Do you wonder how the aliens feel after they’ve been defeated? In this course,
students read a range of stories from the last thousand years of literature. They look closely at the
plight of those unusual beings. The focus of this subject is about how monstrous beings are
exploited by authors to reflect the concerns of the time.

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Option C

Semester 1 - Literary Revolutions

This subject provides a whirlwind tour of three great movements of literary history: Romanticism,
Modernism and Postmodernism. You will explore the cultural trends, ideological battles, and
aesthetic heights of each movement through a range of literary works. From the impassioned
intellectual ferment of the Romantics, the abstraction and alienation of the Modernists, to the
negotiation of identity, place, and meaning in the Postmodern period, students will interrogate the
interdependent relationship between society and literature across history.

Semester 2 - Ultimate Tricksters: Creating an Illusion

In this course students will analyse examples of trickery, deception and persuasion, exploring how
confidence and methods of trickery can be used to persuade intended audiences. Students will
engage in the analysis of multiple texts in which the protagonists undertake methods of trickery in
order to achieve a purpose. The moral and ethical obligations of trickery will be considered.
Students will participate in class discussions and close analysis of texts, and form opinions and
arguments which respond to the central ideas in the texts.

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Health & Physical Education
Year 10 Health and Physical Education focuses on enhancing students’ knowledge, skills and
behaviours essential for developing and maintaining physical, mental, social and emotional health.
This domain promotes the importance of healthy lifestyle habits and physical activity, as well as
refining personal and social skills critical for improved wellbeing. Through participation in physical
activity, games, sport and outdoor recreation, students experience a sense of community and
social connectedness.

Students have three pathways to choose from:

● Year 10 Health & Physical Education - Students are required to select one PE elective to
undertake in Semester 1, followed by a different PE elective for semester 2. An overview of
each PE elective is provided below. Regardless of the PE elective chosen, all students will
undertake the same health content.
● Duke of Edinburgh Award - This is a year long elective. Importantly, students undertaking
this award will study key topics from the Year 10 Health curriculum alongside their Duke of
Edinburgh programme. Students must read the description of the Duke of Edinburgh
Award provided below.
● VCE Acceleration - VCE acceleration will require students to develop knowledge and skills
beyond the curriculum stipulated for year 10s, and as such, only students who feel they
are capable of this acceleration should select this elective, in consultation with their course
counsellors. There are two VCE acceleration courses offered; Accelerated Health & Human
Development and Applied Physiology.

Health

Year 10 Health encompasses a broad range of focus areas such as: Indigenous health, nutrition,
risk taking behaviours, respectful relationships and mental health. Throughout these topics,
students examine physical, mental, social and emotional health and critique factors and
behaviours that impact on health, safety and wellbeing. They explore the promotion of health of
individuals and the community through the use of specific strategies and the provision of health
resources, services and products.

Students will use health data to explore personal behaviours and community actions that
contribute to the health of specific groups and compare this to the health status of other
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populations. While studying nutrition, students analyse influences on food selection and the role
of nutrition on health, growth and development. Students will explore perceptions of risk and
safety in a variety of settings, in particular, relationships. Through this topic, students will focus on
safety and developing strategies to minimise harm associated with particular situations or
behaviours. They will investigate community facilities available for health and physical fitness
activities, and explore how they might use them to maintain their wellbeing.

Semester 1 Physical Education Electives

Hit It

The Hit It elective focuses on sports and games where students hit and strike. Students develop
proficiency in a range of high-level movement and manipulative skills focusing on striking sports.
This elective helps improve skill acquisition, tactical knowledge, game sense, spatial awareness
and sportsmanship. Sports included in Hit It are:

● Bat Tennis
● Badminton
● Tennis
● Racquetball / Squash / Golf
● Indoor Hockey
● Cricket
● Softball

The Classic

In The Classic elective, students will explore typical Australian sports. Throughout each unit,
students will develop proficiency in a range of high-level movement and manipulative skills in a
range of sports. These sports help improve team skills, game sense, tactical knowledge, spatial
awareness, skill acquisition and sportsmanship. Sports included in The Classic are:

● Netball
● Indigenous games
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 ● Aussie Rules Football
● Softball
● Badminton
● Cricket
● Create a game

Faster, Higher, Stronger

Faster, Higher, Stronger is the English translation of the Olympic motto “Citius, Altius, Fortius”, and
as such this elective focuses on enhancing athletic performance. Faster, Higher, Stronger focuses
on improving fitness for everyday health and wellbeing through exploring a wide range of training
methods and activities. Activities included in this elective are:
● Core Training
● Bike education
● Resistance training
● Aerobic training (including running)
● Boxing
● Interval training
● Swimming (reliant on timetable)

Semester 2 Physical Education Electives

Mixed Bag

Throughout the semester, students develop proficiency in a range of high-level movement and
manipulative skills across a range of sports. These sports help improve team skills, game sense,
tactical knowledge, spatial awareness, skill acquisition and sportsmanship. Sports included in
Mixed Bag are:

● Minor games
● Basketball
● Soccer

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 ● Volleyball
● Hockey
● Ultimate Frisbee

World Games

The World Games elective focuses on games with different countries of origin. Students develop
proficiency in a range of high-level movement and manipulative skills across a range of
international sports. Students will develop their team skills, game sense, tactical knowledge,
spatial awareness, skill acquisition and sportsmanship. Sports included in World Games are:

● Lacrosse
● Euro Handball
● Indoor Hockey
● Ultimate Frisbee
● Touch footy
● Futsal
● Quidditch
● Gaelic football

Body Balance

The Body Balance elective will focus on activities that involve creative movement, physical
strength and fitness to promote good body balance and posture. Activities included in this unit will
be:

● Dance
● Aerobics
● Flexibility training
● Gymnastics (artistic and rhythmic)
● Yoga
● Pilates
● Core Training

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The Duke of Edinburgh Award

Note: This elective will run for the entire year.

While completing the Duke of Edinburgh award, students will continue their Health and Physical
Education studies. Each fortnight, a number of lessons will be allocated to completing required
components of the Duke of Edinburgh award. For the remainder of lessons students will learn year
10 Health content as well as engage in Physical Education.

The Duke of Edinburgh award is an internationally recognised program for youth and provides the
opportunity for students to participate, and at a minimum, achieve the Bronze level of the award.
The student-led award allows individuals to challenge themselves while developing important
skills such as leadership, communication, teamwork whilst participating in a variety of activities.

There are four sections that participants undertake and complete in order to achieve their Bronze
Award. The sections are:

● Voluntary Service, to learn how to give useful service to others and connect with your
community.

● Physical Recreation, to encourage participation in sport and other physical recreation for
the improvement of health, wellbeing and fitness.

● Skills, to encourage the development of personal interests and practical and social skills.

● Adventurous Journey, to encourage a spirit of adventure whilst undertaking a team journey

or expedition.

During classes, time is spent ensuring all participants have a clear understanding of the award
requirements. Students then develop the skills and knowledge necessary to complete their
adventurous journey such as orienteering and navigation, tent set-up, packing a hiking backpack,
bush cooking, camping hygiene, basic first-aid and survival, care of the environment, observation
and recording.

Note: This elective involves an additional fee of approximately $189-$199, depending on the
award level. This cost is determined by the Duke of Edinburgh Operating Authority and is required
to undertake the Award. This costing covers students' log book fees, insurance and handbooks.

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An additional cost of approximately $400 will also be required for the adventurous journeys. This
is an essential component of the Duke of Edinburgh Award with all funds supporting the cost
of accommodation, transport, gear hire and gear maintenance.

VCE Acceleration

Students wishing to accelerate in their Health & Physical Education studies need to select one of
the electives below. Each elective runs for a full year.

Alongside each acceleration elective, students will complete essential units of Year 10 Health such
as Respectful Relationships and Mental Health.

Applied Physiology (enrichment)

Note: This elective does not contribute any VCE units to student subject selections, however does
introduce students to knowledge and skills that prepare learners for Units 3 & 4 VCE Physical
Education.

This elective allows students to explore the capabilities, anatomy and physiology of the human
body from multiple scientific perspectives. Students will analyse the science of movement through
participating in practical laboratories and reflecting on data collected through movement
experiences. Applied physiology draws on a range of science learning areas including biology,
psychology and physics. This subject is recommended for students who are interested in
undertaking Units 3 & 4 Physical Education or who wish to pursue a career in health, medicine,
data analysis or sports management/performance.

The practical component of this subject will be guided by the teacher and student agency.
Students are likely to explore a variety of physical activities including invasion games, striking and
fielding activities, net/wall games, creative movement activities and fitness training.

Year 10 Applied Physiology is an accelerated pathway completed at Year 10 that is designed to

build foundational knowledge and skills that will prepare you to undertake units 3 & 4 Physical
Education.

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Accelerated Health & Human Development (acceleration)

Note: This elective contributes one VCE unit to the students subject selection.

Through this elective, students will undertake Unit 1 of VCE Health & Human Development.
Students analyse factors that influence people's health including socioeconomic determinants,
attitudes and practices, among different population groups and including among Aboriginal and
Torres Strait Islander peoples. Students look at multiple dimensions of health and wellbeing, the
complex interplay of influences on health and wellbeing, and the indicators used to measure and
evaluate health status. Students extend their understanding of the role of nutrition and food
marketing, and analyse the role of food intake in building a healthy lifestyle. With a focus on youth,
students consider their own health as individuals and as a cohort. They build health literacy
through interpreting and using data, through investigating the role of food, and through extended
inquiry into one youth health focus area.

The practical component of this subject will be guided by the teacher and student agency.
Students are likely to explore a variety of physical activities including invasion games, striking and
fielding activities, net/wall games, creative movement activities and fitness training.

Year 10 Accelerated HHD is an accelerated pathway completed at Year 10 that is designed to

build foundational knowledge and skills that will prepare you to undertake units 3 & 4 Health &
Human Development.

* * *

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Humanities
In Year 10, all students will study Civics and Finance as a core Humanities subject for one
semester. They will then have the opportunity to select a Humanities elective for a second
semester of Humanities study.

Alternatively, students may apply to accelerate in a Unit 1 & 2 VCE Humanities sequence, which is
a full-year commitment and will replace both the Civics and Finance and elective semesters.

Civics and Finance

How is government policy shaped and developed? What strategies can be used to manage
financial risks and rewards? In Civics, students will build their understanding of Australia’s political
system and how it responds to contemporary issues. They will examine the ways political parties
influence government and decision-making processes. In Finance, students will develop their
financial literacy skills by identifying sources of income and wealth, explore Australia’s taxation
system and superannuation, and explain the role of financial institutions. Students will investigate
the different strategies for managing financial risks and rewards, including a deep dive into various
investments including the stock market, bonds, savings, property & infrastructure and
cryptocurrencies. By the end of Civics and Finance, students will have the knowledge,
understanding and skills to participate actively and ethically in Australia’s democracy and
economy.

Year 10 Electives

Economics and Business Studies

This elective introduces students to the study of economics and the environment in which
businesses operate in Australia. Students consider the key concepts of economics; the study of
scarcity, opportunity cost and the factors of production. With this knowledge students learn about
how wealth is generated and distributed in different types of economic systems. They study the

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market economy in detail and make comparisons with the planned economy. Reference is made
to Australia’s economic system and contemporary economic issues. Students will also have the
opportunity to engage in a unit on globalisation as they explore Australia’s position within Asia and
the global economy. Students will study the key drivers of globalisation including international
trade, the movement of people, multinational corporations and the transport and communications
revolution. Students will analyse some of the key opportunities and threats that globalisation
presents us with and they will also be given the opportunity to examine some of the major global
challenges facing our world today.

The Business Studies unit explores the different forms of business entities: Sole Trader,
Partnerships, Proprietary Limited Companies and Public Companies. Students learn about
enterprising behaviours and capabilities that are transferable into life, work and business
opportunities. Students also analyse the factors that need to be considered when developing a
successful business plan including marketing, entrepreneurship, location and the role of
technology.

Geography: Sustainable Development

Year 10 Geography explores two major topics relevant to the notion of sustainable development:
human wellbeing, and environmental change and management.

Students investigate how economic and social development can provide pathways towards
improving living conditions and overcoming poverty and disadvantage. The course covers the
factors that affect development, including its links with population change and urbanisation, and
investigates the disparity in wealth within and between countries through the analysis of selected
countries. It also examines the role of the United Nations, governments and non-government
organisations in attempting to improve these conditions across the world. A case study of an
international place, India, is used to explore the themes in detail.

In addition, students investigate environmental changes of the modern era and the strategies
necessary to mitigate them. The course covers the ecosystem services that sustain human
communities, and the environmental impacts of development that undermine these benefits,
including climate change, land degradation and loss of biodiversity. Students explore in detail the
concept of sustainable development of coastal environments. This includes the exploration of

23
approaches learnt by the Dutch and how they were adapted into ICZM across the world. Students
also conduct a fieldwork-based investigation of a local coastal environment.

History: Making of the Modern World

Year 10 History begins with an examination of the struggle for human rights, after the atrocities of
World War Two and the Holocaust. Students will understand the significance of the creation of the
Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the United Nations. Students will explore the
emergence of the Civil Rights movement during the 1950s in the United States of America. They
will also investigate the origins of the Civil Rights movement in Australia for First Nation
Australians and evaluate how their rights and freedoms have been ignored, demanded and
achieved post colonisation. Students will then explore various political crises throughout the
globalising world. Reform, betrayal, dismissal; the Whitlam Labor government only ruled for 3
years, but the programs implemented during this time, and the circumstances in which Prime
Minister Gough Whitlam was dismissed by the Governor General have lived on in infamy.
Students in class will evaluate and investigate the developments during this tumultuous time, and
find out once and for all how and why a democratically elected Australian Prime Minister was
dismissed from power. Students will also explore at least one of popular culture, migration
experiences, and the environment movement throughout the twentieth century.

Politics and Legal Studies

How is Australia’s democracy defined and shaped by the global context? How does Australia’s
court system work in support of a democratic and just society? What are the features of a resilient
democracy? This elective develops students’ knowledge and understanding of Australia’s
democracy, and the key institutions, processes, and roles people play in Australia’s political and
legal systems. In Politics, students compare Australia’s federal system of government with another
system of government in Asia. They consider key features, such as elections, political parties, the
separation of powers, the rule of law, and the protection of human rights and freedoms. With this
knowledge, students explore and reflect on the cultural influences that shape Australia’s political
system. In Legal Studies, students study the purpose and work of the High Court, and investigate
the features of Australia’s court system, including its role in applying and interpreting Australian
law. They discuss the key principles of Australia’s justice system, including equality before the

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law, independent judiciary, and right of appeal, and consider how each works to protect citizens
and contribute to a fair society. Politics and Legal Studies concludes with an inquiry into the
challenges to, and ways of, sustaining a resilient democracy and cohesive society.

Philosophy (Meta-cognitive Thinking Enrichment)

Have you ever considered that your thinking ability needs some sharpening? If you are interested
in knowing how to argue well, speak with clarity and confidence to arrive at a well-informed,
considered position, then Y10 philosophy is for you. The class starts with the foundation of
Western Philosophy: The Three Big Greeks. We begin our journey into thinking slow then thinking
fast by learning the principles of different types of arguments. Students learn how to critique poor
reasoning by identifying fallacies and rhetorical ploys in arguments. To understand complex and
abstract ideas, students present a range of thought experiments to the class. Once students
develop the tools for sharpening their minds and by extension, their understanding through
meta-cognitive thinking skills, students apply the ideas to contemporary issues before
understanding Plato’s Allegory of the Cave. This subject develops a deep capacity for empathy;
however, language skills using clear, concise and sophisticated language, specifically for
speaking and writing, is transferrable across different subjects in addition to preparing you for
VCE Philosophy.

VCE Sequences

Students have the opportunity to apply to accelerate into a Unit 1 & 2 sequence, which is a
full-year commitment and will take the place of their Civics and Business and Humanities elective
semesters. Students will need to discuss this option with their teachers as part of the course
counselling process.

The Unit 1 & 2 courses available for VCE Humanities acceleration are:

● Accounting ● Legal Studies

● Australian and Global Politics ● Modern History
● Economics ● Philosophy
● Geography
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Languages
At Mac.Rob all students in Year 10 are required to be enrolled in a Language study. In an
increasingly globalised world it is imperative that young people are equipped to participate in a
global economy and society. The knowledge of other languages provides our students with the
skills to operate in our increasingly connected world.

French

Year 10 French builds on the skills, concepts and cultural knowledge which were developed in
Year 9. Students will learn about the French-speaking community around the world and discover
the riches of the French capital - Paris! Students learn to express themselves using more complex
grammar and vocabulary linked to themes studied such as travel, future plans, world of work and
the environment. Students’ language skills are tested through a variety of assessments including
extended writing tasks, oral interviews, role plays and reading/listening comprehension tasks.
Through participation in the French Poetry Competition, students refine their pronunciation and
build an appreciation for French literature. By the end of the Year 10 course, students are
equipped with the skills to be able to communicate with native speakers in authentic scenarios.

German

In Year 10 German, students are encouraged to build on the knowledge and skills accumulated at
Year 9 level.

More complex grammar and more extensive vocabulary are learned and practised. Reading,
writing and speaking skills are further developed. Students are encouraged to express
themselves more freely in spoken and written German. The language, culture, history and
geography of the German speaking countries are taught using a variety of authentic teaching
resources.

Indonesian

The Year 10 Indonesian course aims to develop the skills acquired by students in Year 9. The Year
10 course emphasises the strong relationship between language and culture. Activities
concentrate on developing speaking and writing skills. Students are also introduced to a more
sophisticated grammar and vocabulary. Year 10 students are encouraged to apply this new
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vocabulary, idioms and structure to their oral and written Indonesian. Students are also expected
to develop a more complete knowledge and understanding of Indonesian history, geography, art,
religion and music.
All students in Year 10 also have the opportunity to participate in competitions such as the
Sayembara Lisan Speaking competition and go on excursions to local Indonesian cultural sites
such as the Indonesian Consulate and authentic restaurants.

Japanese

The Year 10 Japanese course will extend the socio-cultural knowledge and linguistic skills
acquired in Year 9. In accordance with the Australian Languages Level (ALL) Guidelines, an
integrated approach will be adopted in the development of the four linguistic skills of speaking,
listening, reading and writing. Katakana (loan words and script) and Kanji (Chinese characters) will
receive more attention at this level. Every attempt will be made to encourage students to ‘own’
the learning process and use Japanese in an authentic and natural way using a variety of
authentic teaching resources.

Policy on External Language Studies

External VCE Language subjects at Year 10

Mac.Rob makes no stipulation about when students must complete external Language studies. It
depends on a student’s workload and readiness to begin the final year of the Language course,
including assessment which will count towards a Study Score for the subject.

● Year 10: Some students feel they have done sufficient preparation for the Language by
this time and are ready to proceed with Units 3 & 4. Clearly, a high degree of language
proficiency is required for this to occur. Such a decision cannot be made by the student
alone. Students must discuss this with their Language teacher as well as with their
parents/carers. Note that this Unit 3/4 Language counts towards the six total Unit 3/4
subjects that are completed while at Mac.Rob.

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 ● Year 11: This is the most common time for students to complete Units 3 & 4 in their
external Language. The advantage in waiting until Year 11 is that students are more
mature, have more developed study habits and have had greater exposure to the
language.

As mentioned above, this Unit 3/4 Language counts towards the six total Unit 3/4 subjects
completed while at Mac.Rob. All Year 11 students complete a Unit 3/4 subject while in Year 11.
This external Language would therefore be that subject, and students will be provided with
supervised study time in lieu of their Year 10 language classes within the timetable. These are not
free periods, but are intended to support their language learning.

In cases where students are permitted to select two Unit 3/4 subjects in Year 11, they may study
their external Language and one other Unit 3/4 subject at Mac.Rob. Whilst enrolment in an
external Language in Year 10 satisfies the requirements to complete a core Language, proof of
enrolment and continuation of External Language studies throughout Year 10 is required for
students to withdraw from Language in .

If a student is studying an external VCE language course, they will be provided with supervised
study time in lieu of their Year 10 language classes within the timetable. These are not free
periods, but are intended to support their language learning.

External enrolment through Victorian School of Languages

For students externally enrolled in a non-VCE language program through a formally accredited
language school (eg, Chinese), this may be considered their compulsory Language.

Many Year 10 students will continue with their Mac.Rob allocated language in addition to their
external language. However, some students will choose to make their external Language class
their compulsory Language requirement.

For students who discontinue their Language study at school, they are able to choose two
additional semester-length subjects from other Domains, and should discuss this with their
teachers during the course counselling process.

Whilst students are able to continue with only their external language, it is advantageous for
students to consider continuing with both their internal and external languages. For those
considering the IB pathway, it is also strongly recommended that students continue their internal
language to ensure they are appropriately prepared for the demands of the IB Language course.
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Mathematics
Year 10 Mathematics exposes students to more advanced concepts and applications of the skills
taught in Mathematics in earlier years and will begin to bring previously separate ideas together in
new contexts. An environment of curiosity is fostered and clear mathematical communication is
emphasised. A key component of the course will be using technology to explore concepts in
depth by further developing students’ computer algebraic system calculator (CAS) skills.

The curriculum strands studied are Number and Algebra, Statistics and Probability, Measurement
and Geometry. Students will continue to use the Cambridge 10 & 10A Essential Mathematics for
the Victorian Curriculum text book and this will be augmented with additional resources designed
to support and extend students. The Year 10 Mathematics program is designed to provide a
strong foundation and the prerequisite knowledge for the VCE Units 1 & 2 Mathematics subjects
and Year 11 IB streams.

Year 10 students will generally not be able to study Units 1 & 2 Mathematical Methods. Research
and our experience show that there is more benefit for student learning, growth and overall
achievement when students delve deeply into concepts that support advanced mathematical
study during Year 9 and 10. Higher level mathematical thinking is also supported by greater
maturity and this can be compromised by undertaking Methods early. We do, however, recognise
that amongst our cohort there are some students who are exceptionally advanced in Mathematics
and may benefit from additional challenge. We therefore take an individual pathways approach for
these students.

A very small number of students who demonstrate consistently outstanding results, together with
excellent learning habits and maturity, may be invited by the Academic Selection Committee to
undertake Units 1&2 Methods in Year 10 if they wish. Any such invitations will be sent at the end
of Term 2.

All Year 10 students will be enrolled in Year 10 Mathematics when subject selections are made
unless they have received and accepted an invitation to study Units 1&2 Methods.

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Science
Year 10 Science will be offered as a Core subject (three terms, studying Biology, Chemistry and
Physics) with Enrichment (one term) in one of:

● Applied Science, or
● Biology, or
● Chemistry, or
● Physics.

Each of the four options for enrichment will give the necessary core skills and prerequisite
knowledge for any of the sciences in VCE Units 1& 2 or Year 11 IB streams. Each of the four
Science options will include three terms of Biology, Chemistry and Physics which will be common
to all students, followed by one term of the specific enrichment.

Year 10 Science
In year 10, students will explore scientific understanding, including models, theories, and
technological advances in each of the biological, chemical, and physical sciences. Students will
engage in laboratory experimentation, assess risks, and address ethical issues associated with
concepts taught across the year.

Enrichment Subjects

Science (Applied Science)

In this enrichment, students will gain a deeper understanding of the sciences and how they
intermingle by exploring Biology, Psychology, Chemistry and Physics in the areas of Forensic and
Environmental Sciences. This subject is strongly recommended for students seeking enrichment
in applied sciences and an appreciation of how science is used in real life applications.

At the completion of Science/Applied Science, students can undertake:

● IB (Year 1): Biology, Chemistry, Psychology

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 ● VCE Unit 1 & 2: Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Psychology

● VCE Unit 3 & 4: Biology, Environmental Science, Psychology

Note: Students will be expected to maintain a strong work ethic and good results in Year 10
Science in order to be accepted to accelerate in Units 3 & 4.

Science (Biology enrichment)

In this enrichment, students will deepen their understanding of the scientific method (researching,
designing and analysing). They will consolidate their practical investigation skills, performing
experiments of their own design. This subject is strongly recommended for students wishing to
undertake IB Biology (Year 1), or for students with a passion for the biological sciences.
At the completion of this subject, students can undertake:

● IB (Year 1): Biology, Chemistry, Psychology

● VCE Unit 1 & 2: Biology, Chemistry, Physics, Psychology

● VCE Unit 3 & 4: Biology, Environmental Science, Psychology

Note: Students will be expected to maintain a strong work ethic and good results in Year 10
Science in order to be accepted to accelerate in Units 3 & 4.

Science (Chemistry enrichment)

In this enrichment, students will gain a deeper understanding in the chemical sciences by
exploring ideas such as the mole and stoichiometry, volumetric titrations and they will be
introduced to additional reactions including redox. This subject is strongly recommended for
students wishing to undertake IB Chemistry (Year 1), or for students who want to develop a
deeper understanding of the chemical sciences.

At the completion of this subject, students can undertake:

● IB (Year 1): Chemistry, Biology, Psychology

● VCE Unit 1 & 2: Chemistry, Biology, Physics, Psychology

● VCE Unit 3 & 4: Biology, Environmental Science, Psychology

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Note: Students will be expected to maintain a strong work ethic and good results in Year 10
Science in order to be accepted to accelerate in Units 3 & 4.

Science (Physics enrichment)

In this enrichment, students will gain a deeper understanding of physics by exploring the motion
of objects, the interaction of forces and how energy transfers and transformations can be
explained. This subject is strongly recommended for students wishing to undertake VCE Physics
in Year 11 or Year 12, or for students who want to develop a deeper understanding of physics.

This enrichment offers the opportunity to accelerate into VCE Physics Unit 2.

At the completion of this subject, students can undertake the following Science subjects in Year
11:

● IB (Year 1): Chemistry, Biology, Psychology

● VCE Unit 1 & 2: Physics (Unit 1), Chemistry, Biology, Psychology

● VCE Unit 3 & 4: Physics (see note below), Biology, Environmental Science, Psychology

Note: Students will be expected to maintain a strong work ethic and good results in Year 10
Science in order to be accepted to accelerate in Units 3 & 4. Students may be accepted into Unit
3 & 4 Physics in Year 11 only after achieving strong results in the Year 10 Science/Physics
enrichment subject.

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