Fun fact: Glucose is

basic energy for all

Proteins MACROMOLECULES Car bohydr ates

organisms
Long polymers:
Polysaccharides
glucose
(starch: plant;
glycogen: animal; molecules
Cellulose)
M onomer

Amino
Carbon, Composition
Acids Carbon, Hydrogen Bonds formed
Hydrogen, M onomer s
& Oxygen Monosaccharides between carbons 1
Oxygen, Bonds are linear &
& 4, 1 & 6
ringed
Nitrogen (Pentose: Deoxyribose &
and sulphur L ipids Ribose; Hexose: Glucose,
fructose & galactose)

Many
amino acids
Non-polar (Insoluble in water) Dehydration Reaction/ Glycogen is soluble due to
dehydration H,C,O Synthesis / Condensation high-branching; starch is less soluble
synthesis Synthesis (Removal of 1 water due to less-branching; cellulose is
carbon atom - molecule and bonding them
Polypeptide ?-carbon insoluble due to lack of branching
through oxygen)
Triglycerides - Glycerol bond
to 3 fatty acids

Phospholipids(Amphipathic
Lipids)- third hydroxyl group
peptide bond
linked to phosphate group
Disaccharides (2
Saturated fatty acid- carbon in
monosaccharides) Energy is stored as
fatty acid linked by single
(Sucrose, maltose & ATP (adenosine
covalent bond
lactose) triphosphate) in
Unsaturated fatty acid- one or Steriods -> Ring structure
chemical bonds
more C=C double bond

Bond formed:
Glycosidic bond