 Water shed reservation is a forest land
reservation established to protect or pagtaniman ng tree crop, it means napag aralan
improve the conditions of the water yield
thereof or reduce sedimentation.
Yan ang mga watershed is isa sa mga protected
area at DENR is the primary government agency
responsible for the conservation, management and
protection, kaya tayo nagpapagawa ng mga dam to
preserve and manage the volume water.
 Watershed is a land area drained by a
stream or fixed body of water and its
tributaries having a common outlet for
surface runoff
Pag sinabing watershed it a body of water na
pwedeng big river or lake at kung saan nagfoflow
yung majority ng volume ng tubig sa isang single
point kumbaga dun sa area na yun naka pondo
yung tubig at yun ang gagamitin as natural
resources.
Watershed is important because its a source of
drinking water and it is also source of food for all
organism.
 Pine forest is forest type predominantly of
pine trees.
It means dun sa portion ng forest land na yun ay
mostly pine trees ang makikita. Ang pine forest ay
kadalasan nakikita sa highest land it means sa
matataas na bundok kadalasang nakikita tulad sa
Baguio at Benget. Meron dalawang uri ng pine tree
na native or sa pilipinas lang nakikita, we have
benguet pine and Mindoro pine.
 Dipterocarp forest is a forest dominated by
trees of the Dipterocarp species.
Dipterocarp species ibig sabihin mga uri ng puno
na malalaki, matataas at diretso yun tubo so they
are good for utilization of timber or troso sa tagalag
na ginagamit for woodbased products.
And These are the examples of Dipterocarp trees
such as red lauan, tanguile, tiaong, white lauan,
almon, bagtikan, mayapis, apitong and yakal.
 Tree farm refers to any small forest land or
tract of land purposely planted to tree crops.
its a portion of land na classified na pwede
nila na mataba yung lupa at maganda pagtubuan
ng puno or other farm products. Ang purpose ng
tree farm is mainly for business para dyan sa farm
na yan lang magpoproduce ng timber and other
wood products para hindi na pumutol ng puno sa
ibang part ng forest which is harmful for the
environment kapag kung saan saan na lang
puputol ng puno.
 Agroforestry is a sustainable management
for land which increases overall production,
combines agricultural crops, tree and forest
plants and/or animials simultaneously.
Yan agroforestry is the management of land, mga
expert ang responsible dito gumagamit sila ng
science and technology to maintain the
sustainability of land for the continues production of
natural resources. Pinagsasama nila ang mga
crops, tree, and live stock to increase overall
production.
 forest ecosystem refers to the living and
non-living components of a forest and their
interaction.
So when we say forest ecosystem it is the areas of
landscape that are dominated by trees at may ibat
ibang living organism ang ang nakatira tira dito, at
sa interaction nila dito na nakapaloob yung food
chain para sa balance ng ecosystem, thats is why a
healthy and balance forest ecosystem is important,
kaya under din ng conservation ng DENR para
kung may problema man or imbalance sa forest
ecosystem they will provide a solution.
 Section 13 System of land classification
The DENR Secretary shall study, devise, determine
and prescribe the criteria, guidelines and methods
for the proper and accurate classification and
survey of all lands of the public domain into
agricultural, industrial or commercial, residential,
resettlement, mineral, timber or forest, and grazing
lands, and such other classes as may be provided
by law rules and regulations.
Yan sabi dito DENR secretary has the power to
classify lands. For example pag nakita nila na
etong part ng landscape na na-survey nila ay
pwedeng gawing grazing land, so they will study
the area and provide a criteria for that land to be
classified accurately. So that is the role of DENR
stated in this section.
 Section 15 Topography
No land of the public domain 18% in slope or over
shall be classified as alienable and disposable.
Lands 18% in slope or over which have already
been declared as alienable and disposable shall be
reverted to the classification of forest lands by the
DENR, to form part of the forest reserves, unless
they are already covered by existing titles approved
public land application, or actually occupied openly,
continuously, adversely and publicly for a period of
not less than 30 years as of the effectivity of this
Code, where the occupant is qualified for a free
patent under the Public Land Act.
Ang pagkakaintindi dapat walang na classified as
disposable or alienable na ang 18% ay nasa slope
or bangin or patarik na portion ng lupa. Ngayon
kung already classified na dapat itong ibalik sa
DENR for reclassification, unless they are already
covered by existing titles approved public land
application.
 Section 17 Establishment of boundaries of
forest land
All boundaries between permanent forests and
alienable lands shall be clearly marked and
maintained on the ground, with infrastructure or
roads, or concrete monuments at intervals of not
more than 500m in accordance with established
procedures and standards, or any other visible and
practicable signs to insure protection of the forest.
Sabi dito All boundaries between permanent forests
and alienable or disposable lands shall be clearly
marked and maintained on the ground, with
infrastructure or roads, or concrete monuments at
intervals of not more than five hundred (500)
meters
Ngayon in case of boundary conflict irerefer nila ito
sa philipine coast and geodetic survey topo map to
resolve the conflict.
 SEC. 20 LICENSE AGREEMENT,
LICENSE, LEASE OR PERMIT
No person may utilize, exploit, occupy, possess or
conduct any activity within any forest and grazing
land, or establish, install, add and operate any
wood or forest products processing plant, unless he
had been authorized to do under a license
agreement, license, lease or permit.
In order to conduct any activity within forest and
grazing land kailangan muna nila kumuha ng
license agreement, license, lease or permit in order
to operate
 DURATION OF LICENSE AGREEMENT
OR LICENSE TO HARVEST TIMBER
The duration of the PRIVILEGE to harvest timber in
any particular forest land under a license
agreement or license shall be fixed and determined
in accordance with the annual allowable cut therein,
the established cutting cycle thereof, the yield
capacity of harvestable timber, and the capacity of
healthy residuals for a second growth.
The MAXIMUM period of any privilege to harvest
timber is 25 yrs, renewable for a period, not
exceeding 25 yrs, necessary to utilize all the
remaining commercial quantity or harvestable
timber either from the unlogged or logged-over
area.
The privilege shall AUTOMATICALLY terminate,
even before the expiration of the license agreement
or license, the moment the harvestable timber have
been utilized without leaving any logged-over area
capable of commercial utilization.
Duration of agreements is limited to 50 yrs, that is
25 yrs renewable for another 25 yrs. – Article XII,
Sec 2 of the Constitution
 SEC. 39 REGULATION OF TIMBER
UTILIZATION IN OTHER CLASSES OF
LANDS
The utilization of timber in Alienable and
Disposable lands, private lands, civil reservations
and all lands containing standing or felled timber,
including those under the jurisdiction of other
government agencies, and the establishment and
operation of sawmills and other wood-processing
plants, shall be REGULATED in order to prevent
them from being used as shelters for excessive and
unauthorized harvests in forest lands, and shall not
therefore be allowed except through a LICENSE
AGREEMENT, license, lease or permit.