26.04.

2023

VERB PATTERNS

GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES

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BOTH
• prefer
• + begin, start, continue, like, love, hate

ING TO ING ING TO TO VERB + INFINITIVE VERB + GERUND

• decide • keep
• pretend • spend
• refuse • can‘t stand / help
to phone • fail • avoid
stealing • expect • end up
shopping • choose • risk
to shop • agree • admit
to order • offer • enjoy
queuing • promise • mind
eating out + • suggest
to give • hope • fancy
to pay • want +
going • learn • deny
• manage • recommend
• persuade • look forward to

When we put two verbs together, the second verb is usually in

the infinitive or the gerund (= ing) form.

üBohouš wanted to lose weight.

üI suggested joining a gym.
üBohouš liked to eat hamburgers. / Bohouš liked eating hamburgers.

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MORE
VERB RULES
PATTERNS

GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES

VERB + GERUND (-ING)

The negative form is not + gerund:

• When I‘m on holiday, I enjoy not having to get up early.

With some verbs you can use the structure verb + somebody + gerund:
• I can‘t imagine George riding a motorbike.
• Sorry to keep you waiting so long.

(After some of the verbs, you can also use “that”:

• They denied that they had stolen the money.
• Sam suggested that we went to the cinema.)

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VERB + GERUND (-ING)

We also use gerund after phrasal verbs:

• I‘ve given up reading newspapers. I think it‘s a waste of time.
• He had to put off buying a new place because he got fired.

And phrases for expressing likes/dislikes:

• I’m not keen on swimming in public pools.
• I can’t stand working in an office.

Prepositions must always be followed by gerunds:

• I am interested in teaching.
• You cannot say: “I am interested in to teach” or “I am interested in teach.”

VERB + FULL INFINITIVE

The negative is “not to”:

• We decided not to go out because of the weather.

After some verbs you can use a question word + infinitive:

• We asked how to get to the station.
• I don‘t know whether to apply for the job or not.

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VERB + OBJECT + INFINITIVE

We expected Dan to be late.

Can you remind me to phone Sam tomorrow?

After help you can use the infinitive with or without to:
• Can you help me to move this table?
• Can you help me move this table?

1. My father offered to take us to the airport. 10. He promise her to call d every week.
2. Are you afraid of losing your job? 11. On cold mornings the car always refuses to start.
3. In the end, we decided not to go to the theatre. 12. I didn't fancy swimming in that water.
4. Were you just pretending to be interested? 13. We didn't expect you to be here!
5. I can't stand listening to him. 14. She wasn’t able to help them (to) complete the
project.
6. She suggested not eating at the new Mexican
restaurant. 15. I don’t know whether to ask him/her out on a
date.
7. I try to avoid going shopping on Saturdays.
16. I don't mind doing the dishes.
8. She admitted not doing her homework.
9. He had to give up smoking.

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THEVERB
STORY
MORE OF BOHOUŠ
PATTERNS
RULES

GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES

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My friend Bohouš liked to eat McDonald’s hamburgers. But he had a problem.

He was gaining weight. He decided to go on a diet. He stopped eating fast
food and started buying more fruit and vegetables. After a month, he had lost a
few pounds. But he wanted to lose more. I suggested joining a gym. Bohouš
disliked exercising, but he agreed to try it. Now he exercises every day and he
looks better. He’s looking forward to losing more weight.

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1. One month ago, Bohouš decided to lose some weight.

2. He gave up drinking beer, and he refused to eat anything high in fat.
3. This was difficult for him because he enjoyed eating chocolate.
4. Luckily, his girlfriend Boženka agreed to help him.
5. She promised to make him a lot of healthy food, and she did.
6. But after two months, he only managed to lose 3 pounds.
7. Now, Boženka has suggested joining a gym.
8. Bohouš hates exercising, but he will try it.

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FIND SOMEONE WHO

1. wants to become famous in the future.

2. can’t stand flying.
3. spends a lot of time getting ready for school in the morning.
4. is looking forward to leaving school
5. sometimes pretends to be ill to avoid coming to school.
6. expects to get a good score in her/his next English test.
7. would agree to marry someone just for the money.
8. fancies starting her/his own business in the future.
9. hopes to live abroad in the future.
10. could give up following people on social media.

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THE STORYPATTERNS
OF BOŽENKA
GERUND/INFINITIVE
VERB

GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES

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Boženka’s boyfriend Bohouš is gaining weight. She wanted him to quit eating fast
food. He agreed to start eating healthily.

A few weeks passed. Boženka expected Bohouš to lose weight, but nothing changed.

She noticed that sometimes he would smell like hamburgers.

She started to suspect that he had broken his promise to eat well.

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One day, she followed him home from work. She saw him pass by McDonald’s, but then he
stopped walking. He hesitated to go in, but he finally did.
After a few minutes, she decided to follow him in.

She caught him eating a Big Mac.

She attempted to wrestle it from him, but she couldn’t manage to get it out of his greasy
hands. He tried to push her away, but he accidentally hit her in the face.

He said that he didn’t mean to hit her, but she started screaming. They both got kicked
out of the restaurant. Now they refuse to speak to each other.

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1. One month ago, Bohouš decided to lose some weight.

2. He gave up drinking beer, and he refused to eat anything high in fat.
3. This was difficult for him because he enjoyed eating chocolate.
4. Luckily, his girlfriend Boženka agreed to help him.
5. She promised to make him a lot of healthy food, and she did.
6. But after two months, he only managed to lose 3 pounds.
7. Now, Boženka has suggested joining a gym.
8. Bohouš hates exercising, but he will try it.

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BOTH PATTERNS
VERB PATTERNS

GERUNDS VS. INFINITIVES

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VERB + GERUND/INFINITIVE
WITH NO DIFFERENCE IN MEANING

Examples:
• like, love, hate, begin, start, continue, intend, bother, prefer

• It has started raining.

• It has started to rain.

• But normally we do not use a gerund after a gerund:

• It‘s starting to rain.
• NOT It‘s starting raining.

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VERB + GERUND/INFINITIVE
WITH A DIFFERENCE IN MEANING

Stop
• He stopped smoking. = he smoked for a time bit then he quit
• He stopped to smoke. = he took a break to have a cigarette, e.g. He stopped walking in order to smoke.

Remember
• I clearly remember locking the door. = I locked it, and now I remember this
• I remembered to lock the door. = I remembered that I had to lock it, and so I locked it

Try
• I tried to move the table, but it was too heavy. = so I couldn‘t move it
• I didn‘t like the way the furniture was arranged, so I tried moving the table over there.
= I thought this would help to solve the problem

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1. I tried to open the window but it was stuck.

2. Maybe you should try getting up earlier. (= you should get up)
3. Did you remember to lock the front door?
4. I don't remember signing the contract.
5. She's joined the AA and stopped drinking.
6. I stopped to pick up a letter that I'd dropped.

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Božence se nepovedlo Bohouše přesvědčit o tom, že by se neměl vyhýbat cvičení.

Boženka didn‘t manage to persuade Bohouš not to avoid exercising.

Jenže Bohouš nemůže vystát cvičení v posilovně.

However, Bohouš can‘t stand working out in a gym.

Slíbil Božence, že nebude jíst ve fast foodech.

He promised Boženka not to eat in fast food restaurants.

Boženka se těší, že spolu budou vařit doma.

Boženka is looking forward to cooking at home together.

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