AKTU

B.Tech 3rd year

Software
Project
Management
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Most important PYQ solutions

 Questions

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Discuss The Oldham-Hackman job characteristic model.

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Explain the SEI/CMM Process model with its maturity levels and the

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key process areas for each level?

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Explain Software Quality Attributes.

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Discuss the factors that influence staffing decisions in SPM and

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evaluate the impact of poor staffing decisions in project outcomes

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Explain Professional and ethical concerns in Software project
management.
Discuss The Oldham-Hackman job Task Significance: Impact of the job on
characteristic model. others.
Autonomy: Freedom and independence in
The Oldham-Hackman Job

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work.

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Characteristics Model explains how job
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Feedback: Clear information on

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design influences employee motivation,
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performance.

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satisfaction, and productivity.
Critical Psychological States:a
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It identifies five core job characteristics,
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three critical psychological states, and

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their impact on work outcomes.

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Experienced Meaningfulness: Resulting

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from skill variety, task identity, and task

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Core Job Characteristics: significance.

Skill@
Experienced
Variety: Use of different skills and from autonomy.
talents. Knowledge of Results: Resulting from
Task Identity: Completing a whole, feedback
identifiable piece of work.
Work Outcomes: Explain the SEI/CMM Process model
with its maturity levels and the key
High internal work motivation process areas for each level?
High-quality work performance

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The SEI Capability Maturity Model

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High satisfaction with the work

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(CMM) is a framework developed by

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Low absenteeism and turnover

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the Software Engineering Institute
Practical Applications:
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(SEI) to help organizations improve

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their software development processes.

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Redesign Jobs: Enhance
characteristics. v
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It defines five maturity levels, each with

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key process areas that organizations

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Job Enrichment: Add meaningful tasks.
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Work Analysis: Evaluate and improve
job design.
The goal of the CMM is to provide a
Employee Development: Align jobs with
structured path for process
skills and preferences.
improvement.
 Key Process Areas:
Maturity Levels and Key Process Areas:

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Level 1: Initial Requirements Management: Ensuring

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requirements are documented and

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Characteristics: Processes are
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agreed upon.

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unpredictable, poorly controlled, and

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reactive. Success often depends on Project Planning: Establishing
individual efforts.
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reasonable plans for project activities.

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Key Process Areas: None defined. At
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Project Monitoring and Control:

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this level, processes are usually ad hoc

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Monitoring project progress and taking

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and chaotic.

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corrective actions.

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Level 2: Repeatable
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Supplier Agreement Management:

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Characteristics: Basic project
management processes are established.
Successes can be repeated due to past
experiences.
Managing relationships with suppliers.
Measurement and Analysis: Collecting
and analyzing project data.
Process and Product Quality Assurance:
Ensuring processes and products meet
quality standards.
 Configuration Management: Managing
changes to project artifacts. Verification: Ensuring products meet
specified requirements.

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Validation: Ensuring products fulfill their
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Level 3: Defined

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intended use.
Characteristics: Processes are iwell-
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Organizational Process Focus:
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characterized and understood, and are
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Establishing and maintaining process
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described in standards, procedures, tools,

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improvement activities.
and methods.
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Organizational Process Definition:

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Key Process Areas:

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Defining and maintaining process

analyzing,rand validating requirements.

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Requirements Development: Eliciting,
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descriptions and standards.

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Organizational Training: Developing
Technical Solution: Designing, developing,
and implementing solutions. skills and knowledge necessary to
Product Integration: Assembling the perform roles effectively.
product from components and ensuring it
functions properly.
 Integrated Project Management: Organizational Process Performance:
Integrating project management and Establishing process performance
process improvement activities. baselines and models.
Risk Management: Identifying and

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mitigating project risks. Level 5: Optimizing

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Decision Analysis and Resolution:
Evaluating and selecting among
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continuous
alternative solutions.
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process improvement through

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incremental

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and innovative improvements.
Level 4: Managed
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Key Process Areas:

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Characteristics: Processes are measured

metrics to r
b and technologies.
and controlled. The organization uses Deployment: Deploying innovative

b manage processes and products.

@ Analysis and Resolution: Identifying
processes

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Key Process Areas:
Quantitative Project Management:
Causal
and addressing root causes of defects and
Managing project performance using problems.
quantitative data.
Explain Software Quality Attributes.
Software Quality Attributes are
characteristics that define and measure
the quality of a software product.
Usability: Evaluates how easy and
intuitive the software is for users to
operate.
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Efficiency: Assesses the software's

They ensure the software meetsn

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performance in terms of response time

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needs, performs well, and isnmaintainable.
user
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and resource usage.

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Maintainability: Determines how easy it

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is to modify, fix, or update the software.

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Portability: Gauges how easily the

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Here are key attributes:

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software can be transferred to different

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Functionality: Ensures the software environments.

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performs its intended tasks accurately
and securely.
Reliability: Measures how consistently
and dependably the software performs its
functions.
Discuss the factors that influence
staffing decisions in SPM and Budget Constraints: Hiring costs and
evaluate the impact of poor staffing overall project budget.
decisions in project outcomes. Geographical Considerations: On-site

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Factors Influencing Staffing Decisions in versus remote work and time zone

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coordination.
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Software Project Management (SPM):

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Organizational Policies and Culture: HR

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policies, hiring processes, and cultural fit.

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Project Requirements: Specific skills and

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expertise needed to meet project Project Timeline: Urgency of deadlines

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Team Composition:iBalance
demands.
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influencing the speed of staffing decisions.

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Technology Stack: Specific technologies

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senior members to ensure mentorship and tools required for the project.

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and productivity. Past Performance: Historical data on staff

@staff versus the need for external

Availability: Availability of performance in similar projects.
internal Market Conditions: Availability of skilled
hires. professionals in the job market.
Impact of Poor Staffing Decisions on Project
Scope Creep: Inexperienced staff may
Outcomes:
fail to manage project scope
effectively.

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Missed Deadlines: Inadequate staffing

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Communication Issues: Poorly
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leads to overburdened teams and delays.

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coordinated teams can result in

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Reduced Quality: Overworked or

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misunderstandings and errors.

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mismatched staff result in poor product

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Client Dissatisfaction: Failure to meet
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quality.

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client expectations can damage
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Increased Costs: Errors and high

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relationships and reputation.

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turnover lead to costly rework and new
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Resource Drain: Misallocated
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hires.

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resources can drain other projects and
Low Team Morale: Overstaffing or poor

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impact overall productivity.
team dynamics reduce motivation and
Inflexibility: Poor staffing decisions
collaboration.
can make it hard to adapt to changes
Project Failure: Inability to meet
or unexpected challenges.
requirements and budget overruns can
lead to project collapse.
Explain Professional and ethical Respect for Diversity: Valuing diverse
concerns in Software project perspectives, backgrounds, and cultures
management. in the workplace.
Professional Concerns:
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Competence: Ensuring team members

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possess the necessary skills and expertise
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and needs of clientseor stakeholders.
Client Interests: Prioritizing the interests

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for their roles.
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Integrity: Upholding honesty and
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Quality and Safety: Maintaining high-

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transparency in all project
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quality standards and ensuring user

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communications and actions.
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Confidentiality: Safeguarding sensitive
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Fair Treatment: Providing equal
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project information from unauthorized
access or disclosure.
opportunities and fair treatment to all
team members.
Professional Development: Commitment Avoiding Conflicts of Interest: Preventing
to continuous learning and skill personal interests from conflicting with
enhancement. project objectives.
Environmental Responsibility: Considering
the environmental impact of project
activities.
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Legal Compliance: Adhering to laws,

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regulations, and industry standards.

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Honest Communication: Communicating
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honestly and transparently with

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stakeholders.

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