What is BGP?

BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) is the routing protocol of the Internet

BGP is used to connect different Autonomous Systems (companies like ISP TATA, AIRTEL)
Internet is a collection of Autonomous Systems (A.S) and BGP connects them

Like TATA and Airtel want to connect to each other they will use BGP between them

BGP uses the concept of Autonomous Systems (A.S )

A.S is a 16-bit number ranging from 1 – 65535.

Private A.S  64512 – 65535 (within company not on internet)

Public A.S  1 - 64,495 (used by companies which run BGP on Internet)

Some famous AS Like below

TATA  4755

AIRTEL  9498

Reliance  18101

TYPE OF BGP?
Internal BGP (IBGP) AD is 200: Within Same Company

External BPG (EBGP) AD is 20: Between Different Company

(When your router and neighbor router is in same A.S it is IBGP and when your router and
neighbor is in different A.S it is EBGP)

BGP Message
First, an OPEN message is sent between peers to initiate the session

KEEPALIVE messages are sent periodically (every 60 seconds by default)

UPDATE messages are used to exchange routes

NOTIFICATION messages are sent when there is a fatal error condition

BGP Timers:-
Hello - 30 seconds

Dead -180 seconds

BGP STATE:-
Idle

Connect

Active → Meaning Problem

OpenSent

OpenConfirm

Established

CONFIGURING BGP:-
Decide whether EBGP or IBGP, Here we will use EBGP (left router is in different A.S and right Router is in
Different A.S)
Left router configuration:-
Right Router Configuration:-

Viewing BGP Neighbors

Router# show ip bgp summary

To view the BGP routing table

Router# show ip bgp

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