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B. TECH
(SEM-V) THEORY EXAMINATION 2020-21
HEAT & MASS TRANSFER
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100
Note: 1. Attempt all Sections. If require any missing data; then choose suitably.
SECTION A

1. Attempt all questions in brief. 2 x 10 = 20

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. What are the limitations of Fourier’s law? 2 1
b. Explain the various modes of heat Transfer. 2 1
c. Why are fins installed on electric motor? 2 3
d. State the assumption of lumped system. 2 2
e. Explain the Newton’s law of cooling. 2 1
f. Explain the different parameter which effect thermal boundary layer 2 4
thickness.
g. Show the physical significance of following dimensionless numbers. 2 4
(i) Gasthof number (ii) Reynold number
h. Define the Following: (i) Irradiation, (ii) Radiosity 2 5
i. Explain the concept of black body. 2 5
j. Define the term “Overall heat transfer coefficient”. 2 6

SECTION B

2. Attempt any three of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. A mild steel tank of wall thickness 10 mm contains water at 90°C. The 10 1
thermal conductivity of mild steel is 50 W/m°C, and the heat transfer
co-efficients for the inside and outside of the tank are 2800 and 11
W/m2°C, respectively. If the atmospheric temperature is 20°C, calculate
(i) The rate of heat loss per m2 of the tank surface area.
(ii) The temperature of the outside surface of the tank.
b. A sphere of 200 mm diameter made of cast iron initially at uniform 10 2
temperature of 400°C is quenched into oil. The oil bath temperature is
40°C. If the temperature of sphere is 100°C after 5 minutes, find heat
transfer coefficient on the surface of the sphere. Take: cp (cast iron) =
0.32 kJ/kg°C; ρ (cast iron) = 7000 kg/m3 Neglect internal thermal
resistance.
c. Air at a temperature of 30°C flows past a flat plate at a velocity of 2 m/s. 10 4
The flat surface has a sharp leading edge, and its total length equals 800
mm. Calculate the following:
(i) The average skin friction or, drag coefficient,
(ii) The average shear stress,
(iii) The ratio of the average shear stress to the shear stress at the
trailing edge.
Properties of air at 30°C are: ρ = 1.165 kg/m3, µ = 6.717 x 10-2 kg/hm,
ʋ = 16 x 10-6 m2/s.
d. What is shape factor? Explain the various properties of shape factor. 10 5
e. State Fick’s law of diffusion. what are the limitations of Fick’s law? 10 1

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SECTION C
3. Attempt any one part of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Calculate the rate of heat flow through the wall of a refrigerated van of 10 1
1.5 mm of steel sheet at outer surface, 100 mm plywood at the inner
surface and 2 cm of glass-wool in between, if the temperatures of the
inside and outside surfaces are -15°C and 24°C respectively. Take
thermal conductivities of steel, glass-wool and plywood as 23.2 W/m°C,
0.014 W/m°C and 0.052 W/m°C respectively.
b. What is thermal diffusivity? What will be your interpretation if its value 10 1
is high or low?

4. Attempt any one part of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Explain the term fin efficiency and fin effectiveness. How do we decide 10 3
whether the fins are required or not for a surface?
b. One end of a long rod, 30 mm in diameter, is inserted into the furnace 10 3
with the other end projecting in the outside air. After the steady state is
reached, the temperature of the rod is measured at two points 150 mm
apart and found to be 140°C and 100°C. The atmospheric air
temperature is 30°C. If the heat transfer coefficient is 60 W/m2°C,
determine the thermal conductivity of the rod.

5. Attempt any one part of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Air at 30°C and at atmospheric pressure flows at a velocity of 2.2 m/s 10 4
over a plate maintained at 90°C. The length and the width of the plate
are 900 mm and 450 mm respectively. Using exact solution, calculate
the heat transfer rate from, (i) first half of the plate, (ii) full plate, and
(iii) next half of the plate. The properties of air at mean bulk temperature
(90 + 30)/2 = 60°C are:
ρ = 1.06 kg/m3, µ = 7.211 kg/hm, υ = 18.97 x 10-6 m2/s, Pr = 0.696, k
= 0.02894 W/m°C
b A hot plate 1 m x 0.5 m at 130°C is kept vertically in still air at 20°C. 4
Find:
(i) Heat transfer coefficient,
(ii) Initial rate of cooling the plate in °C/min.
(iii) Time required for cooling plate from 180°C to 80°C if the heat
transfer is due to convection only Mass of the plate is 20 kg and cp =
400 J/kg K.
Assume 0.5 m side is vertical and that the heat transfer coefficient
calculated in (i) above remains constant and convection takes place from
both sides of the plate. Take properties of air at 75°C as: c =1007 J/kg
°C, ρ = 1.07 m2/s; k = 0.029 J/kg K; ʋ = 19.1 x 10-6 m2/s.
Use correlation as NuL = 0.59(Gr.Pr)1/4 for ( 104<Gr.Pr<109)

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6. Attempt any one part of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. A square room 3m × 3m, has a floor heated to 270C and has a ceiling at 10 5
100C.The walls are assumed to be perfectly insulated. The height of the
room is 2.5 m. The emissivity of all the surfaces is 0.8. Determine the
following:
(i) The net heat interchange between the floor and the ceiling
(ii) The wall temperature
Assume ceiling to floor shape factor as 0.25.
b. Consider two large parallel plates one at T1=7270C with emissivity 10 5
ε1=0.8 and other at T2=2270C with emissivity ε2=0.4. An aluminum
radiation shield with an emissivity, εs= 0.05 on both sides is placed
between the plates. Calculate the percentage reduction in heat transfer
rate between the two plates as a result of the shield. Use 𝜎 =5.67 × 10
W/m2 K

7. Attempt any one part of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Define effectiveness of a heat exchanger. Derive an expression for 10 4
the effectiveness of a double pipe parallel flow heat exchanger. State
the assumptions made.
b. Explain the following with neat sketch: 10 4
(i) Film wise condensation.
(ii) Define Drop wise condensation.

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B.TECH
(SEM- V) THEORY EXAMINATION 2021-22
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100
Note: 1. Attempt all Sections. If require any missing data; then choose suitably.
SECTION A
1. Attempt all questions in brief. 2 x 10 = 20
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. What is the difference between thermodynamics and heat transfer? 2 1
b. How the thermal conductivity of material is defined? What are its units? 2 1
c. What is meant by transient heat conduction? 2 2
d. Explain effectiveness and efficiency of fin. 2 2
e. What is turbulent flow? Define it. 2 3
f. Define Reynolds’s number, also write the significance of Reynolds’s 2 3
number.
g. Define Stefan Boltzmann’s law. 2 4
h. Explain black body, opaque body, white body and grey body also. 2 4
i. How heat exchangers are classified? 2 5
j. What are the various modes of mass transfer? 2 5
SECTION B
2. Attempt any three of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Drive an expression for heat conduction through a composite wall. 10 1
b. It is required to heat oil to about 300°C for frying purpose. A ladle is 10 2
used in the frying. The section of the handle is 5 mm x 18 mm. the
surroundings are at 30°C. The conductivity of the material is 205
W/m°C. If the temperature at a distance of 380 mm from the oil should
not reach 40°C, Determine the convective heat transfer coefficient.
c. Differentiate between:- 10 3
(i) Natural and forced convection.
(ii) Hydrodynamic and thermal boundary layer thickness.
d. A 70 mm long circular surface of a circular hole of 35 mm diameter 10 4
maintained at uniform temperature of 250°C. Find the loss of energy to
the surroundings at 27°C, assuming the two ends of the hole to be as
parallel discs and the metallic surfaces and surroundings have a black
body characteristics.
e. Derive an expression for effectiveness by NTU method for parallel flow. 10 5
SECTION C
3. Attempt any one part of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. Derive a general heat conduction equation for Cartesian co-ordinate. And 10 1
also draw the temperature-thickness profile for it.
b. A mild steel tank of thickness 12 mm contains water at 95oC. The 10 1
thermal conductivity of mild steel is 50 W/m°C, and the heat transfer
coefficients for the inside and outside the tank are 2850 and 10 W/m2 oC,
respectively. If the atmospheric temperature is 15 oC, calculate:
(i) The rate of heat loss per square meter of the tank surface area.
(ii) The temperature of the outside surface of the tank.

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4. Attempt any one part of the following:

Q no. Question Marks CO
o
a. An aluminium alloy plate of 400 mm x 400 mm x 4mm size at 200 C is 10 2
suddenly quenched into liquid oxygen at -183oC. Starting from
fundamentals or deriving the necessary expression to determine the time
required for the plate to reach a temperature of -70 oC. Assume h =
20000 KJ/m2 h oC, cp = 0.8 KJ/Kg oC and density = 3000 Kg/m3.
b. Prove that for a body whose thermal resistance is zero, the temperature 10 2
required for cooling or heating can be obtained from the relation
(t-ta)/(ti-ta ) = exp[-Bi Fa ]
Where the symbols have their usual meanings.
5. Attempt any one part of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. A nuclear reactor with its core constructed of parallel vertical plates of 10 3
2.2 m high and 1.4 m wide has been designed on free convection heating
of liquid bismuth. The maximum temperature of the plate surface is
limited to 960°C while the lowest allowable temperature of the bismuth
is 340°C. Calculate the maximum possible heat dissipation from the both
sides of each plate. For the convection coefficient for the plate is
Nu = 0.13 (Gr.Pr)0.333
Where different parameter are evaluated at the mean film temperature.
b. Air at 20°C flowing over a flat plate which is 200 mm wide and 500 10 3
mm long. The plate is maintained at 100°C. Find the heat loss per
hour from the plate f the air is flowing parallel to 500 mm side with 2
m/s velocity. What will be the effect on heat transfer if the flow is
parallel to 200 mm? The properties of air at (100+20)/2 = 60°C are ν
= 18.97 × 10-6 m2/s, k = 0.025W/m°C and Pr = 0.7.
6. Attempt any one part of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
2
a. Determine the radiant heat exchanger in W/ m between two large 10 4
parallel steel plates of emissivity’s 0.8 and 0.5 held at temperature of
1000 k and 500k respectively, if a thin copper plate of emissivity 0.1 is
introduced as a radiation shield between the two plates. Use σ =
5.67*10¯ 8 W/ m2k 4
b. Derive the expression for net heat exchange between black bodies for 10 4
infinite parallel planes.
7. Attempt any one part of the following:
Q no. Question Marks CO
a. The flow rates of hot and cold water streams running through a parallel 10 5
flow heat exchangers are 0.2 Kg/s and 0.5 Kg/s respectively the inlet a
temperatures 75°c and 20°c respectively. The exit temperature of hot
water is 45°c. If the individual heat transfer coefficient on both sides are
650 W/m2°C. Calculate:
(i) The area of heat exchanger.
(ii) the rate of heat transfer
b. Differentiate between the mechanisms of filmwise and dropwise 10 5
condensation.

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Paper Id: 2 3 1 8 5 1 Roll No.

B.TECH
(SEM V) THEORY EXAMINATION 2022-23
HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
Time: 3 Hours Total Marks: 100
Note: Attempt all Sections. If you require any missing data, then choose suitably.

SECTION A
1. Attempt all questions in brief. 2 x 10 = 20
(a) Explain the significance of Thermal Diffusivity.
(b) Define Critical radius of insulation.
(c) Explain the significance of Biot Number in transient heat conduction.
(d) Why are fins installed on the outer surface of electric motors?
(e) Define Prandtl Number.
(f) Define volume expansion coefficient and tell its significance in free convection.
(g) Define the following- Emissivity, Emissive Power.
(h) Explain black body and gray body.

2
90

(i) State Fick’s Law of Mass diffusion.

13
(j) Differentiate between the mechanisms of film-wise and drop-wise
_2

2.
condensation.
P1

24
SECTION B

5.
3D

2. Attempt any three of the following: 10 x 3 = 30

.5
P2

(a) For a solid cylinder with uniform heat generation, derive the following
17
expressions- T= Ta + [qg.R/2h] + [qg.R2/4K{1-r/R)2}]
Q

|1

(b) State the assumptions made in Lumped Parametric analysis. For transient heat
conduction, derive the following-
4

θ/θi = exp(-Bi.Fo) where θ= T-Ta

:3

(c) Derive the Energy equation for thermal boundary layer over a flat plate
29

(d) What is radiation shield? Two large plate at temperatures 1000 K and 600 K
have emissivity of 0.5 and 0.8 respectively . A radiation shield having
:
13

emissivity 0.1 on one side and 0.05 on other side is paced between the plates.
Determine the percentage reduction in heat transfer rate.
3

(e) Explain working principle of Heat pipe with neat sketch. Discuss pool boiling
02

and also explain regimes of pool boiling with the help of diagram
-2
01

SECTION C
8-

3. Attempt any one part of the following: 10 x 1 = 10

|1

(a) Derive a general heat conduction equation for Cartesian co-ordinate.

(b) Consider steady state heat conduction across the thickness in a plane composite
wall (composed of two layers) exposed to convection conditions on both sides-
hi=20W/m2K, ho=50W/m2K, Ti=200C ,To=-20C. The thermal conductivity and
thickness of layer-1 are K1=20W/mK, L1=0.30 m. The thermal conductivity and
thickness of layer-2 are K2=50 W/mK, L2= 0.15m. Determine interface
temperature b/w two surfaces.

QP23DP1_290 | 18-01-2023 13:29:34 | 117.55.242.132

4. Attempt any one part of the following: 10 x 1 = 10
(a) A copper sphere weighting 3 Kg is heated in a furnace to a temperature of
300oC and suddenly taken out and allowed to cool in ambient air at 25oC.If it
takes 60 min. For copper sphere to cool down to 35oC, what is the average
surface heat transfer coefficient. Take density=8950 Kg/m3. Cp=0.383KJ/KgoC,
K= 390 W/mK.
(b) Illustrate the following-
(i) What is meant by transient heat conduction?
(ii) What are Heisler charts? What is their significance in transient heat
conduction?
(iii) What is response time of thermocouple?

5. Attempt any one part of the following: 10 x 1 = 10

(a) Draw thermal boundary layer over a flat plate. Explain the following
dimensionless numbers- Nusselt Number, Grashoff Number and Stanton
Number.
(b) When 0.8 Kg of water per minute is passed through a tube of 20mm diameter.
It is found to be heated from 22oC to 50oC. The heating is accomplished by
condensing steam on the surface of tube. Surface of tube is maintained at
constant temperature of 85oC. Determine the length of tube. For water at 60oC-
Cp=4.18 KJ/KgK, kinematic Viscosity= 0.568x10-6 m2/s, K=0.659W/mK,
Density =983Kg/m3.

2
90

13
_2

6. Attempt any one part of the following: 10 x 1 = 10

2.
P1

(a) Define Radiation shape factor. Describe the various rules used in determination

24
of radiation shape factor.

5.
3D

(b) Explain the following radiation laws- Kirchhoff’s Law, Lamberts Cosine Law,
.5
Wein’s Displacement Law, Planck’s Law.
P2

17
Q

|1

7. Attempt any one part of the following: 10 x 1 = 10

(a) Derive expression for LMTD (Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference) for
4

a parallel flow heat exchanger.

:3

(b) What is Fouling factor used in analysis of heat exchangers? 8000 kg/hr of air at
29

105oC is cooled by passing it through a counter flow heat exchanger. Find exit
:

temperature of air if water enters at 15oC and flows at the rate of 7500 kg/hr.
13

U=145W/m2K, A=20m2.Solve by NTU method.

3
02
-2
01
8-
|1

QP23DP1_290 | 18-01-2023 13:29:34 | 117.55.242.132