Anatomy (2020-2021)

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UNIVERSITY OF GHANA
(All rights reserved)
UNIVERSITY OF GHANA MEDICAL SCHOOL
COLLEGE OF HEALTH SCIENCES
END OF SECOND SEMESTER EXAMS (2020/2021)
MSPC 112 INTRODUCTION TO HUMAN ANATOMY
1ST SEPTEMBER, 2021; TIME ALLOWED: - 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTION: Choose the single best answer from the options A - DIE.
1. Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue type?

a. muscle tissue
b. nervous tissue
c. bone tissue
d. connective tissue
e. epithelial tissue
2. Which of the following is NOT used in classifying the various types of epithelia?
a. The number of layers of cells
b. The shape of the cells at only the free surface
c. The terminal specialization or modification at the free surface
d. The relative amount of the intercellular material to the cellular content
e. None of the above
3. Which of the following is TRUE for a muscle tissue?

a. Cardiac and smooth muscle cells both branch and have central nuclei
b. Cardiac and skeletal muscle tissue both possess intercalated disc
c. Smooth, cardiac and skeletal muscles have one centraIly placed nucleus
d. Cardiac and skeletal muscles are striated and involved in voluntary
contractions
Examiner: Richard M. Blay

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4. A medical student who has chronic lower respiratory infections seeks the advice of
an ear, nose and throat specialist. A biopsy of the student's respiratory epithelium
reveals alterations in certain epithelial structures. This patient is most likely to have
an abnormal
a. microvilli
b. desmosomes
c. cilia
d. hemidesmosomes
e. basal plasmalemma infoldings
5. The specific intercellular junctional mechanism through which cells are

electronically coupled is the
a. Desmosome
b. Tight junction
c. Zonula adherens
d. Hemidesmosome
e. Gap junction
6. Which of the following statemerits about the glands is/are true?

i. Exocrine glands lack duct
ii. Simple glands have ducts that branch
iii. Endocrine glands secrete into ducts
iv. Serous secretions are watery
v. Holocrine glands release their contents by exocytosis
a. i and iii only

b. ii only
c. ivonly
d. v only
e. All the statements are false
7. Neurons:
a. Of the central nervous system have Nissl bodies for lipid synthesis
b. Of the Central nervous system are invested by myelin produced by
Schwann cells
c. And glial cells in the gray matter of the spinal cord make up a meshwork
called neuropil
d. Of the cochlear ganglia are unipolar or pseudounipolar
e. Carrying nerve impulses from sensory stimuli toward the central nervous
system and brain are called Efferent or Motor neurons

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8. Which of the following statements is characteristic of the perimysium?
a. It is the dense connective tissue that surrounds the entire muscle tissue
b. It is the connective tissue that covers each single muscle fiber or myofiber
or muscle cell
c. It is a thin layer of reticular fibers covering individual nerve fibers
d. It is fascia that excludes macro-molecules and forms external coat of
nerves
e. It is the connective tissue that surrounds each bundle of muscle fibers
9. The cell cycle is predominantly ............... .

a. G phase
b. prophase
c. M phase
d. Interphase
10. Which of the following will be very relevant to the G liS phase promotion?
a. cyclin D
b. cyclin E
c. cyclin A
d. cyclin B
11. Meiosis ............. .

i. involves gene mixing
ii. involves chromosome halving
iii. involves somatic and sex cells
a. i, ii and iii
b. i and ii
c. ii and iii
d. i and iii
12. Characteristics that make prophase I unique include .......... .

1. it is the longest phase in meiosis I
ii. it is the gene recombination phase
iii. it is the phase for crossing over
a. i, ii and iii
b. i and ii
c. ii and iii
d. i and iii

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13. Which of the following is/are true regarding Cyclin B?
1. its expression promotes mitosis
ii. its expression peaks at early G2
Ill. it promotes G liS phase promotion
a. i, ii and iii
b. i and ii
c. ii and iii
d. i only
14. Match the stages of meiosis in Column-I to their characteristic features in Column-II
. and select the correct option using the codes given below:
Column! Column!!
a. Pachytene (i) Pairing of homologous chromosomes
b. Metaphase I (ii) Terminalisation of chiasmata
c. Diakinesis (iii) Crossing-over takes place
d. Zygotene (iv) Chromosomes align at equatorial plate
a. a (iii); b (iv); c (ii); d (i)

b. a (i); b (iv); c (ii); d (iii)
c. a (ii); b (iv); c (iii); d (i)
d. a (iv); b (iii); c (ii); d (i)
15. During the ........... phase of the cell cycle, the cell 'double checks' duplicated
chromosomes for errors
a. Go
b. G1
c. S
d. G2
16. Select the CORRECT statement from among the following.

a. meiosis II and mitosis are very similar
b. mitosis II is a repeat of meiosis I
c. meiosis II and meiosis I are very similar
d. meiosis I and mitosis are very similar
17. Which of the following concerning G 1 phase is/are INACCURATE?

a. Chromosome duplication may begin at G 1
b. G 1 follows immediately after mitosis in all cells
c. both 'a' and 'b'
d. neither 'a' nor 'b'

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18. Whereas CDKs are .................... , cyclins are ................. in the cyclin-CDK
complexes
a. enzymes; modifying proteins
b. non-binding units; binding units
c. regulatory units; active units
d. catalytic units; regulatory units
19. What are gametes in the female called?

a. Primary oocytes
b. Secondary oocytes
c. Primary follicle
d. Secondary follicle
e. Polar bodies
20. What is the specific terminology for gametogenesis in the male?

a. Spermatocytogenesis
b. Spermiogenesis
c. Spermatogenesis
d. Cytodifferentiation
e. Meiosis
21. What is the main difference between an oocyte and a polar body?
a. Presence or absence of male sex chromosome
b. Whether chromosome number is 46 or 23
c. Whether DNA is 2N or IN
d. Possession of nearly all or very little cytoplasm
e. Capacity or otherwise to undergo meiosis
22. Which of the following processes DIRECTLY produces the zygote?

a. Fusion of male and female pronuclei
b. Penetration of the ovum by a spermatozoon
c. Completion of second meiotic division of oocyte
d. Expulsion of the second polar body
e. Detachment of the tail of the fertilizing spermatozoon
23. What is the name given to a daughter cell resulting from cleavage of the zygote?
a. Morula
b. Blastocyst
c. Zona pellucida
d. Blastomere
e. Trophoblast

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24. What is the process by which the blastocyst becomes embedded in the endometrium
at the end of the first week of human development?
a. Implantation
b. Fertilization
c. Gastrulation
d. Ovulation
e. Ejaculation
25. In what structure of early human development are cells called embryoblasts and
trophoblasts distinguishable?
a. Zygote
b. Morula
c. Blastocyst
d. Blastomere
e. Epiblast
26. What is the structure that gives rise to the notochord?

a. Primitive Streak
b. Primitive node
c. Heuser's membrane
d. Pre-chordal plate
e. Pro-chordal plate
27. At what age during human development do the amniotic cavity and primary yolk sac
form?
a. First four days post fertilization
b. 5th to 9th day post fertilization
c. First week
d. Second week
e. Third week
28. Which layer in the early human embryo gives rise to ALL the primary germ layers
from which ALL tissues in the body derive?
a. Epiblast
b. Hypoblast
c. Cytotrophoblast
d. Syncytiotrophoblast
e. Heuser's Membrane
29. What is the terminology for the process by which the three primary germ layers are
formed from a midline structure occupying the posterior 3/s of the pear-shaped
human embryo?
a. Fertilization
b. Ovulation
c. Spermiation
d. Implantation
e. Gastrulation
Examiner: Richard M. Blay .

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30. What are the three primary germ layers in embryology?
a. Epiblast, trophoblast, and hypoblast
b. Ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm
c. Ectoderm, trophoblast, and embryoblast
d. Embryoblast, epiblast, and hypoblast
e. Mesoderm, Endoderm, and trophoblast
31. Which of the following refers to IDENTICAL TWINS?

a. Dichorionic
b. Monochorionic
c. Dizygotic
d. Monozygotic
32. When two ova released at ovulation are fertilized by two spermatozoa, what type of
pregnancy is likely to result?
a. Conjoined twins
b. Singleton
c. Non-identical twins
d. Identical twins
e. Hydatiform mole
33. Which primary germ layer can DIRECTLY give rise to ALL the four basic tissues?
a. Ectoderm
b. Mesoderm
c. Endoderm
d. Trophoblast
34. Concerning Mitochondria, the following statements are true EXCEPT:

a. They are responsible for converting A TP to GTP
b. They contain their own DNA
c. Produce high energy compound A TP
d. Possess two membranes
35. Which of the following features is NOT a characteristic of the cell membrane?
a. It is made up of a phospholipid monolayer.
b. It can seal tiny breaks in itself.
c. It is selectively permeable and can regulate passage of material through it.
d. Many kinds of proteins are embedded in the membrane.
e. It is useful in transport of vesicles in and out of the cell.

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36. The of the cell directs its overall activities as well as houses its genetic
material.
a. Nucleolus
b. endoplasmic reticulum
c. nucleus
d. centrosome
e. Mitochondrion
37. Which tissue is thin and specialized for the diffusion of gases and ions?
a. cuboidal epithelial
b. connective
c. simple squamous epithelium
d. simple columnar epithelium
e. stratified squamous epithelium
38. Two major parts of a cell are the nucleus and _ _ .

a. plasma membrane
b. organelle
c. reticulum
d. mitochondrion
e. cell wall
39. The _ _ functions to package molecules into vesicles that can be transported out
of a cell.
a. ribosomes
b. golgi apparatus
c. centrioles
d. membrane
e. none of the above
40. All the following are true about cellular organelles EXCEPT.
a. they are transitory components of the cell
b. they have well-defined membranes
c. they perform specific functions
d. they are found within cells
e. all of the above
41. Which of the following is not descriptive of the anatomical position?
a. arms to the sides with the palms directed backward
b. feet parallel to one another and flat on the floor
c. eyes directed forward
d. thumb pointing away from the body
e. erect body posture

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42. The reasons why we study Anatomy include all of the following EXCEPT:
a. It forms the Bedrock of medicine
b. It enables one to know the right amount of dosage for prescribed drugs
c. It helps in the recognition of Pathological changes
d. It forms the basis for surgical management
e. It forms basis for radiological diagnosis
43. The medial rotation of forearm such that the palm faces posterior is known as .....
a. Pronation
b. Supination
c. Circumduction
d. Flexion
e. Extension
44. A reference term in Anatomy where the body is divided into an anterior and
posterior parts is known as
a. Median plane
b. Sagittal Plane
c. Horizontal Plane
d. Frontal Plane
e. Medial Plane
45. In Anatomic Language, the following pair are correct except:

a. Head - caput (capitis)
b. Wrist - Phalanges
c. Neck - cervix
d. Knee - Genu
e. Chest - Thorax
46. A reference term in Anatomy where the body is divided into an anterior and
posterior parts is known as
a. Median plane
b. Sagittal Plane
c. Horizontal Plane
d. Frontal Plane
e. Medial Plane

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47. Why was Leonardo da Vinci important to the field of anatomy?
a. He was the first to unite science with art, which revolutionized the way
people thought about anatomy.
b. He was the first to dissect a human cadaver for the sake of research.
c. He founded the first university that taught anatomy.
d. He wrote a text from his observations on gladiatorial wounds that was the
authority on anatomy for the next 1,300 years.
e. He invented the simple microscope and described the nature of cells
48. Another name for the wrist bones is - - - - - - -

a. metacarpals
b. carpals
c. phalanges
d. tarsals
e. metatarsals
49. Mrs. Mensah is walking toward you. You are looking at her from alan ___ view?
a. Posterior
b. Dorsal
c. Anterior
d. Proximal
e. Lateral
50. Aseye is the cutest baby; she is lying in her crib playing with the toy that is hanging
above her. What position is Aseye lying in?
a. Supine
b. Prone
c. Flexed
d. Extended
e. Comfortable
51. Which type of blood vessels carries blood away from the heart?
a. Veins
b. Arteries
c. Capillaries
d. Arteries, veins and capillaries
52. What is the name of the blood vessel which carries blood to the right atrium?
a. Vena cava
b. Pulmonary artery A
c. Pulmonary vein
d. Aorta
e. Thoracic duct

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53. Which of the following blood vessels carry oxygenated blood?
a. Vena cava
b. Pulmonary artery
c. Pulmonary vein
d. Coronary sinus
e. Thoracic duct
54. The walls of blood capillaries are made of

a. endothelium, connective tissue and muscle fibres
b. endothelium and muscle fibres
c. endothelium and connective tissue
d. endothelium only
e. connective tissue only
55. All of the following are functions of the circulatory system EXCEPT?
a. Thermoregulation
b. Transport of oxygen, carbon dioxide, nutrients, and waste products
c. Hematopoiesis
d. Transport of hormones and antibodies
e. Immune response to pathogens
56. The correct sequence of heart chambers a red blood cell would pass through as it
travels through the heart is?
a. Right Atrium - Left Ventricle - Left Atrium - Right Ventricle
b. Right Atrium - Right Ventricle - Left Atrium - Left Ventricle
c. Left Atrium - Left Ventricle - Right Atrium - Right Ventricle
d. Left Atrium - Right Atrium - Left Ventricle - Right Ventricle
e. Superior vena cava - left atrium - left ventricle - Aorta
57. Which of the following is NOT a layer of the heart?

a. Endocardium
b. Myocardium
c. Endomyosin
d. Pericardium
58. The vessels in the circulatory system where the exchange of gas takes place are the?
a. Veins
b. Aorta
c. Arteries
d. Capillaries
e. Arterioles

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59. A new medication has been created that is very effective at treating brain tumors;
however, the medication has a short half-life once inside the body. If the medication
travels through the blood stream, which method of administration would give the
medication the most time to affect a tumor in the brain? (Assume an equal dosage of
the medicine is used for each potential method.)
a. Intravenous injection through the jugular vein
b. Placing the drug under the tongue (sublingual)
c. Subcutaneous injection
d. Inhalation
e. Skin patch
60. The chief function of the lymph node is to _ _ .

a. Produce white blood cells .
b. Destroy old red blood cells
c. Produce hormones
d. Destroy pathogens
e. All of the above
61. A deep wound to the upper thigh might damage the _ _ _ _ _ _ artery.
a. femoral
b. popliteal
c. anterior tibial
d. peroneal
e. brachial
62. Gas exchange takes place in the:

a. Pharynx
b. Larynx
c. Trachea
d. Alveoli
e. Respiratory bronchioles
63. Ventilation is a regular, rhythmic process which:

. a. Moves air into and out of the lungs
b. Releases energy from glucose within living cells
c. Reduces the surface tension of the lining of the lung
d. Protects the airways by clearing them of mucus or irritants
e. Moves gases from an area of high concentration to an area of lower
concentration

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64. Statement A: Living cells need a continuous supply of oxygen
Statement B: Living cells use oxygen to produce energy in the form of ATP
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true
e. Both A and R are false
65. Statement A: When the diaphragm contracts during expiration, the lung volume is
reduced
Statement B: During expiration, the diaphragm flattens and the ribcage enlarges
a. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A
b. Both A and R are true but R is NOT the correct explanation of A
c. A is true but R is false
d. A is false but R is true
e. Both A and R are false
66. During inspiration, air passes into lungs due to

a. Increase in volume of thoracic cavity and fall in lung pressure
b. Fall in pressure inside the lungs
c. Increased volume of thoracic cavity
d. Muscular expansion of lungs
67. The pleural cavity is the space between the lung and _ _ .
a. visceral pleural
b. thoracic wall
c. parietal pleura
d. mediastinum
e. sternum
68. The role of the conducting zone of the respiratory system is to:
a. Clean air of debris
b. Conduct air into the lungs
c. Add moisture to air
d. Warm air
e. All of the above
69. Which list of structures below form parts of the Respiratory System?
a. Lungs, Alveoli, Ribs, Liver
b. Lungs, Trachea, Larynx, Pharynx, Bronchi, Bronchioles, Alveoli, Nasal
Cavity, Heart
c. Intercostal Muscles, Lungs, Trachea, Larynx, Pharynx, Bronchi,
Bronchioles, Alveoli, Nasal Cavity
d. Throat, Bronchioles, Bronchi, Alveoli, Stomach, Ribs
e. Lungs, Trachea, Larynx, Pharynx, Bronchi, Bronchioles, arteries and veins

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70. The C-shaped pieces of cartilage are found within the _ _ .
a. trachea
b. bronchioles
c. larynx
d. pharynx
e. lungs
71. What is the correct path air takes when it enters the trachea on its way to the lungs?
a. Bronchi /bronchioles /pulmonary capillaries/ alveoli
b. Bronchioles/ bronchi/ alveoli/ pulmonary capillaries
c. Bronchi / pulmonary capillaries/alveoli/ bronchioles
d. Bronchi /bronchioles/alveoli / pulmonary capillaries
72. The space between the left and right lung is called the _
a. Thoracic
b. Pulmonary
c. Pleural
d. Mediastinum
73. The exchange of gases between the blood and the cells of the body is called:
a. external respiration
b. internal respiration
c. pulmonary ventilation
d. cellular respiration
74. Skeletal muscle is

------------------------~-------
a. Non-striated and involuntary
b. Non-striated and voluntary
c. striated and voluntary
d. striated and involuntary
e. striated and single nucleated
75. The term "dorsal" means

a .. further from the point of attachment to the body.
b. to lie with the anterior surface down.
c. toward the back of the body.
d. away from the midline.
e. Close to the midline
76. 'DNA' replication phase in cell cycle is classified as

a. D phase
b. Rphase
c. S phase
d. B phase
e. G phase

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77. The long bone in the arm is known as the _ _ _ _ _ _ __
a. Femur
b. Humerus
c. Radius
d. Fibula
e. Scapula
78. Which bone protects the brain?

a. Calcium
b. The cranium
c. The cerebrum
d. The cerebellum
e. Ostium
79. The structure that connects muscles to bones is the - - -

a. aponeurosis
b. fascicle
c. tendon
d. ligament
e. cartilage
80. Muscles that are found in heart and responsible for pumping blood are known as
a. smooth muscles
b. cardiac muscles
c. skeletal system
d. hormonal system
e. pericardium
81. For a person involved in a serious car accident, which of the functions of bones
would be especially important?
a. Storage of minerals
b. Protection of internal organs
c. Production of blood cells
d. Facilitation of movement
e. none of the above will be important
82. The thoracic cage is formed by:

a. the clavicle, scapula and humerus
b. the sacrum, coccyx, ilium, ischium and pubis
c. the sternum, ribs and part of the spine
d. frontal, parietal, occipital and temporal bones
e. sutures that hold bones firmly together

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83. The human vertebrae are classified as which type of bone?
a. Long
b. Irregular
c. Flat
d. Short
e. The vertebrae is made up of cartilage
84. What part of the skeletal system consists of the skull, breastbone, ribs and
vertebrae?
a. Systematic
b. Vertebral
c. Axial
d. Appendicular
85. Which of the following muscles is named according to its origin and insertion?
a. Transversus abdominis
b. Semimembranosus
c. Sternocleidomastoid
d. Deltoid
e. Gluteus maximus
86. Which of the muscles listed below is named according to its action?
a. Adductor longus
b. Temporalis
c. Sternocleidomastoid
d. Peroneus longus
87. Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of skeletal muscle?

a. Excitability
b. Autonomic innervation
c. Contractility
d. Extensibility
88. Which of the following muscles is NOT named after its location in the body?
a. Deltoid
b. Extensor carpi ulnaris
c. Rectus abdominis
d. Biceps femoris
89. Which of the following muscles causes the wrist to bend?

a. Extensor digitorum
b. Extensor carpi ulnaris Flexor carpi radialis
c. Flexor digitorum profundus
d. Abductor pollicis longus

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90. A synovial joint is also known as one of the following, which one?
a. Synarthrosis
b. Immovable joint
c. Slightly moveable joint
d. Freely moveable joint
91. What term is applied to moving the thigh laterally away from the midline of the
body?
a. Extension
b. Adduction
c. Abduction
d. Flexion
92. Along with the nervous system, the _ _ _ system coordinates the various activities
of body parts.
a. digestive
b. endocrine
c. circulatory
d. respiratory
e. excretory
93. are chemical messengers that are produced in one body region but affect a
different body region.
a. Enzymes
b. Endocrines
c. Neurotransmitters
d. Nucleic acids
e. Hormones
94. The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to _ _ _ _ _ __

a. cause the uterus to contract
b. induce labor
c. stimulate the release of milk from the mother's mammary glands when her
baby is nursing.
d. all of the above
95. If is lacking in the diet, the thyroid gland enlarges, producing a goiter.
a. thyroxin
b. iron
c. iodine
d. calcium
e. phosphorus

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96. The pancreatic islets produce _ _ _ __
a. insulin and glucagon
b. pancreatin
c. A CTH and aldosterone
d. pancreatic digestive enzymes
e. epinephrine
97. Insulin functions to - - - - -

a. promote the storage of nutrients
b. lower the blood glucose level by stimulating liver, fat and muscle cells to
metabolize glucose
c. stimulate uptake of glucose by cells
d. all of the above
98. Which of the following directly influences or controls the other glands?
a. anterior pituitary
b. thyroid gland
c. hypothalamus
d. ovary and testis
e. pineal gland
99. The posterior pituitary stores and secretes _ _ _ __

a. ADH and oxytocin
b. growth hormone and gonadotropin-releasing hormone
c. estrogen and testosterone
d. aldosterone and cortisone
e. adrenalin and insulin
100. What is the difference between endocrine glands and exocrine glands?
a. Endocrine glands produce hormones, whereas exocrine glands do not
b. Exocrine glands secrete into the blood stream, whereas endocrine glands
do not
c. Endocrine glands are controlled by the autonomic nervous system,
whereas exocrine glands are not
d. Exocrine glands secrete steroid hormones, whereas endocrine glands
secrete amino acid-based hormones
101. Where in the body is the hypothalamus located?

a. On the inferior surface of the brain
b. In the cortex of the adrenal gland
c. In the anterior pituitary gland
d. On the dorsal surface of the thyroid gland

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102. During formation of the neural tube, which of the following structures is formed
when the surface ectoderm thickens?
a. Neural crest
b. Neural groove
c. Neural folds
d. Neural placode
e. Neural plate
103. Which of the brain vesicles develops into the midbrain?

a. Telencephalon
b. Myelencephalon
c. Metencephalon
d. Diencephalon
e. Mesencephalon
104. Which part of the brain is formed by the secondary vesicle called
myelencephalon?
a. Midbrain
b. Medulla
c. Pons
d. Cerebellum
e. Cerebral hemispheres
105. Which of the following parts of the brain primarily controls endocrine activity?
a. Cerebell urn
b. Epithalamus
c. Hypothalamus
d. Medulla Oblongata
e. Thalamus
106. Which supporting cells in the central nervous system produce myelin sheath?
a. Protoplasmic Astrocytes
b. Fibrous Astrocytes
c. Ependymal cells
d. Schwann cells
e. Oligodendrocytes
107. Which of the following is the largest commissure in the brain?

a. Anterior commissure
b. Interthalamic adhesion
c. Posterior commissure
d. Habenular commissure
e. Corpus callosum

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108. Cutaneous receptors are generally of this type:
a. Exteroceptors
b. Proprioceptors
c. Interoceptors
d. Both proprioceptors and exteroceptors
e. Both proprioceptors and interoceptors
109. Stimulation of the sympathetic system will have the following effects, EXCEPT:
a. Dilatation of the pupils .
b. Increase in peristals,is
c. Broncho-dilatation
d. Rapid heartbeat
e. Contraction of sphincters
110. The parasympathetic nervous system differs from the sympathetic system by all
the following EXCEPT:
a. The neurotransmitter at the post ganglionic neurons is acetylcholine
instead of noradrenalin
b. Preganglionic neurons are in the thoracic and upper lumbar regions of the
spinal cord
c. Post ganglfonic neurons are located close to the target organs
d. Stimulation results in an increase in peristalsis
e. Its activity results in conservation of energy
111. Neurons forming the various autonomic ganglia in the nervous system originate
from cells in this specific part of the developing neural tissue.
a. Neural plate
b. Neural groove
c. Neural fold
d. Neural crest
e. Neural tube
112. In general, afferent nerves:

a. carry motor information to the central nervous system
b. carry sensory information to the central nervous system
c. carry sensory information to the peripheral nervous system
d. carry motor information to the peripheral nervous system
e. carry motor information from the central nervous system

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113. Regarding the organisation of the spinal cord, which of the following statements
is CORRECT?
a. Sensory information travel to the spinal cord via the ventral root
b. In the spinal cord, white matter is central and gray matter is peripheral.
c. The dorsal and ventral gray horns have motor neurons and sensory
neurons respectively
d. Each spinal nerve once formed divides into two rami
e. Each spinal segment has dorsal, ventral, and lateral gray horns
114. What is the approximate rate of growth of an axon?

a. 0.001 mm/day
b. 0.01 mm/day
c. 0.1 mm/day
d. 1.0 mm/day
e. 10.0 mm/day
115. What is the primary purpose of the spinal cord?

a. to transmit electrical signals between the brain and the rest of the body.
b. to transmit electrical signals from one region of the brain to another
region.
c. to facilitate the communication between the two halves of the brain.
d. to produce hormones and neurotransmitters.
116. The receptor responsible for detection of sound waves in the inner ear is known as
this:
a. Maculae
b. Organ of corti
c. End bulb of krause
d. Ampullary cristae
e. End bulb of ruffini
117. The receptors that respond to stretch in muscles are called:

a. Free nerve endings
b. Pacinian corpuscles
c. End bulb of krause
d. Muscle spindles
e. Tendon organs
118. The receptors that respond to tension in muscles are called:

a. Tendon organs
b. Muscle spindles
c. Pacinian corpuscles
d. Maculae
e. Free nerve endings

Page 21 of22
119. The Cell was discovered by:
a. Robert Brown
b. Robert Hooke
c. John Mendal
d. Charles Darwin
120. Which of these is the longest cell in the human body from the list given below.
a. Nerve cells
b. Gland cells
c. Bone cells
d. Muscle cells

Page 22 of22

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CANDIDATE'S ID NO: ------------------------------------------------------------ SIGN: ............................. .

1. Which of the following is NOT a basic tissue type?

3. Which of the following is TRUE for a muscle tissue?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

5. The specific intercellular junctional mechanism through which cells are

6. Which of the following statemerits about the glands is/are true?

a. i and iii only

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

9. The cell cycle is predominantly ............... .

11. Meiosis ............. .

12. Characteristics that make prophase I unique include .......... .

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

a. a (iii); b (iv); c (ii); d (i)

16. Select the CORRECT statement from among the following.

17. Which of the following concerning G 1 phase is/are INACCURATE?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

19. What are gametes in the female called?

20. What is the specific terminology for gametogenesis in the male?

22. Which of the following processes DIRECTLY produces the zygote?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

26. What is the structure that gives rise to the notochord?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay .

31. Which of the following refers to IDENTICAL TWINS?

34. Concerning Mitochondria, the following statements are true EXCEPT:

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

38. Two major parts of a cell are the nucleus and _ _ .

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

45. In Anatomic Language, the following pair are correct except:

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

48. Another name for the wrist bones is - - - - - - -

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

54. The walls of blood capillaries are made of

57. Which of the following is NOT a layer of the heart?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

60. The chief function of the lymph node is to _ _ .

62. Gas exchange takes place in the:

63. Ventilation is a regular, rhythmic process which:

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

66. During inspiration, air passes into lungs due to

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

74. Skeletal muscle is

75. The term "dorsal" means

76. 'DNA' replication phase in cell cycle is classified as

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

78. Which bone protects the brain?

79. The structure that connects muscles to bones is the - - -

82. The thoracic cage is formed by:

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

87. Which one of the following is NOT a characteristic of skeletal muscle?

89. Which of the following muscles causes the wrist to bend?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

94. The function(s) of oxytocin is/are to _ _ _ _ _ __

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

97. Insulin functions to - - - - -

99. The posterior pituitary stores and secretes _ _ _ __

101. Where in the body is the hypothalamus located?

Examiner: Richard M. Blay

103. Which of the brain vesicles develops into the midbrain?

107. Which of the following is the largest commissure in the brain?