Capstone

Chapter I
INTRODUCTION
Cleaning has recently been described as an occupational risk due to a
rise in the recorded incidence of respiratory effects such as asthma (Ramirez,
2022).
According to Manimtim (2019) floor wax is important in many households
for it makes the floor look shiny and clean. As of today, there are many brands of
floor wax that are used by people and are indeed very effective. However, the
harmful effects of the said product are often never considered. The chemicals
that the product contains can be harmful to the masses when inhaled and can
cause diseases.
According to Lee (2019) they are made of synthetic materials or a
combination of natural and artificial elements, including harmful chemicals and
highly toxic substances that might cause health concerns. Cresol, formaldehyde,
and dangerous compounds such as nitrobenzene, perchloroethylene, phenol,
toluene, and xylene were the most prevalent synthetic wax constituents used in
floor wax. There were many alternatives that can be used instead of the
synthetic materials used in commercial floor waxes. The fruits and vegetables
peels that are rich in potassium can be used as one of the ingredients in making
alternative floor wax.
Banana peels, often considered as waste material, are rich reservoirs of

bioactive.
compounds, including polyphenols, carotenoids, and flavonoids, which possess
inherent.
antioxidant and antimicrobial properties (Bala, 2019). Such constituents
present in
Avocado (Persea americana Mill) peel, Banana (Musa acuminata) peel and Coconut (Cocos nucifera) wax as an Eco-friendly floor wax
1
banana peels have been previously harnessed for various applications
in industries
ranging from food and pharmaceuticals to agriculture and cosmetics (Liu
2018) and
(Souza 2020). However, their potential utility in floor maintenance
remains an
underexplored area of research. The demand for floor waxes that not only
enhance
surface aesthetics but also align with sustainable practices has prompted the
exploration.
of botanical sources as viable alternatives. The potential advantages of utilizing
banana.
peel extract in floor wax formulations include its renewability, biodegradability,
and low.
environmental impact compared to synthetic counterparts. Additionally, the
presence of
natural compounds in banana peel extract may confer supplementary benefits,
such as
a pleasant fragrance and potentially beneficial effects on indoor air quality.
bioactive.
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According to Ramirez (2022) Avocado peel can be used as a substitute
for paraffin in floor wax. This type of debris can help to lessen the hazardous
compounds contained in commercial. Avocado peel contains fats and oils that
6
not only hydrate but also feed your skin by giving it with important nutrients for
repair and development.
Coconut wax offers several benefits over paraffin wax. It is a renewable
and sustainable resource, while paraffin wax is derived from petroleum, a non-
renewable resource. Thus, making it a safer option for households with children
or pets, while paraffin wax can emit potentially harmful chemicals when burned,
such as benzene and toluene (2023, April 15).
This study will be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Avocado
(Persea americana Mill), Banana (Musa acuminata) peel and Coconut (Cocos
nucifera) wax as an Eco-friendly floor wax so they can be recycled into good
quality product and be useful to households. Also, to reduce the harmful
chemical components found in the commercial floor wax.
Statement of the Problem
This study is conducted to determine whether avocado peel, banana peel
and coconut wax can be used as an alternative main component in making floor
wax. This study aims to answer the following question:
1. What is the quality of the alternative floor wax compared to a
commercialized floor wax in terms of:
a. Shining Longevity
b. Spreadability
2. Is there a significant difference between the effectiveness of using
avocado, banana peel, and coconut wax than commercial floor wax?
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Hypothesis
Null Hypothesis
Ho1: There is no significant difference in the quality between alternative floor wax
and commercialized floor wax in terms of shining longevity and spreadability.
Ho2: There is no significant difference between the experimental floor wax using
avocado peel, banana peel and coconut wax and the commercial floor wax using
chemicals.
Alternative Hypothesis
Ha1: There is significant difference in the quality between alternative floor wax
and commercialized floor wax in terms of shining longevity and spreadability.
Ha2: There is significant difference between the experimental floor wax using
avocado peel, banana peel and coconut wax and the commercial floor wax using
chemicals.
Significance of the Study
This study contributes new understanding for the researcher regarding
whether avocado peels, banana peels, and coconut wax could serve as primary
ingredients in producing floor wax. The study explored the potential of creating
floor wax. This study also aimed to know the significance of avocado peel,
banana peel, coconut wax and its benefits to the society.
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This study would benefit the following:
Environment. This study would help the environment to reduce harmful
chemical, promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendlier alternative. On the
use of Avocado peel, Banana peel and coconut wax holds great potential for
advancing environmental protection efforts and promoting eco-friendly practices
in various industries. By embracing this shift towards renewable resources, we
can contribute to a healthier planet for current and future generations.
Community. This study enhanced the community's understanding of utilizing
Avocado peel, Banana peel, and coconut wax as environmentally friendly floor
wax. Also, this study will reduce the amount of solid waste in community.
School. The school can benefit from this study by using the eco-friendly floor
wax in their rooms to make it look clean and shiny.
Students. The students can benefit from this study because they can get prior
knowledge in using avocado peel, banana peel and coconut wax as an eco-
friendly floor wax. Also, ensures the well-being of students by providing a safe
and effective way to maintain the floor in their rooms.
Future Researchers. To those who will pursue a study similar to this, this will
serve as reliable reference material or source to their future study or project.
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Scope and Delimitations
In this study, the focus of the researchers is on the effectiveness of
avocado peel, banana peel, and coconut wax as an eco-friendly floor wax.
Evaluation method were conducted to determine the results of the alternative
floor wax research that we only concentrated on knowing the effectiveness of
eco-friendly floor wax. Making of the eco-friendly floor wax were taken in, Purok
Mabini, Barangay Concepcion, Koronadal City, in the house of the researcher.
The avocado peel, banana peel, and coconut wax were also collected in the
researcher’s house.
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Definition of Terms
Avocado – Conceptually, the scientific name (Persea americana Mill) An
avocado is a bright green fruit with a large pit and dark leathery skin. It's also
known as alligator pear or butter fruit (Booth,2023). Operationally, the avocado’s
peel will be used in making the alternative floor wax.
Avocado peel – Conceptually, it refers to the bumpy, rough texture which is the
outer skin of the avocado fruit (Brooks, 2023)
Banana peel – Conceptually, banana’s scientific name is (Musa acuminata). A
banana peel, called banana skin in British English, is the outer covering of the
banana fruit (Hikal, W. et al.,2022). Operationally, this will be used in making the
alternative floor wax.
Coconut wax – Conceptually, coconut’s scientific name is (Cocos nucifera). The
coconut wax candle is created primarily from the high-melt coconut oil (Akeem,
2022). Operationally, this will be a substitute in paraffin wax to avoid hazardous
chemical.
Shining Longevity – Conceptually, the ability of floor finish products to provide
a durable, mirror-like shine that lasts over time. This parameter is crucial in
maintaining the appearance and longevity of floors, especially in high traffic
areas.
Spreadability – Conceptually, it refers to the ability of the wax to be evenly
distributed over a surface with minimal effort, ensuring consistent coverage and
protection.
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Paraffin - Paraffin wax is a white or colorless soft, solid wax. It’s made from
saturated hydrocarbons. It is the main ingredient in making a candle but won't be
used in our study instead we use a coconut wax.
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Chapter II
Review of Related Literatures
These studies and publications that were undertaken in this area and
used as reliable and significant references for this research are presented in this
displayed. These students are meant to provide additional, valuable information.
To employ the necessary data and information for the study, the internet was
employed as a reference source.
Floor wax
The floor wax that are popularly known have side effects that are bad for
the health. It also has a pungent odor that irritates most people. Studies show
that constant exposure to the inhalation of the odor of cleaning products,
especially floor wax, have bad respiratory effects. The purpose of this study is to
create an alternative for floor wax that eliminates the bad respiratory and
dermatological side effects, that can be obtained from floor wax, with the same
or better quality than the floor waxes known today (Alcaraz et al., 2019).
The benefits of the floor wax when applied properly was that it offers high
shine that gives advantages for both commercial and business spaces.
Commercial waxes were made of synthetic materials or a mix of artificial
materials and chemical components. For decades now, there was no doubt
about the effectivity and reliability that the floor had given us. We trust that floor
wax will serve it function without a doubt, but what concerns industry
professionals right now were the harsh chemical contents that might affect the
environment around it (Dimaano, 2019)
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The most common synthetic wax ingredients used in floor wax were
cresol, formaldehyde, and hazardous chemicals like nitrobenzene,
perchloroethylene, phenol, toluene, and xylene. Cresol was dangerous to the
health when inhaled. This substance had been shown to cause kidney and liver
damage in people and can cause a myriad of health issues for animals.
Formaldehyde had been linked to numerous medical conditions because it was
an extremely toxic substance, but it was still found in many commercial floor wax
cleaners. The health issues that had been linked to formaldehyde were cancer,
asthma, and reproductive dysfunction. It can also be lethal to many animals.
Formaldehyde was a well-known irritant of the upper respiratory tract with
symptoms such as eye, nose, and throat irritation commonly associated with
indoor exposure to gas (Feliciano, 2019)
Avocado (Persea americana Mill) peel
Avocado peel does contain potassium. A medium avocado (half the fruit)
has more potassium than a medium banana, with 487 mg of potassium
compared to 422 mg in a banana (Lang et al., 2023).
Avocado peels can be recycled and used to help the environment by
reducing waste. There were numerous strategies to reduce such trash to
maintain the cleanliness of our surroundings and to avoid the damaging effects
of pollution on us. One of the strategies to reduce waste in our environment was
to recycle fruit leftovers, one of which was the avocado peel. Avocado peel can
be used as a substitute for paraffin in floor wax. This type of debris can help to
lessen the hazardous compounds contained in commercial floor wax. Avocado
peels can be found in abundance in trash cans, particularly on side streets. This
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type of alternative can be employed by Filipino households because all the
ingredients required for this product are readily available (Ramirez, 2022).
Avocado is a significant tropical fruit with high amounts of bioactive
components, and due to its health benefits, the consumption of avocado is
increasing worldwide (Araújo et al.,2018; Migliore et al., 2018).
Avocado is a worldwide cultivated and consumed fruit which is popular
because of its nutritious bioactive composition and many health benefits.
Avocado peel is a significant part of avocado as it can be exploited to produce
food ingredients due to its rich content of high biological activity. The demand for
avocado, is increasing year by year. Processing of avocado produces
considerable number of by-products, which represents multiple environmental
problems. As a cheap and easily attainable raw material, avocado peel can be
used for production of natural food additives, pharmaceuticals, medicines, and
nature-friendly adsorbents (Akan, 2021).
A large amount of avocado is produced every year, and processing of
avocado results in the production of large quantities of peel, which is usually
disposed as waste without any further application. Avocado peel is a rich source
of diverse phytochemicals known as health-promoting compounds, and these
compounds can be used to produce high economic value products. However, the
amount and composition of phenolic compounds vary regarding different factors,
such as level of ripening and maturation, growing conditions and the country of
origin. Phenolics within avocado peel have been reported to exhibit antioxidant,
antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, and associated with extensive health
benefits. Thus, it is of great importance to recover these compounds from the
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peel for usage in food and health industries. This review focuses on the
phytochemical compounds together with main factors influencing their types and
amounts in avocado peel, and the possible utilization of this by-product in the
food, pharmaceutical and some other industries (Sadiye, 2021).
Avocado peel can be used as a substitute for paraffin in floor wax. This
type of debris can help to lessen the hazardous compounds contained in
commercial. Avocado peel contains fats and oils that not only hydrate but also
feed your skin by giving it with important nutrients for repair and development
(Diodalo, et al., 2021).
Banana (Musa acuminata) peel
The discovery of banana peeling helps prevent pollution and help reduce
the waste materials that cause our nature to have its revenge. It was
demonstrated to our investigatory that it is more secure to utilize an alternative
floor wax than commercial floor wax (Carrolls, n.d.).
Banana peels can be recycled and used to lessen the waste in our
environment. There were many ways to lessen such waste to maintain
cleanliness in our surroundings and to prevent harmful effects to humans due to
pollution. One of the ways to lessen the waste in our surroundings was to recycle
scraps came from fruits, one of which was the Banana peel. Banana peel can be
used as an alternative ingredient in making floor wax. Using this kind of scrap
can reduce the harmful chemicals components found in the commercial floor
wax (Alcaraz et al., 2019).
The specific emphasis on surface shine is crucial, as it directly impacts
the visual appeal of floors. Understanding how banana peel extract interacts with
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different types of floor surfaces and its ability to contribute to a lustrous finish is
pivotal for its practical application (Anderson and White, 2018). This study seeks
to uncover the underlying mechanisms governing the interaction between
banana peel extract and floor surfaces, shedding light on its potential as a
natural enhancer of shine.
Banana peels are indeed very slippery due to a gel-like substance they
produce when crushed, which contains polysaccharides and proteins (De Jesus,
n.d.).
Coconut (Cocos nucifera) wax
According to the National Candle Association (2019), Over the centuries,
candle waxes have been developed from a variety of fats, oils and waxy-like
substances derived from animals, insects, plants, and rocks. Scientists consider
“wax” to be a generic term for classifying materials that are liquid at higher
temperature, water repellent, smooth texture, low odor, and low toxicity. All
waxes are primarily hydrocarbons, whether the wax is of animal, vegetable, or
petroleum origin. The chemical composition of all waxes used for candle-making
is similar, and all candle waxes burn in the same manner.
According to Mazzaferro, R. (2020) the pure version of coconut wax (no
other additives) is incredibly soft compared to soy wax and has a very low
melting point (100-107 F), making it easy to apply and spread on the floor.
Coconut waxes tend to be blended with other waxes, such as soy wax, to help
increase the melting point (Keap Candles, 2020).
According to Henley, V. (2022) Coconut oil is a versatile product that could
become your cleaning aid, from polishing shoes to cleaning make-up brushes. It
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also can condition and restore wood, much like a wax, even helping to prevent
water stains.
Coconut wax and paraffin wax are two popular materials used in candle-
making, but they have some significant differences in terms of benefits and
environmental impact. Coconut wax is made from the oil of coconuts, which is a
renewable resource. In contrast, paraffin wax is derived from petroleum, a non-
renewable resource. Paraffin wax can emit potentially harmful chemicals when
burned, such as benzene and toluene. Coconut wax is biodegradable and
breaks down naturally, whereas paraffin wax is not biodegradable and can
contribute to waste and pollution (William, 2023).
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Chapter III
Methodology
The several methods and procedures followed in conducting the study,
the research design, and the research instruments and materials used are
reviewed in this chapter.
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Figure No.1 Flowcharts of Procedures
Research Design
The study used a quantitative–experimental research design, a posttest
control group. According to Frey (2018), the posttest-only control group design is
a research design in which there are at least two groups, one of which does not
receive a treatment or intervention, and data are collected on the outcome
measure after the treatment or intervention.
This design consists of a hypothesis that the researcher may monitor,
calculate, and compare. The data was gathered by the researcher, and the
results will either confirm or refute the hypothesis. This study aims to describe
the experimental floor wax effectiveness. The gathered data will be compared
statistically to determine whether there is a significant difference that existed
between the commercial floor wax and the experimental floor wax.
Above all, experimental research will be carried out in a controlled
setting.
Study Site and Duration of the Study
The preparation of the Avocado Peel, Banana Peel and Coconut wax will
be done at Brgy. Concepcion, City of Koronadal. The study will be conducted this
March 2024.
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Materials
These process of creating alternative floor wax were adapted from some
previous studies namely, (Diodalo et al., 2021), (Ramirez, 2022), (Manimtim,
2019)
A. Acquiring of avocado, banana peel and coconut wax
According to Ramirez (2022) five (5) avocado fruit will be collected
near the researcher’s house. We will pick the most ripened/reject
avocado. Additionally, these fruits are clean and isn’t rotten to prevent the
organic substance to be exact in the process.
Five (5) banana peel will be collected near the researcher’s house.
Only the peels of the eaten banana will be collected (Arabejo et al., 2022)
A 450 mL of coconut wax will be prepared in the researcher’s
house (Manimtim, 2019) added with 20 grams of soy wax (Keap Candles,
2020).
B. Preparation of banana and avocado peel powder
Firstly, we will do the dehydration process where we will cut the
banana peel into small pieces and sun-dry them along with the avocado
peel under 40°C. After it is drought by the sun grind the dried avocado
and banana peel separately into a fine powder using a food processor
(Rotta et al., 2015).
C. Making the experimental floor wax
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In making the avocado peel, banana peel and coconut wax
mixture, the following are the materials needed. 20g of avocado peel
powder, 20g of banana peel powder, and 450ml of coconut wax. Firstly,
melt the coconut wax in a pan with low heat (Manimtim, 2019). Add the
ground avocado and banana peel powder to the melted wax until well
combined (Ramirez 2022) and (Arabejo et al., 2022). Lastly, take the pan
out, pour it into a container and let it cool.
D. Testing the Experimental Floor wax
The testing of the alternative and commercial floor wax will be done
in the classroom and in the house of researchers, where we will test its
shining longevity and spreadability.
E. Results and Synthesis
Finally, the results will be gathered and evaluated with the aim to
draw conclusions from the collected evidence.
Statistical Treatment
Independent T-test: this is a statistical technique that is used to analyze
the mean comparison of two independent groups. In the independent samples t-
test, when we take two samples from the same population, then the mean of the
two samples may be identical. But when samples are taken from two different
populations, then the mean of the sample may differ. In this case, it is used to
draw out conclusions about the means of two populations and used to tell
whether they are similar.
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CHAPTER IV
Presentation, Analysis, and Interpretation of Data
This chapter includes a description of the study’s key conclusions,
analysis of the data gathered, and a more in-depth discussion of the procedures
the researchers employed to carry out the experiment.
The Application Experimental Floor Wax
Figure 2. Application of the Experimental Floor wax unto Treatment 1.
This treatment was consisted of six empty floor slots, of which three were
rubbed to polish with the experimental. The researchers used the rubbing
method, where they applied the chosen independent variable, which is the
experimental floor wax, with a clean cloth rubbed onto the floor barefooted,
yielding anticipated statistical results. Then, through observation, the
researchers were able to identify that the experimental floor wax had an effect on
the floor, which, when applied, turned out to look clean, neat, glossy, and shiny.
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The Commercial Floor Wax Treatment
Figure 3. Application of Commercial Floor Wax unto Treatment 2.
In this treatment, the variable used by the researcher was the
commercialized floor wax that has been compared in its effectiveness as a floor
wax to the experimental. Through observation, the researcher was able to
identify that both waxes have an effect on the floor, making it look clean, neat
and shiny like the effect of experimental floor wax, but with a significant
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difference between the two variables in the shining longevity and appearance of
the application to the floor.
Shining Longevity Test
Shining Longevity Remarks
Groups
T1 T2 T3 AVERAGE
(15 mins) (20 mins) (25 mins)
Experimental
Floor wax 15 20 25 20
Commercial
Floor wax 13.36 14.18 14.5 14.01
Three floor slots, each with dimensions of 25 inches in both length and
width, were treated with 30mL of experimental floor wax, while the other three
slot were treated with commercial floor wax. This was done to compare the
ability of the two types of wax to maintain the floors' shine over a specified period
without any foot traffic. The evaluation was conducted by measuring the shining
longevity of the floor slot.
Table 1. Shining Longevity Test.
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The experimental floor wax achieved higher shining longevity scores than
the commercial floor wax in trials 1, 2, and 3. Specifically, the commercial wax
scored a minimum of 13.36 minutes and a maximum of 14.5 minutes whereas
the experimental wax consistently scored higher than the commercial wax in all
three trials. This implies that the experimental floor wax is more successful in
enhancing the shine of the floor slot compared to the commercial wax in all three
instances. According to Alcaraz et al., (2019) longer-lasting shine can be an
indicator of a higher-quality floor wax, as it suggests that the wax has better
protective properties and is more resistant to wear and tear.
Spreadability Test
Three trials were conducted to compare the spreadability of
commercialized and experimental floor wax. The floor wax samples were
measured using a microscope slide, with the same amount of floor wax applied
to each slide. The experimental floor wax was spread using a method where two
slides were moved past each other, the same as with commercialized floor wax.
After that, the two treatments received the same weight to be put on top of them
and were left for 3 minutes. To ensure that the amount was fair and not biased
the researchers used pea size amount of both commercial and experimental
floor wax. Then, after 3 minutes the researchers measured the visible continuous
line created by both commercial and experimental floor wax (Das et al., 2018).
Groups T1 T2 T3 AVERAGE
Experimental
Floor wax 6.5 cm 6.7 cm 6.6 cm 6.6
Commercial
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Floor wax 5.9 cm 6.4 cm 6.5 cm 6.27
Table 2. Spreadablity Test
The experimental floor wax spread evenly on the glass slides, while the
commercial floor wax caused significant friction during the application process. In
trials 1, 2, and 3, the commercial floor wax had a minimum score of 5.9cm and a
maximum of 6.5cm, while the experimental floor wax consistently scored higher
than the commercial floor wax in all three trials. This indicates that the
experimental floor wax had better spreadability than the commercial floor wax in
all three trials, as shown by its higher scores. Therefore, the experimental floor
wax was more effective in improving the spreadability of the glass slides
compared to the commercial wax in all three instances. The large spread area
has shown the good consistency of floor wax (Das et al.,2018).
Analysis of Results
Figure 4. Before Application Figure 5. Floor After Application
In figures No. 4 and 5 it shows the images of a floor before and after the
application of commercialized floor wax (right) and experimental floor wax (left).
The researchers noticed that after applying commercial and experimental floor
wax in their respective replicates, the floors dried at various times, indicating a
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discernible difference in efficacy and efficiency. This could be the result of the
experimental floor wax's ingredients acting to make the floor endure longer.
Figure 6. Slides Before Application Figure 7. Slides After Application
The images in Figures 6 and 7 display the appearance of slides before
and after the use of commercial and experimental floor waxes. Researchers
observed that the commercial floor wax, when compared to the experimental
floor wax, generated more friction and was harder to spread in its respective
replicates. This could be attributed to the fact that the experimental floor wax,
which contains coconut wax, facilitated the smooth movement of the glass
slides, making it easier to spread. This finding suggests that the experimental
29
floor wax's ingredients, particularly coconut wax, may contribute to its ability to
create a smooth and glossy surface upon contact with the slides.
Independent T-test
Variable N Mean MSD T-statistics
Experimental 3 Computed Tabulated

Floor wax 20 Value Value
2.771
Commercial 3 14.01 2.16 1.943
Floor wax
Table 3: The Shining Longevity of Experimental and Commercial Floor wax.
The table 3 above indicates that upon finishing three trials on both the
experimental and commercial floor wax, the computation for independent t-test
of the experimental floor wax resulted to the mean of 20. On the other hand, the
mean of the commercial floor wax was 14.01. The standard error of difference
between means was 2.771. Meanwhile, the computed value was 2.16. The
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researchers used a =0.05 and calculated its critical value to determine the
tabulated value that resulted to 1.943.
Given that the computed value was 2.16 which is greater than the
tabulated value 1.943, the null hypothesis (Ho2) is rejected, and the alternative
hypothesis (Ha2) is accepted. This implies that there is a significant difference
between the experimental and commercial floor wax.
Variable N Mean MSD T-statistics
Experimental 3 Computed Tabulated

Floor wax 6.6 0.042 Value Value
Commercial 3 6.27 7.86 1.943

Floor wax
Table 4. The Spreadability of Experimental and Commercial Floor wax
The table 4 reveals that after conducting three tests on both the
experimental and commercial floor wax, the independent t-test for the
experimental floor wax yielded a mean of 6.6, while the commercial floor wax
had a mean of 6.27. The standard error of the difference between means was
0.042, and the calculated value was 7.86. The researchers used a significance
level of 0.05 and determined its critical value to calculate the tabulated value,
which was 1.943. Since the calculated value of 7.86 is greater than the tabulated
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value of 1.943, the null hypothesis (H o2) is rejected in favor of the alternative
hypothesis (Ha2). Therefore, there is a statistically significant difference between
the experimental and commercial floor wax.
CHAPTER V
Summary of Findings, Conclusions, and Recommendations
This chapter includes a summary of the study, the researcher’s findings,
conclusions drawn from the results of the experiment, and recommendations the
researchers would like to suggest for future generations.
Summary of Findings
The study focuses on the effectiveness of avocado, banana peel and
coconut wax as an eco-friendly floor wax.
The following are the results of the study:
1. The experimental floor wax outperformed the commercial
floor wax in both shining longevity and spreadability based on the
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conducted trials. In terms of shining longevity, the commercial floor wax
had a minimum duration of 13.36 minutes and a maximum of 14.5
minutes, while the experimental floor wax consistently scored higher in all
three trials.
Regarding spreadability, the experimental floor wax demonstrated
superior performance by spreading evenly on the glass slides, whereas
the commercial floor wax caused significant friction during application. In
trials 1, 2, and 3, the commercial floor wax had a spread range of 5.9cm
to 6.5cm, while the experimental floor wax consistently scored higher in all
three trials.
These results highlight that the experimental floor wax exhibited
better shining longevity and spreadability than the commercial floor wax in
all three trials, showcasing its effectiveness in providing long-lasting shine
and improving the spreadability of glass slides compared to the
commercial wax in both tests. Therefore, the null hypothesis (Ho1) is
rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha1) is accepted.
According to Alcaraz (2019) longer-lasting shine can be an
indicator of a higher-quality floor wax, as it suggests that the wax has
better protective properties and is more resistant to wear and tear.
According to Das et al., (2018) The large spread area in spreadability test
has shown the good consistency of floor wax.
2. After conducting trials on both the experimental and
commercial floor wax products and evaluating them based on two factors,
shining longevity and spreadability, the independent t-test results were
calculated. For shining longevity, the experimental floor wax had a mean
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of 20, while the commercial wax had a mean of 14.01, with a standard
error of difference between means of 2.771 and a computed value of
2.16. For spreadability, the experimental floor wax had a mean of 6.6, and
the commercial wax had a mean of 6.27, with a standard error of
difference between means of 0.042 and a computed value of 7.86.
The researchers used a significance level of a =0.05 and calculated a
critical value of 1.943. Since both calculated values are greater than the
critical value, the null hypothesis (Ho2) is rejected in favor of the alternative
hypothesis (Ha2) for both factors.
Therefore, there is a statistically significant difference between the
experimental avocado, banana peel and coconut wax as eco-friendly floor
wax and commercial floor wax (Montano, 2021).
Conclusion
Based on the findings and results of the experiment, the researcher
concluded that the experimental floor wax is efficient, has a great deal of
potential to serve as a substitute floor wax to keep the floor neat and shiny, and
differs significantly from commercial floor wax. The researchers were able to
create an alternative floor wax and evaluate its effectiveness at shining floors
using avocado (Persea americana Mill), banana (Musa acuminata) peel, and
coconut (Cocos nucifera) wax as the main ingredients. The conclusion is that the
duration of the experimental floor wax differs significantly from that of the
commercial floor wax. The fact that the experimental floor wax lasts longer and
spread easier than commercial floor wax indicates that there is enough evidence
to reject the null hypothesis.
34
Recommendation
The proponents provide the following recommendations to other researchers
attempting to investigate this area of study:
1. The researchers suggest to the future researchers to explore further
studies about the effectiveness of avocado, banana peel, and coconut
(Cocos nucifera) wax as eco-friendly floor wax.
2. The researchers suggest using more soy wax to achieve the desired
consistency and have a high melting point.
3. The researchers suggest future researchers to use gloss meter as a
parameter to measure the gloss of the floor wax.
4. The researchers should carry out an experiment that could benefit the
community by helping the environments' waste into use.
5. The researchers should try other testing method in proving the
effectiveness of the product.
35

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Chapter I

Cleaning has recently been described as an occupational risk due to a

rise in the recorded incidence of respiratory effects such as asthma (Ramirez,

According to Manimtim (2019) floor wax is important in many households

According to Lee (2019) they are made of synthetic materials or a

combination of natural and artificial elements, including harmful chemicals and

and dangerous compounds such as nitrobenzene, perchloroethylene, phenol,

alternative floor wax.

Banana peels, often considered as waste material, are rich reservoirs of

repair and development.

Coconut wax offers several benefits over paraffin wax. It is a renewable

such as benzene and toluene (2023, April 15).

This study will be conducted to investigate the effectiveness of Avocado

quality product and be useful to households. Also, to reduce the harmful

chemical components found in the commercial floor wax.

Statement of the Problem

This study is conducted to determine whether avocado peel, banana peel

wax. This study aims to answer the following question:

1. What is the quality of the alternative floor wax compared to a

commercialized floor wax in terms of:

2. Is there a significant difference between the effectiveness of using

and commercialized floor wax in terms of shining longevity and spreadability.

and commercialized floor wax in terms of shining longevity and spreadability.

Significance of the Study

This study contributes new understanding for the researcher regarding

banana peel, coconut wax and its benefits to the society.

Environment. This study would help the environment to reduce harmful

chemical, promoting a more sustainable and eco-friendlier alternative. On the

advancing environmental protection efforts and promoting eco-friendly practices

in various industries. By embracing this shift towards renewable resources, we

can contribute to a healthier planet for current and future generations.

Community. This study enhanced the community's understanding of utilizing

wax in their rooms to make it look clean and shiny.

and effective way to maintain the floor in their rooms.

serve as reliable reference material or source to their future study or project.

In this study, the focus of the researchers is on the effectiveness of

Evaluation method were conducted to determine the results of the alternative

floor wax research that we only concentrated on knowing the effectiveness of

Mabini, Barangay Concepcion, Koronadal City, in the house of the researcher.

Avocado – Conceptually, the scientific name (Persea americana Mill) An

known as alligator pear or butter fruit (Booth,2023). Operationally, the avocado’s

peel will be used in making the alternative floor wax.

outer skin of the avocado fruit (Brooks, 2023)

Banana peel – Conceptually, banana’s scientific name is (Musa acuminata). A

alternative floor wax.

Coconut wax – Conceptually, coconut’s scientific name is (Cocos nucifera). The

2022). Operationally, this will be a substitute in paraffin wax to avoid hazardous

Shining Longevity – Conceptually, the ability of floor finish products to provide

maintaining the appearance and longevity of floors, especially in high traffic

Spreadability – Conceptually, it refers to the ability of the wax to be evenly

saturated hydrocarbons. It is the main ingredient in making a candle but won't be

used in our study instead we use a coconut wax.

Review of Related Literatures

displayed. These students are meant to provide additional, valuable information.

employed as a reference source.

that constant exposure to the inhalation of the odor of cleaning products,

Commercial waxes were made of synthetic materials or a mix of artificial

environment around it (Dimaano, 2019)

cresol, formaldehyde, and hazardous chemicals like nitrobenzene,

perchloroethylene, phenol, toluene, and xylene. Cresol was dangerous to the

Formaldehyde had been linked to numerous medical conditions because it was

asthma, and reproductive dysfunction. It can also be lethal to many animals.

Formaldehyde was a well-known irritant of the upper respiratory tract with

indoor exposure to gas (Feliciano, 2019)