AMANI COUNSELLING CENTRE AND

TRAINING INSTITUTE:

CERTIFICATE COURSE: COUNSELLING

AND PSYCHOLOGY

BLOCK TWO ASSIGNMENT ELDORET

SUBMITTED BY: TABITHA KAMENE

0729446948

19TH DECEMBER 2023

Contents
1. OUTLINE FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO FAMILY
VIOLENCE.................................................................................2
B) Describe the methods that can be used to address
different types of gender-based violence...................................2
2. OUTLINE THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN GROUPS
AND DEVELOPMENT IN COUNSELING..............................3
3. NALIAKA IS A GIRL AGED 12 WHO HAS BEEN
REPORTEDLY ABUSED SEXUALLY AND PHYSICALLY
BY THE CARETAKER..............................................................3
a) What are some of the signs and symptoms that naliaka
might be experiencing...............................................................3
b) How would you help naliaka?..............................................4
References....................................................................................5

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 1. OUTLINE FACTORS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO FAMILY
VIOLENCE

i. Gender inequity- this is caused by an unequal distribution of power, resources

and opportunity between women and men.
ii. Alcohol and drug use- these causes’ people to act in ways the other ways
wouldn't it alters the way within some people become more aggressive.
iii. Financial stress -when there is financial crisis there can be a lot of stress in the
family hence some family members leads to some abnormal behaviors.
iv. Impulsivity- while heightened impulsivity may come from drinking and drugs
some people's brains are programmed to be more impulsive than normal this may
lead to reduced serotonin, reduced prefrontal inhibition.
v. Social isolation as people spend more time together with no outsiders visitors it
can lead to an increase in family violence.
vi. History of Violence it made tend to generational which can be passed on from
Generation to generation if not handled well.

B) Describe the methods that can be used to address different types of gender-
based violence.

i. Funding women's full participation in civil Society more money needs to flow
towards supporting women in the society.
ii. Scaling up prevention efforts that address an equal gender power relationship relation
as a root cause of gender-based violence.
iii. Bring gender-based violence clinical services to lower levels health facilities having
facilities that can accommodate all the services are offered in one place. Addressing
the needs to child survivors including intervention to disrupt the gender-based
violence cycle we lack trained professionals to work with children who have
experienced gender-based violence especially when the public traitors are parents or
other family members.
iv. Developing guidance for Building Systems to eliminate gender-based violence by
addressing gbv in different sectors such as hospitals and giving shelters and trained
counselors.
v. Developing support programs for professionals experiencing second-hand trauma
unless an until we address those fundamental inequalities which includes recognizing
that women's right are human rights we will not end gender-based violence.

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 2. OUTLINE THE IMPORTANCE OF HUMAN GROUPS AND
DEVELOPMENT IN COUNSELING.

i. Understanding developmental stage helps counselor gain understanding of the various

development individual go through in life. This help to understand the unique
challenge and experiences that individuals may face at different points in their lives.
ii. Recognizing risks factors counselors become equipped to identify risks affect an
individual's mental health or well-being .Helps The Counselor to intervene early and
prevent the development of more serious problem.
iii. Developing appropriate interventions counselor can develop appropriate interventions
that are tailored to the individual specific needs counselor who understands the
developmental needs of children will better able to develop interventions that are age
appropriate and effective.
iv. Building rapport help The Counselor build a rapport with their clients through
demonstrating an understanding of an individual experience and developmental needs
counselors can establish trust and develop strong therapeutic relationship.
v. Promote resilience this help counselor promote resilience in the client by recognizing
the unique strength and Resources that individuals bring to the table through this
helps The Counselor to help the client to develop a sense of agency and
empowerment.

3. NALIAKA IS A GIRL AGED 12 WHO HAS BEEN REPORTEDLY

ABUSED SEXUALLY AND PHYSICALLY BY THE CARETAKER.

a) What are some of the signs and symptoms that naliaka might be
experiencing

i. Bruising.
ii. Broken bones.
iii. Difficulties in walking.
iv. Torn stared or bloody clothing.
v. Signs of depressions.
vi. Mood swings.
vii. Change in eating and sleeping patterns.
viii. Sexually transmitted diseases.
ix. Withdrawal from family and friends.
x. Loss of confidence.

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 xi. Anxiety.
xii. Lose interest in playing.
xiii. Decline in school performance.
xiv. Becomes quieter usual.
xv. Aggressive for no reason.

b) How would you help naliaka?

i. Give her emotional support.
ii. Reach out to professionals for help and safety.
iii. Seek medical care for naliaka.
iv. Provide a safe and supportive environment for her help her know her options.
v. Maintain confidentiality.

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References

Jacquet, S.E;Surra, C. A. (2001). "Parental divorce and premarital couples:

commitment and other relationship characteristics", Journal of
Marriage and
Family.63 (3):627-638.doi:10.1111/.1741-3737.2001.00627.x.
Lucas, R (2007)."Adaptation and the set-point model of subjective well-being:
Does happiness change after major life events?.Current Directions in
Psychological Sclence.16:75-79.doi:10.1111/j.1467-
8721.2007.00479.x.S2CID 18842089.
Shanahan, M.J(2000)."Pathways to Adulthood in Changing
Societies:Variability and Mechanisms in Life Course
Perspective".Annual Review of Sociology. 26:679.
doi:10.1146/annurev.soc.26.1.667.
Tebeka, S.; Hoertel, N.;Dubertret,C.;Le Strat,Y.(2016)."Parental
divorce or denth
during childhood and ndolescence and its association with
mental health".The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease.
204(9): 678-685. doi:10.1097/
NMD.0000000000000549.PMID
27356119.S2CID 38403800
Waite, L. J, Browning, D., Doherty, W.J.,
Gallngher, M. Luo, Y.& Stnnley,S.M.

(2003)."Does Divorce Make People Ilnppy? Findings

from a Study of Unhappy Marriages". Insfitute for
American Values. ISBN 1-931764-03-4

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Wallerstein,J. S.,Lewis, J. M., & Blakeslee,S.(2001).The Unexpected
Legacy of

Divorce:The 25 Year Landmark Srudy.Hachette Books.

ISBN 0-7868-6394-3

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