CONSTITUTION
check the official conduct of his agents.
EXECUTIVE DEPARTMENT
The constitution states that “The executive
power shall be vested in the President of the
Philippines”
Executive power is granted only to one person,
the President. He alone is “the repository of all
the executive power of the government. He is
not merely the chief executive’ but ‘the
executive.”
Article 7 Section 1, Constitution
The executive power shall be vested in a
President of the Philippines
The executive branch is unitary since there is
only one President vested with executive power
exercising control over the entire Executive
branch
Executive power – power to enforce and
administer laws. It is the power of carrying the
laws into practical operation and enforcing their
due observance. Further, the President as the
Executive not only exercises executive power
proper but also administrative power.
Administrative power – concerns itself with the
work of applying policies and enforcing orders
as determined by proper governmental organs.
The President as the executive authority has the
duty of supervising the enforcement of laws for
the maintenance of general peace and public
order
The President as the administrative head, his
duty is to see that every government office is
managed and maintained properly by the
persons in charge of it in accordance with
pertinent laws and regulations
The power of control vest in him by the
constitution enables him to fix a uniform
standard of administrative efficiency and to
Prerogatives of the President
1. Appointing Power
2. Power of Control
3. Military Pardoning
4. Diplomatic
5. Budgetary
6. Borrowing powers
7. Residual powers
8. Take care and informing functions
9. Call Congress to special sessions
10. Approve or veto bills
11. Consent to the deputization of
government personnel by the COMELEC
12. Approval of disciplinary actions by
COMELEC against erring deputized
officials and employees
13. Exercise of delegated emergency and
tariff powers
Qualifications to become President
1. A natural born citizen
2. A registered voter
3. Able to read and write
4. At least forty (40) years of age on the
day of election
5. A resident for at least ten (10) years
immediately preceding the election
The qualifications set out in the Fundamental
Law are exclusive
Same qualifications shall also apply to the Vice
President
Election, Term and Term Limit
The President and the Vice President term limits
is six (6) years.
The President shall not be eligible for any
reelection. No person who has succeeded as
President and has served as such for more than
four (4) years shall be qualified for election to
the same office.

On the other hand, a vice-president could not

serve for more than two consecutive terms.

Congress acts as the board of canvassers for the

presidential elections.

The election returns, shall not later than thirty

days after the day of the election, open all
certificates in the presence of Senate and the
House of Representatives in joint public session

Constitutional design intended to democratize

the elective offices by giving more
opportunities to the widest possible choices

With regard to Congress doing its job as a board

of canvassers, the Court held that such official
undertaking continues even when Congress has
already adjourned sine die. What only comes to
an end is the legislative function of Congress,
not its non-legislative functions – which is
being the National Board of Canvassers.

Since the Congress has not yet completed its

non-legislative duty to canvass the votes and
proclaim the duty elected President and Vice
President, its existence as the National Board
of Canvassers, as well as that of the Joint
Committee to which it referred the preliminary
tasks of authenticating and canvassing the
certificates of canvass, has not become functus
officio.

The Court created a Presidential Electoral

Tribunal as a distinct body specifically tasked to
handle electoral contests involving the
presidency and vice-presidency.