A

1. D. The cyst consists of three layers; pericyst, ectocyst, and endocyst.

2. C. It is a suppurative process.
3. C. Suppurative changes need 7-10 days to develop.
4. B. Shaving the area of operation 36 hours before surgery.
5. A. Staff with focus of infection can only deal with patients after wearing special clothes
and gowns.
6. B. In modern theatre design the ventilation system is not of that importance.
7. B. Healing within 2-3 weeks.
8. C. Third degree burn.
9. E. Urine output.
10. C. Healing by tertiary intention.
11. D. Wound left open and healed with contraction and epithelialisation.
12. C. Remodeling phase.
13. B. Hematoma.
14. E. Foreign body.
15. B. It is brilliantly transilluminable.
16. C. Presence of long fistula tract.
17. A. Monopolar diathermy.
18. E. Basal skull fracture.
19. C. Corrugated drain is used in abscess and debrided wounds.
20. C. Immortality.
21. D. Not resemble to the cells of origin.
22. A. The disease is detectable at early stage.
23. B. Acute on chronic limb ischemia.
24. C. A localized permanent dilatation of an artery to more than 1.5 of its original diameter.
25. A. Doppler ultrasound.
26. B. Peripheral arterial disease.
27. D. High risk.
28. B. Acquired lymphedema.
29. D. Lymphangitis and lymphadenitis.
30. C. More than 15.
31. D. Covert injuries cannot be expected form mechanism of injury.
32. C. Local examination is not essential to confirm the extent of the injury and the need for
wound exploration.
33. A. This injury behaves more or less like stab injuries.
34. D. Detailed history and examination should be taken to reveal every injury.
35. E. Definitive care is to develop the final management plan .
36. B. Intact infrastructure.
37. A. Triage should be done once at the site of the event to identify priorities.
38. C. The causative agent produces an endotoxin.
39. A. High plasma insulin.
40. C. Score of 0 (zero) indicates that the patient has low risk of overall under-nutrition and
needs only routine clinical care.
41. A. Skin erosion .
42. A. NaCl 0.9% solution.
43. E. infection after surgery is the most common cause of reactionary hemorrhage.
44. A. It is systolic BP less than 90 mmHg or a fall in diastolic BP more than 40 mmHg with
clinical evidence of tissue hypoperfusion.
45. C. Normal mental status.
46. A. Hemoglobin less than 6 g / dl.
47. D. Circulatory overload.
48. E. Hypernatremia.
49. D. O- negative blood as universal donor.
50. C. Phantom pain.
51. D. Clinically the edema is limited to the area of visible skin erythema.
52. B. Rolled edge indicates basal cell carcinoma.
53. A. Dry gangrene is usually due to ischemia.
54. A. Abdominal ultrasound.
55. A. The ultrasound wave is highly attenuated by air, fat and bone.
56. A. It is used in the assessment of intracranial, spinal and musculoskeletal disorders,
allowing a global assessment of bony and soft-tissue structures .
57. E. 6 h for solid materials preoperatively.
58. D. 4 weeks preoperatively.
59. B. Air with downward displacement over the operating table.
60. C. Mask visors can protect the eyes from potential cross-contamination.