English Unit 2 : The times they are a-changing, gender-related vocabulary

GENDER-RELATED VOCABULARY

Agender: an adjective that describes a person who does not identify as any gender.

Bias: an unfair/unreasonable opinion and/or difference in the treatment of men or women because
of their sex.

Detransition: Detransition (sometimes called retransition) is the process of halting or reverting a

transgender identification or gender transition.

(The) digital gender gap: The digital divide, or technology gap, is the difference between groups with
access to technology and the internet and those without. Girls and women often have less access to
technology and the internet compared to boys and men. Particularly in developing countries, girls
and women struggle to afford technology and internet access. In addition, stereotypes around
technology being ‘for boys’ and fear of being discriminated against stop girls from using digital tools.

Discrimination: the unjust or prejudicial treatment of different categories of people, especially on

the grounds of race, age, or sex.

Disparity: lack of similarity or equality (= inequality).

Feminism: the belief in social, economic, and political equality of the sexes.

Gender: refers to the characteristics of women, men, girls and boys that are socially constructed.

Gender dysphoria: refers to psychological distress that results from an incongruence between one's
sex assigned at birth and one's gender identity.

Gendered language: Gendered language is commonly understood as language that has a bias
towards a particular sex or social gender. In English, this would include using gender-specific terms
referring to professions or people, such as 'businessman' or 'waitress', or using the masculine
pronouns (he, him, his) to refer to people in general, such as 'a doctor should know how to
communicate with his patients'.

Gender fluidity: Gender-fluid people are people whose gender changes over time. A gender-fluid
person might identify as a woman one day and a man the next.

Gender gap: the differences and inequalities between men and women in social, political,
intellectual, cultural, or economic areas. Example: the gender pay gap.

Gender identity: a person's feeling, one’s own internal sense of having a particular gender. It can
correlate with a person's assigned sex at birth or can differ from it.

Gender inequity/inequality: Gender inequality refers to unequal treatment or perceptions of

individuals based on their gender. It arises from differences in socially constructed gender roles.

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English Unit 2 : The times they are a-changing, gender-related vocabulary

Gender neutral: suitable for, applicable to, or common to both male and female genders.

Example: gender-neutral clothing.

Gender nonconforming: “Gender nonconforming” is a term given to people who don’t conform with
(= to obey or to agree with) the gender norms that are expected of them. The term usually refers to
gender expression or presentation (that is, how someone looks and dresses).

Gender pay gap: The gender pay gap or gender wage gap is the average difference between the
remuneration for working men and women.

Gender pronouns: Gender pronouns are the terms people choose to refer to themselves that
reflect their gender identity. These might be he/him, she/her, or gender-neutral pronouns such as
they/them.

Genderqueer: also known as non-binary, refers to gender identities that are not
exclusively masculine or feminine.

Gender roles: a set of societal norms dictating the types of behaviours which are generally
considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for people based on their actual or perceived sex.
Gender roles are usually centered on conceptions of femininity and masculinity.

Gender spectrum: The gender spectrum is an understanding that gender is not binary (female/male),
but rather a spectrum of biological, mental, and emotional traits.

Gender stereotypes: an overgeneralization of characteristics differences and attributes of an

entire group based on gender. Gender stereotypes create a widely accepted judgment or bias
about certain characteristics or traits that apply to each gender.

Glass ceiling: an intangible barrier within a hierarchy that prevents women or minorities from
obtaining upper-level positions.

Intersex (people): Intersex is a general term used for a variety of conditions in which a person is born
with a reproductive or sexual anatomy that does not seem to fit the typical definitions of female or
male. For example, a person might be born appearing to be female on the outside but having mostly
male-typical anatomy on the inside.

LGBTQIA+: abbreviation for Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Queer/Questioning, Intersex and
Asexual. The + hints ar other sexual orientations like pansexual.

Misogynistic: showing feelings of hating women or a belief that men are better than women.

Motherhood penalty: is a term coined by sociologists who argue that in the workplace, working
mothers encounter systematic disadvantages in pay, perceived competence, and benefits relative to
childless women.

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English Unit 2 : The times they are a-changing, gender-related vocabulary

Prejudice: an unfair and unreasonable opinion or feeling, especially when formed without enough
thought or knowledge.

Sex segregation: Sex segregation, sex separation or gender segregation is the physical, legal, or
cultural separation of people according to their biological sex.

Sexual harassment: is any form of unwelcome sexual behaviour that is offensive, humiliating or
intimidating.

Sexual misconduct: Sexual misconduct includes sexual harassment, sexual assault, and any
behaviour of a sexual nature that is without consent or has the effect of threatening or intimidating
the person against whom such conduct is directed.

Social gender: Social gender includes gender expression, which is the way we communicate our
gender to others through such things as clothing, hairstyles, and mannerisms. It also refers to gender
roles and expectations and how society uses those to try to enforce conformity to current gender
norms.

Trans Broken Arm Syndrome: When healthcare providers assume that all medical issues are a result
of a person being trans. Trans people are therefore frequently subject to poor standards of care, due
to prejudice or plain ignorance.

Transgender: Transgender people have a gender identity that differs from the sex that they were
assigned at birth. Some transgender people who desire medical assistance to transition from one sex
to another identify as transsexual.

Transphobia: Transphobia, in basic terms, refers to any expression of fear or hatred directed toward
people who are transgender, nonbinary, or gender nonconforming.

Transitioning: a process a person may take to bring themselves and/or their bodies into alignment
with their gender identity. Transitioning can include any, none or all of the following: telling one's
friends, family and co-workers; changing one's name and pronouns; updating legal documents;
medical interventions such as hormone therapy; or surgical intervention, often called gender
confirmation surgery.

Victim blaming: Victim Blaming or victim shaming is when people blame someone for getting
themselves hurt or into a bad situation.

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