Models of Communication

Definition/ Type Components/ Concepts Elements Formulator/s

Aristotle’s Linear Model with a  Rhetoric  Speaker

Communication focus on public  Ethos, Pathos, and (Rhetor) Aristotle
Model speaking. Logos  Message
 Persuasion and (Logos)
Rhetoric and Audience Analysis  Audience
persuasive discourse  Occasion
 Effect
Lasswell’s Action model, linear  Control Analysis  Communicator Harold D.
Communication model or one-way  Content Analysis  Message Lasswell in
Model model that aims to  Media Analysis  Medium 1948.
organize the  Effect Analysis  Receiver
scientific study of  Effect
communication
processes.
Shannon- Linear model of  Information Entropy  Sender Claude
Weaver communication that  Channel Capacity  Encoder/ Shannon and
Communication provides a  Noise Transmitter Warren
Model framework for  Redundancy  Communication Weaver in
analyzing how Channel 1948.
messages are sent  Decoder/
and received. Reception
 Destination/
Receiver
Berlo’s S-M-C- Linear model of Source David K.
R communication Message Berlo in 1960
Communication Channel
Model Receiver
Osgood- Circular Model of  Feedback Loop  Encoder Charles E.
Schramm communication,  Decoder Osgood and
Communication two-way street  Message Wilbur
Model view, continuous  Interpreter Schramm in
exhange of  Field of 1950s
information. Experience
Westley and Interpersonal and Reasons for Creation  Environmental Bruce Westley
Maclean Mass  Emphasis on Factors and Malcolm
Communication Communication Interaction  Sender S. MacLean
Model  Contextual  Receiver Jr.
Starts when a person consideration  Gatekeeper
responds selectively  Recognition of  Feedback
in his/her physical Feedback  Sensory
surroundings.  Complexity of Experience
Communication  Object of
Orientation
Barnlund’s Two-way process  Context  Communicator Dean C.
Transactional where both parties  Public and Private  Noise Barnlund in
Communication have equal Cues  Channel 1970.
Model important roles  Behavioral Cues  Messages
working together to  Co-creation of
construct a meaning. Meaning
 Physical and
 Psychological
Context
 Cultural, Relational,
and Social Context
Dance’s Helical Dynamic and cylical  Initiation Frank Dance
Communication process  Interpretation in 1967
Model characterized by  Response
continuous cycle of  Feedback
interaction.