Comparison between Actual and theoretical calculation for tempering

temperature to obtained desired hardness in Batch type Furnace.

Calculation of tempering temperature to achieve the specified hardness:
1) Rt = (Rq – D –D) f + B + ∑ A if Rt < (Rq –D) ……..(a)
2) Rt =(Rq –D –B) if Rt > (Rq – D) ……..(b)

Rt = Required hardness.
Rq = As quenched hardness.
D = Tempering decrement in HRC Scale (fig 22).
B = Critical Hardness in HRC Scale (fig 23) . f =
Factor for disproportionate softness ( fig 24). A
= Alloy increment.
∑A = Sum of alloy increment in HRC Scale.(fig 25,26,27,28 & 29).

Fig(a)
• L/D > 4 for oil /polymer quench.
• L/d < 4 for water quench.
Conversion to Equivalent Día Taken From DIN 17200.

Note : We have used quench media as Polymer.

Iron Carbon Phase Diagram

 Item: XXXX , Material : 30CrNiM08 .
Chemical composition :
%C %Mn %Si %P %S % Cr %Mo % Ni
Heat
Heat Code 0.26- 0.50- 0.40 0.025 0.035 1.80- 0.30-
number 1.20-1.60
0.34 0.80 Max Max Max 2.20 0.50
XX XXX 0.290 0.41 0.24 0.008 0.005 1.87 0.31 2.03

Conditions :
1) Required quench hardness @ core is 474 BHN
2) Required Tempered Hardness is 304-380 BHN (32-40HRC).

Jominey value and quench hardness for 30CrNiMo8

CASE1 : Actual process is done @ 540 ͦ c / 1004 ͦ F tempering temperature:

32-40 <(50-5.8) …(1) Then eqn (a) is selected.
Rt = (Rq – D –B) f + B + ∑ A
D= 5.8 ( fig 22). f = 0.46 (fig
24). B = 7 (fig 23).
∑A = Amn+ ACr +ANi +AMo +A Si = 1.00+8.7+0.571+5.5+1.42 = 17.191
Amn = 1.00 (Mn =0.41 %)( fig 25), ACr = 8.7 (Cr=1.87 %)(fig 27), ASi= 1.42 (Si=0.24 %)(fig 26) AMo= 5.5 (Mo=0.31 %)(fig 29)
ANi=0.571(Ni=2.03%)(fig 28)

Rt = (50- 5.8 -7)0.46 + 7+ 17.191 …..(2)

Rt = 41.303~42 HRC @ 540 ͦ c / 1004 ° F…..(3)

In this case tempered hardness obtained in Maximum side in theoretical calculation @ 540 ° c
and practically obtained desired hardness is 42HRC (388BHN) Hence Temperature Raised 570 ° c
Equation given for find the Hardness by tensile is
Rm = 0.0426 H2+586.5 ….(4)
Rt Value For Equation 3 in Equation 4…
Then
Obtained tensile strength is 1313.23 N/mm2.

Equation given for Yield Strength

Rp0.2=(0.8+0.1S)+Rm+170S-200 in N/mm2…(5)
Substitute Value of Rm and S in Equation 5..
Then =(0.8+(0.1x0.9)x1313.23+((170*0.90)-(200))
Obtained Yield strength is 1121.775 N/mm2

CASE2 : Actual process is done @ 570 ͦ c / 1058 ͦ F tempering temperature:

32-40 <(50-6.8) …(1) Then eqn (a) is selected.
Rt = (Rq – D –B) f + B + ∑ A
D= 6.8 ( fig 22). f = 0.36 (fig
24). B = 2 (fig 23).
∑A = Amn+ ACr +ANi +AMo +A Si = 1.00+8.7+0.871+5.5+1.42 = 17.991
Amn = 1.00 (Mn =0.41 %)( fig 25), ACr = 8.7 (Cr=1.87 %)(fig 27), ASi= 1.42 (Si=0.24 %)(fig 26) AMo= 5.5 (Mo=0.31 %)(fig 29) ,
ANi=0.871(Ni=2.03%)(fig 28)

Rt = (50- 6.8 -2)0.36 + 2+ 17.991 …..(2)

Rt = 35.0903~36 HRC @ 570 ͦ c / 1058 ° F…..(3)

In this case tempered hardness obtained in Required Hardness in theoretical calculation @ 570 ° c
and practically obtained desired hardness is 37 HRC (341BHN) .

Equation given for find the Hardness by tensile is

Rm = 0.0426 H2+586.5 ….(4)
Rt Value For Equation 3 in Equation 4…
Then
Obtained tensile strength is 1135.625 N/mm2 .

Equation given for Yield Strength

Rp0.2=(0.8+0.1S)+Rm+170S-200 in N/mm2…(5)
Substitute Value of Rm and S in Equation 5.. Then
=(0.8+(0.1x0.9)x1135.625+((170*0.90)-(200))
Obtained Yield strength is 963.70 N/mm2

Conclusion : from this Calculation We conclude that theoretical calculation meet the Practical
Trails, Hence For New parts Trails We can adopt the this calculation to Avoid HT Trails.